week 5 unit 1

Week 5 Unit 1:

Creating Manual Postings

Public© 2016 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. 2

Creating Manual PostingsAccounting

Company

Liq

uid

ity

Ma

na

ge

me

nt

Contr

olli

ng

Accounting


Creating Manual PostingsOperational and financial business areas

Operational

Business

Areas

Cash Flow

Management

Financial and

Management

Accounting

Fixed Assets

TaxesManagement

Accounting Cash

Payables and

Receivables

Inventory

Valuation

General

Ledger

Payables

Register

Tax

RegisterCash Register

Receivables

Register


Creating Manual PostingsDocument flow into Accounting

Invoices, Payments

Valuation Run Business Transaction Journal Entries

Journal Entry Voucher


Creating Manual PostingsJournal entry types

Business Transaction

Journal

Entry

Type

Journal Entry Voucher

Journal Entry

Journal Entry Type

Business Transaction Type


Creating Manual PostingsManual VAT entry

Note

All entries to VAT accounts are automatically reconciled with the General Ledger:

even in manual VAT entry

No system check in manual VAT entry for combination of G/L account and tax code

Manual VAT EntryBusiness Transaction

Manual Entry for TaxJournal Entries


SAP Business ByDesign System

Creating Manual PostingsDemo

https://my338807.sapbydesign.com/sap/public/ap/ui/repository/SAP_UI/HTMLOBERON5/client.html


Posting by set of books possible

One unique document in Accounting

Journal entries are always generated

automatically

Reversal concept

Reversal is always performed by reference only

Source document and reference concept

(posting follows process)

Creating Manual PostingsSummary

Thank you

Contact information:

[email protected]


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No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or for any purpose without the express permission of SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company.

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company) in Germany and other countries. Please see http://global12.sap.com/corporate-en/legal/copyright/index.epx for additional trademark information and notices.

Some software products marketed by SAP SE and its distributors contain proprietary software components of other software vendors.

National product specifications may vary.

These materials are provided by SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company for informational purposes only, without representation or warranty of any kind, and SAP SE or its

affiliated companies shall not be liable for errors or omissions with respect to the materials. The only warranties for SAP SE or SAP affiliate company products and

services are those that are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services, if any. Nothing herein should be construed as

constituting an additional warranty.

In particular, SAP SE or its affiliated companies have no obligation to pursue any course of business outlined in this document or any related presentation, or to develop

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looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from expectations. Readers are cautioned not to place

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Week 5 Unit 2: Performing

Financial Closing


Performing Financial ClosingClosing steps

010 – Operational

Postings

015 – Late Operational

Postings

020 – Closing Entries

080 – Adjusting

Entries for

Income

Statement by

Nature of

Expense

990 – Closing Balance

991 – Profit and Loss Calculation of

Retained Earnings

001 – Opening Balance

Closing Steps for

Operational Postings

Closing Steps for Closing

and Adjusting Entries

Closing Steps for Balance

Carryforward Entries

001991990080020015010


Performing Financial ClosingClosing steps for operational postings

Period 12 Period 1

Business Task

Time of Data Entry

Source Documents

Period: 12

Closing Period 12 for

010 – Operational Postings

Opening Period 12 for

010 - Operational Postings

Source Documents

Period: 12

Journal Entries

Operational

Postings

010

Journal Entries

Operational

Postings

015

Journal Entries

Operational

Postings

010


Performing Financial ClosingBusiness tasks in the General Ledger work center

G/L Accounts

Common Tasks

Journal Entries

Closing Cockpit

Periodic Tasks

Reports

New Journal Entry Voucher

Errors when

generating

journal entry

vouchers

Management

Accounting

Inventory

Valuation

Fixed Assets

Payables,

Receivables,

and Cash

Tax

Management

Fin

ancia

l and M

anag

em

ent A

ccounting

Cash F

low

Managem

ent

Opera

tional B

usin

ess A

reas

Work

Master Data

Balance Carryforward

Statutory Reports

Post Recurring Journal Entry Vouchers

Reconciliation

Revie

w R

econ

cili

ation R

un

Revie

w B

ala

nce

Carr

yfo

rward

(Test)

Run

Overview

General Ledger


Performing Financial ClosingClosing-relevant tasks

General Ledger

Overview

G/L Accounts

Journal Entries

Closing Cockpit

Periodic Tasks

Reports

Common Tasks

Closing-Relevant Tasks

Closing Cockpit

Source Documents

Receivables

Payables

Payment Management

General Ledger

Fixed Assets

Cost and Revenue

Inventory Valuation

Liquidity Management

Travel and Expense

Tax Management

Managing My Area

Work

Master Data

Tasks to be

completed for

financial closing


Performing Financial ClosingBusiness value

Report

Create

Balance

Audit Trail

Create

Schedule of

Fixed Assets

Create

Financial

Statements

Valuate

Post

Accruals

and

Valuations

Post

Reserves

and

Transfers

Perform

Foreign

Currency Re-

measurement

Run

Perform

Depreciation

and Other

Valuation

Runs

Prepare

Perform

Physical

Inventory

Send

Balance

Confirmations

to Suppliers

and

Customers

Run Other

Period

Closing

Preparations



Performing Financial ClosingDemo



Central and standardized closing procedure

Reconciliation capabilities to proof the

consistency across different business areas

Transparency by overview of the closing status

Parallel accounting functionality

Performing Financial ClosingSummary

Thank you


[email protected]

Week 5 Unit 3:

Serving External Stakeholders


Serving External StakeholdersReporting structures

Chart of Accounts

G/L accounts listed

by account number

Reporting Structures

G/L accounts

structured by structure

items

Structure Type

Using G/L Accounts Using Functional Areas,

Price Components

Account Structures (Trial

Balance, Schedule of

Changes)

Income Statements by

Function of Expense

Balance Sheets

Income Statements by

Nature of Expense

Cash Flow Statements

(Direct and Indirect

Method)


Serving External StakeholdersIncome statement by function of expenses

Operating Profit:

Gross Profit on Sales

– Operating Costs

Gross Profit on Sales:

Net Sales Revenues

- Cost of Goods Sold

Operating Costs:

Selling Expenses

+ Research & Development

+ Other Operating Costs

Functional Areas

Cost of Goods Sold

Sales and Marketing

Administration

Research and Development

Production, and so on

+ Administration Expenses


Serving External StakeholdersFunctional area determination

1st Priority: Manually entered functional area

2nd Priority: Functional area assigned

to G/L account

G/L account Delivery Costs restricted to Sales Object

Cost of Goods Sold functional area

G/L account Delivery Costs restricted to Nonsales Object

Administration functional area

3rd Priority: Functional area assigned

to cost center type

Accounting cost center

Administration cost center type

Administration functional area

Consumer Fair project

Organized by Marketing cost center

Marketing cost center type

Marketing functional area

4th Priority: Default functional area 9900

Cost of Goods Sold

Sales and Marketing

Administration



Cost Center

Types

G/L Accounts

Restricted to

Sales Object

G/L Accounts

Restricted to

Nonsales Object

Search sequence of the functional area determination:


Serving External StakeholdersDegrees of profit center/segment reporting

Degree of Profit

Center/Segment

Reporting

Profit Center/Segment

Determination for the Following

Line Items

Allows the Following Reports on Profit Center/Segment

Level

1. Profit Center/Segment

Reporting

Sales Ledger, Cost Ledger

Material Ledger

Production Ledger

Fixed Assets Ledger

Purchasing Ledger

Income Statements

Balance Sheets for Asset, Material and WIP items


Reporting with

Balancing

Additional:

Payables Ledger

Receivables Ledger

Tax Ledger

Additional:

Balance Sheet items for Payables, Receivables and Tax


Reporting with Clearing

Additional:

Cash Ledger

Additional:

Balance Sheet items for Cash


Serving External StakeholdersFunctional area determination

Select in Project Scope Profit Center/Segment Reporting NO Profit Center/Segment

Reporting

Income Statement by Function of

Expense or

Earned Profit Analysis

2 – CoS and PrCtr/Segment

4 – CoS and PrCtr/Segment with

Balancing

6 – CoS, PrCtr/Segment with Clearing

7 – CoS

NO Income Statement by Function of

Expense or

Earned Profit Analysis

1 – PrCtr/Segment

3 – PrCtr/Segment with Balancing

5 – PrCtr/Segment with Clearing

[Initial]



Serving External StakeholdersDemo



Built-in analytics enable a drilldown up to the source

document

Parallel accounting functionality enables creation of

financial statements that comply with appropriate

accounting principles

Income statements by function of expense are

structured by functional areas

For profit center or segment reporting, you must

choose one of three degrees of profit center/segment

reporting

Serving External StakeholdersSummary

Thank you


[email protected]

Week 5 Unit 4:

Serving Internal Stakeholders


Serving Internal StakeholdersBusiness topics in Management Accounting

Cost Center

Management

Accounting

Overhead Costs

Production

Costing

Production Lots

Sales and Profit Analysis

Sales

Orders

Service

Orders

Project Cost and

Revenue Management

Customer

Projects

Overhead Cost

Projects

Direct Cost and Revenues

Work

in P

rocess

Direct Cost Overhead Costs

Direct Cost

Projects


Serving Internal StakeholdersIncome statement by function of expenses

Operating Profit:

Gross Profit on Sales

– Operating Costs

Gross Profit on Sales:

Net Sales Revenues

- Cost of Goods Sold

Operating Costs:

Selling Expenses

+ Research & Development

+ Other Operating Costs

Functional Areas

Cost of Goods Sold

Sales and Marketing

Administration



+ Administration Expenses


Customer Group

Sales Unit

Pro

fit

An

aly

sis

Att

rib

ute

s

Sales Unit

Account

Product

Material

Service

contains

derives

Serving Internal StakeholdersProfit analysis

Service Orders

Sales Documents

Sales Order Item

Direct Cost Projects

Cost Objects

Cost Center derives

Customer Group

Product Category

ID

Country

Region

Sales Unit


Serving Internal StakeholdersProfit types

Invoice Profit

Time of Data Entry

Sales Order Item

Revenue

Recognition

Run

Earned ProfitOrder Profit

Revenue

Recognition

Point

Recognizes

Net Value and

Cost of SalesCustomer Invoice

Warehouse

Confirmation



Serving Internal StakeholdersDemo



Standard reporting serves all business

topics in Management Accounting

Structure of profit analysis and income

statement by function of expense is similar

Harmonization of Financials

Serving Internal StakeholdersSummary

Thank you


[email protected]