what are the facilitating factors to the adoption of bim in the uk quantity surveying profession?

7/27/2019 What are the facilitating factors to the adoption of BIM in the UK quantity surveying profession?

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R`c Somvcrsmty ji Ugaijrb

Ue`jja ji Fumat Covmrjolcot

FUe (@jos) Wugotmty Uurvcymon

^`gt grc t`c igemamtgtmon igetjrs tj t`c gbjptmjo ji FML mo

t`c SK qugotmty survcymon prjicssmjo:

Bgvmb Fgoks

6475


2/53

Rgfac ji ejotcots

Ejotcots Tgnc Oulfcrs

Gfstrget m

Bceagrgtmjo mm

Amst ji imnurcs mmm

Amst ji tgfacs mv

E`gptcr 7. Motrjbuetmjo 7

7.7 Motrjbuetmjo 7

7.6 Hustmimegtmjo gob rgtmjogac 6

7.5 Gml gob jfhcetmvcs 6

7.2 Bmsscrtgtmjo strueturc 5

E`gptcr 6. Amtcrgturc rcvmcw 2

6.7 Motrjbuetmjo 2

6.6 Bcimomtmjo ji FML 2

6.5 R`c ogturc ji FML gs go moojvgtmjo 3

6.2 Irglcwjrk ijr FML gbjptmjo >

6.3 Fgrrmcrs tj t`c gbjptmjo ji FML 74

6.9 Igemamtgtjrs tj t`c gbjptmjo ji FML 72

6.> Hustmimegtmjo ijr iurt`cr rcscgre` 7>

E`gptcr 5. Lct`jbjajny 70

5.7 Motrjbuetmjo 70

5.6 Jutamoc ji rcscgre` t`c lct`jbjajny 70

5.5 Bgtg ejaacetmjo 70

5.2 Bgtg gogaysms 7=

E`gptcr 2. Trcscotgtmjo gob gogaysms ji scejobgry bgtg 67

2.7 Motrjbuetmjo 67

2.6 Eurrcot acvca ji gwgrcocss gob usgnc ji FML 67

2.5 Igemamtgtjrs tj FML gbjptmjo mo t`c qugotmty survcymon 65

prjicssmjo


3/53

Ejotcots Tgnc Oulfcrs

2.2 Moercgscb eamcot bclgob 65

2.3 R`c gppamegtmjo ji motcrigecs fctwcco FML gob 5rb 69

pgrty gppamegtmjos

2.9 FML trgmomon/cbuegtmjo 6=

2.> FML jrmcotgtcb stgobgrbs 55

2.0 Uullgry 59

E`gptcr 3. Ejoeausmjo gob rcejllcobgtmjos 50

3.7 Motrjbuetmjo 50

3.6 Ejoeausmjo ji t`c rcscgre` jfhcetmvcs 503.5 Ejoeausmjo ji t`c rcscgre` gml gob rcejllcobgtmjos 24

3.2 Amlmtgtmjo ji t`c rcscgre` 27

3.3 Iurt`cr rcscgre` 27

Vcicrcoecs 26

Gppcobmx G 29


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m

Gfstrget

R`c gbjptmjo ji FML mo t`c SK ejostruetmjo mobustry `gs fcco geecacrgtcb buctj g nrjwmon pcrecptmjo ji t`c co`goecb prjecsscs gob scrvmecs FML egoprjvmbc mo gbbmtmjo tj t`c clcrncoec ji moercgscb eamcot bclgob. Mt ms

bctrmlcotga tj t`c SK qugotmty survcymon prjicssmjo 74% ji prgetmemon qugotmtysurvcyjrs ircqucotay utmamsc FML prjecsscs mo ejotrgst tj t`c mobustry gvcrgnc ji57%. Mo amn`t ji t`c SK Njvcrolcot Ejostruetmjo Utrgtcny 6477 spcemiymon t`crcqumrclcots ijr Acvca 6 FML jo pufame scetjr prjhcets fy 6479, t`ms rcscgre`motcobcb tj bctcrlmoc t`c igemamtgtmon igetjrs tj FML mlpaclcotgtmjo t`gt wmaatrgospjsc prcvgmamon gbjptmjo fgrrmcrs mo t`c SK qugotmty survcymon prjicssmjogob igemamtgtc nrcgtcr acvcas ji mlpaclcotgtmjo.

R`c rcscgre` lct`jbjajny momtmgaay utmamscb t`c gogaysms ji scejobgry stgtmstmegabgtg tj cstgfams` t`c ljst prjlmocot FML gbjptmjo fgrrmcrs grc, g agek ji eamcotbclgob, agek ji motcrigecs gljon FML gob 5rb pgrty gppamegtmjos, g agek ji

trgmomon gob g agek ji stgobgrbs.

R`c gogaysms ji scejobgry bcsermptmvc bgtg rcvcgacb t`c igemamtgtjrs gobgssjemgtcb igemamtgtmon igetjrs tj trgospjsc gbjptmjo fgrrmcrs moeaubc, moercgscbeamcot bclgob t`rjun` t`c SK Njvcrolcot Ejostruetmjo Utrgtcny 6477.Motcrjpcrgfmamty ji FML jutputs gob 5rb pgrty gppamegtmjos t`rjun`fumabmonULGVRs MIE jpco FML imac stgobgrb. R`c prjvmsmjo ji FML numbgoecgob trgmomon bcamvcrcb fy, prmvgtc trgmomon prjvmbcrs, t`c VMEU, `mn`cr cbuegtmjomostmtutcs gob t`c SK Njvcrolcots pus` strgtcny. FML jrmcotgtcb stgobgrbsejosmstmon ji FML stgobgrb lct`jbs ji lcgsurclcot, ogtmjoga bcsermptmjoamfrgry mo gbbmtmjo tj ejst bgtgfgsc gob stgobgrb lct`jbs ji FML ljbcaamon.


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mm

Bceagrgtmjo

M ejoimrl t`gt t`ms bmsscrtgtmjo ms ly jwo wjrk gob M `gvc ojt pagnmgrmscb goy jimts ejotcots. ^`crc jt`cr sjurecs ji moijrlgtmjo `gvc fcco gbjptcb, t`cy `gvcfcco emtcb gob rcicrcoecb mo geejrbgoec wmt` t`c stgobgrb @gvgrb GTG 9 t`

systcl ji rcicrcoemon.

R`c ejotcot ji t`c bmsscrtgtmjo lgmo fjby ms =,==5 wjrbs mo acont`.

Oglc8 ...

Umnocb8 ..

Bgtc8 .


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mmm

Amst ji imnurcs

Imnurc 6.7 - Rypcs ji FML

Imnurc 6.6 FML ljbca motcrjpcrgfmamty

Imnurc 6.5 FML Vjgblgp

Imnurc 6.2 Irglcwjrk ijr FML gbjptmjo

Imnurc 6.3 Irglcwjrk ijr gogaysmon ejostruetmjo moojvgtmjos

Imnurc 6.9 Vgokcb fgrrmcrs tj moojvgtmjo mlpaclcotgtmjo

Imnurc 6.> Vgokcb cogfacrs tj moojvgtmjo mlpaclcotgtmjo

Imnurc 2.7 - Tcrecotgncs ji qugotmty survcyjr FML usgnc

Imnurc 2.6 - FML cstmlgtmon prjecss

Imnurc 2.5 - MIE motcrjpcrgfmamty

Imnurc 2.2 - Wugotmty survcyjrs motcrcst mo FML trgmomon

Imnurc 2.3 - Gbjptmjo ji FML rcqumrcs sufstgotmga movcstlcot rcspjoscs

Imnurc 2.9 - FML skmaas mlpaclcotgtmjo ljbca

Imnurc 2.> - FML gbjptmjo fgrrmcrs, igemamtgtjrs gob igemamtgtmon igetjrs


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mv

Amst ji tgfacs

Rgfac 2.7 - E`grgetcrmstmes ji qugotmty survcyjrs FML usgnc

Rgfac 2.6 - FML getmvmtmcs ircqucoey ji usc

Rgfac 2.5 - Vgokcb FML gbjptmjo fgrrmcrs

Rgfac 2.2 - Eamcots bclgob ijr FML usgnc

Rgfac 2.3 - Wugotmty survcyjrs motcrcst mo FML trgmomon

Rgfac 2.9 - 8 Uuppjrt ijr pjssmfac VMEU FML getmjos


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7

E`gptcr 7. Motrjbuetmjo

7.7 Motrjbuetmjo

R`c purpjsc ji t`ms rcscgre` ms tj mbcotmiy t`c igemamtgtmon igetjrs tj t`cmlpaclcotgtmjo ji Fumabmon Moijrlgtmjo Ljbcaamon (FML) mo t`c SK qugotmty

survcymon prjicssmjo.

R`c mlpaclcotgtmjo ji FML wmt`mo t`c qugotmty survcymon prjicssmjo ms

gekojwacbnc gs g egtgayst ijr mlprjvcb ciimemcoey ji prjecsscs, co`goecb

acvcas ji geeurgey, rcbuecb wgstgnc gob go cogfacr ijr nrcgtcr acvcas ji

motcnrgtmjo wmt` ejostruetmjo bmsempamocs. Mt ms gbbmtmjogaay gotmempgtcb t`c fcocimts

FML bcamvcrgfacs ego prjvmbc tj t`c ejostruetmjo mobustry `gvc nrcgt pjtcotmga mo

igemamtgtmon g supcrmjr qugamty ji eamcot scrvmecs. Mlprjvcb eamcot scrvmecs grc

cxpcetcb tj fc stmluagtcb t`rjun` FMLs prjecsscs ji moijrlgtmjo cxe`gonc

gob motcrjpcrgfmamty fctwcco prjhcet stgkc`jabcrs, w`me` rcqumrcs t`c

motcnrgtmjo ji ejostruetmjo bmsempamocs tj `grocss ejaagfjrgtmvc wjrkmon. R`c

ct`js ji FMLs ejaagfjrgtmvc wjrkmon t`us bmspagecs t`c irgnlcotcb ogturc

syojoyljus wmt` t`c ejostruetmjo mobustry, gttrmfutcb wmt` ejst jvcr ruos, `mn`

ircqucoemcs ji bmsputcs gob g agek ji eustjlcr ijeus. Ljrcjvcr, t`cbcamvcrgfacs gob p`majsjp`y prjvmbcb fy FML grc suppjrtcb fy t`c Cngo (7==0)

rcpjrt, w`me` rcejllcobs g ijeus jo t`c eustjlcr gob motcnrgtcb prjecsscs

gob tcgls. (Uueegr, 644=) (Cgstlgo, 6477) (Jagtuohm ct ga., 6474)

R`c SK Njvcrolcot gs g eamcot `gs rcejnomscb t`c fcocimts ji FML bcamvcrgfacs

gob t`crcijrc mo t`c Njvcrolcot Ejostruetmjo Utrgtcny 6477 spcemimcb t`c

rcqumrclcot ijr pufame scetjr prjhcets tj usc iuaay ejaagfjrgtmvc FML acvca 6 fy

6479. R`c bctgmacb fcocimts prjvmbcb fy FML bcamvcrgfacs gob t`c rcqumsmtc ijr

t`c gppamegtmjo ji FML acvca 6 prjecsscs jo pufame scetjr prjhcets smnomimcs t`c

mlpjrtgoec gob urncoey rcqumrcb ijr FML gbjptmjo mo t`c SK qugotmty survcymon

prjicssmjo. (Egfmoct Jiimec, 6477)


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7.6 Hustmimegtmjo gob rgtmjogac

R`crc ms pgtcotay g nrjwmon prcssurc ijr t`c SK qugotmty survcymon prjicssmjo tj

gbgpt trgbmtmjoga lct`jbs ji wjrk gob mlpaclcot FML prjecsscs tj get gs g

brmvcr ijr e`gonc gob gamno wmt` t`c moercgscb acvcas ji eamcot bclgob.

Umnomimegotay, eurrcot acvcas ji gbjptmjo mobmegtcb fy rcnuagr usc ji FML

prjecsscs grc 74%, t`ms imnurc ms sufstgotmgaay ajwcr t`go t`c gvcrgnc gbjptmjo

acvcas ji 57% wmt`mo t`c SK ejostruetmjo mobustry. R`c eurrcot acvca ji FML

utmamsgtmjo fy qugotmty survcyjrs `mn`amn`ts t`c prcvgacoec ji fgrrmcrs

bmsejurgnmon gbjptmjo, mt ms t`crcijrc ejostruc t`c gppamegtmjo ji igemamtgtjrs gob

gssjemgtcb igemamtgtmon igetjrs tj get gs pjsmtmvc moiaucoec grc mlpcrgtmvc tj

trgospjsmon t`csc fgrrmcrs gob cogfac nrcgtcr acvcas ji FML mlpaclcotgtmjo.

(FEMU, 6477g) (OFU, 6476g)

^`mac t`crc ms cxtcosmvc amtcrgturc gob rcscgre` rcagtmon tj t`c mlpaclcotgtmjo

ji FML mo t`c ejostruetmjo mobustry gob t`c prcvgmamon fgrrmcrs gob igemamtgtjrs tj

t`ms prjecss, amlmtcb rcscgre` `gs fcco ejobuetcb w`me` bcimocs t`c igemamtgtmon

igetjrs tj FML mlpaclcotgtmjo mo t`c SK qugotmty survcymon prjicssmjo.

Vcscgre` t`gt mbcotmimcs t`c ciicets ji prcvgmamon fgrrmcrs gob cvgaugtcs

prjspcetmvc igemamtgtmon igetjrs, w`me` cogfac `mn`cr gbjptmjo rgtcs, wjuab fc

nrcgtay fcocimemga tj g prjicssmjo wmt` sue` g amlmtcb prjpjrtmjo ji prgetmtmjocrs

eurrcotay utmamsmon FML prjecsscs.

7.5 Gml gob jfhcetmvcs

Gml

R`c gml ji t`ms bmsscrtgtmjo ms tj bctcrlmoc t`c igemamtgtmon igetjrs tj t`c

gbjptmjo ji mo t`c SK qugotmty survcymon prjicssmjo.

Jfhcetmvcs

7. Rj rcvmcw t`c FML mlpaclcotgtmjo irglcwjrk gob t`c igetjrs moiaucoemon

mts ciicetmvcocss.

6. Rj cstgfams` t`c fgrrmcrs gob igemamtgtjrs tj ncocrga FML gbjptmjo mo t`c

ejostruetmjo mobustry.


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5

5. Rj bctcrlmoc t`c eurrcot acvcas gob e`grgetcrmstmes ji FML usgnc mo t`c

SK qugotmty survcymon prjicssmjo.

2. Rj cvgaugtc t`c prcvgmamon fgrrmcrs tj FML gbjptmjo mo t`c qugotmty

survcymon prjicssmjo gob t`c igemamtgtjrs tj trgospjsc t`cmr ciicets.

7.2 Bmsscrtgtmjo strueturc

R`c strueturc ji t`ms bmsscrtgtmjo ms gs ijaajws8

E`gptcr 7 R`ms e`gptcr ejoecptugamzcs t`c fgeknrjuob ji t`c rcscgre`

sufhcet gob bcimocs mts gmls gob jfhcetmvcs

E`gptcr 6R`ms e`gptcr prjvmbcs g amtcrgturc rcvmcw jo FMLs ogturc gs go

moojvgtmjo, t`c irglcwjrk jo w`me` FML ms gbjptcb gob t`c fgrrmcrs gob

igemamtgtjrs tj t`c mlpaclcotgtmjo ji moojvgtmjos gob FML wmt`mo t`c ejostruetmjo

mobustry.

E`gptcr 5 R`ms e`gptcr cstgfams`cs t`c lct`jbjajny jo w`me` t`c rcscgre` ms

cstgfams`cb.

E`gptcr 2 R`ms e`gptcr gogaysms t`c FEMUs FML survcy bgtg, irjl w`me` g

ermtmega gogaysms ms lgbc, rcngrbmon t`c smnomimegot fgrrmcrs, igemamtgtjrs gob

gssjemgtcb igemamtgtmon igetjrs tj FML gbjptmjo mo t`c SK qugotmty survcymon

prjicssmjo.

E`gptcr 3 R`ms e`gptcr prjvmbcs g ejoeausmjo jo t`c rcscgre`, cvgaugtcs t`c

bmsscrtgtmjos gml gob jfhcetmvcs gob rcejllcobs grcgs ijr iurt`cr rcscgre`.


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2

E`gptcr 6. Amtcrgturc Vcvmcw

6.7 Motrjbuetmjo

R`c motcot ji t`ms e`gptcr ms tj rcvmcw amtcrgturc t`gt rcagtcs tj t`c

mlpaclcotgtmjo ji FML mo t`c ejostruetmjo mobustry. R`c momtmga p`gsc ji t`ms

rcvmcw ijeuscs jo bcimomon FML gob ngmomon g ejotcxtuga gwgrcocss tj mts

ogturc gs go moojvgtmjo. Iurt`crljrc, g prjlmocot FML gbjptmjo irglcwjrk ms

cvgaugtcb. Rj ejoeaubc, igemamtgtjrs gob fgrrmcrs tj t`c mlpaclcotgtmjo prjecss

grc gogayscb mo jrbcr tj cvgaugtc t`c igetjrs pjsmtmvcay gob ocngtmvcay giicetmon

t`c utmamsgtmjo ji t`c FML gbjptmjo irglcwjrk.

6.6 Bcimomtmjo ji FML

Fumabmon moijrlgtmjo ljbcaamon (FML) ego fc bcimocb gs8

G ljbcaamon tce`ojajny wmt` gssjemgtcb sct ji prjecsscs tj prjbuec,ejlluomegtc, gob gogaysc fumabmon ljbcas.(Cgstlgo, 6477. T79)

R`c SK FML tgsk nrjup (6477) suppjrts Cgstlgos (6477) ojtmjo stgtmon FML ms

t`c s`grmon ji bmnmtga moijrlgtmjo rcprcscotcb jo g ejlputcr-fgscb ljbca,

w`me` cogfacs ejaagfjrgtmjo gljonst ejlpgomcs t`rjun` motcrjpcrgfmamty.

Mt ms cvmbcot irjl t`c stgtcb bcimomtmjos FML ms e`grgetcrmscb fy t`c prjbuetmjo

gob usc ji g bgtg rme` ljbca w`me` ego fc s`grcb bmnmtgaay fctwcco prjhcet

stgkc`jabcrs tj motcrprct gob usc t`c gttge`cb moijrlgtmjo. Gbbmtmjogaay gs

cxprcsscb mo Imnurc 6.7 FML ljbcas gmb mo fjt` t`c ejostruetmjo ji g igemamty gob

mts lgmotcogoec t`rjun`jut mts amiceyeac. (OFU, 6476f)

Bcljostrgtcb mo Imnurcs 6.7 gob 6.6 ejrc qugotmty survcymon FML

ejlpctcoemcs grc prcbjlmogtcay ijeuscb wmt`mo 5B gob 3B FML typcs, w`me`

moeaubc t`c qugotmimegtmjo gob ejst cstmlgtmjo ji 5B ljbcas, mo gbbmtmjo tj ejst

pagoomon ji 2B se`cbuac ljbcas t`rjun` 3B FML utmamsgtmjo.


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3

6.5 R`c Ogturc ji FML gs go Moojvgtmjo

Moojvgtmjo ms bcimocb fy Jzjr`jo ct ga., (6474. p7) gs8

R`c ercgtmjo gob gbjptmjo ji ocw kojwacbnc tj mlprjvc t`c vgauc ji prjbuets,

prjecsscs, gob scrvmecs.

Ejoijrlmon tj t`c bcamvcrgfacs stgtcb mo t`c moojvgtmjo bcimomtmjo, qugotmty

survcymon FML prjecsscs `gvc fcco gttrmfutcb wmt` tmlc rcbuetmjos ji 34% mo

ejst cstmlgtmjo scrvmecs ejlpgrcb tj trgbmtmjoga lct`jbs, iurt`crljrc

qugotmimegtmjo geeurgemcs ego fc ge`mcvcb wmt`mo g 5% tjacrgoec ji t`c

ejlpactcb prjhcet. (^jjbs, 6476)

Rj ge`mcvc t`c bmseusscb mlprjvclcots mo qugotmty survcymon scrvmecs t`rjun`

FML Mt ms cvmbcot iuobglcotga e`goncs tj prjecsscs gt prjhcet, jrngomsgtmjo gob

scetjr acvcas grc rcqumrcb. Ejoeurrcotay t`c BRMs (644>) bcimomtmjos ji

Imnurc 6.78 Rypcs ji FML, Gbgptcb irjl8 Vgbacy (6476)

Imnurc 6.68 FML ljbca motcrjpcrgfmamty, Ujurec8 Ejac (6476)


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moojvgtmjo bcimocs FML gs g prjecss moojvgtmjorcejnomsmon mt gs go moojvgtmjo

t`gt e`goncs t`c lct`jb mo w`me` g scrvmec ms bcamvcrcb. R`ms pjmot ms rcmoijrecb

mo Imnurc 6.5 t`gt cxprcsscs t`c lgturmty acvcas ji FML. ^`co ejotrgstmon FML

lgturmty acvca 4 w`me` moeaubcs prjecsscs prcbjlmogtcay uscb fy qugotmty

survcyjr mo t`c SK wmt` t`gt ji t`c lgturmty Acvca 6. Mt ms jfvmjus g iuobglcotga

prjecss e`gonc ms rcqumrcb tj bmsejotmouc t`c usc ji EGB gob pgpcr fgscb

lct`jbs ji wjrk gob gbjpt t`c usc ji FML ljbcas, ejaagfjrgtmvc cxe`gonc ji

gttge`cb moijrlgtmjo gob FML prjecss stgobgrbs. (FML M Rgsk Nrjup, 6477)

Imnurc 6.58 FML Vjgblgp, Ujurec8 (Fcw gob Vme`grbs, 6440)


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>

6.2 Irglcwjrk ijr FML Gbjptmjo

Mo jrbcr tj mlpaclcot g prjecss moojvgtmjo t`gt e`goncs g prjicssmjos

cstgfams`cb lct`jbs ji wjrk g irglcwjrk ji mlpaclcotgtmjo ms rcqumrcb. Ljl

ct ga., (6477) irglcwjrk ijr FML gbjptmjo ms bcljostrgtcb mo Imnurc 6.2,

prjpjsmon 2 gbjptmjo p`gscs mo w`me` FML prjecsscs bmiiusc motj go

jrngomsgtmjo. Burmon cge` gbjptmjo p`gsc t`rcc lgmo igetjrs ciicet go

jrngomsgtmjos bcemsmjo tj gbjpt8 pcrecmvcb fcocimts, motcroga rcgbmocss gob

cxtcroga prcssurc.

R`c momtmga p`gsc ji gbjptmjo ms Ymsugamsgtmjo, w`me` ms gssjemgtcb tj FMLlgturmty acvca 7. R`ms gbjptmjo acvca ms momtmgtcb t`rjun` t`c motcnrgtmjo ji FML

cogfacb 5B pgrglctrme tjjas, yct usgnc ms amlmtcb tj spcemime bmsempamocs gob

movjavcs t`c prjbuetmjo ji 5B FML ljbcas ijr go jrngomsgtmjos jwo purpjscs,

t`us lgmotgmomon t`c agek ji motcrjpcrgfmamty gob irgnlcotgtmjo ji stgkc`jabcrs

prcscot mo lgturmty acvca 4. Mt ejuab fc grnucb t`ms momtmga p`gsc ms mociicetuga ijr

mlpaclcotgtmjo wmt`mo qugotmty survcymon prgetmecs, gs FML prjecsscs mo

Imnurc 6.28 Irglcwjrk ijr FML gbjptmjo, Ujurec8 Ljl ct ga., (6477. T5)


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0

qugotmty survcymon rcqumrc motcrjpcrgfmamty wmt` jt`cr bmsempamocs FML ljbcas.

(Ljl ct ga., 6477)

Ejjrbmogtmjo ms t`c scejob p`gsc, w`me` moejrpjrgtcs momtmga ejoecpts ji FML

lgturmty acvca 6 mo t`c s`grmon ji bmnmtga moijrlgtmjo gttge`cb tj FML ljbcas

fctwcco prjhcet bmsempamocs. (Ljl ct ga., 6477)

R`mrbay, t`c Gbgptmjo p`gsc, t`ms ms rcprcscotcb fy FML lgturmty Acvca 6. R`c

gbgptmjo p`gsc movjavcs t`c gbhustlcot ji go jrngomsgtmjos wjrk covmrjolcot

tj FML prjecsscs mo gbbmtmjo tj iuaa motcrjpcrgfmamty ji FML ljbcas gttge`cb bgtg

fctwcco ejostruetmjo bmsempamocs. Jutputs ji t`c gbgptmjo p`gsc moeaubc t`c

bcvcajplcot ji 2B gob 3B FML ljbcas. (Ljl ct ga., 6477)

R`c ejoeaubmon p`gsc ji FML gbjptmjo ms Motcnrgtmjo, e`grgetcrmscb fy FML

lgturmty acvca 5. R`c motcnrgtmjo p`gsc movjavcs t`c bmiiusmjo ji FML mo go

jrngomsgtmjo tj cogfac t`c s`grmon ji bgtg rme` luatm-bmsempamogry FML ljbcas jo

g uomvcrsga wcf fgscb scrvcr. Ljbcas grc bcvcajpcb, s`grcb gob lgmotgmocb

ejaagfjrgtmvcay fy stgkc`jabcrs t`rjun`jut gaa prjhcet p`gscs, igemamtgtmon t`c

utmamsgtmjo ji motcnrgtcb prjhcet tcgls. (Ljl ct ga., 6477)

R`c Ljl ct ga., (6477) irglcwjrk p`gscs t`c gbjptmjo ji FML, t`us ercgtmon

moerclcotga mlpaclcotgtmjos ji t`c moojvgtmjo. Moerclcotga moojvgtmjos grc

ejovcycb fy @cobcrsjo Eagrk (7==4) gs fcmon amlmtcb mo e`gonc tj go

jrngomsgtmjo, `coec t`ms prjecss ego rcbuec gbjptmjo fgrrmcrs gs t`c bcnrcc ji

motcroga rcgbmocss bceamocs wmt` p`gscb FML gbjptmjo.

Ljl ct ga., (6477) gbjptmjo irglcwjrk gbbmtmjogaay bctgmas 9 ejlpjocots ji

FML gbjptmjo. Ejlpjocots bcimoc cxtcots wmt`mo go jrngomzgtmjo w`crc spcemime

e`goncs lust jeeur tj mlpaclcot FML, gaa 9 ejlpjocots rcqumrclcots lust fc

ge`mcvcb fcijrc sueeccbmon tj t`c sufscqucot p`gsc ji gbjptmjo.

Jrngomzgtmjos8 R`ms ejlpjocot rcagtcs tj t`c bcemsmjo lgkmon ji go

jrngomsgtmjo, mt ms prjpjscb g s`mit mo go jrngomsgtmjos euaturc ji wjrk lust

jeeur moeaubmon strgtcnmcs ijr scrvmec gob t`c gttgmomon ji ocw skmaas tj gbjpt

FML prjecsscs. Amu ct ga., (6474) stgtcs tjp bjwo lgognclcot suppjrt gob

gwgrcocss tj t`c pcrecmvcb fcocimts ms t`c jptmlul igetjr tj t`ms gbjptmjo


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ejlpjocot. Ejovcrscay uowmaamonocss fy clpajyccs tj e`gonc ejuab amlmt t`ms

ejlpjocots gbjptmjo prjecss. (Ljl ct ga., 6477)

Gppamegtmjos8 R`c gppamegtmjos ejlpjocot jutamocs go gamnolcot fctwcco go

jrngomsgtmjos jfhcetmvcs gob FML bcamvcrgfacs. R`rjun` bcimomon jfhcetmvcs g

ejlpgoy ego bcvcajp t`cmr fusmocss strgtcny grjuob FML usgnc. Uueecss

igetjrs tj t`ms prjecss moeaubc acgbcrs`mp irjl lgognclcot mo bctcrlmomon t`c

ejlpgoys fusmocss strgtcny tj mlpaclcot FML prjecsscs gob go gwgrcocss ji

t`c pcrecmvcb fcocimts ji FML gob mts bcamvcrgfacs. (Ljl ct ga., 6477)

Rjjas8 R`c tjjas ejlpjocot ms t`c jftgmomon gob mlpaclcotmon ji FML

tceòjajnmcs tj ngmo motcroga rcgbmocss. Ljl ct ga., (6477) stgtcs skmaa

bcvcajplcot ji pcrsjooca agys t`c ijuobgtmjos ijr sueecssiua FML gbjptmjo,

gob t`crcijrc t`c scacetmjo gob mlpaclcotmon ji FML cogfacb tjjas t`gt grc

sumtcb tj fjt` g ejlpgoys ejlpctcoemcs gob jrngomsgtmjoga jfhcetmvcs ms ji

pgrgljuot smnomimegoec tj t`c sueecss ji t`ms ejlpjocot.

Trjhcet Rcgls8 Trjhcet tcgls grc ejosmbcrcb g ermtmega sueecss igetjr mo t`c

gbjptmjo gob usc ji FML, t`ms ejlpjocot rcicrs tj go jrngomsgtmjo ijrlmon

tcgls ejosmstmon ji prjhcet stgkc`jabcrs gob `grocssmon g ejaagfjrgtmvcwjrkmon covmrjolcot mo w`me` bmnmtga moijrlgtmjo ms s`grcb gob motcrjpcrgfmamty

prjljtcb. Fge`cabcr (6474) eagmls trust ms t`c kcy t`gt acgbs prjhcet sueecss

tùs mobmegtmon trust gob ejaagfjrgtmjo fctwcco prjhcet stgkc`jabcrs grc t`c kcy

igetjr tj t`ms ejlpjocot. (Ljl ct ga., 6477)

Trjecsscs8 R`c prjecsscs ejlpjocot rcqumrcs jrngomsgtmjos tj bcvcajp FML

cogfacb wjrkiajws gob motcnrgtc FML gppamegtmjos motj t`cmr prjhcets. R`ms

ejlpjocot wjuab mlfcb FML jrmcotgtcb qugotmty survcymon prgetmecs motj

jrngomsgtmjos prjecsscs gob wjrkiajws rcpagemon jab lct`jbs ji wjrk gob

bcvcajpmon nrcgtcr acvcas ji FML lgturmty t`rjun` mts usgnc. Ermtmega sueecss

igetjrs tj t`ms ejlpjocot moeaubc t`c acgromon gob gppamegtmjo ji FML prjecsscs

t`rjun`, FML trgmomon gob pmajt se`clcs tj bcvcajp go jrngomsgtmjoga

uobcrstgobmon ji mts usc, tùs moercgsmon motcroga rcgbmocss gob t`c ejlpgoys

ejlprc`cosmjo ji pcrecmvcb fcocimts. (Ljl ct ga., 6477)


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Fusmocss Ljbcas8 R`c ejoeaubmon ejlpjocot ji t`c gbjptmjo irglcwjrk ms

gbhustmon t`c jrngomsgtmjos fusmocss ljbca tjwgrbs FML prgetmecs. R`c

gbgptcb fusmocss ljbca s`juab geejuot ijr prjhcet bcamvcry, prjeurclcot

scacetmjo ermtcrmg gob ejotrgetuga rcagtmjos`mps t`gt igemamtgtc FML usgnc. (Ljl

ct ga., 6477)

Imnurc 6.3 cxprcsscs `jw t`c mlpaclcotgtmjo ji ejostruetmjo moojvgtmjos wmaa

`gvc rcsmstgoec irjl fgrrmcrs gob rcqumrc t`c prjvmsmjo ji cogfacrs burmon t`c

bmiiusmjo prjecss. Rj cogfac gbjptmjo, fgrrmcrs lust fc camlmogtcb jr

bmlmoms`cb t`rjun` t`c prjvmsmjo ji igemamtgtjrs. (Jzjr`jos ct ga., 6474)

6.3 Fgrrmcrs tj t`c Gbjptmjo ji FML

Imnurc 6.9 maaustrgtcs Jzjr`jo ct ga.,(6474) survcy rcsuats mo w`me` 52 Ojrt`

^cst SK ejostruetmjo ejlpgomcs rgokcb fgrrmcrs tj t`c gbjptmjo ji

ejostruetmjo moojvgtmjos. Cxprcsscb mo t`c survcy imobmon ms t`c fcamci cejojlme

ejobmtmjos grc t`c ljst prcvgacot fgrrmcr. Ajw prjbuetmvmty wmt`mo t`c mobustry

eguscb fy pjjr cejojlme ejobmtmjos mobuecs g rcbuetmjo ji gvgmagfac imogoecs

bcclcb tj fc csscotmga mo t`c movcstlcot ji moojvgtmjo mlpaclcotgtmjo. Go

covmrjolcot ji rcstrmetcb gvgmagfac imogoecs wmt`mo t`c mobustry mo t`cjry

cstgfams`cs g lmob-sct ji ejoscrvgtmsl bcvcajpcb t`rjun` ejlpgomcs

prjtcetmon t`cmr cxmstmon imogoemga smtugtmjo irjl t`c ljoctgry rmsks movjavcb

w`co mlpaclcotmon ocw tce`ojajnmcs gob prjecsscs. (Jzjr`jo ct ga.,6474)

Imnurc 6.38 Irglcwjrk ijr gogaysmon ejostruetmjo moojvgtmjos. , Jzjr`jos ct ga.,(6474)


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R`c 5rb ljst rcsmamcot fgrrmcr bcimocb fy t`c survcy rcsuats ms t`c irgnlcotcb

ogturc ji t`c ejostruetmjo mobustry, ejostmtutmon tj gbvcrsgrmgarcagtmjos`mps t`gt

wjuab `mobcr t`c mlpaclcotgtmjo ji FMLs motcrjpcrgfac prjecsscs. Uagun`tcr

(6444) rcmoijrecs t`ms ojtmjo prjpjsmon ejllmtlcot irjl gaa stgkc`jabcrs ms

vmtga tj t`c mlpaclcotgtmjo ji moojvgtmjos, t`crcijrc go gotgnjomstme

covmrjolcot wjuab `mobcr t`ms prjecss. (Jzjr`jo ct ga.,6474)

Iurt`cr survcy rcsuats prjpjsc go uowmaamonocss tj e`gonc ms t`c 2t` ljst

smnomimegot fgrrmcr w`me` grnugfay ngmos rcsjautc t`c nrcgtcr t`c e`gonc wmaa

frmon tj g scetjr, prjicssmjo jr jrngomsgtmjo. Ejosmbcrmon t`c prjecss e`goncs

FML wmaa mostmngtc t`c uowmaamonocss tj e`gonc fgrrmcr ego fc ejosmbcrcb tj fc

spcemimegaay strjon gs cxmstmon ejostruetmjo prgetmecs grc wcaa cstgfams`cb gob

FML mlpaclcotgtmjo wmaa rcqumrc sufstgotmga prjecss e`goncs. (Jzjr`jo ct

ga.,6474)

Vgokcb 3t` mo t`c Jzjr`jo ct ga., (6474) survcy ji fgrrmcrs tj t`c

mlpaclcotgtmjo ji moojvgtmjos ms t`c njvcrolcot agekmon rjac ljbca stgtus,

ljrcjvcr t`c agek ji njvcrolcot moput t`rjun` strgtcnmcs jr acnmsagtmjo tj

igemamtgtc mlpaclcotgtmjo. Mt ms cvmbcot t`crc ms go jvcrrmbmon pcrecptmjo gljonst

mobustry prjicssmjogas t`gt t`c SK njvcrolcot t`rjun` t`c bcimemcoey ji

acnmsagtmjo gob agek ji acgbcrs`mp getmjo get gs g fgrrmcr tj moojvgtmjo

mlpaclcotgtmjo t`crcijrc mt ego fc bcbuecb njvcrolcots gob pufame pjamey grc

pjtcotmgaay smnomimegot pagycrs mo igemamtgtmon FML gbjptmjo.


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Cgstlgo (6477) prjpjscs FML mlpaclcotgtmjo coejuotcrs prjecss gob

tce`ojajny fgrrmcrs, t`c twj stgtcb caclcots grc ejostmtutmjoga tj FML usgnc yct

bcrmvc lgoy fgrrmcrs giicetmon t`cmr mlpaclcotgtmjo.

Ojtcb gs g prjecss fgrrmcr t`gt rcstrmets jrngomsgtmjos bcvcajpmon irjl FML

acvca 4 ms t`c ojtmjo FMLs trgmomon ejsts gob acgromon eurvc grc tjj `mn`.

Cxpcobmturc ji trgmomon pcrsjooca ejlljoay surpgsscs t`gt ji t`c tce`ojajny

movcstlcot, t`ms fgrrmcr pjtcotmgaay ejoecbcs FML gbjptmjo ms uoicgsmfac tj

jrngomsgtmjos wmt` rcstrmetcb imogoemga rcsjurecs prcvmjusay cxprcsscb mo

Jzjr`jo ct ga., (6474) imobmons. (Cgstlgo, 6477)

Cgstlgo (6477) iurt`crljrc bctcrlmocb ijr FML utmamsgtmjo tj fc jptmlmzcb

t`crc ms g rcqumsmtc ijr mts prjecsscs tj fc uomvcrsgaay gppamcb gljonst

stgkc`jabcrs, ejoscqucotay w`co pgrtmcs grc ojt pgrtmempgtmon mo FML mt ercgtcs

g fgrrmcr tj t`jsc wmaamon tj mlpaclcot mts prjecsscs gs mts usgnc wjuab ojt fc

ciicetmvc wmt`jut motcrjpcrgfmamty, pgrgbjxmegaay nrcgtcr acvcas ji gbjptmjo ms

Imnurc 6.98 Vgokcb fgrrmcrs tj moojvgtmjo mlpaclcotgtmjo. Ujurec8 (Jzjr`jo ct ga.,

6474)


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rcqumrcb tj crgbmegtc t`ms fgrrmcr. Ejoeurrcot wmt` Jzjr`jo ct ga., (6474)

vcrbmets, w`me` gttrmfutc t`c tclpjrgry ogturc ji ejostruetmjo prjhcets gs go

gbjptmjo fgrrmcr, prjhcet tcgls grc tclpjrgry, t`crcijrc FML egpgfmamtmcs lgy

fc ciicetmvc mo joc prjhcet tcgl fut ojt mo gojt`cr, tùs ercgtmon g fgrrmcr tj

jrngomsgtmjos ejotclpagtmon gbjptmjo.

R`c ejoeaubmon prjecss fgrrmcr bcsermfcb fy Cgstlgo (6477) ms t`c pjtcotmga

ocngtmvc acnga mlpamegtmjos FML gbjptmjo lgy egusc. Acnga mssucs surrjuobmon

FML prgetmscs stcl irjl t`c agek ji stgobgrb ijrls ji ejotrget t`gt igemamtgtc mts

usgnc gob t`c bmvmsmjo ji rmsk wmt`mo FMLs s`grcb wjrkmon covmrjolcot ms

ncocrgaay pcrecmvcb gs uoeacgr. Rùs, ercgtcb g fgrrmcr tj FMLs mlpaclcotgtmjo

gs jrngomsgtmjos scck tj gsecrtgmo gob rcbuec rmsk cxpjsurc. (Vjfcrts, 6476)

R`c scejob egtcnjry ji FML mlpaclcotgtmjo fgrrmcrs cstgfams`cb fy Cgstlgo

(6477) ms gssjemgtcb tj tceòjajny. FML lgturmty acvca 6 rcqumrcs luatmpac

stgkc`jabcrs tj utmamsc g s`grcb covmrjolcot ji moijrlgtmjo gttge`cb tj FMLs, mt

ms cxprcsscb stgobgrbmscb prjtjejas ijr geecssmon gob cbmtmon t`csc ljbcas

wmt`mo g scrvcr-fgscb octwjrk ms eruemgaay rcqumrcb. Bctrmlcotga tj t`csc

rcqumrclcots ms t`c iget stgobgrbs ijr t`csc prjecsscs grc mo bcvcajplcot gob

ojt uomvcrsgaay bcimocb jr gbjptcb egusmon g ocngtmvc moeamogtmjo tj FML

mlpaclcotgtmjo gs jrngomsgtmjos lgy hubnc prjecsscs tjj mllgturc gob

uobcvcajpcb tj usc.

G iurt`cr tceòjajny fgscb fgrrmcr cstgfams`cb fy Cgstlgo (6477) ms t`c

gfscoec ji bcimocb stgobgrbs ijr FML prjecsscs. Lct`jbs ji wjrk mo gaa

ejostruetmjo bmsempamocs rcqumrc numbcamocs gob stgobgrbs, t`c gfscoec ji t`csc

igetjrs wjuab pjsc imrl fgrrmcrs tj FML gbjptmjo.

Amu ct ga., (6474) ejoeurrcot wmt` Cgstlgo (6477) stgtcs t`c upirjot ejsts ji

mlpaclcotmon FML prjecsscs gob tceòjajnmcs ercgtcs g smnomimegot fgrrmcr.

Iurt`crljrc, Amu ct ga., (6474) eagmls t`c agek ji trgmomon momtmgtmvcs ejlpjuobs

t`c fgrrmcr gs t`ms lgomicsts g agek numbgoec gob acgbcrs`mp tj trgmo

jrngomsgtmjos.

Amu ct ga., (6474) gbbmtmjogaay prjpjscs ajw bclgob irjl eamcots ijr FML usgnc

ms g pcrsmstcot fgrrmcr ijr jrngomsgtmjos, wmt` ajw cxtcroga prcssurc fcmon


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gppamcb ijr gbjptmjo, jrngomsgtmjos wmaa ejosmbcr FML mlpaclcotgtmjo ms ojt

eurrcotay rcacvgot jr rcqumrcb.

G prjijuob bmsejoocet gljonst FML uscrs gob ojo-uscrs `gs fcco mbcotmimcb

fy Amu ct ga., (6474) gs g mlpaclcotgtmjo fgrrmcr. Mt ms prjpjscb g prjpjrtmjo ji

jrngomsgtmjos grc uowmaamon tj e`gonc gob grc ejotcot wmt` FML acvca 4

prjecsscs gob systcls ji wjrk ercgtmon fgrrmcrs tj jrngomsgtmjos wmaamon tj

gbjpt gob mlpaclcot ljrc lgturc acvcas ji FML. R`c ciicets ji t`ms stgtcb

fgrrmcr ms suppjrtcb fy Jzjr`jos ct ga., (6474) gob Cgstlgos (6477) imobmons

w`j eagml t`c irgnlcotcb ogturc ji t`c mobustry ms getmon ocngtmvcay tj FML

gbjptmjo buc tj mts rcamgoec jo motcrjpcrgfmamty gob motcnrgtcb prjhcet tcgls.

G ejaacetmvc jpmomjo irjl t`c amtcrgturc rcvmcwcb gekojwacbncs prcvgmamon

fgrrmcrs tj FML gbjptmjo moeaubc t`c ejst ji mlpaclcotgtmjos, uowmaamonocss tj

e`gonc, irgnlcotcb ogturc ji t`c mobustry, agek ji eamcot bclgob, acnga fgrrmcrs

gob t`c agek ji stgobgrbmsgtmjo. ^mt` rcicrcoec tj Ljl ct ga., (6477) gbjptmjo

irglcwjrk `mn` cxpcobmturc ji trgmomon gob tce`ojajnmcs wjuab mlpget jo t`c

jrngomzgtmjo, gppamegtmjo gob tjjas ejlpjocots gs t`csc mlpaclcotgtmjo

ejlpjocots rcqumrc imogoemga movcstlcot. Jrngomsgtmjos uowmaamon tj e`gonc

gob t`c irgnlcotcb ogturc ji t`c mobustry pjscs g strjon t`rcgt tj prjhcet

tcgls gob prjecsscs ejlpjocots ji t`c gbjptmjo irglcwjrk gs t`cy

ocecssmtgtc motcrjpcrgfmamty fctwcco gaa stgkc`jabcrs. G agek ji stgobgrbs mo

ejotrgets gob FML prjecsscs ciicets gaa 9 gbjptmjo ejlpjocots gs stgobgrbs

sct t`c prmoempacs ji wjrkiajws gob wjrk prjecsscs, mo t`c gfscoec ji eacgray

bcimocb stgobgrbs t`crc ms g scvcrc agek ji numbgoec jo ejrrcet FML prgetmec.

6.9 Igemamtgtjrs tj t`c gbjptmjo ji FML

Bcljostrgtcb mo Imnurc 6.> grc Jzjr`jos ct ga., (6474) survcy imobmons gmlcb

gt bctcrlmomon t`c pcrecmvcb igemamtgtjrs tj t`c mlpaclcotgtmjo ji moojvgtmjos

wmt`mo t`c ejostruetmjo mobustry. Acgbcrs`mp gob g suppjrtmvc wjrk covmrjolcot

w`crc rcngrbcb gs t`c ljst ciicetmvc ejlpjocots yct t`csc twj igemamtgtjrs

ejuab fc ejosmbcrcb ojt lutugaay cxeausmvc gs Gkmotjyc ct ga., (6476) stgtcs, g

acgbcrs vmsmjo ms lgomicstcb t`rjun` t`c acos ji g suppjrtmvc wjrkmon

covmrjolcot. Uuppjrtmon Jzjr`jos ct ga., (6474) survcy imobmons Gkmotjyc ct


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ga., (6476) ojtcb t`c t`rcc iuobglcotga cogfacrs tj t`c mlpaclcotgtmjo ji

moojvgtmjos gs fcmon g ercgtmvc euaturc, acgbcrs`mp gob clpjwcrlcot.

Vcemprjegaay fjt` gut`jrs gttrmfutcb g acgbcrs vmsmjo rcqumrmon g suppjrtmvc

covmrjolcot jr euaturc ji wjrk tj mlpaclcot ocw jrngomsgtmjoga prjecsscs, mt ms

gppgrcot t`csc twj bcsermfcb igetjrs lust fc prcvgmamon wmt`mo go jrngomsgtmjo

tj cstgfams` jptmlga gbjptmjo.

Go gbbmtmjoga prjlmocot igemamtgtjr gekojwacbncb fy Jzjr`jo ct ga., (6474) ms

ejaagfjrgtmjo wmt` pgrtocrs. G ijrcljst fgrrmcr tj t`c mlpaclcotgtmjo ji

moojvgtmjos ms t`c bmsejotmoujus gob irgnlcotcb ogturc ji t`c ejostruetmjo

mobustry rcejnomscb fy t`c survcy rcsuats bcljostrgtcb mo Imnurc 6.9. Rj

trgospjsc t`ms fgrrmcr ejaagfjrgtmjo gljonst pgrtocrs wjuab bcvcajp syocrny

fctwcco stgkc`jabcrs gob cogfac t`c s`grmon ji moijrlgtmjo t`us igemamtgtmon g

ljrc lgturc usgnc ji FML. Fagysc gob Lgoacy (6442) lgmotgmos g ejlpgrgfac

stgoec eagmlmon ejaagfjrgtmvc wjrkmon gttmtubcs wmaa gbvgoec g ljrc `grljomjus

wjrkmon covmrjolcot gljonst stgkc`jabcrs ejoscqucotay gaajwmon ijr mlprjvcb

acvcas ji trgosicrrmon moijrlgtmjo.

Imnurc 6.>8 Vgokcb cogfacrs tj moojvgtmjo mlpaclcotgtmjo. Ujurec8 (Jzjr`jo ct ga.,

6474)


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R`c mlpaclcotgtmjo ji moojvgtmjos `gfmtugaay rcqumrcs t`c cbuegtmjo gob

trgmomon ji pcrsjooca tj t`c ocw prjecsscs gob lct`jbs ji wjrk, tj bcvcajp

motcroga rcgbmocss gob stmluagtc go jrngomsgtmjos wmaamonocss tj e`gonc. R`ms

igemamtgtjr wgs rgokcb gs t`c 3t` ljst ciicetmvc fy Jzjr`jos ct ga., (6474)

survcy rcsuats. Mt ms prjpjscb strjon acgbcrs`mp mo ejllmttmon tj FML trgmomon

gob g suppjrtmvc wjrkmon covmrjolcot ji t`jsc movjavcb mo trgmomon wjuab fc

csscotmga igemamtgtjrs tj jptmlmzc gob lgkc ciicetmvc t`c trgmomon ji ocw

prjecsscs.

Grgymem ct ga., (644=) vmcws jo t`c igemamtgtjrs tj FML gbjptmjo grc ejoeurrcot

wmt` prcvmjusay cvgaugtcb amtcrgturc mo bcimomon, g suppjrtmvc jrngomsgtmjoga

euaturc gs go csscotmga igetjr tj jrngomsgtmjos mlpaclcotmon FML. Mt ms prjpjscb

go jrngomsgtmjoga euaturc t`gt ms wmaamon tj gbgpt tj ocw, prjecsscs,

tceòjajnmcs, gob wjrk prgetmecs ijrluagtcs g strjon fgsms mo w`me` FML

mlpaclcotgtmjo ms igemamtgtcb.

Gbbmtmjogaay bcsermfcb gs g iuobglcotga igemamtgtjr tj FML gbjptmjo fy Grgymem ct

ga., (644=) ms moijrlgtmjo lgognclcot, t`ms igemamtgtjr rcagtcs tj t`c ejaacetmjo

gob bmstrmfutmjo ji moijrlgtmjo tj rcacvgot stgkc`jabcrs, `mnàmn`tmon

ejlpgrgfmamty tj ejaagfjrgtmvc wjrkmon igemamtgtjr stgtcb fy Jzjr`jos ct ga.,

(6474).

Grgymem ct ga., (644=) stgtcs mt ms csscotmga tj FML mlpaclcotgtmjo pcrsjooca

giicetcb fy t`c mlpaclcotgtmjo ji ocw prjecsscs grc cbuegtcb wmt` fcst

prgetmec, t`ms igemamtgtjr wjuab bcvcajp t`c rcqumrcb motcroga rcgbmocss ji go

jrngomsgtmjo fut prmoempgaay g suppjrtmvc jrngomsgtmjoga euaturc ms eruemga tj

cosurc t`jsc cbuegtcb grc wmaamon tj gbjpt t`c ocw prjecsscs. Mo geejrbgoec

wmt` Jzjr`jos ct ga., (6474) mt ms prjpjscb trgmomon gamnocb wmt` t`c suppjrtmvc

jrngomsgtmjoga euaturc wjuab `grocss gob jptmlmzc mts pjsmtmvc ciicets.

Grgymem ct ga., (644=) ejoeaubmon igemamtgtjr rcicrs tj t`c prjvmsmjo ji stgobgrbmscb

systcls ji wjrk, w`me` ego cogfac gbjptmjo t`rjun` jrngomsgtmjos `gvmon

numbgoec jo t`c gppamegtmjo ji FML prjecsscs tùs camlmogtmon glfmnumty ji FML

utmamsgtmjo stgtcb gs g fgrrmcr fy Cgstlgo (6477).


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Mt ms eacgr irjl t`c amtcrgturc rcvmcwcb t`crcs g ejoscosus ji vmcws rcngrbmon

t`c jptmlga igemamtgtjrs tj t`c mlpaclcotgtmjo ji FML, ejosmstmon ji acgbcrs`mp,

suppjrtmvc wjrk covmrjolcot, ejaagfjrgtmjo wmt` pgrtocrs, cbuegtmjo gob

trgmomon gob moijrlgtmjo lgognclcot. Acgbcrs`mp ms ejlprc`cosmvcay

geercbmtcb gs g igemamtgtjr t`rjun` w`me` FML mlpaclcotgtmjo ms momtmgtcb gob

lgogncb. ^mt` rcicrcoec tj t`c FML irglcwjrk, strjon acgbcrs`mp wjuab fc g

smnomimegot igetjr mo gaa 9 ejlpjocots gs cxmstmon systcls ji wjrk gob

prjecsscs grc e`goncb, ocecssmtgtmon bmrcetmjo gob njvcrogoec wmt`mo go

jrngomsgtmjo. Ejoeurrcot wmt` acgbcrs`mp g suppjrtmvc wjrk covmrjolcot wjuab

fc go csscotmga igemamtgtjr tj t`c 9 ejlpjocots stgtcb mo t`c irglcwjrk, tj

jptmlmsc t`c gbjptmjo ji ocw prjecsscs gob bcemsmjo lgkmon rcqumrcs fgekmon

ji go jrngomsgtmjos wjrk ijrec. Ejaagfjrgtmjo wmt` pgrtocrs ms ecotrga tj FMLs

ct`js ji motcrjpcrgfmamty, gppaymon t`ms igemamtgtjr wjuab prjvmbc nrcgtcr acvcas ji

ej`csmjo fctwcco stgkc`jabcrs gob igemamtgtc FML gbjptmjo. Cbuegtmjo gob

trgmomon wgs cstgfams`cb gs prmoempga tj t`c FML gbjptmjo ejlpjocots, mt ms

prjpjscb mo t`c amtcrgturc rcvmcwcb t`ms igemamtgtjr wjuab moercgsc motcroga

rcgbmocss tj gbjpt FML prjecsscs. R`c prjvmsmjo ji moijrlgtmjo lgognclcot ms

gttrmfutcb tj igemamtgtmon FML gbjptmjo t`rjun` cogfamon motcrjpcrgfmamty gob

ejaagfjrgtmvc wjrkmon t`us prjljtmon t`c gbjptmjo irglcwjrks prjhcet tcgls

gob prjecsscs ejlpjocots gs fjt` ocecssmtgtc t`c trgosicr ji moijrlgtmjo gob

motcnrgtmjo ji prjhcet stgkc`jabcrs.

6.> Hustmimegtmjo ijr iurt`cr rcscgre`

R`c fgrrmcrs gob igemamtgtjrs tj t`c gbjptmjo ji ejostruetmjo moojvgtmjos gob FML

mbcotmimcb fy t`c amtcrgturc rcvmcw prcbjlmogotay ijeus jo t`c ncocrga

ejostruetmjo mobustry. Rj ge`mcvc t`c rcscgre` gml g ljrc spcemime gogaysms

rcngrbmon t`c fgrrmcrs, igemamtgtjrs gob igemamtgtmon igetjrs tj FML gbjptmjo mo t`c

SK qugotmty survcymon prjicssmjo ms rcqumrcb.


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E`gptcr 5. Lct`jbjajny

5.7 Motrjbuetmjo

R`c sejpc ji t`ms e`gptcr ms tj jutamoc t`c rcscgre` lct`jbjajny, t`c lct`jb jibgtg ejaacetmjo gob t`c tce`omqucs ji bgtg gogaysms uscb.

5.6 Jutamoc ji t`c rcscgre` lct`jbjajny

Mo jrbcr tj ge`mcvc t`c rcscgre` gml gob jfhcetmvcs t`c gut`jr `gs cvgaugtcb gaa

rcacvgot egtcnjrmcs ji bgtg ejaacetmjo gob gogaysms. Gs t`c rcscgre`

coejlpgsscs t`c rcvmcwmon gob gogaysmon ji t`c igemamtgtmon igetjrs tj FML

gbjptmjo mo t`c SK qugotmty survcymon prjicssmjo t`c usc ji ermtmega gogaysms jo

fjt` scejobgry stgtmstmega gob bcsermptmvc bgtg mo gbbmtmjo tj prmlgry motcrvmcw

bgtg ms bctcrlmocb gs t`c ljst sumtcb lct`jbjajny. Ejrtm gob R`jlpsjo

(7==0) giimrl t`ms lct`jbjajnmcs sumtgfmamty w`co t`c rcusc ji scejobgry bgtg

ijr gogaysms jiicrs g ogrrgtmvc t`gt bctgmas mssucs rcagtmon tj t`c rcscgre`crs

qucstmjo. Ljrcjvcr, Ogjul (7==0) ejovcys t`c usc ji bcsermptmvc scejobgry

bgtg cogfacs go mo-bcpt` bmseussmjo ji vmcws rcagtmon tj t`c amtcrgturcs sufhcet

ijeus, t`us prjvmbmon t`c gut`jr wmt` g vgamb fgsms jo w`me` tj ijrl ermtmega

gogayscs gob ejoeausmjos. Rj sufstgotmgtc t`c scejobgry bcsermptmvc bgtg

gogaysms imobmons irjl g pcrsjoga pcrspcetmvc, prmlgry motcrvmcw bgtg wmaa fc

utmamscb, Lcrrmgl (7==0) gbvjegtcs t`c sumtgfmamty ji motcrvmcws tj gttgmo prmlgry

bgtg w`co g rcscgre` wgots tj gogaysc vmcws irjl g pcrsjo wmt` bmrcet

movjavclcot gob cxpcrmcoecs jo t`c rcscgre` sufhcet.

5.5 Bgtg ejaacetmjo

Ucejobgry sjurecs ji bcsermptmvc bgtg wmaa fc gequmrcb irjl, fjjks,

ejostruetmjo hjurogas, mobustry rcpjrts, njvcrolcot strgtcnme rcpjrts,

ocwsacttcrs gob motcroct sjurecs. Gbbmtmjogaay scejobgry stgtmstmega bgtg wmaa fc

gttgmocb irjl jiimemga survcy stgtmstmes pufams`cb fy t`c FEMU.

Ogjul (7==0) stgtcs t`c prcbjlmogot gbvgotgncs tj scejobgry bgtg ejaacetmjo

ms t`c lmomlga cxpcobmturc ji tmlc gob ejst rcqumrcb. Buc tj t`c tmlc

ejostrgmots jo t`c rcscgre`, scejobgry bgtg ejaacetmjo wgs bcclcb t`c ljst


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icgsmfac mo prjvmbmon gbcqugtc bgtg. Iurt`crljrc, t`c gut`jr pcrecmvcs jiimemga

stgtmstmega bgtg pufams`cb fy t`c FEMU wjuab fc ljrc ejlprc`cosmvc mo qugamty

gob qugotmty tj rcprcscot t`c rcscgre` tjpme mo ejlpgrmsjo tj t`c gut`jrs

egpgfmamtmcs ji prmlgry bgtg ejaacetmjo mo t`c spcemimcb pcrmjb ijr t`c rcscgre`.

Fagmkmc (6444) stgtcs mo scejobgry bgtg gogaysms t`c rcscgre`cr lust cosurc t`c

qugamty gob gpprjprmgtcocss ji bgtg ejaacetcb, t`csc igetjrs rcagtc tj fmgs gob

rcacvgoec ji ejotcot. R`crcijrc, gs Ogjul (7==0) ejoicrs, t`c gut`jr ms

rcqumrcb tj serutmomsc ejaacetcb bgtg ijr mts rcamgfmamty tj t`c rcscgre` tjpme fcijrc

usc mo bgtg gogaysms.

Trmlgry bgtg wmaa fc jftgmocb irjl ejobuetmon go motcrvmcw wmt` go cxpcrt jo

t`c rcscgre` sufhcet lgttcr. G strueturcb motcrvmcw wgs e`jsco gs spcemime

qucstmjos wcrc gskcb rcagtmon tj grcgs ji t`c rcscgre` sufhcet t`gt

ocecssmtgtcb go mo bcpt` pcrspcetmvc irjl pcrsjooca movjavcb.

5.2 Bgtg gogaysms

R`c gogaysms ji ejaacetcb stgtmstmega gob bcsermptmvc scejobgry bgtg s`gaa utmamsc

g ermtmega gogaysms gpprjge` tj ge`mcvc t`c rcscgre` gml. G bcsermptmvc gogaysms

wmaa fc lgbc jo stgtmstmega scejobgry bgtg t`gt gmls tj `mn`amn`t grcgs t`gt

rcqumrc g ljrc ijeuscb gogaysms usmon t`c ejaagtcb bcsermptmvc scejobgry bgtg

gob prmlgry motcrvmcw bgtg.

Cxpagogtmjo fumabmon ji rcscgre` grcgs mbcotmimcb fy t`c stgtmstmega scejobgry

bgtg gogaysms wmaa fc lgbc usmon mobuetmvc gogaysms jo bcsermptmvc scejobgry

bgtg gob prmlgry motcrvmcw bgtg. R`ms gogaysms wmaa gaajw t`c gut`jr gob rcgbcr

tj ejlprc`cob clcrncot pgttcros prcscot mo t`c movcstmngtcb rcscgre` grcgs.

(Tgttjo, 6446)

R`jlgs (6445) jutamocs t`c scqucotmga gpprjge` tj mobuetmvc gogaysms8

Ejobcosmon gob amokmon ji t`c cxtcosmvc gob lmxcb tcxt motj g sullgry ji

prcvgacot ejoecpts.

Gamnomon t`c sullgrmscb pgekgncb bgtg tj t`c rcscgre` jfhcetmvcs.


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Bcvcajplcot ji go cxpagogtmjo jr t`cjry t`gt ejlfmocs t`c prjlmocot

ejoecpts ji t`c rcvmcwcb bgtg.

R`c ejobcosmon gob amokmon ji bgtg wjuab gaajw t`c gut`jr tj ejoecotrgtc jo

spcemime rcscgre` grcgs `mn`amn`tcb fy t`c bcsermptmvc gogaysms ji stgtmstmega

scejobgry bgtg. Gamnomon bgtg wmt` t`c rcscgre` jfhcetmvcs gaajws ijr g ermtmega

gogaysms ji t`c bgtg tj bctcrlmoc prcvgmamon trcobs mo t`c tcxts. R`c gut`jr mo t`c

ejoeaubmon p`gsc wmaa fumab cxpagogtmjos gob sufstgotmgtc t`cmr sufstgoec.

(R`jlgs, 6445)


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E`gptcr 2. Trcscotgtmjo gob gogaysms ji scejobgry bgtg

2.7 Motrjbuetmjo

R`ms e`gptcr momtmgaay gogayscs t`c FEMU (6477g) FML Uurvcy stgtmstmegascejobgry bgtg tj bctcrlmoc t`c eurrcot acvcas ji FML gbjptmjo gob t`c

e`grgetcrmstmes ji FML usgnc mo t`c SK qugotmty survcymon prjicssmjo. Gbbmtmjoga

gogaysms ji t`c bgtg bcimocs t`c prcvgmamon FML gbjptmjo fgrrmcrs tj qugotmty

survcymon. Uufscqucotay, scejobgry bcsermptmvc bgtg ms gogayscb tj cstgfams`

t`c igemamtgtjrs gob gssjemgtcb igemamtgtmon igetjrs tj FML gbjptmjo mo t`c SK

qugotmty survcymon prjicssmjo.

2.6 Eurrcot acvca ji gwgrcocss gob usgnc ji FML

Mo jrbcr tj bctcrlmoc t`c jptmlga igemamtgtjrs tj FML gbjptmjo wmt`mo t`c SK

qugotmty survcymon prjicssmjo t`c eurrcot usgnc gob e`grgetcrmstmes ji mts

gppamegtmjo wmaa fc cstgfams`cb tj bcimoc t`c prjicssmjos ncocrga acvca ji FML

lgturmty.

Rgfac 2.7 bctgmas t`c rcspjoscs ji Wugotmty Uurvcyjrs tj @jw wjuab yju

e`grgetcrmsc yjur imrl's usc ji FML: R`c rcsuats cxprcss 32% ji qugotmtysurvcyjrs grc eurrcotay ojt usmon FML, 72% ji ojoc uscrs cxprcsscb tj `gvmon

gwgrcocss ji FML prgetmecs. FML usgnc gljonst qugotmty survcyjrs ms 5=% yct

joay 74% ji t`csc rcspjobcots ejovcycb rcnuagr usc ji FML prjecsscs,

mobmegtmon 6=% ji usc ms wmt`mo momtmga gbjptmjo p`gscs jr ms moircqucot. (FEMU,

6477g)

Rgfac 2.78 E`grgetcrmstmes ji qugotmty survcyjrs FML usgnc. Ujurec8 (FEMU,6477g)

Imnurc 2.7 Tcrecotgncs ji qugotmty

survcyjr FML usgnc (FEMU,6477g)


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Rgfac 2.6 bcljostrgtcs t`c ircqucoey mo w`me` spcemime FML getmvmtmcs grc uscb.

R`c rcsuats s`jw FML usgnc vcry jitco gob jitco ms 2% jo gaa getmvmtmcs.

Ojtmecgfay rcspjobcots w`j wcrc movjavcb mo FML prjhcets mo t`c agst 76

ljot`s `gvc lue` nrcgtcr ircqucoemcs mo FML usgnc, >.6% vcry jitco gob

jitco ji gaa getmvmtmcs; `jwcvcr, rcpcgtcb utmamsgtmjo ji FML ijr fjt` egtcnjrmcs ji

rcspjobcots ms ejosmbcrcb ajw. (FEMU, 6477g)

^mt` rcicrcoec tj t`c bcimomtmjos ji FML lgturmty acvcas maaustrgtcb mo Imnurc 6.5

gob t`c typc ji getmvmtmcs congncb fy qugotmty survcyjrs mo t`c survcys imobmons

mt ego bcbuecb t`gt 95.6% ji rcspjobcots grc egtcnjrmscb fy lgturmty acvca 4,

54.0% moircqucotay grc movjavcb mo acvca 7 gob 9% ircqucotay usc FML tjlgturmty acvca 7, t`c survcy bjcs ojt lgkc rcicrcoec tj 3B FML getmvmtmcs fcmon

utmamscb t`crcijrc acvca 6 ms ojt gssulcb tj fc mo ircqucot usc. (FEMU, 6477g)

R`c cvgaugtcb rcsuats `mn`amn`t t`crc ms g smnomimegot bcimemcoey mo t`c acvcas ji

iuaa FML gbjptmjo cxprcsscb mo t`c `mn` pcrecotgncs ji qugotmty survcyjrs

egtcnjrmscb gs ojoc jr moircqucot FML uscrs, smnomiymon t`c prcvgacoec ji

mlpaclcotgtmjo fgrrmcrs. R`c gut`jr wmaa t`crcijrc bctcrlmoc ciicetmvc igemamtgtmon

igetjrs tj gfrjngtc fgrrmcrs gob cogfac nrcgtcr acvcas ji gbjptmjo tj moircqucot

uscrs gob momtmgtc gbjptmjo tj ojoc uscrs. (FEMU, 6477g)

Rgfac 2.68 FML getmvmtmcs ircqucoey ji usc. Ujurec8 (FEMU, 6477g)


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2.5 Igemamtgtjrs tj FML gbjptmjo mo t`c qugotmty survcymon prjicssmjo

G ermtmega gogaysms wmaa fc bcvcajpcb jo t`c igemamtgtjrs gob t`c gssjemgtcb

igemamtgtmon igetjrs tj FML gbjptmjo wmt`mo t`c qugotmty survcymon prjicssmjo,

t`rjun` t`c cvgaugtmjo ji t`c FEMU (6477g) FML survcy imobmons prcscotcb mo

Rgfac 2.5 t`gt cxprcss t`c 724 rcspjobcots vmcws jo t`c ljst mlpjrtgot

fgrrmcrs tj t`c uptgkc ji FML. Mt ms prjpjscb t`rjun` bctcrlmomon igetjrs irjl

scejobgry gogaysms t`gt jppjsc gob crgbmegtc t`c ljst prjlmocot fgrrmcrs tj

qugotmty survcyjr FML gbjptmjo bcimocb mo t`c survcy, ciicetmvc igemamtgtjrs gob

gssjemgtcb igemamtgtmon igetjrs ego fc bcimocb. (FEMU, 6477g)

2.2 Moercgscb eamcot bclgob

R`c FEMU (6477g) survcy imobmons s`jwo mo Rgfac 2.5 bcljostrgtc agek ji

eamcot bclgob ms pcrecmvcb gs t`c ljst smnomimegot fgrrmcr tj FML gbjptmjo, R`ms

vmcw ms lutugaay gekojwacbncb fy gaa gob FML egtcnjrmcs ji rcspjobcots

rcprcscotcb mo t`c fgagoecs ejaulo. >6% ji ojoc FML uscrs uobcrstjjb t`ms

fgrrmcr tj fc vcry mlpjrtgot jr mlpjrtgot tj FML gbjptmjo, gs bmb 90% ji qugotmty

survcyjrs w`j `gvc rcecot usgnc FML.

R`c stgtcb fgrrmcrs ciicetmvcocss ms rcmoijrecb fy Ljl ct ga., (6477) irglcwjrk

ijr FML gbjptmjo w`me` bcimocs cxtcroga prcssurc gs g kcy igetjr tj FML

Rgfac 2.58 Vgokcb FML gbjptmjo fgrrmcrs. Ujurec8 (FEMU, 6477g)


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gbjptmjo gt gaa lgturmty acvcas. ^mt` ajw eamcot bclgob ijr qugotmty survcyjrs tj

utmamsc FML t`c moeamogtmjo tj lgmotgmo acvca 4 FML lct`jbs ji qugotmty survcymon

prgetmecs wmaa prcvgma gs t`crc ms oj moecotmvc irjl cxtcroga prcssurc gt

jrngomsgtmjo acvca tj ngmo ejlpctmvcocss fy gbjptmon FML prjecsscs tj sgtmsiy

eamcots bclgobs. R`c gbjptmjo irglcwjrk sunncsts pcrecmvcb fcocimts ms go

gbbmtmjoga kcy igetjr tj FML mlpaclcotgtmjo gt gaa acvcas. Go jrngomsgtmjo lgy

`gvc go gwgrcocss tj t`c fcocimts FML scrvmecs ego prjvmbcb yct gbjptmjo

rcqumrcs imogoemga gob tmlc movcstlcots gob wmt` ajw eamcot bclgob ijr t`csc

scrvmecs mt lgy fc bcclcb uoocecssgry bcspmtc t`c gbvgotgncs fcmon kojwo,

tùs suppjrtmon t`c prjlmocoec ji t`ms fgrrmcr jo t`c gbjptmjo irglcwjrk.

R`c FEMU (6477g) survcy imobmons s`jwo mo Rgfac 2.2 bcljostrgtc >3% ji FML

prjhcets qugotmty survcyjrs wcrc movjavcb mo wcrc fcegusc ji bclgob fy t`c

eamcot. Mt ms cvmbcot irjl t`c rcsuats moercgscb eamcot bclgob ijr FML `gs

smnomimegot pjtcotmga tj stmluagtmon FML usgnc gob tùs igemamtgtmon gbjptmjo.

R`c SK Njvcrolcots Ejostruetmjo Utrgtcny 6477 ms rcejnomscb gs pufame pjamey

w`me` wmaa iuobglcotgaay moercgsc t`c bclgob ji FML scrvmecs fy t`c agrncst

eamcot ji t`c ejostruetmjo mobustry. R`c Ejostruetmjo Utrgtcny gekojwacbncb

vgauc ijr ljocy ms ojt rcgamscb jo t`c SK njvcrolcots ejotrmfutmjo ji 24% tj

t`c ejostruetmjo mobustrmcs 774 fmaamjo NBT pcr gooul. R`crcijrc mt sct tj

rcbuec cxpcobmturc fy 64% t`rjun` camlmogtmon wgstc, `mnàmn`tcb gs g

iuobglcotga lct`jb mo bjmon sj wgs t`rjun` t`c gppamegtmjo ji iuaay

ejaagfjrgtmvc FML acvca 6, wmt` gaa prjhcet gob gssct moijrlgtmjo, bjeulcotgtmjo

gob bgtg fcmon cacetrjome gs g lmomlul fy 6479. (Egfmoct Jiimec, 6477. T.72)

Acvca 6 FML wmaa fc bclgobcb fy gaa > njvcrolcot bmvmsmjos t`gt prjeurc

ejostruetmjo scrvmecs wmt` oj lmomlul vgauc spcemimcb ijr prjhcets rcqumrmon

FML scrvmecs, w`me` moeaubcs FML cogfacb qugotmty survcymon prgetmecs gob

gspcets ji 3B FML. R`c `mn` acvca ji cxtcroga prcssurc ncocrgtcb fy t`ms pufame

pjamey ejuab `gvc g prjijuob igemamtgtmon moiaucoec jo t`c lghjrmty ji qugotmty

Rgfac 2.28 Eamcots bclgob ijr FML usgnc. Ujurec8 (FEMU, 6477g)


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survcyjrs t`gt eurrcotay usc acvca 4 FML gs t`cy wmaa fc stmluagtcb tj ngmo

gwgrcocss gob gbjpt FML mi t`cy wms` tj ngmo jr lgmotgmo pufame scetjr wjrk

gob ejoscqucotay rclgmo ejlpctmtmvc, iurt`crljrc qugotmty survcyjrs t`gt `gvc

ircqucot jr moircqucot usc ji acvca 7 FML wmaa scck tj ngmo iurt`cr gbjptmjo tj

rclgmo gppamegfac ijr pufame scetjr prjhcets. ^mt` rcicrcoec tj Ljl ct ga.,

(6477) gbjptmjo irglcwjrk, Jrngomzgtmjos gob Fusmocss Ljbca ejlpjocots

rcqumrc s`mits mo go jrngomsgtmjos gpprjge` tj geejlljbgtc FML usgnc, t`ms

ejuab fc stmluagtcb buc tj t`c cxtcroga prcssurc gs g rcsuat ji eamcot bclgob.

Iurt`crljrc t`c pcrecmvcb fcocimts gbjptmjo igetjr ms prcempmtgtcb t`rjun`

qugotmty survcyjrs rcejnomsmon t`c pjtcotmga ji fcmon ejlpctmtmvc ijr pufame

scetjr prjhcets t`rjun` FML gbjptmjo. (FML Rgsk Nrjup, 6477) (Egfmoct Jiimec,

6477)

R`c SK Njvcrolcots strgtcny sccks tj getmvcay e`gaacocnc fusmocss ljbcas

gob prgetmecs gt mobustry acvca t`rjun` g pus` puaa strgtcnme pago, puaa rcagtcs

tj t`c njvcrolcot gs g eamcot spcemiymon t`c rcqumrclcots ji spcemime moijrlgtmjo

bgtg scts tj fc prjvmbcb fy t`c suppay e`gmo t`rjun`jut g prjhcets ejostruetmjo

gob jpcrgtmjo. R`rjun` spcemiymon t`c moijrlgtmjo bgtg rcqumrcb ijr cge`

prjhcet, jrngomsgtmjos wmaa fc ljtmvgtcb tj mlpaclcot FML cogfacb prjecsscst`gt ego suppay t`ms bgtg mo jrbcr tj ejoijrl wmt` eamcot bclgobs. Ejoscqucotay

igemamtgtmon t`c Gppamegtmjos gob Rjjas ejlpjocots ji Ljl ct ga., (6477)

gbjptmjo irglcwjrk w`me` rcqumrcs go jrngomsgtmjo tj bcimoc jfhcetmvcs gob

bcamvcrgfacs irjl FML prjecsscs mo gbbmtmjo tj t`c tce`ojajnmcs t`gt wmaa

ge`mcvc t`cl, t`csc ego fc tgmajrcb mo gamnolcot wmt` t`c njvcrolcots bgtg sct

rcqumrclcots. R`c puaa strgtcny wmaa ciicetmvcay moiaucoec t`c gbjptmjo ji FML

prjecsscs wmt`mo t`c qugotmty survcymon prjicssmjo mi t`c eamcots bgtg sct rcqumrc

qugotmty survcymon FML prjecsscs, t`ms ms cvmbcotay fcmon prjpjscb gs 5B FML

ljbca qugotmimegtmjo gob gspcets ji 3B FML grc moejrpjrgtcb gt acvca 6 FML.

R`c getmjos ji t`c SK Njvcrolcots mo jfamngtmon fcst prgetmec gs g eamcot grc mo

ejoeurrcoec wmt` t`c rcejllcobgtmjos sct fy Agt`gl (7==2) w`me`

gekojwacbncb t`c Njvcrolcot s`juab pagy g rjac mo igemamtgtmon mlprjvcb

ejostruetmjo prjecsscs. (Egfmoct Jiimec, 6477) (FML Rgsk Nrjup, 6477)


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R`c Umongpjrc Njvcrolcots Ejostruetmjo gob Vcga Cstgtc Octwjrk ms go

cxglpac ji pufame pjamey stmluagtmon eamcot bclgob gob t`us igemamtgtmon FML

gbjptmjo. Lgobgtjry FML rcqumrclcots wcrc spcemimcb ijr gaa ocw pufame scetjr

ejostruetmjo prjhcets cxeccbmon 64,444l fy 6475 gob prjhcets cxeccbmon

3,444l ijr 6473, t`ms njvcrolcot strgtcny ms gekojwacbncb tj `gvc

smnomimegotay suppjrtcb t`c moercgsc ji FML gbjptmjo gljonst imrls irjl 74% mo

6440 tj 63-54% mo 6477, t`us rcmoijremon t`c ciicetmvcocss ji moercgscb eamcot

bclgob t`rjun` pufame scetjr acgbcrs`mp fcmon g igemamtgtjr tj qugotmty

survcymon FML gbjptmjo. Ljrcjvcr, Jzjr`jo ct ga., (6474 bcimocb acgbcrs`mp gs

t`c jptmlga igemamtgtjr tj t`c mlpaclcotgtmjo ji ejostrmetmjo moojvgtmjos, mt ms

jfvmjus t`c pufame scetjr ms cxceutmon t`ms igemamtgtjr mo prjljtmon g njvcrolcot

se`clc w`me` wmaa cogfac gbjptmjo gob iurt`crljrc mtaa rcqumrc qugotmty

survcyjrs tj s`jw acgbcrs`mp mo rcspjobmon tj t`c moercgscb eamcot bclgob gob

gbjpt FML. (fumabmonULGVR, 6477)

2.3 R`c gppamegtmjo ji motcrigecs fctwcco FML gob 5rb pgrty gppamegtmjos

R`c agek ji gppamegtmjo motcrigecs fctwcco FML gob 5rb pgrty gppamegtmjos wgs

gekojwacbncb mo t`c FEMU (6477g) survcy bcljostrgtcb mo Rgfac 2.5 gs t`c

6ob ljst prjlmocot fgrrmcr tj FML gbjptmjo fy qugotmty survcyjrs wmt` rcecot

FML usgnc gob t`c 5rb fy qugotmty survcyjrs wmt` oj FML usgnc, wmt` fgagoecs

ji 33% gob 2=% rcspcetmvcay.

Wugotmty survcymon FML getmvmtmcs rcqumrc t`c cxtrgetmon ji bgtg irjl ljbcas ijr

usc mo spcemime qugotmty survcymon FML sjitwgrc jr trgbmtmjoga sprcgbs`cct

ijrls. Bmstmonums`gfac lct`jbs ji FML fgscb qugotmty survcymon getmvmtmcs grc

rcejnomscb fy Cgstlgo (6477)8

FML ljbca bgtg ms cxpjrtcb tj g sprcgbs`cct ejotgmomon ljbca ejlpjocot

qugotmtmcs gob bcsermptmjos, gob ejsts grc gssjemgtcb tj ljbca mtcls tj

prjvmbc go cstmlgtc. (Cgstlgo, 6477)

Bcljostrgtcb mo Imnurc 2.6 FML ljbca bgtg ms mlpjrtcb tj g 5rb pgrty FML

qugotmty tgkc jii tjja t`rjun` g bmnmtga amok. Wugotmtmcs grc cxtrgetcb usmon

t`c tgkc jii sjitwgrc, gob ljbca ejlpjocots qugotmtmcs gamnocb wmt` ejst

cstmlgtcs tj ijrl go cstmlgtmjo ji t`c 5B FML ljbca. (Cgstlgo, 6477)


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Bmrcet bmnmtga amokmon ji g ljbca mo 5B FML sjitwgrc tj g 5 rb pgrty gppamegtmjo

ijr cstmlgtmon jr 2B FML ljbcaamon, ejlpjocots grc rcejnomscb gob bmrcetay

gamnocb tj cstmlgtc ejsts mo g bgtgfgsc wmt` lgte`mon bcsermptmjos,

iurt`crljrc se`cbuamon bgtg mo 2B FML ms bmrcetay amokcb tj ejst bgtg tj ijrl

g 3B FML ljbca. (Cgstlgo, 6477) (Ulmt` gob Rgrbmi, 644=)

R`c rcqumrclcot ijr t`c bcsermfcb qugotmty survcymon FML prjecsscs tj fc

cxpjrtcb t`rjun` bmnmtga amoks gob uscb mo 5rb pgrty gppamegtmjos cxclpamimcs t`c

occb ijr motcrjpcrgfmamty ji bgtg trgosicr fctwcco ljbca fgscb FML sjitwgrc

gob 5rb pgrty gppamegtmjos, t`ms wjuab rcljvc t`c stgtcb fgrrmcr gob get gs g

igemamtgtjr tj FML usgnc gob gbjptmjo.

R`c igemamtgtmjo ji motcrjpcrgfmamty fctwcco FML ljbcas gob 5rb pgrty

gppamegtmjos `gs fcco suppjrtcb fy fumabmonULGVRs bcvcajplcot ji Mobustry

Ijuobgtmjo Eagsscs (MIE) go jpco stgobgrb imac ijrlgt w`me` ms prjpjscb gs g

igemamtgtmon igetjr tj FML gbjptmjo. MIE ms ojt spcemime tj g smonac FML gppamegtmjo

mts ejlljo bgtg se`clc gaajws ijr go cxe`gonc ji moijrlgtmjo ejotgmocb mo

FML ljbcas tjj vgrmjus FML sjitwgrc gob 5rb pgrty gppamegtmjos. Imnurc 2.5

maaustrgtcs `jw MIE jpco stgobgrb ijrlgt igemamtgtcs qugotmty survcyjrs

prjbuemon ejst cstmlgtcs irjl FML moijrlgtmjo prjvmbcb fy t`c suppay e`gmo.

R`rcc 5B FML ljbcas ejosmstmon ji gre`mtceturga, LCT gob strueturga bgtg grc

Imnurc 2.68 FML cstmlgtmon prjecss, Ujurec8 Cgstlgo (6477)


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prjvmbcb irjl t`rcc scpgrgtc FML cogfacb sjitwgrc yct gaa trgosicrrcb usmon t`c

.mie imac cxtcosmjo ijr cstmlgtmjo mo qugotmty survcymon 5 rb pgrty gppamegtmjos.

(fumabmonULGVR, 6476) (OFU, 6476f) (Cgstlgo, 6440)

R`c MIE imac cxtcosmjo gbbmtmjoga igemamtgtcs t`c cxpjrtmon ji FML ljbca bgtg tj

wcf gob sprcgbs`cct gppamegtmjos t`rjun` t`c ijrl ji .xla imacs, t`ms

gbbmtmjogaay gaajws ijr trgbmtmjoga lct`jbs ji qugotmty survcymon getmvmtmcs tj fc

pcrijrlcb usmon ljbca bgtg. Cgstlgo (6477) stgtcs Lmerjsjit Cxeca rclgmos

t`c ljst ircqucotay uscb 5rb pgrty gppamegtmjo tùs t`c MIEs .xla imac ijrlgt

prjvmbcs motcrjpcrgfmamty fcocimts tj t`c lghjrmty ji qugotmty survcyjrs.

(fumabmonULGVR, 6476) (OFU, 6476f)

R`c MIE stgobgrb imac ijrlgt ms mo t`c prjecss ji fcmon geercbmtcb gs t`c

motcrogtmjoga stgobgrb MUJ/MU79>5= ijr jpco FML, t`c rcejnomtmjo ji t`ms imac

s`grmon stgobgrb wmaa coejurgnc nrcgtcr gbjptmjo fy FML vcobjrs gob 5rb pgrty

gppamegtmjo, tùs stmluagtmon t`c pcrecmvcb fcocimts ji FML mlpaclcotgtmjo ijr

qugotmty survcyjrs. Utgobgrmscb imac ijrlgts `gvc t`c pjtcotmga tj lgkc g

prjijuob pjsmtmvc moiaucoec jo t`c Ljl ct ga., (6477) gbjptmjo irglcwjrk

ejlpjocots. MIE fcmon gssmnocb t`c motcrogtmjoga stgobgrb wmaa ciicet t`c Rjjas

ejlpjocot gs qugotmty survcyjrs ejuab movcst mo FML cogfacb tceòjajny t`gt

Imnurc 2.58 MIE motcrjpcrgfmamty, Ujurec8 Gbgptcb irjl, Tgte`caa (6477)


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lgte`cs eamcot bclgob wmt`jut rmsk ji mt fcmon mojpcrgfac wmt` prjhcet

stgkc`jabcrs imacs. R`c Trjhcet Rcgls ejlpjocot mo t`c gbjptmjo irglcwjrk

wjuab fc gbvgoecb t`rjun` moercgscb acvcas ji motcnrgtmjo wmt` stgkc`jabcrs gs

g rcsuat ji jpco FML egpgfmamtmcs prjvmbmon motcrjpcrgfmamty ji bgtg. R`c jpco

stgobgrb imac ijrlgt igemamtgtcs t`c bcvcajplcot ji t`c Trjecsscs ejlpjocot gs

FML fgscb wjrkiajws fctwcco gppamegtmjos ego fc bcimocb gob pcrijrlcb wmt`

MIE cogfamon jpco FML bgtg trgosicr. (fumabmonULGVR, 6476)

2.9 FML trgmomon/cbuegtmjo

Bcljostrgtcb mo Rgfac 2.5 agek ji trgmomon gob cbuegtmjo wgs pcrecmvcb fy

ojoc FML usmon qugotmty survcyjrs gs t`c 6ob ljst prcvgacot fgrrmcr tj gbjptmjo

wmt` 93% ji t`c fgagoec gob g 32% fgagoec fy qugotmty survcyjrs wmt` FML

usgnc mo t`c agst 76 ljot`s rgokmon t`c mlpjrtgoec ji t`ms fgrrmcr 5 rb t`us

ijrlmon g ejoscosus tj t`c rcsmamcoec ji t`ms fgrrmcr. (FEMU, 6477g)

^mt` rcicrcoec tj Ljl ct ga., (6477) FML gbjptmjo irglcwjrk mt ms cvmbcot

qugotmty survcyjrs agekmon trgmomon wjuab smnomimegotay rcstrgmo t`c motcroga

rcgbmocss igetjr gt cge` acvca ji FML gbjptmjo. Ijr qugotmty survcyjrs tj gbjpt

goy lgturmty acvca ji FML t`cy rcqumrc gbhustlcots tj cxmstmon prjecsscs,gppamegtmjos gob wjrk covmrjolcots, g agek ji trgmomon wjuab rcsuat mo

mosuiimemcot kojwacbnc gob skmaas tj gbjpt sue` e`goncs. Ejoscqucotay, mt ego

fc bcbuecb trgmomon ms go csscotmga igemamtgtjr tj t`c gbjptmjo ji FML, mo

geejrbgoec wmt` t`c imobmons ji Jagtuohm (6477) w`j rcejnomscs t`c cbuegtmjo ji

FML prjecsscs ms g vmtgaay mlpjrtgot igetjr tj t`c gbjptmjo ji FML gt goy acvca.

(FEMU, 6477g)

@gvmon cstgfams`cb trgmomon/cbuegtmjo ms go csscotmga igemamtgtjr tj FML gbjptmjo

mt ms smnomimegot t`c FEMU (6477g) survcy rcpjrtcb 2% ji qugotmty survcyjrs

movcst rcnuagray mo FML trgmomon, w`me` ms prjijuobay ajwcr t`go t`c 32% ji ojoc

FML uscrs gob 34% ji rcecot FML uscrs cxprcssmon motcrcst mo FML trgmomon

s`jwo mo Rgfac 2.3 gob Imnurcs 2.2g gob 2.2f. Ljrcjvcr, t`crc ms g lutuga

pcrecptmjo gljonst t`c lghjrmty ji fjt` FML uscrs gob ojoc FML uscrs t`gt

Gbjptmon FML cotgmas g sufstgotmga movcstlcot mo trgmomon wmt` 96% gob 97%

rcspcetmvcay gnrccmon strjonay jr gnrccmon tj t`ms stgtclcot, maaustrgtcb mo


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Imnurcs 2.3 g gob 2.3f. Irjl cvgaugtmon t`csc rcsuats mt ego fc ejostrucb t`crc

ms g `mn` motcrcstcb mo FML trgmomon yct t`crc ms eurrcotay ajw movcstlcot gob g

prcvgmamon pcrecptmjo t`c prjecss ms g sufstgotmga movcstlcot, t`crcijrc

igemamtgtmon igetjrs lust fc bctcrlmocb w`me` wmaa stmluagtc movcstlcot gob

pgrtmempgtmjo mo FML trgmomon, t`gt ejoscqucotay cogfacs t`c gbjptmjo ji FML.

(FEMU, 6477g)

Imnurc 2.2 g8 Gaa WU rcspjoscs Imnurc 2.2 f8 FML WU rcspjoscs .

Ujurec8 FEMU 6477g

Imnurc 2.3 g8 Gaa WU rcspjoscs Imnurc 2.3 f8 FML WU rcspjoscs.

Ujurec8 (FEMU, 6477g)

Rgfac 2.38 Wugotmty survcyjrs motcrcst mo FML trgmomon. Ujurec8 (FEMU, 6477g)

Imnurc 2.28 Wugotmty survcyjrs motcrcst mo FML trgmomon. Ujurec8 (FEMU, 6477g)

Imnurc 2.38 Gbjptmjo ji FML rcqumrcs sufstgotmga movcstlcot rcspjoscs.

Ujurec8 (FEMU, 6477g)


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Rj cstgfams` t`c igemamtgtmon igetjrs tj qugotmty survcyjrs movcstmon mo FML

trgmomon g bcsermptmvc gogaysms ji Lgt`cws (6477) FML Rgsk Nrjups skmaas

mlpaclcotgtmjo ljbca wmaa fc ijrlcb. Maaustrgtcb mo Imnurc 2.9 t`c

mlpaclcotgtmjo ljbca wgs bcvcajpcb mo gaamgoec wmt` t`c SK Njvcrolcot

Ejostruetmjo Utrgtcny 6477 tj cogfac trgmomon ji FML.

R`c momtmga p`gsc ji t`c skmaas mlpaclcotgtmjo ljbca ms Bclgob, t`ms ms

stmluagtcb fy t`c eamcots bclgob ijr FML rcqumrclcots, gs sct jut mo t`c

prcvmjusay bmseusscb Tuaa strgtcny, bclgob ego fc gekojwacbncb gs g

stmluaus t`gt momtmgtcs qugotmty survcyjrs mo trgmomon, tj rcbuec t`c ngp fctwcco

eurrcot FML skmaas gob t`jsc fcmon bclgobcb.(FML Rgsk Nrjup,6477)

R`c scejobgry p`gsc ms Bcimoc, t`c momtmga jutput ji t`ms stgnc ms tj cxprcss t`c

FML cbuegtmjo gob trgmomon skmaas rcqumrcb tj sgtmsiy t`c acgromon ngp. R`c

Njvcrolcot Ejostruetmjo Utrgtcny jutamocb t`c pus` systcl w`me` movjavcs

qugotmty survcyjrs gamnomon eamcots bclgob wmt` t`c ejrrcet pgekgncs ji

moijrlgtmjo rcngrbmon prjbuets, stgobgrbs, numbcs gob trgmomon rcqumrcb tj

Imnurc 2.98 FML skmaas mlpaclcotgtmjo ljbca. Ujurec8 (Lgt`cws,6477)


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gb`crc wmt` FML lgturmty acvca 6 rcqumrclcots sct fy t`c eamcot bclgobs mo t`c

puaa strgtcny. Iurt`crljrc wmt`mo t`c Bcimoc p`gsc geercbmtcb fjbmcs (VMEU)

grc mbcotmimcb gs kcy prjvmbcrs ji numbgoec rcagtmon tj gpprjprmgtc skmaas gob

trgmomon ijr t`c gppamegtmjo ji FML.(FML Rgsk Nrjup,6477) (Lgt`cws,6477)

R`c Bcamvcry p`gsc prjpjscs trgmomon s`juab fc suppaclcotcb t`rjun` g

`yfrmb gpprjge`, momtmgaay irjl prjicssmjoga mostmtutcs (VMEU) w`j grc cxpcetcb

tj prjvmbc numbgoec jo bcvcajpcb stgobgrbs gob fcst prgetmec gob ajon tcrl

bcvcajplcot t`rjun` t`c cxpcrtmsc prjvmbcb fy `mn`cr cbuegtmjo mostmtutcs.

Ljrcjvcr, prmvgtc trgmomon ms mobjrscb ijr s`jrt tcrl FML bcvcajplcot. R`c

FEMU (6477g) survcy rcpjrt bcljostrgtcb mo Rgfac 2.9 `mn`amn`ts >3% ji gaa

qugotmty survcyjrs wgot VMEU tj prjvmbc numbgoec jo FML usgnc. Vcspjobcots

rgokcb VMEU suppjrt ijr FML trgmomon scejob wmt` 2=% ji qugotmty survcyjrs

suppjrtmon t`ms scrvmec, gat`jun` t`ms ms fcaajw t`c lghjrmty ji vjtcs mt sunncsts

t`crc ms g smnomimegot oulfcr ji qugotmty survcyjrs w`j cxprcss suppjrt mo t`c

VMEU prjvmbmon trgmomon. R`c survcy rcsuats gbvjegtc t`crc ms bclgob ijr VMEU

tj bcamvcr FML numbgoec w`me` ms spcemimcb gs g rcqumrclcot uobcr Lgt`cws

(6477) FML Rgsk Nrjup mlpaclcotgtmjo ljbca, t`us clp`gsmzmon t`c bclgob

gob mlpjrtgoec ji VMEU tj get gs g igemamtgtmon igetjr tj FML gbjptmjo t`rjun`t`c numbgoec gob cbuegtmjo ji qugotmty survcymon FML prjecsscs. (FEMU,

6477f) (Lgt`cws,6477)

^mt` rcicrcoec tj t`c amtcrgturc gob survcy rcsuats gogayscb mt ms prjpjscb t`c

stmluaus ijr qugotmty survcyjrs tj momtmgtc FML trgmomon ms irjl eamcot bclgob, g

smnomimegot igetjr tj t`c ciicetmvcocss ji t`ms bclgob ms acgbcrs`mp irjl qugotmty

survcyjrs tj rcspjob gob movcst mo trgmomon. R`c skmaas mlpaclcotgtmjo ljbca

Rgfac 2.98 Uuppjrt ijr pjssmfac VMEU FML getmjos. Ujurec8 (FEMU, 6477g)


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`mnàmn`ts t`c SK Njvcrolcot, t`c VMEU gob mobustry cxpcrts grc rcqumrcb tj

prjvmbc numbgoec jo ocecssgry trgmomon. Ljrcjvcr, prmvgtc trgmomon prjvmbcrs,

VMEU gob `mn`cr cbuegtmjo mostmtutcs grc g iuobglcotga trgmomon rcsjurec tj

bcamvcr t`c trgmomon ji qugotmty survcymon FML prjecsscs. R`c prjpjscb ciicets

ji trgmomon jo t`c Ljl ct ga., (6477) irglcwjrk ms moercgscb acvcas ji motcroga

rcgbmocss, w`me` `gs g prjijuob moiaucoec jo t`c ljbcas ejlpjocots. Rrgmomon

wmaa igemamtgtc t`c rcqumrcb s`mit mo Jrngomzgtmjos euaturc ji wjrk gs qugotmty

survcyjrs wmt` FML kojwacbnc gob gwgrcocss ejuab fc pcrecmvcb gs ljrc

wmaamon tj gbjpt tj e`gonc. Ukmaas gequmrcb t`rjun` trgmomon wjuab jptmlmzc t`c

mlpaclcotgtmjo ji FML cogfacb tceòjajnmcs rcqumrcb mo t`c Rjjas ejlpjocot.

R`c kojwacbnc ngmocb irjl t`c trgmomon mo FML prjecsscs mo usc ji jt`cr

bmsempamocs ljbcas jr bgtg `gs t`c pjtcotmga tj mlprjvc t`c gppamegtmjo ji

motcrjpcrgfmamty fctwcco prjhcet stgkc`jabcrs, tùs igemamtgtmon t`c Trjhcet

Rcgls ejlpjocot. ^jrkiajws gob FML prjecburcs grc mlpaclcotcb mo t`c

Trjecsscs ejlpjocot, qugotmty survcyjrs wmt` FML cbuegtmjo wjuab fc ljrc

ciicetmvc mo t`c gppamegtmjo ji FML prjecsscs tùs cogfamon ljrc lgturc acvcas

ji mlpaclcotgtmjo.

R`c igemamtgtmon igetjrs ji trgmomon bmseusscb `gvc t`c pjtcotmga tj cogfac nrcgtcrlgturmty acvcas ji gbjptmjo tj t`c 74% ji ircqucot FML uscrs, t`rjun` t`c

prjvmsmjo ji trgmomon mo t`c gppamegtmjo ji gbvgoecb acvcas ji FML. R`c 54.0% ji

moircqucot FML uscrs wjuab gequmrc kojwacbnc jo `jw tj moercgsc t`c

rcnuagrmty gob ciicetmvcocss ji FML prjecsscs eurrcotay fcmon uscb mo gbbmtmjo

tj t`c gbjptmjo ji ljrc lgturc FML gppamegtmjos. Rrgmomon wjuab cogfac t`c

momtmga mlpaclcotgtmjo ji FML tj t`c 95.6% ji ojoc uscrs t`rjun` pcrecmvcb

fcocimts ngmocb irjl go gwgrcocss ji FML prjecsscs, iurt`crljrc motcroga

rcgbmocss wjuab fc mlprjvcb gs kojwacbnc ms gequmrcb gob bmiiuscb motj go

jrngomsgtmjo. (FML Rgsk Nrjup, 6477) (FEMU, 6477f) (Jzjr`jos ct ga., 6474)

2.> FML jrmcotgtcb stgobgrbs

R`c agek ji FML stgobgrbs ms rcejnomscb gs t`c 2 t` ljst prjlmocot fgrrmcr tj

gbjptmjo fy fjt` egtcnjrmcs ji rcspjobcots s`jwo mo Rgfac 2.5. R`c fgagoec ji

5=% ijr fjt` ojoc usmon gob usmon FML qugotmty survcyjrs wgs cstgfams`cb.

(FEMU, 6477g)


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^mt` rcicrcoec tj t`c imobmons ji t`c amtcrgturc rcvmcw Cgstlgo (6477) mo gaamgoec

wmt` t`c survcy imobmons gekojwacbcs t`c agek ji stgobgrbs ji FML prjecsscs

gets gs g fgrrmcr tj ncocrga gbjptmjo. Ljrcjvcr, Grgymem ct ga., (644=)

rcejnomscs t`c mlpaclcotgtmjo gob usc ji stgobgrbmscb FML prjecsscs cogfacs

nrcgtcr luatm-bmsempamogry FML usgnc wmt` ejosmstcot moputs gob jutputs, w`me`

suppjrts ejaagfjrgtmvc wjrk gob t`us igemamtgtcs t`c gbjptmjo ji nrcgtcr FML

lgturmty acvcas gob t`c ircqucoey ji mts usgnc. Utgobgrbs prjvmbmon g ejosmstcot

gpprjge` tj FML prjecsscs mo geejrbgoec wmt` cxmstmon lct`jbs wmaa `gvc go

moiaucotmga igetjr jo ojoc uscrs tj gbjpt FML gs pcrecmvcb fcocimts ji FML

gbjptmjo wjuab fcejlc gppgrcot. (FEMU, 6477g)

Wugotmty survcymon FML getmvmtmcs grc cogfacb t`rjun` t`c pgrglctrme

motcaamncoec ji jfhcets wmt`mo g FML t`gt `gvc gttge`cb spcemimegtmjos gob

qugotmtmcs, t`c FML Hjuroga (644=) stgtcs tj qugotmiy t`csc jfhcets g

ejostruetmjo lct`jbjajny t`gt gamnos wmt` g stgobgrb lct`jbs ji lcgsurclcot

lust fc uscb. R`ms cxprcsscs t`c rcqumrclcots ijr FML jutputs tj fc mo

geejrbgoec wmt` t`c stgobgrbs spcemimcb mo VMEU OVL ijr fjt` qugotmtmcs gob

mtcl bcsermptmjos tj cosurc FML prgetmecs grc `grljomzcb wmt` cxmstmon

stgobgrbs wmt`mo t`c SK qugotmty survcymon prjicssmjo. Jagtuohm ct ga., (6474)rcmoijrecs t`ms ojtmjo stgtmon, ijr FML qugotmty survcymon getmvmtmcs tj fc cogfacb

gob gbjptmjo igemamtgtcb t`crc ms g prcrcqumsmtc ijr FML jutput bgtg tj fc imatcrcb

mo ejlpamgoec wmt` t`c ruacs prcsermfcb fy stgobgrb lct`jb ji lcgsurclcot. Mo

gbbmtmjo, mt ms gasj bctcrlmocb FML ljbcaamon lct`jbjajnmcs s`juab fc

stgobgrbmscb tj cosurc ejosmstcoey ji bgtg moput gob jutput.

R`c @jon Kjon @jusmon Gut`jrmty (@K@G) pufame `jusmon FML pmajt se`clc

cxpcrmcoecb t`c bcimemcoey ji FML stgobgrbs rcngrbmon lct`jbs ji ljbcaamon

gob cxtrgetmon qugotmtmcs, egusmon g fgrrmcr tj t`c gppamegtmjo ji qugotmty

survcymon FML prjecsscs. Rj jvcrejlc t`ms fgrrmcr gob sueecssiuaay pcrijrl

qugotmty survcymon FML prjecsscs t`c @K@G mo gssjemgtmjo wmt` msFML

bcvcajpcb g stgobgrbmscb gpprjge` tj ljbcaamon FMLs gob bcvmscb numbcamocs

jo qugotmiymon t`c FML bgtg mo geejrbgoec wmt` @jon Kjon stgobgrb lct`jb ji

lcgsurclcot. Irjl t`ms egsc stuby mt ms cvmbcot t`c gppamegtmjo ji stgobgrbs

cogfacs t`c usc ji qugotmty survcymon FML gppamegtmjos yct ijr FML gbjptmjo tj


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53

fc nrcgtcr igemamtgtcb t`csc stgobgrbs lust fc geecssmfac tj gaa lclfcrs ji t`c

prjicssmjo, t`c bcvcajplcot ji stgobgrbs fy g lmojrmty ji ljtmvgtcb

jrngomsgtmjos wmaa ojt prjvmbc t`ms. (Gutjbcsk, 6476)

Mt ms prjicsscb ijr FML stgobgrbs tj fc mlpaclcotcb motj t`c SK qugotmty

survcymon prjicssmjo mo gamnolcot wmt` cxmstmon stgobgrbs t`c VMEU grc rcqumrcb

tj bcvcajp gob prjvmbc numbgoec jo t`cmr usgnc. Uuppjrt ijr t`ms getmjo ms

bcljostrgtcb mo t`c (FEMU, 6477g) FML rcpjrt s`jwo mo Rgfac 2.9, w`me`

cxprcsscs 23% ji qugotmty survcyjrs suppjrt t`c VMEU prjvmbmon FML

stgobgrbs. ^mt` rcicrcoec tj t`c Frcobgo Tgte`caa IVMEU motcrvmcw (Gppcobmx

G), t`c VMEU `gs stgtcb buc tj ejpyrmn`t t`c OVL stgobgrbs wjuab fc

mlpjssmfac tj rcnuagtc mo cacetrjome ijrlgt gob t`crcijrc uoamkcay tj fc lgbc

geecssmfac bmnmtgaay. Ljrcjvcr, gs g rcsuat mt ms gotmempgtcb Lgstcr Ijrlgt lgy

fcejlc t`c motcrogtmjoga stgobgrb ji qugotmimegtmjo ejoscqucotay clcrnmon gs

t`c pjtcotmga stgobgrb tj igemamtgtc FML usgnc gob t`us gbjptmjo mi OVL ms ojt

lgbc gvgmagfac ijr FML jutputs. R`c cvgaugtcb mssucs tj VMEU FML stgobgrbs ms

suppjrtcb fy Jagtuohm ct ga., (6474) imobmons w`me` ejoicr stgobgrb lct`jbs ji

lcgsurclcot grc uomquc tj spcemime rcnmjos gob t`c bcvcajplcot ji FML

sjitwgrc w`me` ejoijrls wmt` gaa stgobgrbs ji lcgsurclcot gob ljbcabcsermptmjos ms uoicgsmfac. Ejoscqucotay, mt ms prjpjscb lcgsurclcot

stgobgrbs grc rc-conmoccrcb tj geejlljbgtc uomvcrsga FML jutputs rgt`cr t`go

FML jutputs fcmon conmoccrcb tj geejlljbgtc cxmstmon lcgsurclcot ruacs

gob bcsermptmjos.

R`c gut`jrs ermtmega gogaysms `gs bctcrlmocb t`c ijaajwmon igemamtgtmon igetjrs tj

cogfac FML gbjptmjo t`rjun` stgobgrbs. R`c bcvcajplcot gob gvgmagfmamty ji g

FML stgobgrb lct`jb ji lcgsurclcot ms rcqumrcb, ijr t`ms igemamtgtmon igetjr tj

fc ljst ciicetmvc mo t`c SK qugotmty survcymon prjicssmjo t`ms stgobgrb s`juab

fc bcvcajpcb gob prjvmbcb fy t`c VMEU tj cosurc gamnolcot wmt` cxmstmon

stgobgrbs. Igmamon t`ms bcvcajplcot fy t`c VMEU t`c clcrncoec ji go

motcrogtmjoga stgobgrb ijr qugotmiymon FML ljbcas wjuab ejlpgrgfay cogfac usc

gob igemamtgtc nrcgtcr acvcas ji gbjptmjo. R`c bcvcajplcot gob usc ji g ogtmjoga

stgobgrbs bcsermptmjo amfrgry gob ejst bgtgfgsc mo gamnolcot wmt` OFU Ogtmjoga

FML jfhcet amfrgry gob stgobgrb lct`jbs ji lcgsurclcot grc prjpjscb gs


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gbbmtmjoga igemamtgtmon igetjrs, prjvmbmon g ljrc ciimemcot gob ciicetmvc prjecss mo

qugotmiymon gob cstmlgtmon FML ljbcas. R`c rcqumrclcot ijr stgobgrb lct`jbs

ji ljbcaamon ms prjpjscb tj bcvcajp g ejosmstcot gpprjge` ji FML ljbca moputs

tj cosurc rcamgfac bgtg jutputs.

R`c prjpjscb ciicets ji t`c stgtcb igemamtgtmon igetjrs jo Ljl ct ga., (6477)

mlpaclcotgtmjo irglcwjrk grc, ijr t`c Rjjas ejlpjocot FML cogfacb

tce`ojajny ms lgbc ciicetmvc tj qugotmty survcymon gppamegtmjos gs g rcsuat ji

stgobgrb bgtg jutputs. R`ms wjuab bcvcajp t`c motcroga rcgbmocss ijr FML usgnc

tj ircqucot gob moircqucot uscrs gob prjljtc t`c pcrecmvcb fcocimts ji FML

gbjptmjo tj ojoc uscrs. R`c gppamegtmjo ji FML stgobgrbs wjuab igemamtgtc t`c

Trjecsscs ejlpjocot gs wjrkiajws grc lgbc ejosmstcot gt prjhcet,

jrngomsgtmjo gob scetjr acvcas.

2.0 Uullgry

R`c utmamsgtmjo ji FML prjecsscs mo t`c SK qugotmty survcymon prjicssmjo ms

smnomimegotay ajw gob spjrgbme mo ogturc e`grgetcrmscb fy t`c vgrymon usgnc

rgtcs ji FML getmvmty typcs. Ajw gbjptmjo gob usgnc rgtcs ji FML grc

ejosmbcrcb bctrmlcotga tj t`c prjicssmjo gob ejostruetmjo mobustry mo rcagtmjo tjt`c prjecsscs gob scrvmecs prjvmbcb, `jwcvcr mt ms cvmbcot spcemime

mlpaclcotgtmjo fgrrmcrs tj t`c gbjptmjo ji FML mo t`c qugotmty survcymon

prjicssmjo grc prcvgacot gob rcstrmetmon t`c ciicetmvcocss ji t`c gbjptmjo

prjecss. Imnurc 2.> maaustrgtcs t`c ljst rcstrmetmvc fgrrmcrs gob t`c cstgfams`cb

igemamtgtjrs tj bmspagec t`cmr ciicets, gbbmtmjogaay t`c igemamtgtmon igetjrs t`gt t`c

rcscgre` prjpjscs wmaa cogfac t`c pjsmtmvc ciicets ji t`c stgtcb igemamtgtjrs.

R`c gut`jr bctcrlmocb t`rjun` t`c rcscgre`cs ermtmega gogaysms gob amtcrgturc

rcvmcw t`gt t`c stgtcb igemamtgtjrs purcay get gs go cogfacr ijr FML

mlpaclcotgtmjo, ijr t`c igemamtgtjrs tj fc ciicetmvc mo cogfamon gbjptmjo qugotmty

survcyjrs lust s`jw acgbcrs`mp mo getmvcay movcstmon tmlc, ljocy gob

rcsjurecs mo FML gbjptmjo. Iurt`crljrc mt wgs bctcrlmocb qugotmty survcyjrs

lust `grocss ejaagfjrgtmjo wmt` pgrtocrs gs t`ms coejlpgsscs t`c ct`js ji FML

usgnc gob jptmlmscs mts ciicetmvcocss.


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Imnurc 2.>8 FML gbjptmjo fgrrmcrs, igemamtgtjrs gob igemamtgtmon igetjrs.


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50

E`gptcr 3. Ejoeausmjos gob rcejllcobgtmjos

3.7 Motrjbuetmjo

R`c sejpc ji t`ms e`gptcr ms tj bctcrlmoc mi t`c bcimocb gml gob jfhcetmvcs ijrt`c rcscgre` `gs fcco lct gob ijr t`c gut`jr tj cstgfams` t`c ejoeausmjos gob

rcejllcobgtmjos lgbc. Iurt`crljrc, prjpjsgas ijr iuturc rcscgre` jo t`c

rcscgre` tjpme wmaa fc bctgmacb mo gbbmtmjo tj t`c bmsscrtgtmjos amlmtgtmjos mo

rcscgre`.

3.6 Ejoeausmjo ji t`c rcscgre` jfhcetmvcs

Gaa jfhcetmvcs w`crc ge`mcvcb t`rjun` t`c utmamsgtmjo ji scacetcb amtcrgturc gob

t`c FEMU (6477g) FML Uurvcy rcsuats.

Jfhcetmvc 7

R`ms jfhcetmvc wgs ge`mcvc t`rjun` gogaysms ji t`c ocngtmvc gob pjsmtmvc igetjrs

moiaucoemon t`c gbjptmjo acvcas gob ejlpjocots ji Ljl ct ga., (6477)

irglcwjrk ijr FML gbjptmjo. Mt wgs bctcrlmocb ijr gbjptmjo ji goy FML lgturmty

acvca, pcrecmvcb fcocimts, motcroga rcgbmocss gob cxtcroga prcssurc grc t`c

prcbjlmogot moiaucoemon igetjrs. Igetjrs moiaucoemon gbjptmjo ejlpjocots wcrc

cxtcosmvc `jwcvcr t`c ijaajwmon igetjrs prjvcb ljst prcvgacot, uowmaamonocss tj

e`gonc, acgbcrs`mp irjl lgognclcot, skmaas ji pcrsjooca, ejaagfjrgtmjo

fctwcco stgkc`jabcrs gob trgmomon.

Jfhcetmvc 6

R`ms jfhcetmvc wgs cstgfams`cb t`rjun` ermtmega cvgaugtmjos lgbc mo t`c amtcrgturc

rcvmcw. Mt wgs bctcrlmocb t`c ljst prjlmocot fgrrmcrs tj FML gbjptmjo irjl g

ejoscosus ji gut`jrs vmcws grc, ejst ji mlpaclcotgtmjo, uowmaamonocss tj

e`gonc, irgnlcotcb ogturc ji t`c mobustry, agek ji eamcot bclgob, acnga fgrrmcrs

gob t`c agek ji stgobgrbmsgtmjo. R`c ljst ciicetmvc igemamtgtjrs irjl t`c

ejaacetmvc vmcws ji gut`jrs gogayscb wcrc, acgbcrs`mp, suppjrtmvc wjrk

covmrjolcot, ejaagfjrgtmjo wmt` pgrtocrs, cbuegtmjo gob trgmomon gob moijrlgtmjo

lgognclcot.


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Jfhcetmvc 5

Eurrcot acvcas ji qugotmty survcymon FML usgnc wgs bcimocb t`rjun` gogaysms ji

t`c FEMU (6477g) FML Uurvcy w`me` mbcotmimcb t`c ijaajwmon rcsuats8

32% ojoc FML uscrs

72% ji ojoc uscrs `gvc gwgrcocss ji FML

6=% moircqucotay usc FML

74% ircuqcotay usc FML

R`c e`grgetcrmstmes ji FML usgnc fy qugotmty survcyjrs wgs bcimocb t`rjun`

gamnomon FML getmvmtmcs moejrpjrgtcb mo t`c FML lgturmty acvcas gob t`c

rcspjobcots stgtcb FML getmvmtmcs, t`c imobmons prjpjscb8

95.6% usc FML lgturmty acvca 4

54.0% moircqucotay usc FML lgturmty acvca 7

9% ircqucotay usc FML lgturmty acvca 7

R`c scejobgry stgtmstmega bgtg prjvmbcb wgs amlmtcb mo mts bcimomon ji t`c eurrcot

FML lgturmty acvcas uscb mo t`c SK qugotmty survcymon prjicssmjo.

Jfhcetmvc 2

Rj giimrl t`ms jfhcetmvc t`c FEMU (6477g) FML survcy wgs uscb tj bctcrlmocb

qugotmty survcyjrs rcspjoscs tj t`c pcrecmvcb fgrrmcrs ji FML gbjptmjo, t`c

ciicets ji t`c bcimocb fgrrmcrs w`crc cvgaugtcb usmon t`c Ljl ct ga., (6477)

irglcwjrk ijr FML gbjptmjo. R`c sufscqucot fgrrmcrs w`crc bctcrlmocb gs t`c

ljst ciicetmvc, agek ji eamcot bclgob, agek ji motcrigecs fctwcco FML gob 5 rb

pgrty gppamegtmjos, agek ji trgmomon gob agek ji stgobgrbs.

Rj cstgfams` t`c igemamtgtjrs tj FML gbjptmjo t`c rcvcrsc prmoempacs ji t`c bcimocb

fgrrmcrs wcrc mbcotmimcb gob cvgaugtcb mo tcrls ji t`cmr ciicetmvcocss jo t`c

gbjptmjo irglcwjrk ejlpjocots. R`c jptmlga igemamtgtjrs bctcrlmocb wcrc,

moercgscb eamcot bclgob, motcrjpcrgfmamty ji FML jutputs gob 5rb pgrty

gppamegtmjos, prjvmsmjo ji numbgoec gob trgmomon gob FML jrmcotgtcb stgobgrbs.


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R`c sueecss ji t`ms jfhcetmvc cogfacb t`c bctcrlmomon ji t`c igemamtgtmon igetjrs

tj FML gbjptmjo gob t`us ge`mcvmon t`c rcscgre` gml.

3.5 Ejoeausmjo ji t`c rcscgre` gml gob rcejllcobgtmjos

R`c gml ji t`ms rcscgre` wgs tj bctcrlmoc t`c igemamtgtmon igetjrs tj FML

gbjptmjo t`c SK qugotmty survcymon prjicssmjo.

R`c ejoeausmjos lgbc jo t`c rcscgre` gml mbcotmimcb moercgscb eamcot bclgob

gs t`c jptmlga igemamtgtjr tj FML gbjptmjo, t`c igemamtgtmon igetjr prjvmbmon

ciicetmvcocss tj t`ms igemamtgtjr wgs bcimocb gs t`c SK Ejostruetmjo Utrgtcny

6477 rcqumrclcots ji FML acvca 6 fy 6479. R`c stgtcb igemamtgtjr purcay gets gs

g stmluaus tj FML gbjptmjo, t`c gut`jr rcejllcobs ijr mt tj fc jptmlmzcb gobprjvmbc iurt`cr FML gbjptmjo qugotmty survcyjrs lust s`jw acgbcrs`mp gob

rcspjob tj t`c moercgscb eamcot bclgob t`rjun` movcstmon mo FML.

R`c rcqumrclcot ijr motcrjpcrgfmamty ji FML ljbcas gob 5rb pgrty gppamegtmjos

wgs mbcotmimcb gs g iuobglcotga igemamtgtjr tj FML gbjptmjo, mt wgs bctcrlmocb

t`c egpgfmamtmcs ji t`ms igemamtgtjr ms prjvmbcb fy fumabmonULGVRs mobustry

ijuobgtmjo eagsscs jpco imac stgobgrb w`me` gets gs t`c igemamtgtmon igetjr. Mt ms

rcejllcobcb ijr t`ms igemamtgtjr tj fc `grocsscb gob mlpaclcotgtmjo ji FML

gunlcotcb qugotmty survcyjrs lust bcvcajp gob sustgmo ejaagfjrgtmjo wmt`

prjhcet stgkc`jabcrs. Gbvgoecb FML lgturmty acvcas 6 gob 5 rcqumrc

ejaagfjrgtmjo, wmt`jut qugotmty survcyjrs clfrgemon t`ms p`majsjp`y t`c

motcrjpcrgfmamty ji FML moijrlgtmjo wjuab ojt fc iuaay utmamscb.

Rrgmomon gob numbgoec ji FML wgs gekojwacbncb mo t`c rcscgre` gs g

prjlmocot igemamtgtjr, igemamtgtmon igetjrs tj t`ms cogfacr wcrc bcimocb gs, t`c SK

Njvcrolcots pus` strgtcny w`me` gamnos pufame scetjr FML bclgobs wmt`

numbgoec gob trgmomon prjnrgllcs. Iurt`crljrc, R`c VMEU prjvmbmon numbgoec

gob trgmomon jo FML fcst prgetmec, t`c prjvmsmjo ji ejotmoucb trgmomon ji FML

prjecsscs irjl `mn`cr cbuegtmjoga mostmtutcs gob prmvgtc trgmomon scrvmecs. Mt ms

rcejllcobcb ijr t`csc igemamtgtmon igetjrs tj fc ljst ciicetmvc qugotmty

survcyjrs lust bcljostrgtc acgbcrs`mp mo scckmon numbgoec jo FML gob

movcstmon mo trgmomon. Gbbmtmjogaay, mt ms prjpjscb VMEU prjvmbcs nrcgtcr acvcas ji


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FML numbgoec tj lclfcrs rcngrbmon qugotmty survcymon fcst prgetmec ji FML

prjecsscs.

R`c gvgmagfmamty ji FML jrmcotgtcb stgobgrbs wgs ejoeaubcb gs g igemamtgtjr,

w`me` ms cogfacb fy t`c ijaajwmon igemamtgtmon igetjrs, FML stgobgrb lct`jb ji

lcgsurclcot, ogtmjoga bcsermptmjo amfrgry gob ejst bgtgfgsc, gob FML stgobgrb

lct`jbs ji ljbcaamon. Gs t`c igemamtgtmon igetjrs bcimocb grc ojt eurrcotay

gvgmagfac cxtcosmvcay t`c gut`jr rcejllcobs t`c VMEU s`jws acgbcrs`mp mo

bcvcajpmon stgobgrbs t`gt geejlljbgtcs FML utmamsgtmjo jr gatcrogtmvcay t`c

clcrncoec ji g ocw FML congncb stgobgrb ji lcgsurclcot s`juab fc

gbjptcb gs t`c mobustry FML stgobgrb.

3.2 Amlmtgtmjos ji t`c rcscgre`

Gat`jun` t`c rcscgre` gml gob jfhcetmvcs wcrc lct t`c gut`jr rcejnomscs t`crc

wcrc amlmtgtmjos mo t`c utmamscb rcscgre` bgtg. R`c scejobgry bgtg survcy

imobmons mo w`me` t`c rcscgre` gogaysms wgs cstgfams`cb, wgs ejobuetcb mo

6477. Mt ms ejoecmvgfac fgrrmcrs tj t`c gbjptmjo ji FML mo t`c SK qugotmty

survcymon prjicssmjo lgy `gvc e`goncb, wmt` t`c clcrncoec ji ocw fgrrmcrs

gob t`c bmlmoms`mon ji jt`crs, t`us rcqumrmon t`c prjvmsmjo ji gatcrogtmvcigemamtgtmon igetjrs tj igemamtgtc FML gbjptmjo mo 6475.

3.3 Iurt`cr rcscgre`

Mo rcagtmjo tj t`c sufhcet grcgs ejvcrcb gob ejoeausmjos lgbc mo t`c rcscgre`

t`c gut`jr rcejllcobs iurt`cr rcscgre` tj fc ejobuetcb mo t`c sufscqucot

grcgs8

R`c iuturc ji stgobgrb lct`jbs ji lcgsurclcot uobcr FML prjecsscs.

R`c ciicetmvcocss ji acgbcrs`mp gob ejaagfjrgtmjo wmt` pgrtocrs tj FML

mlpaclcotgtmjo mo qugotmty survcymon.

Eamcots brmvmon t`c gbjptmjo ji FML mo t`c ejostruetmjo mobustry.


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Vcicrcoecs

Gkmotjag, G.,Njuabmon, H. gob Xgwbmc, N. (6446) Ejostruetmjo Moojvgtmjo gobTrjecss Mlprjvclcot, 7st Cbmtmjo. ^macy-Fagekwcaa.

Grgymem, ]., Igrzgb, K., Lgre`ga, L.T gob Lm`mobu, U. (644=) RjwgrbsMlpaclcotgtmjo ji Fumabmon Moijrlgtmjo Ljbcaamon mo t`c Ejostruetmjo Mobustry ,Ejaagfjrgtmjo gob Motcnrgtmjo mo Conmoccrmon, Lgognclcot gob Rce`ojajny.

Gutjbcsk. (6476). FML Tmjoccrmon FML ijr Wugotmty Uurvcyjrs. [joamoc\.

Gvgmagfac

gt81`ttp8//mlgncs.gutjbcsk.ejl/gpgeZnrtre`mogZlgmo/imacs/`jonZkjonZ`jusmon

Zgut`jrmty.pbi[Geecsscb jo 79 Lgre` 6475\.

Fge`cabcr, B. (6474). Brmvmon ejostruetmjo prjhcet sueecss t`rjun` ocutrga,trust-fgscb ejaagfjrgtmjo [joamoc\ Gvgmagfac gt8 1

`ttp8//www.gcefytcs.ejl/vmcwpjmot/6474/mssucZ33.`tla? [Geecsscb 9 Icfugry

6475\.

FEMU (Fumabmon Ejst Moijrlgtmjo Ucrvmec), (6477g). VMEU Fumabmon Moijrlgtmjo

Ljbcaamon Vcpjrt 6477. [pbi\ Ajobjo8 Vjyga Mostmtutc ji E`grtcrcb Uurvcyjrs.

Gvgmagfac gt8 1`ttp8//www.rmes.jrn/Najfga/VMEUZ6477ZFMLZUurvcyZVcpjrt.pbi

? [Geecsscb 9 Hgougry 6475\.

FEMU (Fumabmon Ejst Moijrlgtmjo Ucrvmec), (6477f). Fumabmon Moijrlgtmjo

Ljbcaamon (FML) ^jrkmon Tgrty Utrgtcny Tgpcr, Omec, Irgoec Jetjfcr 6477.

Bcpgrtlcot ji Fusmocss Moojvgtmjo gob Ukmaas. Ajobjo8 Somtcb Kmonbjl.

FML Hjuroga. (644=). Motcnrgtmon FML gob t`c WU. [joamoc\. Gvgmagfac gt8 1

`ttp8//www.fmlhjuroga.ejl/644=/76/motcnrgtmon-fml-gob-qs/? [Geecsscb 70

Bceclfcr 6476\.

FML Rgsk Nrjup. (6477). G rcpjrt ijr t`c Njvcrolcot Ejostruetmjo EamcotNrjup Fumabmon Moijrlgtmjo Ljbcaamon (FML) ^jrkmon Tgrty Utrgtcny Tgpcr.

[joamoc\ SK FML Rgsk Nrjup. Gvgmagfac gt8 1`ttp8//www.fmltgsknrjup.jrn/wp-ejotcot/upajgbs/6476/45/FMU-FML-strgtcny-Vcpjrt.pbi? [Geecsscb 0 Hgougry6475\.

Fagmkmc, O. (6444) Bcsmnomon sjemga rcscgre`8 t`c ajnme ji gotmempgtmjo.Eglfrmbnc, Tjamty Trcss.

Fagysc, G.L, gob Lgoacy.K (6442) Kcy moiaucoecs jo ejostruetmjo moojvgtmjo,Ejostruetmjo Moojvgtmjo8 Moijrlgtmjo, Trjecss, Lgognclcot, Yja. 2 Mss8 5 pp.725 732
http://images.autodesk.com/apac_grtrchina_main/files/hong_kong_housing_authority.pdfhttp://images.autodesk.com/apac_grtrchina_main/files/hong_kong_housing_authority.pdfhttp://images.autodesk.com/apac_grtrchina_main/files/hong_kong_housing_authority.pdfhttp://www.aecbytes.com/viewpoint/2010/issue_55.htmlhttp://www.aecbytes.com/viewpoint/2010/issue_55.htmlhttp://www.rics.org/Global/RICS_2011_BIM_Survey_Report.pdfhttp://www.rics.org/Global/RICS_2011_BIM_Survey_Report.pdfhttp://www.rics.org/Global/RICS_2011_BIM_Survey_Report.pdfhttp://www.bimjournal.com/2009/12/integrating-bim-and-qs/http://www.bimjournal.com/2009/12/integrating-bim-and-qs/http://www.bimtaskgroup.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/BIS-BIM-strategy-Report.pdfhttp://www.bimtaskgroup.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/BIS-BIM-strategy-Report.pdfhttp://www.bimtaskgroup.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/BIS-BIM-strategy-Report.pdfhttp://www.bimtaskgroup.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/BIS-BIM-strategy-Report.pdfhttp://www.bimtaskgroup.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/BIS-BIM-strategy-Report.pdfhttp://www.bimtaskgroup.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/BIS-BIM-strategy-Report.pdfhttp://www.bimjournal.com/2009/12/integrating-bim-and-qs/http://www.rics.org/Global/RICS_2011_BIM_Survey_Report.pdfhttp://www.aecbytes.com/viewpoint/2010/issue_55.htmlhttp://images.autodesk.com/apac_grtrchina_main/files/hong_kong_housing_authority.pdfhttp://images.autodesk.com/apac_grtrchina_main/files/hong_kong_housing_authority.pdf


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what are the facilitating factors to the adoption of bim in the uk quantity surveying profession?

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