welding handbook

4www.techalloy.com / 1-800-638-1458 / Techalloy Welding Products

DIRECTORY

CERTIFICATIONS ......................................................................................................3

NICKEL ALLOY FILLER METAL .................................................................................5

Nickel and High Nickel Alloy Welding Wires ......................................................... 5

Recommended Welding Parameters ............................................................... 8

Typical Chemical Composition ........................................................................ 8

Nickel and High Nickel Alloy Electrodes ............................................................... 9

Typical Electrode Sizes & Currents ...............................................................12

Typical Chemical Composition ......................................................................12

Suggestions for Welding Nickel and High Nickel Alloys ......................................13

STAINLESS STEEL FILLER METAL ..........................................................................14

Stainless Steel Welding Wires ............................................................................14

Recommended Welding Parameters .............................................................18


Stainless Steel Electrodes ..................................................................................20


Typical Electrode Sizes & Currents ...............................................................23

Suggestions for Welding Stainless Steels ..........................................................24

LOW ALLOY STEEL FILLER METAL .........................................................................28

Low Alloy Steel Wires .........................................................................................28


Recommended Welding Parameters .............................................................30

Suggestions for Welding Low Alloy Steels ..........................................................31

PACKAGING OPTIONS ...........................................................................................32

TABLES AND CHARTS ............................................................................................33

WELDING WIRE AND ELECTRODES

WELDING WIRE A N D ELECTRODES

www.techalloy.com / 1-800-638-1458 / 2007 / Techalloy Welding Products

1 WELDING WIRE AND ELECTRODES

QUALITYITS WHAT WERE ALL ABOUT.

The company that is today known as Techalloy

Welding Products was founded in 1919 and is

devoted to the manufacture and sale of weld-

ing consumables for shielded metal arc welding

(SMAW), submerged arc welding (SAW), tungsten

inert gas welding (TIG) and gas metal arc weld-

ing (MIG). The product range consists of welding

wires and coated electrodes in stainless steel,

nickel and nickel-based alloys, special purpose

types together with a number of low alloy steels.

The original company, Reid Avery, stood for

great craftsmanship and expertise. Since adopt-

ing the Techalloy name, a pledge has been made

to continue the fine legacy established by Reid

Avery and to pursue innovative product devel-

opments. As part of this effort, Techalloy became

the first company in the United States to pro-

duce imprinted TIG rods, saving welders hours of

wasted time with traditional tags.

New production equipment and technological

advancements in the last few years have focused

on ensuring the manufacture of premium quality

welding consumables. The company has received

ISO 9001 and 14001 certification to comple-

ment its existing significant number of certifica-

tions and registrations.

www.techalloy.com / 1-800-638-1458 / Techalloy Welding Products


IMPORTANT NOTICE

Techalloy Welding Products sells all of its products subject to the Terms and Conditions of Sale which are issued by Techalloy Welding Products and are available for review upon request. These Terms and Conditions of Sale are incorporated for all purposes as if fully set forth in this hand-book. There are no warranties whatsoever, whether written, oral, implied, express, or statutory, other than those specified in these Terms and Conditions of Sale. There is no warrant of merchant-ability of fitness for a particular purpose.

The data contained in this handbook is intended for general information only, and not for specifi-cation purposes.

Applications suggested for these alloys are made to permit you to make your own evaluation and decision, and are not to be construed as either express or implied warranties of fitness for these or other applications.

All analyses should be considered as typical or average values, and are minimum or maximum only where indicated. They are not intended for specification purposes.

Techalloy is a member of the Central Wire Group, one

of North Americas largest and most highly regarded

drawers of specialty wire. This affords Techalloy signifi-

cant advantages in terms of financial, technical, and

operational resources on a global basis.

Techalloy produces its welding consumables in

Baltimore, Maryland and Perth, Ontario, and supports

its sales and marketing activities with strategically

located warehouse locations throughout North America.

2

TECHALLOY AND CENTRAL WIRE GROUP


WELDING WIRE AND ELECTRODES 3

Certifications are important to a company because they

represent the hard work and diligence that has gone

into creating a quality product.

Certifications are important to you, the buyer,

because they represent quality, dependability, and

peace of mind.

CERTIFICATIONS

ISO 9001, 14001

ASME Section III Certication

American Bureau of Shipping

Canadian Welding Bureau

Military Qualied Products

TUV (Germany)

Brazil Welding Foundation (FTBS)

DHV (Norway)

308 308L 309 309L 310 316 316L 347

308 308L 308LHS 309 309L 309LHS

310 312 316 316L 316LHS 317L

347 385 409CB 2209 625FE EN606

HC276 622 410NiMo Weld A 502 505

630 208 413 418 617 718

Techrod 112 Techrod 276 Techrod 122

Techrod 182

308 308L 309 309L 310

316 316L 347 410 307-15

308-15 308L-15 308-16 308L-16 308MOT-16

308MOT-15 309-15 309-16 310-15 310-16

316L-15 347-15 410-15 Techalloy 418 Techalloy 413

Techalloy 606 Techalloy 625 Tech-Rod 182 Tech-Rod 190

ISO 9001:14001 CERTIFIED

TECHALLOY HOLDS CERTIFICATIONS OF

AMERICAN BUREAU OF SHIPPING

CANADIAN WELDING BUREAU

MILITARY QUALIFIED PRODUCT LIST



CERTIFICATIONS .............................................................................................................................3

NICKEL ALLOY FILLER METAL ........................................................................................................5

Nickel and High Nickel Alloy Welding Wires ........................................................................... 5

Recommended Welding Parameters ................................................................................. 8

Typical Chemical Composition .......................................................................................... 8

Nickel and High Nickel Alloy Electrodes ................................................................................. 9

Typical Electrode Sizes & Currents ................................................................................. 12

Typical Chemical Composition ........................................................................................ 12

Suggestions for Welding Nickel and High Nickel Alloys ........................................................ 13

STAINLESS STEEL FILLER METAL .................................................................................................14

Stainless Steel Welding Wires .............................................................................................. 14

Recommended Welding Parameters ............................................................................... 18


Stainless Steel Electrodes .................................................................................................... 20


Typical Electrode Sizes & Currents ................................................................................. 23

Suggestions for Welding Stainless Steels ............................................................................ 24

LOW ALLOY STEEL FILLER METAL ................................................................................................28

Low Alloy Steel Wires ........................................................................................................... 28


Recommended Welding Parameters ............................................................................... 30

Suggestions for Welding Low Alloy Steels ............................................................................ 31

PACKAGING OPTIONS ..................................................................................................................32

TABLES AND CHARTS ...................................................................................................................33

CONTENTS



NICKEL & HIGH NICKEL ALLOY WELDING WIRES

TECHALLOY 276AWS A5.14 ERNiCrMo-4

Techalloy 276 is used for welding of materials of similar chemical composition (UNS Number N10276), as well as dissimilar materials of nickel base alloys, steels and stainless steels. This wire also can be used for cladding steel with nickel-chromium-molybdenum weld metal.

This alloy, due to its high molybdenum content, offers excellent resistance to stress corro-sion cracking, pitting, and crevice corrosion.

Carbon .01 Tensile StrengthManganese .55 105,000 PSI 720 MPASilicon .04 Chromium 15.55 Yield StrengthMolybdenum 16.1 81,000 PSI 560 MPATungsten 3.65 Vanadium .15 Elongation 40%Nickel Balance Iron 5.5

TECHALLOY 55No AWS Specification

Carbon .05 Tensile StrengthManganese .25 89,500 PSI 620 MPASilicon .15 Iron 43.6 Yield StrengthNickel 55.9 62,000 PSI 430 MPA

Elongation 35%

Techalloy 55 is used for TIG and MIG welding of cast iron. This filler metal is extensively employed to overlay cast iron rolls. It is also used to repair castings. The weld metal of Techalloy 55 is harder than that of Techalloy 99. However, machining can be accomplished by using carbide tipped tools.

A preheat and interpass temperature of 350F (175C) minimum is recommended during welding, without which the weld and heat affected zones could develop cracks.

Techalloy 208 is used for TIG, MIG, and SAW welding of nickel 200 or 201. This filler metal is also employed for overlaying on steel as well as repairing cast iron castings. It can also be used for dissimilar joints between nickel or nickel alloys to stainless or ferritic steels.

TECHALLOY 208FM 61

AWS A5.14 ERNi-1

Carbon .06 Tensile StrengthManganese .30 66,500 PSI 460 MPASilicon .40 Aluminum .5 Yield StrengthTitanium 3.0 38,000 PSI 260 MPANickel 95.5 Elongation 28%

TECHALLOY 99AWS A5.15 ERNiCl

Techalloy 99 is used for TIG and MIG welding of cast iron. This wire is extensively employed to repair gray iron casting. It can also be used for overlay and buildup. Dilution from the cast-ing influences the mechanical properties of the metal. The welds are easily machinable.

A preheat and interpass temperature of 350F (175C) minimum is recommended during welding.

Carbon .05 Tensile Strength Manganese .22 66,500 PSI 460 MPASilicon .05 Nickel 99.6 Yield Strength 36,000 PSI 250 MPA Elongation 40%

TECHALLOY 72AWS A5.14 ERNiCr-4

Carbon .03 Tensile StrengthTitanium 0.50 107,000 PSI 740 MPAChromium 43.6Nickel Balance Elongation 30%

High Chromium Nickel alloy used for join-ing, repair and overlay cladding of Ni-Cr and Ni-Fe-Cr components. Material is resistant to high temperature corrosion including fuel-ash corrosion and erosion in atmospheres contain-ing sulpher. This material is primarily used for boiler tube overlay in coal fired boiler systems.

MECHANICAL TYPICAL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITION ALL WELD METAL PRODUCT USES OF THE WIRE (AS WELDED)




TECHALLOY 413FM 67

AWS A5.7 ERCuNi

Techalloy 413 is used for TIG, MIG, and oxy-fuel welding of 70/30, 80/20 and 90/10 cop-per-nickel alloys. This filler metal can be used for MIG overlay on steel after a first layer with Nickel 208 (Filler Metal 61). Dissimilar-weld-ing applications include joining copper-nickel alloys to Nickel 200 or nickel-copper alloys.

Nickel 31.0 Tensile StrengthManganese .75 53,000 PSI 360 MPA Silicon .10 Iron .55 Yield StrengthTitanium .35 21,000 PSI 140 MPACopper Balance Elongation 32%

TECHALLOY 418FM 60

AWS A5.14 ERNiCu-7

Techalloy 418 is used for TIG or MIG welding of nickel copper alloys (ASTM B127, B163, B164, and B165 UNS Number N04400). This filler metal can be used for MIG overlay on steel after a first layer with nickel 208 (Filler Metal 61). Dissimilar welding applications include joining nickel-cop-per alloys to Nickel 200 copper-nickel alloys.

Carbon .05 Tensile StrengthManganese 3.45 76,500 PSI 530 MPASilicon .77 Titanium 2.25 Yield StrengthNickel 65.2 52,500 PSI 360 MPACopper Balance Elongation 34%

TECHALLOY 606FM 82

AWS A5.14 ERNiCr-3

Techalloy 606 is used for TIG, MIG and SAW welding of base metals such as ASTM B163, B166, B167 and B168 alloys which have UNS Number N06600. It is one of the most used nickel alloys whose applications range from cryogenic to high temperatures. This filler metal can also be used for dissimilar welding applica-tions between various nickel alloys and stainless or carbon steels, as well as for overlaying.

Carbon .03 Tensile StrengthManganese 2.85 86,000 PSI 590 MPASilicon .22Chromium 20.4 Yield Strength Columbium + Tantalum 2.5 52,000 PSI 360 MPANickel 72.9 Elongation 38%

TECHALLOY 617AWS A5.14 ERNiCrCoMo-1

Techalloy 617 is used for TIG, MIG, and SAW welding of nickel-chrome-cobalt-molybdenum alloys as well as between themselves and dissimilar metals, such as stainless, carbon or low alloy steels. This filler wire also can be used to overlay welding where similar chemical composition is desired.

The weld metal provides optimum strength and oxidation resistance from 1500F (815C) up to 2100F (1150C).

Carbon .06 Tensile StrengthManganese .20 112,000 PSI 770 MPASilicon .11Chromium 21.8 Yield StrengthCobalt 12.45 88,000 PSI 610 MPAMolybdenum 9.05Aluminum 1.25 Elongation 28%Titanium .25Nickel Balance

TECHALLOY 622AWS A5.14 ERNiCrMo-10

Techalloy 622 is an alloy of nickel with chromium, molybdenum and tungsten as principal alloying elements. It is used to weld alloys of similar composition as well as dissimilar joints between nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloys and stainless or carbon or low alloy steels. It can also be used for cladded overlay as well as spraying applications. Techalloy 622 offers excellent corrosion resistance in oxidizing as well as reducing media in a wide variety of chemical process environments. It offers an outstanding resistance to stress corrosion cracking, pitting, and crevice corrosion.

Carbon .008 Tensile StrengthManganese .20 115,000 PSI 790 MPAIron 3.1Chromium 21.5 Yield StrengthMolybdenum 13.5 82,000 PSI 570 MPATungsten 3.5Nickel Balance Elongation 38%





7

Techalloy is a registered trademark of Techalloy Welding Products

TECHALLOY 718AWS A5.14 ERNiFeCr-2

Techalloy 718 is used for TIG welding alloys 718, 706, and X-750. It is mainly used for welding high-strength aircraft components, and liquid rocket components involving cryogenic tempera-tures. This alloy can be age hardened to higher strengths.

Carbon .04 Tensile StrengthManganese .25 125,000 PSI 860 MPASilicon .2 Chromium 19.0 Yield StrengthMolybdenum 3.1 91,000 PSI 630 MPAColumbium + Tantalum 5.05Titanium .9 Elongation 27%Aluminum .4 Nickel Balance Iron 17.55

TECHALLOY 825AWS A5.14 ERNiFeCr-1

Techalloy 825 is used for TIG, MIG, and SAW weld-ing of nickel-iron-chromium-molybdenum-copper alloys. This can also be used to overlay cladding where similar chemical composition is required.

Carbon .01 Tensile StrengthManganese .45 88,500 PSI 610 MPASilicon .25 Iron 29.0 Yield Strength Chromium 21.5 61,000 PSI 420 MPAMolybdenum 3.1Copper 2.0 Elongation 34%Nickel 42.6Titanium 1.0

TECHALLOY 625 FCAAWS A5.34 ENiCrMo3T1

Techalloy 625FCA is a gas shielded, all posi-tion flux cored wire that provides a final weld chemistry equivalent to the compostion require-ments of AWS A5.14 ERNiCrMoT-3 solid wire. Used for dissimilar welding of NiCrMo Alloys to Steel, for surfacing Carbon & Low Alloy Steels, and for joining Ni-Cr-Mo alloys.

Carbon .04 Tensile StrengthManganese .35 110 PSI 786 MPASilicon .30Chromium 21.5 Yield StrengthColumbium 3.5 80 PSI 550 MPAMolybdenum 9.0Nickel 59 Elongation 30%

TECHALLOY 625/ 625HWTAWS A5.14 ERNiCrMo-3

Carbon .009 Tensile StrengthManganese .05 114,500 790 MPASilicon .12Chromium 21.9 Yield StrengthMolybdenum 8.65 85,000 PSI 590 MPAColumbium + Tantalum 3.7Nickel Balance Elongation 27%Iron .62

Techalloy 625 is used for TIG, MIG, and SAW weld-ing of nickel-chrome-molybdenum alloys. This filler metal is very versatile in its applications. It can be used for welding of dissimilar joints between nickel-chrome-molybdenum alloys and stainless or carbon or low alloy steels. It can also be used for cladding as well as for spraying applications. Techalloy 625 with low iron (less than 0.8%) is preferred in various applications where dilution of iron must be controlled to the minimum.

The high alloy content of Techalloy 625 enables it to withstand highly corrosive environments. The combination of nickel and chromium provides the resistance to oxidizing conditions and the combina-tion of nickel and molybdenum provides resistance to reducing conditions. Due to its molybdenum content, this alloy offers resistance to stress cor-rosion cracking, pitting, and crevice corrosion.

Techalloy 625HWT is engineered to work with the standard Gas Tungsten Arc process with an AC power source to preheat the welding wire before introduction to the GTA heat source. This enables automated systems with continuous wire feed to achieve a high quality, high deposition rate overlay.




RECOMMENDED WELDING PARAMETERS FOR TIG, MIG, & SAW WELDING OF NICKEL ALLOYS

Product Specication C Mn Si Fe Cr Mo Ni Cb W S P Al Ti Cu AWS A5.14 +Ta

TYPICAL CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF NICKEL & HIGH NICKEL WIRES

Techalloy 55 None .05 .25 .15 43.6 55.9

Techalloy 72 ERNiCr-4 .03 43.6 Bal 0.50

Techalloy 99 ERNiCl (AWS A5.15) .05 .22 .05 99.6

Techalloy 208 (FM 61) ERNi-1 .06 .30 .40 .10 95.5 .003 .008 .5 3.00 0.02

Techalloy 276 ERNiCrMo-4 .01 .55 .04 5.5 15.55 16.10 BAL 3.65 .002 .009

Techalloy 413 (FM 67) ERCuNi (AWS A5.7) .75 .10 .55 31.0 .006 .35 BAL

Techalloy 418 (FM 60) ERNiCu-7 .05 3.45 .77 .40 65.2 .002 .009 .1 2.25 BAL

Techalloy 606 (FM 82) ERNiCr-3 .03 2.85 .22 1.1 20.4 72.9 2.5 .001 .003

Techalloy 617 (FM 617) ERNiCrCoMo-1 .06 .20 .11 .75 21.8 9.05 BAL .001 .005 1.25 .25 12.45 Co

Techalloy 622 ERNiCrMo-10 .008 .20 .04 3.1 21.5 13.5 BAL 3.5 .002 .005

Techalloy 625/625HWT ERNiCrMo-3 .009 .05 .12 .62 21.9 8.65 64.5 3.7 .002 .006 .17 .19 (FM 625)

Techalloy 625FCA* ENiCrMo3T1 .04 .35 .30 .62 21.5 9.0 59 3.5 .015 .020

Techalloy 718 (FM 718) ERNiFeCr-2 .04 .25 .20 17.55 19.0 3.10 53.3 5.05 .004 .001 .40 .90

Techalloy 825 (FM 65) ERNiFeCr-1 .01 .45 .25 29.0 21.5 3.1 42.6 .001 .015 .10 1.0 2.0

Process Diameter of Wire Voltage (V) Amperage (A) Gas

TIG .035 inches (0.9 mm) 12-15 60-90 100% Argon

.045 inches (1.2 mm) 13-16 80-110 100% Argon

1/16 inches (1.6 mm) 14-18 90-130 100% Argon

3/32 inches (2.4 mm) 15-20 120-175 100% Argon

1/8 inches (3.2 mm) 15-20 150-220 100% Argon

MIG .035 inches (0.9 mm) 26-29 150-190 75% Argon + 25% Helium

.045 inches (1.2 mm) 28-32 180-220 75% Argon + 25% Helium

1/16 inches (1.6 mm) 29-33 200-250 75% Argon + 25% Helium

SAW 3/32 inches (2.4 mm) 28-30 275-350 Suitable Flux may be used

1/8 inches (3.2 mm) 29-32 350-450 Suitable Flux may be used

5/32 inches (4.0 mm) 30-33 400-550 Suitable Flux may be used


*Specification: AWS A5.34



NICKEL & HIGH NICKEL ALLOY ELECTRODES

TECH-ROD 55AWS A5.15 ENiFe-Cl

Tech-Rod 55 is used for welding of cast irons to themselves as well as for joining cast irons to mild steels. It is also employed for the repair of castings. The welds are moderately hard and require carbide tipped tools for machining. A preheat and interpass temperature of not less than 350F (175C) is required during welding.

Carbon .9 Tensile StrengthManganese .74 84,000 PSI 580 MPASilicon 2.09 Iron 40.2 Yield StrengthCopper 1.9 59,500 PSI 410 MPANickel 54.5 Elongation 8%

TECH-ROD 99AWS A5.15 ENi-Cl

Tech-Rod 99 is designed for welding of gray iron castings to themselves as well as join-ing them to mild steels or stainless steels. It is also used extensively to repair castings. The welds are quite machinable. A preheat and interpass temperature of not less than 350F is recommended during welding.

Carbon .85 Tensile StrengthManganese .25 72,000 PSI 500 MPA Silicon 1.73 Iron 4.2 Yield Strength Copper 1.45 56,500 PSI 390 MPANickel 91.50 Elongation 5%

TECH-ROD 112AWS A5.11 ENiCrMo-3

Tech-Rod 112 is a covered electrode which is used to weld nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloys. It is also used extensively in overlay cladding where similar chemical composition is required on the clad side. Its applications include dissimilar joints between nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloys to either stainless steels, carbon, or low alloy steels. These electrodes are used in applications where the temperature ranges from cryogenic up to 1800F.

Carbon .03 Tensile StrengthManganese .35 114,500 PSI 790 MPASilicon .34Iron 1.5 Yield Strength Chromium 21.5 89,500 PSI 620 MPAMolybdenum 9.2Columbium + Tantalum 3.55 Elongation 34%Nickel Balance

Techalloys extensive line

of nickel alloy coated elec-

trodes blends weld-appeal

with proper metallurgy for

optimum performance.

9

MECHANICAL TYPICAL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITION ALL WELD METAL PRODUCT USES OF THE DEPOSIT (AS WELDED)




TECH-ROD 135No AWS Specification

Tech-Rod 135 is a covered electrode which is used for nickel-iron-chromium-molybdenum-copper alloys. This can also be used for overlay cladding where similar chemical composition is required.

Carbon .02 Tensile StrengthManganese 2.1 87,000 PSI 600 MPASilicon .40Iron 27.4 Yield StrengthChromium 29.3 71,000 PSI 490 MPAMolybdenum 3.2Copper 1.8 Elongation 33%Nickel 35.2

TECH-ROD 141AWS A5.11 ENi-1

Tech-Rod 141 is used for welding of cast and wrought forms of commercially pure nickel. These electrodes can also be used for surfacing as well as dissimilar welding between nickel and steel or stainless steel.

Carbon .04 Tensile StrengthManganese .45 64,500 PSI 500 MPASilicon .50Iron .35 Yield StrengthTitanium 1.05 58,500 PSI 400 MPANickel 97.6 Elongation 26%


Tech-Rod 122 electrodes are used for welding of nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloys as well as for overlay cladding on carbon, low alloy, or stain-less steels. They are also used for dissimilar joints between nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloys and stainless, carbon, or low alloy steels. Typical specifications for the nickel-chromium-molybdenum base metals are ASTM, F574, B619, B622, and B626 all of which have UNS Number N06022. Tech-Rod 122 offers excellent corrosion resistance in oxidizing as well as reducing media in a wide variety of chemical process environments. It offers an outstanding resistance to stress corrosion cracking, pitting, and crevice corrosion.

Carbon .014 Tensile StrengthManganese .35 114,000 PSI 790 MPASilicon .16Chromium 21.2 Yield StrengthMolybdenum 13.1 78,500 PSI 540 MPATungsten 3.3Nickel Balance Elongation 36%Iron 3.9 Impact Strength 60 ft. lbs at Room Temperature

TECH-ROD 117AWS A5.11 ENiCrCoMo-1

Tech-Rod 117 is a covered electrode which is used for welding of nickel-chromium-cobalt-molybdenum alloys (UNS number N06617). This electrode can also be used for overlay cladding where similar alloy is required.

Weld metal provides optimum strength and oxidation resistance above 1500F up to 2100F, especially when welding on base metals of nickel-iron-chromium alloys.

Carbon .06 Tensile StrengthManganese .45 110,000 PSI 760 MPASilicon .35Iron 1.5 Yield StrengthChromium 21.65 87,000 PSI 600 MPAMolybdenum 8.8Cobalt 11.85 Elongation 26%Aluminum .65Nickel Balance Impact Strength 600 ft. lbs. at Room Temperature

TECH-ROD 182AWS A5.11 ENiCrFe-3

Tech-Rod 182 electrodes are used for weld-ing of nickel-chromium-iron alloys to them-selves, and for dissimilar welding between nickel-chromium-iron alloys and steels or stain-less steels. The applications include surfacing as well as clad-side welding. High manganese of this weld deposit reduces the possibility of micro fissures. High manganese reduces creep strength, which limits its usage up to 900F.

Carbon .03 Tensile StrengthManganese 6.5 84,500 PSI 580 MPASilicon .42Iron 7.4 Yield StrengthChromium 15.25 53,500 PSI 370 MPAColumbium + Tantalum 1.75Nickel 68.60 Elongation 36%






Tech-Rod 276 is used for welding materials of similar composition. This low carbon nickel- chromium-molybdenum filler metal can also be used for dissimilar welding between nickel base alloys and stainless steels, as well as for surfacing and cladding.

Due to high molybdenum content this alloy offers excellent resistance to stress corrosion cracking and pitting and crevice corrosion.

Carbon .015 Tensile StrengthManganese .4 106,000 PSI 730 MPASilicon .14Iron 5.5 Yield StrengthMolybdenum 16.1 78,500 PSI 540 MPATungsten 3.25Chromium 15.5 Elongation 39%Nickel 59.1

TECH-ROD WELD AAWS A5.11 ENiCrFe-2

Tech-Rod Weld A electrodes are used for welding of nickel-chromium-iron alloys to themselves as well as for dissimilar welding between vari-ous nickel alloys and carbon or stainless steels. These electrodes can also be used for overlay cladding where similar alloy is needed. These electrodes have wide applications ranging from cryogenic temperatures up to 1500F.

Carbon .04 Tensile StrengthManganese 1.75 89,000 PSI 610 MPASilicon .32 Chromium 15.5 Yield StrengthMolybdenum 1.5 72,000 PSI 500 MPAColumbium + Tantalum 1.25 Iron 8.5 Elongation 36%Nickel 71.15

Techalloy , Tech-Rod is a registered trademark of Techalloy Welding Products.

TECH-ROD 187AWS A5.6 ECuNi

Tech-Rod 187 is a copper-nickel, all-position electrode for shielded metal arc welding of wrought or cast alloys of similar composition as well as 80 Cu + 20 Ni and 90 Cu + 10 Ni alloys. It is also used for the clad side of cop-per-nickel clad steels. This filler metal is widely used in marine applications because of its good resistance to the corrosive elements of sea water.

Nickel 30.5 Tensile StrengthManganese 1.8 54,500 PSI 380 MPASilicon .35 Iron .62 Yield StrengthTitanium .2 37,500 PSI 260 MPACopper Balance Elongation 28%

TECH-ROD 190AWS A5.11 ENiCu-7

Tech-Rod 190 is used for welding materials of nickel-copper-alloys to themselves (such as ASTM, B127, B163, B164, B165 all of which have UNS Number N04400). They also can be used for overlay welding as well as for welding of clad steels where nickel-copper surfacing is required. Dissimilar welding applications includ-ing joining nickel 200 and copper-nickel alloys.

Carbon .03 Tensile StrengthManganese 3.2 75,500 PSI 520 MPASilicon .9Iron .95 Yield StrengthTitanium .65 52,000 PSI 360 MPACopper 28.2Nickel 67.6 Elongation 39%

11





Amperage (A)

Process Diameter of Wire Voltage (V) Flat Vertical & Overhead

TYPICAL ELECTRODE SIZES & CURRENTS FOR SMAW WELDING OF NICKEL ALLOYS

SMAW 3/32 inches (2.4 mm) 24-28 70-85 65-75

1/8 inches (3.2 mm) 26-30 85-110 80-90

5/32 inches (4.0 mm) 28-32 110-140 100-120

3/16 inches (4.8 mm) 28-32 120-160 110-130

TYPICAL CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF NICKEL & HIGH NICKEL COVERED ELECTRODES

Tech-Rod 55 ENiFe-Cl (AWS A5.15) .9 .74 2.09 40.2 54.5 .006 .012 1.9 Cu

Tech-Rod 99 ENiCl (AWS A5.15) .85 .25 1.73 4.2 91.5 .005 .015 1.45 Cu

Tech-Rod 112 ENiCrMo-3 .03 .35 .34 1.50 21.5 9.20 63.15 3.55 .005 .009 .09 .10

Tech-Rod 117 ENiCrCoMo-1 .06 .45 .35 1.50 21.65 8.80 BAL .005 .012 .10 .65 11.85 Co

Tech-Rod 122 ENiCrMo-10 .014 .35 .16 3.90 21.20 13.1 BAL 3.30 .005 .012

Tech Rod 135 None .02 2.1 .40 27.4 29.3 3.20 35.2 .005 .009 1.8 Cu

Tech-Rod 141 ENi-1 .04 .45 .50 .35 97.6 .005 .01 1.05

Tech-Rod182 ENiCrFe-3 .03 6.50 .42 7.4 15.25 68.6 1.75 .007 .012

Tech-Rod 187 ECuNi (AWS A5.6) 1.80 .35 .62 30.5 .004 .009 .20 Bal Cu

Tech-Rod 190 ENiCu-7 .03 3.20 .90 .95 67.6 .006 .009 .65 .05 28.2 Cu

Tech-Rod 276 ENiCrMo-4 .015 .40 .14 5.5 15.50 16.10 59.1 3.25 .004 .012

Tech-Rod WELD A ENiCrFe-2 .04 1.75 .32 8.50 15.50 1.50 71.15 1.25 .006 .009

Product Specication C Mn Si Fe Cr Mo Ni Cb W S P Ti Al Other AWS A5.11 +Ta



SUGGESTIONS FOR WELDING NICKEL & HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS

Nickel and High Nickel Alloys are used in fabrication

of equipment which has to withstand highly corrosive

environments. Often the corrosion is enhanced by the

operating conditions of high pressure and temperature.

Various high nickel alloys are developed and are being

developed to meet these demanding conditions. In

some cases the mild and low alloy steel equipment and

vessels are clad by nickel alloys to combat corrosion.

Techalloy Welding Products manufactures nickel and

nickel alloy welding consumables for TIG, MIG, SAW

and SMAW processes. The products and process

parameters are provided in the tables on pages 8 and

12 for easy reference.

Welding of nickel is different from welding other metals

and alloys. Two characteristics contribute to this differ-

ence:

Nickel could form a tenacious viscous oxide

during welding which restricts the wettability

and flow of the weld metal.

Nickel is highly susceptible to embrittlement

by sulfur, phosphorus, lead and other low-

melting substances.

The weld metal flow problem can be reduced by:

Selecting an appropriate joint design.

Choosing the correct type of gas and gas

flow rate to ensure proper protection from

atmospheric oxygen.

Clean welding consumables which do not con-

tain any lubricants or oxides or contaminants.

Selecting a superior formulated covered elec-

trode to ensure proper flow and cleanliness.

The weld area on both sides of the weld joint must

be lightly ground to remove oxide from the surface.

Interpass cleaning is essential to ensure complete slag

removal as well as fusion between the weld beads.

Weld joint designs used for nickel alloy welding should

be different from those used for welding steels. The

sluggish nature of the weld metal calls for more open

joint, which will provide better accessibility to the

welder. Another characteristic of nickel alloy weld

metal is the lower penetration. This necessitates the

use of a smaller land at the root of the joint. For join-

ing tubes and pipes, they should be purged and filled

with inert gas before welding to avoid oxidation at the

root. For manual welding, appropriate current ranges

should be used to avoid overheating. Overheating of

the electrode could result in loss of deoxidizers and

breakdown of the binder of the flux, leading to defec-

tive welding. MIG welding calls for helium additions

to argon to improve the wetting of the weld metal.

For TIG welding, argon or argon-helium mixtures are

generally used. Gas flow rates of 30 to 50 CFH are

required to obtain high quality welds. With submerged

arc welding, the flux may need to be pre-baked before

welding to reduce the chances of weld defects due to

moisture. A procedure test is generally required to

assure that the proposed welding parameters and filler

metals result in sound and acceptable chemical and

mechanical properties of the welds.

As the cleanliness of the welding consumables is of

paramount importance, Techalloy Welding Products

has incorporated in-line cleaning systems to ensure the

requisite degree of cleanliness.

Should you need to have more information or discuss

applications or welding parameters, do not hesitate to

call us at 1-800-638-1458.

Electrode Storage & ReconditioningCoated electrodes just removed from sealed contain-

ers are intended for use as is out of the container.

Electrodes from open containers should be stored in

a holding oven at 215F 240F.

Open cans of electrodes exposed to a high humidity

atmosphere for more than four hours or low humid-

ity for more than eight hours should be reconditioned

before using by baking in a drying oven for 1-2 hours

at 400F 500F.



STAINLESS STEEL WELDING WIRES

TECHALLOY 307 A popular European grade 1.4370 used for automotive exhaust applications and dissimilar stainless grades.

Carbon .07Manganese 6.6Silicon .90Chromium 18.7Nickel 8.9WRC FN 5

TECHALLOY 308/308HAWS A5.9 ER308H

AWS A5.9 ER308

Techalloy 308/308H is used for TIG, MIG, and submerged arc welding of unstabilized stainless steels such as Types 301, 302, 304, 305, 308. This filler metal is the most popular grade among stain-less steels, used for general-purpose applications where corrosion conditions are moderate. Can also be certified as ER308H.

Carbon .05 Tensile StrengthManganese 1.65 88,500 PSI 610 MPASilicon .46Chromium 20.45 Yield StrengthNickel 9.85 59,500 PSI 410 MPAWRC FN 8 Elongation 39%

TECHALLOY 308/308LAWS A5.9 ER308L

AWS A5.9 ER308

Techalloy 308/308L has the same analysis as type 308 except the carbon content has been held to a maximum of .03% to reduce the possibility of intergranular carbide precipita-tion. Ideal for welding Types 304L, 321, and 347 stainless steels. This is a suitable wire for applications at cryogenic temperatures.

Carbon .019 Tensile Strength Manganese 1.72 85,000 PSI 590 MPASilicon .46 Chromium 20.8 Yield StrengthNickel 10.1 57,000 PSI 390 MPAWRC FN 8 Elongation 40%

TECHALLOY 308LHSAWS A5.9 ER308LSi

Techalloy 308LHS is a stainless steel welding wire for MIG welding. This wire is used to weld equipment made with 304 and 308 stainless grades. Welding speed is higher than 308 or 308L due to improved wettability of weld metal.

Carbon .016 Tensile StrengthManganese 1.65 86,500 PSI 600 MPASilicon .85 Chromium 20.65 Yield StrengthNickel 10.00 59,000 PSI 410 MPAWRC FN 8 Elongation 39%


AWS A5.9 ER309

Techalloy 309/309L is of similar composition as Techalloy 309 except for the carbon content being lower than .03%. The lower carbon content reduces the possibility of intergranular corrosion. Techalloy 309L is preferred over 309 for cladding over car-bon or low alloy steels, as well as for dissimilar joints that undergo heat treatment.



Techalloy 309LHS is of the same chemical composition as 309L, with higher silicon content to improve the bead appearance and increase welding ease. The weld beads are exceptionally smooth due to good wetting.


TECHALLOY 310AWS A5.9 ER310

Techalloy 310 is used for the welding of stain-less steels of similar composition in wrought or cast form. The weld deposit is fully austenitic and calls for low heat during welding. This filler metal can also be used for dissimilar welding.







Techalloy 312 is used to weld cast alloys of similar composition and is used to weld dis-similar metals and weld overlays. This alloy has very high ferrite. When welding similar cast alloys, limit welding to two or three layers only.

Carbon .11 Tensile StrengthManganese 1.64 109,500 PSI 760 MPASilicon .44Chromium 29.6 Yield StrengthNickel 8.9 78,500 PSI 540 MPAMolybdenum .08WRC Ferrite 30 min Elongation 45%

15


AWS A5.9 ER316

Techalloy 316/316L has the same analysis as ER316, except that the carbon content is limited to a maximum of 0.03% in order to reduce the possibility of formation of intergranular carbide precipitation. This filler metal is primarily used for welding low carbon molybdenum-bearing austenitic alloys. This low carbon alloy is not as strong at elevated temperatures as ER316H.

Carbon .016 Tensile StrengthManganese 1.87 86,000 PSI 590 MPASilicon .48Chromium 19.32 Yield StrengthNickel 13.2 58,000 PSI 400 MPAMolybdenum 2.25WRC FN 6 Elongation 36%


Techalloy 316LHS is similar to 316L, with higher silicon content for optimum ease in welding and smooth bead appearance. Higher pro-ductivity could be realized in MIG welding.

Carbon .022 Tensile StrengthManganese 1.80 86,500 PSI 600 MPASilicon .85Chromium 19.25 Yield StrengthNickel 12.60 58,500 PSI 400 MPAMolybdenum 2.45WRC FN 8 Elongation 36%

TECHALLOY 317LAWS A5.9 ER317L

Techalloy 317L is used for welding stainless steels with similar composition. Due to its higher molybdenum content, this alloy offers high resistance to pitting and crevice corro-sion. Lower carbon makes the weld metal less susceptible to intergranular corrosion.

Carbon .017 Tensile StrengthManganese 1.66 84,500 580 MPASilicon .44Chromium 19.4 Yield StrengthNickel 13.85 58,000 PSI 400 MPAMolybdenum 3.25WRC FN 6 Elongation 35%

TECHALLOY 320LRAWS A5.9 ER320LR

Techalloy 320LR has a composition similar to Techalloy 320, except that carbon, silicon, phos-phorus, and sulfur levels are kept at lower levels as well as the columbium and manganese being speci-fied at a narrower range. The low melting residuals are limited in this alloy to reduce the possibility of microfissuring. It is for this reason that this alloy is often used for welding Type 320 stainless steels.

Carbon .025 Tensile StrengthManganese 1.6 86,000 PSI 590 MPASilicon .05Chromium 19.6 Yield StrengthNickel 34.1 57,500 PSI 400 MPAMolybdenum 2.5Columbium + Tantalum .25 Elongation 35%Sulfur .001Phosphorus .007Copper 3.4WRC FN 0


Techalloy 330 is used to weld cast and wrought material of similar chemical composition. The weld metal provides excellent heat and scale resistance up to 1800F. However, high sulfur environments may adversely affect elevated temperature performance. This being a fully austenitic alloy, heat input is necessary.



Techalloy 347 is a columbium-stabilized stain-less steel welding wire used to weld Types 321 and 347. Addition of columbium reduces the possibility of chromium carbide precipitation and consequent intergranular corrosion.

Carbon .04 Tensile StrengthManganese 1.65 86,500 PSI 600 MPASilicon .52Chromium 19.9 Yield StrengthNickel 9.75 57,000 PSI 390 MPAColumbium .72WRC FN 10 Elongation 35%





TECHALLOY 385AWS A5.9 ER385(904L)

Techalloy 385 is used for welding materials of similar chemical composition which are used for fabrication of equipment and vessels for handling of sulfuric acid and many chloride con-taining media. This filler metal may also find applications for joining Type 317L material where improved corrosion resistance in specific media is needed. In order to reduce the propensity for fissuring and hot cracking, the low melting con-stituents such as carbon, silicon and phosphorus are controlled to lower levels in this alloy.

Carbon .019 Tensile StrengthManganese 2.05 86,500 PSI 600 MPASilicon .35Chromium 20.5 Yield StrengthNickel 25.1 59,500 PSI 410 MPACopper 1.6Molybdenum 4.6 Elongation 36%WRC FN 0

TECHALLOY 409CbAWS A5.9 ER409Cb

Techalloy 409Cb is a ferritic stainless steel weld-ing wire which is used to weld type 409 and 409Ti base materials. Addition of columbium leads to a preferential reaction with carbon, saving chromium from forming carbides. This improves corrosion resistance, increases strength at high tempera-tures, and promotes ferritic micro-structure.

Carbon .05 Tensile StrengthManganese .62 67,000 PSI 460 MPASilicon .48Chromium 11.5 Yield StrengthColumbium .35 50,500 PSI 350 MPA

Elongation 26%


Techalloy 410 is used to weld Types 403, 405, 410, and 416. It is also used for welding overlay on carbon steels to resist corrosion, erosion, or abrasion. This material, being an air hardening type, calls for preheating of the joint to 350F before welding.

NOTE: Mechanical properties listed to the right reflect utilization of a post-weld heat treatment between 1350F and 1400F for one hour.

Carbon .11 Tensile StrengthManganese .45 89,000 PSI 620 MPASilicon .39Chromium 12.5 Yield Strength 78,500 PSI 540 MPA

Elongation 24%





17


Techalloy 430 is a ferritic stainless steel which offers good ductility in heat treated condition. In addition to the applications of welding similar alloys, it is also used for overlays and thermal spraying.

NOTE: Mechanical properties listed to the right reflect utilization of a post-weld heat treatment between 1400F and 1450F for two hours.


Elongation 25%

TECHALLOY 430LCb

Techalloy 430LCb is stabilized ferritic steel, which offers superior mechanical properties to 430 grade. In addition its fatigue resistance is also higher, the fact that lead to its spontaneous popularity in the automotive industry. This prod-uct is also used for overlay cladding as well as in thermal spray applications. Preheating of the joint to a minimum of 300F is recommended. Welding must be done with very low heat input.

NOTE: Mechanical properties reflect the heat- treated specimen at 1400F to 1450F for two hours.

Carbon .01 Tensile StrengthManganese .51 74,000 PSI 510 MPASilicon .40Chromium 18.20 Yield StrengthColumbium .40 60,000 PSI 40 MPA

Elongation 25%

TECHALLOY 630AWS A5.9 ER630(17-4PH)

Techalloy 630 is a precipitation hardening stain-less steel used for welding of materials of similar chemical composition. Mechanical properties of this alloy are greatly influenced by the heat treatment.

NOTE: Mechanical properties listed to the right reflect utilization of a post-weld heat treatment between 1875F and 1925F for one hour, followed by precipitation hardening between 1135F and 1165F for four hours.

Carbon .03 Tensile StrengthManganese .54 150,000 PSI 1030 MPASilicon .43Chromium 16.49 Yield StrengthNickel 4.78 135,000 PSI 930 MPACopper 3.6Columbium + Tantalum .22 Elongation 10%

TECHALLOY 410NiMoAWS A5.9 ER410NiMo

Techalloy 410NiMo is used primarily to weld cast and wrought material of similar chemical composition. Preheating and interpass temperature of not less than 300F are required.

NOTE: Mechanical properties listed to the right reflect utilization of a post-weld heat treatment between 1100F and 1150F for one hour.

Carbon .02 Tensile StrengthManganese .45 118,500 PSI 820 MPASilicon .4Chromium 11.8 Yield StrengthNickel 4.50 92,000 PSI 630 MPAMolybdenum .55 Elongation 20%


Techalloy 420 has a higher carbon content than Techalloy 410. This alloy is often used for surfacing applications which call for superior resistance to abrasion. It requires preheat and interpass temperatures of not less than 400F, followed by slow cooling. Post weld heat treatment is used to temper the weld deposit.

NOTE: Mechanical properties are greatly influenced by changes in welding parameters such as preheat and interpass temperatures.







(Duplex Grade)

Techalloy 2209 is a filler material designed to weld duplex stainless steels such as UNS Number N31803. The welds are characterized by high tensile strength and improved resistance to stress corrosion cracking and pitting. The wire is lower in ferrite compared to that of base metal in order to obtain improved weldability.

Carbon .016 Tensile StrengthManganese 1.4 105,000 PSI 720 MPASilicon .45Chromium 22.4 Yield StrengthNickel 8.5 80,500 PSI 560 MPAMolybdenum 3.2 Nitrogen .18 Elongation 26%WRC FN 40 min.


(Super Duplex Grade)

Techalloy 2594 provides matching chemistry and mechanical property characteristics to wrought superduplex alloys such as 2507and Zeron 100, as well as to superduplex casting alloys (ASTM A890). The welding wire is overalloyed 2-3 percent in Nickel to provide the optimum ferrite/austenite ratio in the finished weld. This structure results in high tensile/yield strength and superior resistance to SCC and pitting corrosion.

Carbon 0.02 Tensile StrengthManganese 1.00 123.0 PSI 850 MPASilicon 1.00Chromium 25.50 Yield StrengthNickel 9.25 94.0 PSI 650 MPACopper 0.50Molybdenum 3.90 Elongation 28%Nitrogen 0.250

TIG .035 inches (0.9 mm) 12-15 60-90 100% Argon

.045 inches (1.1 mm) 13-16 80-110 100% Argon

1/16 inches (1.6 mm) 14-18 90-130 100% Argon

3/32 inches (2.4 mm) 15-20 120-175 100% Argon

1/8 inches (3.2 mm) 15-20 150-220 100% Argon

MIG .030 inches (0.8 mm) 24-28 140-180 99% Argon + 1% Oxygen or 97% Argon + 3% CO2 .035 inches (0.9 mm) 26-29 160-210 99% Argon + 1% Oxygen or 97% Argon + 3% CO2 .045 inches (1.1 mm) 28-32 180-250 99% Argon + 1% Oxygen or 97% Argon + 3% CO2 .0625 inches (1.6 mm) 29-33 200-280 99% Argon + 1% Oxygen or 97% Argon + 3% CO2 SAW 3/32 inches (2.4 mm) 28-30 275-350 Suitable Flux must be used

1/8 inches (3.2 mm) 29-32 350-450 Suitable Flux must be used

5/32 inches (4.0 mm) 30-33 400-550 Suitable Flux must be used

RECOMMENDED WELDING PARAMETERS FOR STAINLESS STEELS

Process Diameter of Wire Voltage (V) Amperage (A) Gas





Product Specication C Mn Si Fe Cr Mo Ni Cb N S P Cu FN +Ta

TYPICAL CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF STAINLESS STEEL WIRES

Techalloy 307 1.4370 .07 6.6 .90 BAL 18.7 8.9 .007 .015 5

Techalloy 308/308H AWS A5.9 ER308H .05 1.65 .46 BAL 20.45 9.85 .005 .016 8

Techalloy 308/308L AWS A5.9 ER308L .019 1.72 .46 BAL 20.80 10.10 .003 .013 8

Techalloy 308LHS AWS A5.9 ER308LSi .016 1.65 .85 BAL 20.65 10.00 .008 .016 8

Techalloy 309/309L AWS A5.9 ER309L .021 1.75 .51 BAL 23.40 12.70 .006 .014 12

Techalloy 309LHS AWS A5.9 ER309LSi .019 1.85 .84 BAL 23.50 12.95 .004 .012 10

Techalloy 310 AWS A5.9 ER310 .11 1.90 .40 BAL 27.10 20.95 .003 .012 0

Techalloy 312 AWS A5.9 ER312 .11 1.64 .44 BAL 29.60 8.90 .012 .017 30 min

Techalloy 316/316L AWS A5.9 ER316L .016 1.87 .48 BAL 19.32 2.25 13.2 .010 .019 6

Techalloy 316LHS AWS A5.9 ER316LSi .022 1.80 .85 BAL 19.25 2.45 12.6 .004 .013 8

Techalloy 317L AWS A5.9 ER317L .017 1.66 .44 BAL 19.40 3.25 13.85 .006 .012 6

Techalloy 320LR AWS A5.9 ER320LR .025 1.6 .05 BAL 19.6 2.5 34.1 .25 .001 .007 3.4 0

Techalloy 330 AWS A5.9 ER330 .23 1.95 .42 BAL 15.95 35.20 .005 .014 0

Techalloy 347 AWS A5.9 ER347 .04 1.65 .52 BAL 19.9 9.75 .72 .005 .014 10

Techalloy 385 AWS A5.9 ER385 .019 2.05 .35 BAL 20.50 4.6 25.10 .015 .014 1.6 0

Techalloy 409Cb AWS A5.9 ER409Cb .05 .62 .48 BAL 11.50 .35 .016 .018

Techalloy 410 AWS A5.9 ER410 .11 .45 .39 BAL 12.5 .010 .014

Techalloy 410NiMo AWS A5.9 ER410NiMo .02 .45 .40 BAL 11.8 .55 4.50 .009 .012

Techalloy 420 AWS A5.9 ER420 .29 .45 .35 BAL 13.20 .008 .014

Techalloy 430 AWS A5.9 ER430 .07 .44 .36 BAL 16.50 .010 0.14

Techalloy 430LCb .01 .51 .40 BAL 18.2 .40 .008 .020

Techalloy 630 AWS A5.9 ER630 .03 .54 .43 BAL 16.49 .2 4.78 .22 .021 .017 3.6

Techalloy 2209 AWS A5.9 ER2209 .016 1.4 .45 BAL 22.40 3.20 8.50 .18 .017 .014 40 min

Techalloy 2594 AWS A5.9 ER2594 .02 1.00 1.00 BAL 25.50 3.95 9.25 .25 .010 .025 0.50 40 min



STAINLESS STEEL ELECTRODES

TECH-ROD 308/308L AWS A5.4 E308L-16

AWS A5.4 E308L-17

Tech-Rod 308/308L is a low carbon electrode used to weld Types 304L and 347. The weld deposit contains a maximum of .04% carbon, which mini-mizes the formation of chromium carbides, and consequent susceptibility to intergranular corro-sion. The weld deposit, with controlled ferrite, gives excellent notch toughness at -320F (-196C).

Carbon .03 Tensile StrengthManganese 1.65 84,500 PSI 580 MPASilicon .43Chromium 19.4 Yield StrengthNickel 9.3 55,000 PSI 380 MPAIron BalanceWRC FN 7 Elongation 40%

TECH-ROD 312AWS A5.4 E312-16

Tech-Rod 312 electrodes are used for welding wrought and cast alloys of similar composition as well as for welding dissimilar metals. The weld deposits exhibit high tensile strength and offer good resistance to abrasion.

Carbon .12 Tensile StrengthManganese 1.80 109,000 PAS 750 MPASilicon .56Chromium 29.3 Yield StrengthNickel 9.4 78,000 PSI 540 MPAIron BalanceWRC FN 30 min Elongation 23%


AWS A5.4 E316L-17

The weld deposit of Tech-Rod 316L electrodes is similar to that of Type 316, except the carbon is limited to a maximum of 0.04%. Precise con-trol of the carbon content in Tech-Rod 316/316L electrodes provides a weld deposit matching the corrosion resistant qualities of Type 316/16L stainless steel. The extra low carbon content reduces the possibility of carbide precipita-tion and consequent intergranular corrosion.

Carbon .035 Tensile StrengthManganese 1.75 85,800 PSI 590 MPASilicon .52Chromium 18.7 Yield StrengthNickel 12.65 58,000 PSI 400 MPAMolybdenum 2.30Iron Balance Elongation 36%WRC FN 7

TECH-ROD 317LAWS A5.4 E317L-16

The weld deposit of Tech-Rod 317L is similar to that of Type 317, except the carbon is limited to a maximum of 0.04%. In addition to the resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion, this consumable offers good resistance to intergranular corrosion.

Carbon .035 Tensile StrengthManganese 1.65 82,500 PSI 570 MPASilicon .55Chromium 18.75 Yield StrengthNickel 13.0 58,000 PSI 400 MPAMolybdenum 3.4 Iron Balance Elongation 38%WRC FN 7

TECH-ROD 310 AWS A5.4 E310-16

Tech-Rod 310 electrodes are used to weld stainless steels of similar composition in wrought and cast form. The weld deposit is fully austenitic, and as such calls for minimum heat input during welding.



AWS A5.4 E309L-17

Tech-Rod 309/309L gives a weld deposit similar to 309, with reduced carbon levels (0.04% maximum) that offer increased resistance to intergranular cor-rosion. Type 309/309L is ideal for joining stainless steel to themselves or to carbon or low alloy steels. Tech-Rod 309L is preferred to Tech-Rod 309 for cladding over carbon or low alloy steels, as well as for dissimilar joints which undergo heat treatment.






TECH-ROD 320LR AWS A5.4 E320LR-16

Tech-Rod 320LR is similar in composition to Tech-Rod 320, with carbon, silicon, phospho-rus, and sulfur controlled to lower limits and columbium and manganese kept to a narrower range. This composition is designed to reduce the possibility of microfissuring; however, low heat input is advisable for welding.

Carbon .024 Tensile StrengthManganese 2.05 85,000 PSI 590 MPASilicon .24Chromium 19.8 Yield StrengthNickel 33.9 57,000 PSI 390 MPAMolybdenum 2.4Columbium + Tantalum .27 Elongation 34%Copper 3.55Sulfur .011Iron Balance WRC FN 0


Tech-Rod 330 electrodes are used to weld wrought and cast forms of stainless steel of similar chemical composition, which offer good heat and scale resistance above 1800F (980 C). However, high sulfur environments adversely affect the high temperature performance. The heat input has to be kept to a minimum during welding to avoid the possibility of microfissuring.



Tech-Rod 347 electrodes are columbium stabi-lized stainless steel electrodes used for welding Types 347 and 321 stainless and stainless clad steels. The columbium content is approximately ten times the carbon content, and when this product is used to weld stabilized Type 347 or 321 parent metal, it precludes intergranular corrosion under severe operating conditions.

Carbon .050 Tensile Strength Manganese 1.65 86,000 PSI 590 MPASilicon .52 Chromium 19.15 Yield StrengthNickel 10.15 57,000 PSI 390 MPAColumbium .6 Iron Balance Elongation 35% WRC FN 7


(904L)

Tech-Rod 385 is used for welding materials of similar chemical composition (UNS Number N08904). These materials are used in fabrication of equipment and vessels for handling and storing sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid. The weld metal is fully austenitic and, as such, the low melting con-stituents such as carbon, silicon, and phosphorus should be kept low. Welding must be done with low heat input, using stringer bead technique.

Carbon .015 Tensile StrengthManganese 2.1 88,000 PSI 610 MPA Silicon .45 Chromium 20.5 Yield StrengthNickel 25.2 65,500 PSI 450 MPAMolybdenum 4.6 Copper 1.75 Elongation 32%Iron Balance WRC FN 0


Tech-Rod 410 is designed to weld stainless steels of similar chemical composition as well as to overlay carbon steels to impart corrosion, erosion, and abrasion resistance. This material, being an air- hardening type, calls for a preheat and interpass temperature of not less than 400F (200C) during welding.

NOTE: Mechanical properties listed to the right reflect utilization of a post-weld heat treatment between 1550F and 1650 F for two hours.

Carbon .12 Tensile StrengthManganese .68 78,500 PSI 540 MPASilicon .52Chromium 12.1 Yield StrengthIron Balance 63,000 PSI 430 MPA

Elongation 23%

TECH-ROD 410NiMo AWS A5.4 E410NiMo-16

Tech-Rod 410NiMo is designed to weld materials of similar chemical composition in cast and wrought forms. Preheat and inter-pass temperatures of not less than 300F (150C) are recommended during welding.

NOTE: Mechanical properties listed to the right reflect utilization of a post-weld treatment between 1100F and 1150F for one hour.

Carbon .03 Tensile StrengthManganese .52 110,500 PSI 800 MPASilicon .45Chromium 12.1 Yield StrengthNickel 4.55 91,000 PSI 630 MPAMolybdenum .52Iron Balance Elongation 17%






Tech-Rod 430 is designed to weld materials of similar chemical composition as well as overlay on carbon steels. The undiluted weld metal is ferritic, but with the dilution from mild or low alloy steel, it could become martensitic. Therefore, preheating and interpass temperatures of 300F (150C) during welding are recommended.

Carbon .05 Tensile StrengthManganese .65 74,000 PSI 530 MPASilicon .42Chromium 16.4 Yield StrengthIron Balance 58,500 PSI 400 MPA

Elongation 23%

TECH-ROD 2209AWS A5.4 E2209-16

(Duplex Grade)

Tech-Rod 2209 is used to weld duplex stainless steels such as UNS Number N31803. The welds offer excellent resistance to stress corrosion crack-ing, and pitting. The micro-structure of the weld metal consists of austenite and ferrite. The ferrite of weld metal will be lower than the ferrite of Type 2205 base metal. Welding of duplex stainless steels calls for controlled parameters to achieve specified mechanical and corrosion resistance properties.

Carbon .02 Tensile StrengthManganese 1.65 102,000 PSI 700 MPASilicon .52Chromium 22.4 Yield StrengthNickel 8.9 87,000 PSI 600 MPAMolybdenum 3.3 Nitrogen .16 Elongation 22%Iron Balance WRC FN 35 min

TECH-ROD 2594-16AWS A5.4 E2594

(Super Duplex Grade)

Tech-Rod 2594-16 is a superduplex grade elec-trode that provides matching chemistry and mechanical property characteristics to wrought superduplex alloys such as 2507 and Zeron 100, as well as to superduplex casting alloys (ASTM A890). The electrode is overalloyed 2% to 3% in nickel to provide the optimum ferrite/austenite ratio in the finished weld. This structure results in high tensile and yield strengths and supe-rior resistance to SCC and pitting corrosion.

Carbon 0.02 Tensile Strength Manganese 1.00 130.0 PSI 900 MPASilicon 1.00Chromium 25.50 Yield StrengthNickel 9.25 101.0 PSI 695 MPACopper 0.50Molybdenum 3.90 Elongation 31%Nitrogen 0.25Iron Balance WRC FN 40 min

TECH-ROD WELD-ALL

This electrode is used for joining and overlaying a variety of steels such as carbon and spring steels, tool and die grades, stainless steels and dissimilar steels. Deposits are of high strength with satisfactory elongation and resistance to wear, corrosion, and impact. Not heat treatable.

WELDING PROCEDURES: Clean weld area and bevel heavy sections. Hold a short arc and run stringer beads for high alloy tool steels. Preheat to 400F. Peen to relieve stresses. Weld AC or DC.

Tensile Strength 120,000 PSI 830 MPA Yield Strength 65,000 PSI 450 MPA Elongation is 2 15 - 25%

Hardness 200-300 BHN





Product Specication C Mn Si Fe Cr Mo Ni Cb N S P Cu FN +Ta

TYPICAL CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF STAINLESS STEEL ELECTRODES

Tech-Rod 308/308L AWS A5.4 E308L-16 .03 1.65 .43 BAL 19.40 9.3 * .020 .021 7 AWS A5.4 E308L-17

Tech-Rod 309/309L AWS A5.4 E309L-16 .035 1.58 .53 BAL 23.45 12.6 * .021 .024 8 AWS A5.4 E309L-17

Tech-Rod 310 AWS A5.4 E310-16 .11 1.9 .52 BAL 26.2 20.95 * .012 .016 0

Tech-Rod 312 AWS A5.4 E312-16 .12 1.80 .56 BAL 29.3 9.4 * .021 .022 30 min

Tech-Rod 316 AWS A5.4 E316-16 .055 1.70 .56 BAL 18.85 2.35 12.90 * .024 .025 4

Tech-Rod 316/316L AWS A5.4 E316L-16 .035 1.75 .52 BAL 18.70 2.30 12.65 * .022 .024 7 AWS A5.4 E316L-17

Tech-Rod 317L AWS A5.4 E317L-16 .035 1.65 .55 BAL 18.75 3.40 13.00 * .019 .022 7

Tech-Rod 320LR AWS A5.4 E320LR-16 .024 2.05 .24 BAL 19.80 2.40 33.90 .27 * .011 .014 3.5 0

Tech-Rod 330 AWS A5.4 E330-16 .21 1.90 .48 BAL 15.45 34.4 * .023 .021 0

Tech-Rod 347 AWS A5.4 E347-16 .050 1.65 .52 BAL 19.15 10.15 .60 * .017 .024 7

Tech-Rod 385 AWS A5.4 E385-16 .015 2.10 .45 BAL 20.50 4.60 25.20 * .009 .018 1.7 0

Tech-Rod 410 AWS A5.4 E410-16 .12 .68 .52 BAL 12.10 * .021 .022

Tech-Rod 410NiMo AWS A5.4 E410NiMo-16 .03 .52 .45 BAL 12.10 .52 4.55 * .019 .018

Tech-Rod 430 AWS A5.4 E430-16 .05 .65 .42 BAL 16.40 * .024 .023

Tech-Rod 2209 AWS A5.4 E2209-16 .02 1.65 .52 BAL 22.4 3.3 8.9 .16 .012 .016 35 min

Tech-Rod 2594-16 AWS A5.4 E2594 .02 1.00 1.00 BAL 25.50 3.90 9.25 .25 .01 .025 0.50 40 min

Tech-Rod Weld-All

* Nitrogen in these weld deposits is usually between .04% and .08%

Amperage (A)

Process Diameter of Wire Voltage (V) Flat Vertical & Overhead

TYPICAL ELECTRODE SIZES & CURRENTS FOR SMAW WELDING OF STAINLESS STEELS

SMAW 3/32 inches (2.4 mm) 24-28 70-85 65-75

1/8 inches (3.2 mm) 26-30 85-110 80-90

5/32 inches (4.0 mm) 28-32 110-140 100-120

3/16 inches (4.8 mm) 28-32 120-160 110-130



SUGGESTIONS FOR WELDING STAINLESS STEELS

Stainless steels were primarily developed to render

corrosion resistance. There are certain other require-

ments that must be met in every stainless application.

They may include corrosion resistance in a particu-

lar medium, avoidance of contamination of product,

resistance to oxidation and carburization at elevated

temperatures as well as the ability to provide requi-

site mechanical strength. There are several grades

of stainless steels which can be broadly grouped into

300 Series, 400 Series and others. 300 Series stain-

less steels contain iron, chromium, nickel and carbon

as principal ingredients. 400 Series stainless steels

contain iron, chromium, and carbon as principal ingre-

dients. Not all 400 Series are weldable.

Weldable 400 Series stainless steels are also called

straight chromium steels, since their major alloying

element is chromium. The 400 Series can be divided

into ferritic grades and martensitic grades. Each grade

calls for different preheat and interpass welding tem-

peratures. The martensitic grades contain chromium

from 11-14% and are air hardenable unless modified

with an addition of aluminum, titanium, columbium,

or carbon levels below 0.1%. These modified grades

and the higher chromium grades up to 30% have

markedly decreased hardenability and are called

ferritic stainless steels.

The second group of stainless steels is the 300 Series.

These grades are very popular in the fabrication

industry, as they can withstand a variety of corrosion

media. The chromium content of these steels ranges

from 16% to 30%, and the nickel content from 5% to

35%. These are called austenitic steels, as the micro-

structure of these grades is predominantly austenite.

Nonetheless, there is some ferrite in several grades.

The other grades which do not contain any ferrite are

called fully austenitic grades. A small amount of ferrite

is necessary to stop cracking during solidification of

welds. However, in certain media, ferrite reduces cor-

rosion resistance, and the only choice for such media is

to opt for fully austenitic grades. Fully austenitic grades

give rise to micro-fissuring during welding, which could

be eliminated by choosing low heat input processes

along with restricted low melting constituents in the

weld metal.

Welding Requirements

To weld stainless steels, three factors are to be con-

sidered:

The type of stainless steel material that is to be

welded.

The process of welding.

The distortion caused by welding.

Welding 300 Series Stainless SteelsThe 300 Series consists of two types of material: those

which contain ferrite and austenite, and those which

contain only austenite.

None of the above requires any preheat or interpass

temperature or post weld heat treatment. However,

heating up to 150F before welding is advisable to

evaporate any condensed moisture in the joint. The

stainless steels which do not contain any ferrite are

called fully austenitic steels. These materials are prone

to develop micro-fissures during welding. Formation of

micro-fissures could be avoided by selecting the low

heat input process of welding such as TIG or shielded

metal arc with up to 1/8 diameter electrodes. The

consumables selected for welding these materials

should be able to deposit weld metal with low levels

of impurities and low melting constituents. Welding

of austenitic stainless steels with more than 10% fer-

rite should be done with low interpass temperature

in order to avoid temper embrittlement, which could

occur between 800F and 1100F. Some grades such

as 309L, 309LSi and 312, which contain higher ferrite

are used for welding dissimilar metals, in which case

the resulting ferrite in the weld deposit, after dilution

from the base materials, should be taken into consider-

ation. If the ferrite after dilution is too low say, 2FN

or less there could be a problem of microfissuring in

the welds. If the resulting ferrite is too high, such welds

undergo faster embrittlement and it is advisable to

limit such welds to one or two layers.




Welding 400 Series Stainless SteelsWelding most of the 400 Series stainless steels calls

for maintaining preheat and interpass temperatures,

and in some cases post-weld heating to avoid forma-

tion of brittle structure called martensite.

Techalloy 409Cb, 430 and 430LCb grades which

are ferritic do not require preheat, but it is advis-

able to heat to 200F to avoid condensation in the

joint. Techalloy 410 calls for a preheat and interpass

temperature of 400F to avoid possible formation of

martensite. Techalloy 420 is a martensitic grade, and

is extremely sensitive to air hardening, and should be

preheated and welded above 600F and subjected to

post-weld heating at 500F for one hour.

Welding Duplex and Super Duplex Stainless SteelsDuplex and super duplex stainless steels were developed

to combine the best properties of austenitic and ferritic

steels. They have higher yield strength, 65 Ksi (450 N/

mm2), and higher tensile strength, 100 Ksi (69 N/mm2),

compared to 300 Series stainless steels. These steels

are resistant to corrosion as well as to stress corrosion

cracking and pitting from hydrocarbon compounds.

Filler metals to weld duplex and super duplex stainless

steels will have similar chemical composition to that

of the parent metal except that the nickel is higher by

3% to 4%. Higher nickel is required to reduce ferrite in

order to obtain optimum mechanical properties.

Duplex and super duplex stainless steels are sensi-

tive to embrittlement around 900F and could rapidly

form brittle inter-metallic phases (such as CHI and

SIGMA) between 1300F and 1500F. Control of

heat input during welding is essential to avoid forma-

tion of intermetallic phases. Heat input in the range of

15-60 KJ/inch is recommended for welding.

Duplex stainless steels typically have a pitting index

between 35 and 38, and super duplexes typically have

a pitting index above 40. Pitting index is calculated

with the following formula:

PITTING INDEX = %Cr +3.3 (%Mo) +16(%N)

Welding ProcessesInfluence of welding processes and parameters also are

to be considered for welding stainless steels. The major

welding processes are:

Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW)

Submerged arc welding (SAW)

TIG welding

MIG welding

FCAW

SMAW WeldingIn shielded metal arc welding, the consumable used for

welding is a coated electrode. The coating flux contains

various minerals in order to impart different characteris-

tics to welding. Some principal functions of the flux are:

To ionize the arc atmosphere and improve metal

transfer

To generate shielding gases, and thus protect the

molten weld metal from atmospheric oxidation

To provide slag coverage to the molten weld metal

To provide deoxidants to react with dissolved

oxygen in the weld metal and protect alloying

elements

To provide alloying elements to the weld

To make a clean slag-metal separation on solidi-

fication.

The electrodes should be transferred to a holding oven

when the package is opened to stop them from absorb-

ing moisture from the atmosphere.

Electrode Storage & ReconditioningCoated electrodes just removed from sealed contain-

ers are intended to be used as is from the container.

Electrodes from open containers should be stored in a

holding oven at 215F 240F.

Open cans of electrodes exposed to a high humidity

atmosphere for more than four hours or low humid-

ity for more than eight hours should be reconditioned

before using by baking in a drying oven for 1-2 hours

at 400F 500F.




SAW WeldingIn submerged arc welding, the flux is separately fed

into the joint where the consumable wire establishes

an arc beneath the flux. In the heat generated from

the arc, the wire as well as some part of the flux melts.

As the welding head moves along the joint, slag and

metal separate by virtue of the difference in their

specific gravities, and on solidification, the weld metal

makes the joint, and the slag will be chipped off. The

functions of the flux are similar to those in shielded

metal arc welding. Heat input is high in SAW leading

to higher productivity.

TIG WeldingIn TIG welding, the arc is struck between the work-

piece and a non-consumable electrode like thoriated

tungsten for welding ferrous materials, and zirconiated

tungsten for aluminum. The consumable wire is melted

in the arc atmosphere and the inert gases like argon

or helium or their mixture are used as shielding gases.

TIG is extremely suitable for joining thin sheets and

tubes, and for making root pass welding in pipes, since

the heat input in this process is minimal. TIG welds do

not cause any undercuts or excessive penetration, and

the distortion is the lowest of any welding process. TIG

welds provide superior quality weld metal, but the pro-

ductivity is low.

MIG WeldingGas-Metal-Arc welding is generally called MIG (metal

inert gas) welding. In this process, the consumable

travels through a nozzle and a tip before it strikes an

arc with the workpiece. The arc atmosphere is shielded

by gases like:

100% argon

99% argon with 1% oxygen

97% argon with 3% carbon dioxide

MIG welding is a high-productivity process. MIG weld-

ing doesnt need expensive machinery, and the welding

machines are easily transportable, making this process

very popular on construction sites. In MIG welding,

shielding gas, welding parameters, and the consumable

assume an important role. Shielding gases are chosen

taking quality, cost and operability into consideration.

Control of Distortion Due to WeldingTwo factors contribute to distortion:

The thermal coefficient of expansion of austenitic

stainless steels is very high compared to that of

mild steels.

The conductivity of heat of stainless steels is

much less than that of mild steels.

Due to the combination of the above factors, stainless

steels undergo distortion, which must be controlled by

using suitable jigs, fixtures, and balanced heat input

during welding.

Estimation of Delta Ferrite in Austenetic Stainless SteelThere are three methods of estimating ferrite in stain-

less steels:

By measuring with instruments like Magna-

Gauge, which work on the principle of measuring

the magnetic strength.

By calculating from the chemical composition with

the help of diagrams developed by Schaeffler,

DeLong, and Welding Research Council.

By metallographic methods.

Of the above, the first two items are popular, while the

third approach is laborious and time-consuming. Ferrite

can be measured from an undiluted weld metal employ-

ing a calibrated instrument. Ferrite can also be esti-

mated from the chemical composition of undiluted weld

metal using multiple regression charts. Measured ferrite

and estimated ferrite could differ to a certain extent.

The welding parameters, thermal experience, and the

size, shape, and orientation of ferrite could influence

the accuracy of measurements.




DELONG DIAGRAM: Calculate the nickel and chromium equivalents from the weld metal analysis. If nitrogen

analysis of the weld metal is not available, assume 0.06% for GTA and covered electrode, or 0.08% for GMA weld

metals. The DeLong diagram predicts the WRC Ferrite Number within plus or minus 3 in approximately 90% of the

tests for the 308, 309, 316, and 317 families.

NIC

KEL

EQ

UIV

ALE

NT

= %

Ni +

30

X %

C +

30

X %

N +

0.5

X %

Mn

16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27CHROMIUM EQUIVALENT = %Cr + %Mo + 1.5 x %Si + 0.5 x %Cb

21

20

19

18

17

16

15

14

13

12

11

10

SCHAEFFLER A + M LINE

AUSTENITE

PRIOR MAGNETIC PERCENT FERRITE

AUSTENITE PLUS FERRITE

WRC FERRITE NUMBER

13.8%1

2.3%10

.7%9.2%

7.6%6

%4%

2%0%

0

2

46

810

1214

1618

DELONG (FN) DIAGRAM FOR STAINLESS STEEL WELD METAL

WRC-1992 DIAGRAM FOR STAINLESS STEEL WELD METALN

i eq =

Ni +

35C

+ 2

0N+

0.2

5Cu

18

16

14

12

10

18 20 22 24 26 28 30Creq = Cr + Mo + 0.7 Cb

9080

7060

5040

3026

2218

10

100

14

6

2

85

95

75

6555

4535

28242

0

4

8

12

16

0

FA

F

AF

A

18 20 22 24 26 28 3018

16

14

12

10



LOW ALLOY STEEL WIRES

TECHALLOY 80S-B2 AWS A5.28 ER80S-B2

Techalloy 80S-B2 is designed for the gas metal arc welding of 1-1/4 Cr / 1/2 Mo steels, which are used for high temperature service. Preheating and inter-pass temperatures of not less than 300F must be used during welding.

NOTE: Mechanical properties (listed to the right) reflect utilization of a post-weld heat treatment between 1125F and 1175F for one hour.

Carbon .09 Tensile StrengthManganese .55 85,000 PSI 590 MPASilicon .48Chromium 1.35 Yield StrengthMolybdenum .55 71,500 PSI 490 MPA

Elongation 21%

Impact Strength @ 32F (0C) 60 ft-lbs 80 Joules

A strong tradition has helped position Techalloy as a leading supplier of Low Alloy solid wires for critical fabrications.

TECHALLOY 80S-B6 (Techalloy 502)

AWS A5.2 ER80S-B6

Techalloy 80S-B6 is designed to weld materials of similar chemical composition, for high temperature service applications. This is an air-hardening mate-rial and as such calls for preheat and interpass temperatures of 350F minimum during welding.

NOTE: Mechanical properties (listed to the right) reflect utilization of a post-weld heat treatment between 1550F and 1600F for two hours.

Carbon .07 Tensile StrengthManganese .44 78,500 PSI 540 MPASilicon .36Chromium 5.45 Yield StrengthMolybdenum .55 60,500 PSI 420 MPA

Elongation 32%

TECHALLOY 80S-B8(Techalloy 505)

AWS A5.28 ER80S-B8

Techalloy 80S-B8 is designed for welding materials of similar composition. This alloy, being an air-hard-ening type, calls for preheat and interpass tem-peratures of not less than 350F during welding.

NOTE: Mechanical properties (listed to the right) reflect utilization of a post-weld heat treatment between 1550F and 1600F for two hours.

Carbon .08 Tensile StrengthManganese .45 79,000 PSI 550 MPASilicon .34Chromium 9.15 Yield StrengthMolybdenum 1.05 63,000 PSI 430 MPA

Elongation 30%

TECHALLOY 90S-B9 AWS A5.28 ER90S-B9

For welding 9 CrMo P91 grade steels. Requires controlled preheat, interpass and post weld heat treatment.

NOTE: Mechanical properties (listed to the right) reflect utilization of a post-weld heat treatment of 1400F for two hours.

Carbon .11 Tensile StrengthManganese .60 112,000 PSI 772 MPASilicon .19Chromium 9.0 Yield StrengthNickel .5 100,000 PSI 690 MPAMolybdenum .95 Vanadium .18 Elongation 17%Columbium .07Iron Balance Impact Strength 40 ft-lbs at room temp. 54 Joules

TECHALLOY 90S-B3AWS A5.28 ER90S-B3

Techalloy 90S-B3 is designed for gas metal arc welding of 2-1/4 Cr / 1 Mo steels, which are used for high temperature applications. A preheat and interpass temperature of not less than 350F should be maintained during welding.

NOTE: Mechanical properties (listed to the right) reflect utilization of a post-weld heat treatment between 1250F and 1300F for one hour.

Carbon .10 Tensile StrengthManganese .62 94,500 PSI 650 MPASilicon .48Chromium 2.55 Yield StrengthMolybdenum 1.08 80,500 PSI 550 MPA

Elongation 19%

Impact Strength @ 68F (20C) 80 ft-lbs 105 Joules




TECHALLOY 110S-1 AWS A5.28 ER110S-1

Techalloy 110S-1 is intended for applications where high strength, combined with low temperature duc-tility are prime considerations. Applications include welding of HY100 and other high strength, low alloy steels. A preheat and interpass temperature of not less than 300F is required during welding.

NOTE: Mechanical properties of welds (listed to the right) are greatly influenced by the preheat, interpass temperature, the heat input, and the post- weld heat treatment.

Carbon .07 Tensile StrengthManganese 1.55 114,500 PSI 790 MPASilicon .45Chromium .30 Yield StrengthNickel 2.30 98,000 PSI 680 MPAMolybdenum .42 Iron Balance Elongation 17%

Impact Strength @ -60F / -51C 60 ft-lbs 87 Joules

TECHALLOY 120S-1 AWS A5.28 ER120S-1

Techalloy 120S-1 is a high strength, low alloy steel welding wire developed for welding HY100 and other high strength steels. The weld deposits also give adequate low temperature toughness down to -60F. A preheat and interpass temperature of not less than 300F is recommended during welding.

NOTE: Mechanical properties of welds (listed to the right) are greatly influenced by the preheat, interpass temperature, the heat input, and the post- weld heat treatment.

Carbon .08 Tensile StrengthManganese 1.55 124,000 PSI 860 MPASilicon .48Chromium .35 Yield StrengthNickel 2.55 106,500 PSI 730 MPAMolybdenum .50 Iron Balance Elongation 15%

Impact Strength @ -60F / -51C 60 ft-lbs 80 Joules

TECHALLOY 4130 Techalloy 4130 is a high strength, low alloy welding wire for joining steels of similar chemical composition, as well as for overlays where moderate hardness is required. This wire can be used for TIG, MIG and submerged arc welding applications. A preheat and interpass temperature of not less than 400F is required during welding.

NOTE: Mechanical properties of welds (listed to the right) are governed by the heat treatment under- gone by the weld metal. Mechanical properties are for weld metal oil quenched from 1550F and tempered at 1050F.

Carbon .31 Tensile StrengthManganese .52 145,000 PSI 1,000 MPASilicon .28Chromium .93 Yield StrengthMolybdenum .20 130,000 PSI 900 MPAIron Balance Elongation 11%

LOW ALLOY STEEL WIRES

TECHALLOY 515 AWS A5.23 EB2

Techalloy 515 is a 1-1/4 Cr / .5 Mo wire for submerged arc welding applications of steels with similar chemical composition. A preheat and interpass temperature of not les than 300F should be maintained during welding.

NOTE: Mechanical properties (listed to the right) of welds are greatly influenced by the flux used as well as the heat input and the post-weld heat treatment. Mechanical properties listed to the right reflect utilization of a post-weld heat treatment of 1125F to 1175F for one hour.

Carbon .10 Tensile StrengthManganese .65 84,500 PSI 580 MPASilicon .25Chromium 1.45 Yield StrengthMolybdenum .54 71,000 PSI 490 MPAIron Balance Elongation 22%

TECHALLOY 521 AWS A5.23 EB3

Techalloy 521 is a 2-1/2 Cr / 1 Mo wire for submerged arc welding applications of steels with similar chemical composition. A preheat and interpass temperature of not less than 350F should be maintained during welding.

NOTE: Mechanical properties of welds (listed to the right) are greatly influenced by the flux used as well as the heat input and the post-weld heat treatment. Mechanical properties

welding handbook

Documents

welding nickel

stainless steel welding

welding stainless steels

recommended welding

welding low alloy steels

high nickel alloy electrodes

typical chemical composition

submerged arc welding