welcome to alternative buffer material · performed buffer analysis uptake and planned analysis...
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TC LAYECHNOLOGY AB
ABM PM December 04, 2008
Page 1
Welcome toAlternative Buffer Material
Project meeting2008-12-04, Lund
TC LAYECHNOLOGY AB
ABM PM December 04, 2008
Page 2Agenda08:30 General project information
Torbjörn Sandén Introduction to Analysis and SKB part Daniel Svensson AECL Microbe Study Daniel Svensson
10:00 Coffee 10:15 Presentations on ABM analyses
Posiva
Arto Muurinen Posiva/BTech Sirpa Kompulainen
BGR Reiner Dohrman and Stephan Kaufhold SKB Microbe study Karsten Pedersen
TC LAYECHNOLOGY AB
ABM PM December 04, 2008
Page 3Agenda12:00 Lunch 13:00 Reserved time for any other Posiva Petri Korkeakoski 13:30 Discussion Performed buffer analysis Uptake and planned analysis Next meeting 15:00 End of meeting, ABM - Coffee 15:15 Presentation of new cement-bentonite project: Concrete and Clay Patrik Sellin 15:45 Reserved time for recent iron-bentonite research related to the planning of ABM analysis
and/or excavation. Nicolas Michau and Urs Mäder Characterisation of 8 year old Fe-bentonite specimens Sirpa Kompulainen Posiva Fe-bentonite research plan Paul Wersin 17:30 End of meeting
TC LAYECHNOLOGY AB
ABM PM December 04, 2008
Page 4
Torbjörn Sandén, Clay Technology AB
Introduction to the ABM project
TC LAYECHNOLOGY AB
ABM PM December 04, 2008
Page 5
•Objectives with the tests•Experiment design•Results from measurements in field•Termination of package 1
This presentation
TC LAYECHNOLOGY AB
ABM PM December 04, 2008
Page 6Objectives
Detect and describe differences between different clay materials regarding:
•Manufacturing and handling of blocks•Mineral stability•Physical properties
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Page 7Experiment design
1 2 34 m4 m
Short-time (1-2 years).Heated from start.Artificial saturation from start.
Medium-time (2-4 years).Heating started when buffer was saturated.Artificial saturation from start.
Long-term (≥ 5 years).Heated from start.No artificial saturation.
Experiment design based on LOT with some modifications:
• Different materials are tested • Less instrumentation• Shorter deposit holes (3m)• Complete package length heated• Central tube made of steel• No inserts or tracers
4 x T
4 x T
4 x T
4 x T
4 x T
MX-80
MX-80
Ibeco SealDeponit
Ikosorb
Friedland
Asha 505Calcigel
Callovo-OxfordianFebex
MX-80 granulate
MX-80 granulate+quarz
Kunigel V1
Rokle
DeponitAsha 505
Rokle
Callovo-Oxfordian
MX-80
MX-80
IkosorbFriedland
Febex
Ibeco Seal
Calcigel
Kunigel V1
MX-80 granulate+quarz
MX-80 granulate
MX-80MX-80
TC LAYECHNOLOGY AB
ABM PM December 04, 2008
Page 8ABM. Test layout, Package 1
Installed materials:MX-80 6MX-80 granulate 2MX-80 gr.+ quarz 2Ikosorb 2Deponit CA-N 2Ibeco SEAL M-90 2Friedland 2Asha 505 2Calcigel 2Callovo Oxfordian 2Febex 2Kunigel V1 2Rokle 2
Total 30 blocks
MX-80MX-80
MX-80 granulate
MX-80 granulate+quarz
Kunigel V1
Calcigel
Ibeco Seal
Febex
FriedlandIkosorb
MX-80
MX-80
Callovo-Oxfordian
Rokle
Asha 505Deponit
Rokle
Kunigel V1
MX-80 granulate+quarz
MX-80 granulate
FebexCallovo-Oxfordian
CalcigelAsha 505
Friedland
Ikosorb
DeponitIbeco Seal
MX-80
MX-80
3000
300
Top
heat
er (5
00 W
)B
otto
m h
eate
r (50
0 W
)
Mai
n he
ater
(100
0 W
)
4 x T
4 x T
4 x T
4 x T
4 x T
Thermocouples at 5 levels:Inside tube and 5, 40 and 60 mm from tube(2 temperature indicators between each block)
Sand layer between blocks and rock
Central tube (steel)
Heaters (central, top and bottom)
Bentonite pellets
TC LAYECHNOLOGY AB
ABM PM December 04, 2008
Page 9Package 1, Temperature developement
4 x T
4 x T
4 x T
4 x T
4 x T
MX-80
MX-80
Ibeco SealDeponit
Ikosorb
Friedland
Asha 505Calcigel
Callovo-OxfordianFebex
MX-80 granulate
MX-80 granulate+quarz
Kunigel V1
Rokle
DeponitAsha 505
Rokle
Callovo-Oxfordian
MX-80
MX-80
IkosorbFriedland
Febex
Ibeco Seal
Calcigel
Kunigel V1
MX-80 granulate+quarz
MX-80 granulate
MX-80MX-80
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Time, days (Day 0-4 dec 2006)
Te
mp
era
ture
,
5 mm from pipe40 mm from pipe60 mm from pipe
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Time, days (Day 0-4 dec 2006)
Te
mp
era
ture
,
5 mm from pipe40 mm from pipe60 mm from pipe
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Time, days (Day 0-4 dec 2006)
Te
mp
era
ture
,
5 mm from pipe40 mm from pipe60 mm from pipe
Package 1:
•Artificial saturation from start
•Heated from start
TC LAYECHNOLOGY AB
ABM PM December 04, 2008
Page 10Package 1, Temperature distribution
4 x T
4 x T
4 x T
4 x T
4 x T
MX-80
MX-80
Ibeco SealDeponit
Ikosorb
Friedland
Asha 505Calcigel
Callovo-OxfordianFebex
MX-80 granulate
MX-80 granulate+quarz
Kunigel V1
Rokle
DeponitAsha 505
Rokle
Callovo-Oxfordian
MX-80
MX-80
IkosorbFriedland
Febex
Ibeco Seal
Calcigel
Kunigel V1
MX-80 granulate+quarz
MX-80 granulate
MX-80MX-80
TC LAYECHNOLOGY AB
ABM PM December 04, 2008
Page 11Artificial water saturation.
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800Time, days
Pre
ssu
re,
ba
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
Inje
vte
d w
ate
r vo
lum
Water pressureInjected water
No artificial water injection.
•One system is supplying both package 1 and 2 with water•Total amount of water injected is higher than the volume needed for saturation (less than 100 l)•By closing the water supply to package 2 for some days it was detected that leakages are in package 1.• The water pressure applied is not high enough in order to avoid boiling (1.8 bar is enough to avoid boiling at 117°C while 2.7 bar is needed for 130°).
TC LAYECHNOLOGY AB
ABM PM December 04, 2008
Page 12Artificial water saturation.
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800Time, days
Pre
ssu
re,
ba
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
Inje
vte
d w
ate
r vo
lum
Water pressureInjected water
No artificial water injection.
Depending on the boiling, parts of the bentonite are affected by other processes (vapour transport and condensation)
TC LAYECHNOLOGY AB
ABM PM December 04, 2008
Page 13Package 2, Humidity
Package 2:
•Artificial saturation from start
•Heating starts after saturation
1 x RH
1 x RH
1 x RH
1 x RH
Package 2, Relative Humidity (scatter in measurements removed)
80
85
90
95
100
105
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Time, days (Day 0-4 dec 2006)
Re
lativ
e H
umid
ity
RH block 3RH block 9RH block 22RH block 28
TC LAYECHNOLOGY AB
ABM PM December 04, 2008
Page 14Package 2, Temperature developement
4 x T
4 x T
4 x T
4 x T
4 x T
Heaters were started19 August 2008
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Time, days (Day 0-4 dec 2006)
Te
mp
era
ture
,
5 mm from pipe40 mm from pipe60 mm from pipe
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Time, days (Day 0-4 dec 2006)
Te
mp
era
ture
,
5 mm from pipe40 mm from pipe60 mm from pipe
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Time, days (Day 0-4 dec 2006)
Te
mp
era
ture
,
5 mm from pipe40 mm from pipe60 mm from pipe
TC LAYECHNOLOGY AB
ABM PM December 04, 2008
Page 15Package 2, Cracking
4 x T
4 x T
4 x T
4 x T
4 x T
The concrete block at the top has crackedand will be reinforced before increasing the temperature.
TC LAYECHNOLOGY AB
ABM PM December 04, 2008
Page 16Package 3, Temperature developement
4 x T
4 x T
4 x T
4 x T
4 x T
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Time, days (Day 0-4 dec 2006)
Te
mp
era
ture
,
5 mm from pipe40 mm from pipe60 mm from pipe
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Time, days (Day 0-4 dec 2006)
Te
mp
era
ture
,
5 mm from pipe40 mm from pipe60 mm from pipe
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Time, days (Day 0-4 dec 2006)
Te
mp
era
ture
,
5 mm from pipe40 mm from pipe60 mm from pipe
Package 3:
•No artificial saturation
•Heated from start
TC LAYECHNOLOGY AB
ABM PM December 04, 2008
Page 17Package 3, Temperature distribution
4 x T
4 x T
4 x T
4 x T
4 x T
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ABM PM December 04, 2008
Page 18Termination of Package 1?
• The target temperature, 130°C, was reached the 4th of december 2007.
• The temperature wasdecreased to 100°C for about 120 days dependingon high water inflow and a decrease of the water pressure.
• The termination will be made with the same technique as used in the LOT project with someexceptions.
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Time, days (Day 0-4 dec 2006)
Te
mp
era
ture
,
5 mm from pipe40 mm from pipe60 mm from pipe
TC LAYECHNOLOGY AB
ABM PM December 04, 2008
Page 19Termination of Package 1
• Heater decreaseduring 1 month.
• 2 x core drilled holes(d=300 mm)
• Overlapping drilling around the hole(percussion drilling, d=125 mm)
• Wire sawing in order to release the package in the bottom
TC LAYECHNOLOGY AB
ABM PM December 04, 2008
Page 20Termination of Package 1
• In order to stabilize the rock column during lifting, beamsare positioned around it and straps are used to keepeverything in place
• The lifting is made by use of steel wires placed in threedirections around the package
• Due to the sand filter in ABM, it is important to secure the steel tube and the bentonite relative the rock parcel. A scenario could otherwise be that the bottom of the rock column falls of and the bentonite and tube with it.
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Page 21Transport to a dry niche
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Page 22Releasing the bentonite from the rock
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Page 23Laboratory tests1
35
79
A
B
C
NW
SE
Scope of laboratory tests after termination is not decided.
• Water ratio distribution• Density distribution• Swelling pressure• Hydraulic conductivity• Rheological properties • Mineralogy (ICP/AES, CEC, XRD etc.)
• Pore water chemistry• Iron –bentonite
4 x T
4 x T
4 x T
4 x T
4 x T
MX-80
MX-80
Ibeco SealDeponit
Ikosorb
Friedland
Asha 505
Calcigel
Callovo-Oxfordian
Febex
MX-80 granulate
MX-80 granulate+quarz
Kunigel V1
Rokle
DeponitAsha 505
Rokle
Callovo-Oxfordian
MX-80
MX-80
IkosorbFriedland
Febex
Ibeco Seal
Calcigel
Kunigel V1
MX-80 granulate+quarz
MX-80 granulate
MX-80MX-80
TC LAYECHNOLOGY AB
ABM PM December 04, 2008
Page 24Compilation of test status
• Package 1. When are we going to terminate the test? Scope of laboratory investigations?
• Package 2. After reinforcement of the concrete at the top, the temperature will be increased.
• Package 3. Have been running at target temperature for one year.