WEEE/RoHS Directive and the Compliance

Implications

IEEE EMC Society

Detroit Chapter

D.L.S. Electronic Systems, Inc.

Jack Black November 2, 2006

What is WEEE

• EU Directive 2002/96/EC Issued Jan 2003

• Waste of Electrical and Electronic Equipment

• Electrical and Electronic Equipment

• Effective July 1, 2006

• Associated with RoHS Directive 2002/95/EC

• Requires Legal Responsibility For Recycling

WEEE Specifics

• Responsibilities Fall to Producers

• Waste of Electrical and Electronic Equipment

• Register With Member States

• Meet Information Requirements

• Provide Financial Guarantees

• Finance the Collection, Treatment, Recovery, and disposal of WEEE

WEEE Exemptions

• EEE for Military Purposes

• Large Scale Stationary Machine Plant Tools

• Implanted and Infected Medical Equipment

• EEE That is Part of Another Type of Equipment not Subject to WEEE Directive

• Effective July 1, 2006

WEEE Marking

• Before August 2005 • Current

What is RoHS

• EU Directive 2002/95/EC Issued Jan 2003

• Reduction of Hazardous Substances

• Electrical and Electronic Equipment

• Effective July 1, 2006

• Associated with WEEE Directive 2002/96/EC

• Specific References to Product Categories

CE Mark Requirements

• Must Be Compliant to ALL Applicable Directives• Reduction of Hazardous Substances• Waste of Electrical and Electronic Equipment• EMC Directive• Low Voltage Directive• Machinery Directive• Medical Device Directive• End of Life Vehicle Directive

Restricted Substances

• Heavy Metals

– Cadmium– Mercury – Lead – Hexavalent Chromium

Restricted Substances

• Flame Retardants

– Polybrominated Biphenlys –PBB 1000 ppm

– Polybrominated Diphenyls Esters - PBDE 1000 ppm

Allowable Limits

• Metals and Flame Retardant .1% by Weight • Cadmium .01% by Weight• Homogenous Materials• Paper, Plastic, Metal,Coatings, Resins,Boards, Ceramics• Can’t Be Mechanically Disassembled or Disjointed

– Plastic Housing Is– Metal Housing with Screws Is Not – Wire With Insulation Is Not– Semiconductor Is Not

EEE Definition

• Electrical and Electronic Equipment depended on electric currents or electromagnetic fields to operate

• Equipment for the generation, transfer, and measurement of currents and fields

• Voltage Range not exceeding 1000 volts for AC and 1500 volts DC

Identified EEE Categories

• Large and Small Household Appliances• ITE• Telecom• Tools• Toys and Sporting Equipment• Consumer Goods• Automatic Dispensing Machines• Lighting Equipment

EEE Categories-Large Appliances

• Washing Machines• Refrigerators• Dish Washers• Dryers• Stoves-Cooktops• Ranges• Cooking/Processing• Fans

• Air Conditioners• Heaters• Hot Plates• Microwaves• Exhaust. Ventilation

and Conditioning• Radiators• Freezers

EEE Categories-Small Appliances

• Vacuum Cleaners• Sweepers• Irons• Toasters• Sewing/Knitting• Grinders• Hair Cutting/Shaving

• Scales• Electric Knives• Body Care Appliances• Coffee Machines• Package Sealers• Clocks/Watches• Fryers

EEE Categories-ITE Telecom

• Central Data Processing Computers

• Printers

• Typewriters

• Calculators ( Pocket)

• User Terminals/Systems

• Faxes

• Answering Machines

• Cell Phones

• Laptops• Peripherals• Equipment for Collection,

Storage, Processing, Presentation or Communication of information by Electronic Means

• Products Used to Transmit Sound, images, or other Information by Telecommunications

EEE Categories-Consumer Equipment

• Televisions• Radios• Video Players/Recorders• Video Cameras• Amplifiers• Musical Instruments

• Equipment for Recording, Reproducing Sound or Images, Including Signals or Other Technology, for the Distribution of Sound and Images other than Telecommunications

EEE Categories-Lighting Equipment

• Non-household Luminaries for Florescent Lamps

• Florescent Lamps• Sodium Lamps• Discharge Lamps• Metal Halide Lamps

• Lighting Equipment for Purpose of Spreading or Controlling Lights with the Exception of Filament bulbs

EEE CategoriesToys Leisure and Sport Equipment

• Electric Trains-Racing Car Sets

• Video Games, Consoles, Hand Held

• Computers for Biking Diving Running

• Sports Equipment with Electric/Electronic Controls

• Coin Operated Gaming Slot Machines

EEE Categories-Medical Equipment

• Radiotherapy• Cardiology• Dialysis• Pulmonary Ventilators• Nuclear Medicine• Lab Equipment-In Vitro• Analyzers• Freezers• Fertilization Tests

EEE Categories-Medical Equipment

Devices Used For:• Detection• Prevention• Monitoring• Treatment• Alleviating Illness• Alleviating Injury• Alleviating Disability

EEE Categories-Medical Equipment

Devices Used For• Detection• Prevention• Monitoring• Treatment• Alleviating Illness• Alleviating Injury• Alleviating Disability

EEE CategoriesMonitoring and Control Instruments

• Smoke Detectors• Heating Regulators• Thermostats• Industrial Monitoring or Control• Measuring, Weighing, or Adjusting Appliances

– Household or as Laboratory Equipment

EEE CategoriesAutomatic Dispensers

• Automatic Hot Drink Dispensers• Automatic Hot/Cold Bottles or Cans Dispensers• Automatic Dispensers for Solid Products• Automatic Dispensers for Money• Any Appliance That Automatically

Delivers Any Kinds of Products

RoHS Exemptions

• Medical Equipment

• Monitoring Equipment

• Large Scale Plant Machine Tooling

• Household Luminaries

• Defense Related Equipment

• Lead -Specific Applications– Solder in Telecom Equipment

– Solder in Ceramic Devices

RoHS Exemptions

• Medical Equipment

• Monitoring Equipment

• Large Scale Plant Machine Tooling

• Household Luminaries

• Defense Related Equipment

• Lead -Specific Applications– Solder in Telecom Equipment

– Solder in Ceramic Devices

RoHS Exemptions

• Automotive Electronics- EVL Directive– If specifically designed for automotive use only

• Car Radio

• CD Players

• Navigation Systems

– No if not auto specific• I Pods

• Aftermarket Video Equipment

RoHS-Who Must Comply

• Producers of Covered EEE

• No Grandfather Clause

• Suppliers to Producers– Established Contractually

• Distributors– Established Contractually

RoHS-Who Must Comply

• Producers of Covered EEE

– Manufacturers and Sells Electrical and Electronic Equipment under his own brand

– Resells under his own band equipment produced by other suppliers

– Imports or Exports Electrical and Electronic Equipment on a professional basis

RoHS-Who Must Comply

• Penalties

– Manufacturers and Signatory Person Fined • 5,000 Euro

– Product Removed From Market– Listed on Non Compliant List– Extreme Cases-2 Year Prison and Unlimited Fine

RoHS-How Do You Comply

• Self Declaration

• Declaration of Conformity

• Supporting Technical File

• Proper Marking on Equipment and Packaging

RoHS Markings

Changes to EEE That Effect EMC Performance

• Power Supplies• Circuit Board

Materials/Layouts• Plating• Metals/Solder• Filtering

• Components/Materials• Enclosures• Cabling• Relays• Displays

Power Supplies

• Should be RoHS Compliant

• Must have CE Mark

• Review Supplier EMC Data if Possible

• Remember that CE plus CE doesn't Equal CE Compliance

• Number 1 EMC Compliance Issue

• LVD Safety Issue

Circuit Board Materials/Layout

• Materials Should be RoHS Compliant

• New Layouts: Must Be Retested

• Same Layout Only Solder Change: Shows minimal effect compared to past EMC performance

• Changes to Ground Planes-Grids: Should Be Retested

Plating

• Cadmium Plating with Non ApprovedZinc Chromate – Hexavalent– Should be less than 2 ohms/square

• Tin Plating Replacing Lead– Whiskering Problems

• Shows Up in Environmental Tests-LVD• Screws have Cadmium Plating

Metals

• Many Steel Alloys Have Hexavalent Chromium

• Also Called Chromium Six

• Supplier Certification– Be specific as to what type of chromium is

added

Filtering

• Should be RoHS Compliant

• Review Supplier EMC Data if Possible

• Number 2 EMC Compliance Issue

• LVD Safety Issue

Components/Materials

• Plastic- Connectors and Components– Change in Base Material and Shielding Treatment– Many Have Flame Retardants

• EMC Gaskets– Many Have Flame Retardants– Changes Could Create EMC Failures

• Board Level Components– IC Changes Not Readily Identified– Capacitors, Resistors, etc Seem to be OK

Enclosures

• Plastic– Change in Base Material and Shielding Treatment– Many Have Flame Retardants

• Metal– Many Have Plating Issues– Changes could Create EMC Failures– 2 Ohm/square treatment

• Design Changes– Slots, Apertures, Seems, Holes, Fasteners Concerns– Mating Surfaces of Displays, Connectors,Filters

Cables/Cabling

• Lead Used In Insulation Process

• Lead Used to Make Terminations

• Connectors-Plating Issues

• Flame Retardants

Relays

• Mercury Wetted Relays

• Changed to Solid State

• Failed Immunity and Emissions

Displays

• Lead In Glass

• Lead Used to Make Attachment Between Layers

• May Get Exemption

Other Issues

• Component Changes

• Upgrades and Expansions are Applicable– Only if Considered for a Product On Market

• Cables and Wires Are Applicable– Unless Fixed Installations

• Separate Battery Directive

Spare Parts

• Non Complaint Models in the Field Can Have Non Complaint Spare Parts

• Suppliers Discontinuing Non RoHS Compliant Components

• Retest Required on Older Models – Spares are not the same for certain critical parts– New Power Supplies

Peripherals

• Systems that Include Peripherals must have RoHS Compliant Peripherals

• Suppliers Discontinuing non RoHS Compliant Peripherals

• Retest not required on older models if Peripheral is CE Marked to same requirements.

Future Requirements

• China Implementing RoHS in 2007

• Korea Strongly Considering

• California Proposition 65

• Suppliers No Longer Making Non RoHS Complaint Components/Devices

Summary

• Make Sure You Are Compliant to All Directives• No Grandfather Clause• CE plus CE Doesn't Equal CE• Verify Changes Meet Established Requirements• Know Your Level of Liability and Risk• Global Requirements in the Future• Severe Reduction in Availability of Non Compliant Parts

D.L.S. Electronic Systems, Inc.

EMC and Product Safety Testing and Consulting

www.dlsemc.com