Wednesday, August 18, 2010

Question

Hypothesis

Experiment

Results

Conclusions

Theory

Replication

New Questions

People respond to questions about a subject

Questionnaires or interviews Problem: Accuracy

1960s toothpaste Populations and Samples

Bias Target Population

Sample

Testing method Intelligence, personality, aptitude

Case-study method Investigation of an individual or small group

Longitudinal method Observe a group of participant over a long period of time

Cross-sectional method Observe members from different age groups to avoid the

long wait for results Naturalistic-observation method

Observing people in an every day setting, often unknowingly

Laboratory-observation method Observations in any place that provides the opportunity for

observation or experimentation

Correlations – how closely related one thing is to anotherHeight and ability to reachStress and healthGrades and extracurricular involvementPositive v. negative

Independent variableThe manipulated factor (warm temperature)

Dependent variableThe variable that depends on the

manipulated factor (aggression - result) Experimental group

Receive treatment Control group

Do not receive treatment Placebo

A “fake” treatment

Single – participants do not know if they are in the experimental group or the control group

Double – participants and researchers are unaware of the control groups or the experimental groups

1. Hypothesis2. 5 volunteersDebriefing:1. Target population?2. Double-blind?3. Independent variable?4. Dependent variable?5. Control group or experimental group?6. Was the hypothesis proved or

disproved?