Name: ______________________________________ Date: ________________________

Student Exploration: Cell StructureVocabulary: cell membrane, cell wall, centriole, chloroplast, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosome, mitochondria, nuclear membrane, nucleolus, nucleus, organelle, plastid, ribosome, vacuole, vesicle

Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.)

1. What are some of the structures inside a cell that help it to live and perform its role in an

organism? ________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

2. How do you think plant cells differ from animal cells? (Hint: What can plants do that animals

cannot?) __________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

Gizmo Warm-up

The Cell Structure Gizmo™ allows you to look at typical animal and plant cells under a microscope. On the ANIMAL CELL tab, click Sample to take a sample of an animal cell. Use the Zoom slider to see the cell at a magnification of 2000x (2000 times larger than normal). On the dropdown menu, select Centrioles.

1. Use the up/down and left/right sliders to manipulate the cell. Find the red arrow pointing to the centrioles. Make a sketch of the centrioles in the space below.

2. Read the description of the centrioles. What is their function? ________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

Activity A: Animal cells Check that an Animal cell is mounted on the microscope.

Set the Zoom to 2000x.

Question: Organelles are specialized structures that perform various functions in the cell. What are the functions of the organelles in an animal cell?

1. Label : Locate each organelle in the animal cell. Label the organelles in the diagram below.

2. Match : Read about each organelle. Then match each organelle to its function/description.

____ Cytoplasm

____ Lysosome

____ Mitochondria

____ Centriole

____ Endoplasmic reticulum

____ Vacuole

____ Cell membrane

____ Nucleus

____ Ribosome

____ Nuclear membrane

____ Golgi apparatus

____ Vesicle

____ Nucleolus

A. Structure that organizes motion of chromosomes.

B. Stack of membranes that packages chemicals.

C. Membrane that protects the nucleus.

D. Membrane that surrounds and protects the cell.

E. Sac filled with digestive chemicals.

F. Structures that converts nutrients to energy.

G. Passageways where chemicals are made.

H. Jelly-like substance within the plasma membrane.

I. Structure that manufactures ribosomes.

J. Structure that contains DNA and directs the cell.

K. Package created by the Golgi apparatus.

L. Small structure that synthesizes proteins.

M. Sac that stores water, nutrients, or waste products.

Question: What functions do the organelles in a plant cell perform?

1. Label : Locate each organelle in the plant cell. Label the organelles in the diagram below.

2. Compare : What structures are present in an animal cell, but not in a plant cell?

What structures are present in a plant cell, but not in an animal cell?

3. Fill in : Name the organelle or organelles that perform each of the following functions.A. _____________________ convert sunlight to chemical energy.

B. The _____________________ and the _____________________ help to support

the plant cell and help it to maintain its shape.

C. _____________________ store food or pigments.

D. The _____________________ converts food into energy. It is found in both plant

cells and animal cells.

Activity B: Plant cells Select the PLANT CELL tab, and click Sample. Set the Zoom to 2000x.

Academic Cell Organelles Textbook Info

Use your textbook to answer the following questions:

Nucleus In the nucleus, DNA is usually found in

the loose thread-like form called ________.

__________________ describes when chromatin is condensed during cell division.

The nuclear membrane surrounding the nucleus has ______ to allow materials into and out of the nucleus.

The _________ is a region within the nucleus that assembles (creates) ribosomes.

Cytoplasm – Jelly like substance that protects and cushions the organelles

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Divided into 2 different sections

1. Rough ER

The rough ER is considered rough because it has ___________ on its membranes.

The function of the rough ER is to modify __________ which were created by the ribosomes.

2. Smooth ER

The smooth ER does not have __________ on its membranes. The function of the Smooth ER is to synthesize ________ and

detoxify the body of _________.

Golgi Apparatus Function is to modify, _____ and

______________ proteins from the _________________.

Packages the proteins in vesicles for storage or secretion outside the cell

Vesicles are “containers” used to store wastes, water food or chemicals

Vesicles found in both plants and animals.

Lysosomes Contain ________enzymes Function is to release enzymes to

break down food (hydrolysis) or to recycle damaged ____________.

Vacuole

Plants have a large ____________ vacuole which stores water.

This supports the cells by filling water to keep plants upright.

Vacuoles found in both plants and animals.

Mitochondria Organelle that converts chemical

energy in food into energy for the cell Contains ___ membranes; an inner and

outer membrane.

Chloroplasts Convert _________ into ___________

energy during ________________. Contains ____ membranes.

Cytoskeleton Network of __________

filaments that helps the cell to maintain ________ and ________________.

Made of microtubules (small tubes) that are also found in cilia and ___________.

Cell Wall Found in both plant cells and bacterial cells (NOT ANIMAL

CELLS) Outside of the cell membrane Rigid membrane whose main function is to provide ___________

and protection for the cell.

Cell Organelles Packet

Part A: MATCHING

Match the organelle to its correct function/description. Some letters may be used more than once.

_____ 1. Converts sunlight into chemical energy A. Smooth ER

_____ 2. Modifies proteins before shipment out of cell B. Mitochondria

_____ 3. Packages and sorts proteins for shipping in the cell C. Nucleus

_____ 4. Synthesizes lipids D. Golgi Body

_____ 5. Breaks down food into usable energy for the cell E. Chloroplast

_____ 6. Regulates what enters and exits the cell F. Nucleolus

_____ 7. Contains DNA & controls the cell G. Rough ER

_____ 8. Creates vesicles to house the materials for cell transport H. Cell membrane

_____ 9. Detoxifies the cell of drugs/chemicals

_____ 10. Synthesizes ribosomes

Part B: True/False

Write T or F on the line below for each statement. If false, correct it.

_____ 1. All cells have a cell membrane and a cell wall.

_____ 2. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain DNA.

_____ 3. The nucleus is the site of most chemical reactions within the cell.

_____ 4. The nuclear membrane does not allow anything to enter or exit the nucleus.

_____ 5. DNA is usually found in the condensed form of chromosomes.

_____ 6. Golgi apparatus has 2 sides- one that receives proteins from the ER and one that ships proteins out after finishing them.

_____ 7. Centrioles have 2 membranes- one inner and one outer.

Part C: Draw a line to connect the cell part/organelle to its correct function/description. There may be multiple lines connecting to a single cell part.

_____ 1. Contains digestive enzymes Ribosomes

_____ 2. Contains instructions for building proteins Chloroplast

_____ 3. Site of protein synthesis (creation) Cell wall

_____ 4. Controls movement of DNA during cell division Centriole

_____ 5. Found floating in cytoplasm and on the rough ER Vacuole

_____ 6. Destroys damaged organelles to recycle for parts Cytoskeleton

_____ 7. Site of photosynthesis Lysosome

_____ 8. Digests food particles to release nutrients DNA

_____ 9. Rigid outer layer to protect and support plant cell shape

_____ 10. Protein network to help with internal structure and movement

Part D: Comparing Plant and Animal Cells

Put a check in the appropriate column(s) to indicate whether the following organelles are found in plant cells, animal cells or both.

Organelle Plant Cells

Animal Cells

Cell Wall

Vesicle

Chloroplast

Centriole

Cytoplasm

Cytoskeleton

Endoplasmic reticulum

Golgi apparatus

Lysosome

Mitochondria

Organelle Plant Cells

Animal Cells

Nucleolus

Nucleus

Plasma membrane

Central vacuole

Ribosome

Vacuole

Part E: Cell City Analogy – Match the organelle to the underling city part in the scenario.

In a far away city called Eukaryopolis, the main export and production product is the steel widget. Everyone in the town has something to do with steel widget making and the entire town is designed to build and export widgets. The town hall has the instructions for widget making, widgets come in all shapes and sizes and any citizen of Grant can get the instructions and begin making their own widgets. Widgets are generally produced in small shops around the city, these small shops can be built by the carpenter's union (whose headquarters are in town hall).

After the widget is constructed, they are placed on special carts which can deliver the widget anywhere in the city. In order for a widget to be exported, the carts take the widget to the postal office, where the widgets are packaged and labeled for export. Sometimes widgets don't turn out right, and the "rejects" are sent to the scrap yard where they are broken down for parts or destroyed altogether. The town powers the widget shops and carts from a hydraulic dam that is in the city. The entire city is enclosed by a large wooden fence, only the postal trucks (and citizens with proper passports) are allowed outside the city.

City Structure Organelle Explanation

Mitochondria

Ribosomes

Nucleus

Golgi Apparatus

Protein

Cell Membrane

Lysosome

Nucleolus

Organelle Structures/Special Function Plants, 9

(*Not organelle)

Features Animals or Both

Nucleus

Nucleolus

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Smooth:

Rough:

Smooth:

Rough:

RibosomesFound:

Golgi Apparatus

Two sides:

Lysosome

Contains:

Produced by:

1.

2.

10

Organelle Structures/ Special Features

Function Plants, Animals or

Both

Central Vacuole

*Vesicles

Made in:

Chloroplast

Mitochondria

*Cytoskeleton (not an

organelle)

Made of:

*Centrioles

11

*Flagellum/Cilia

12

13

Label the cell using the Word Banks.

Type of cell:

Type of Cell:

14

Word Bank

Ribosomes

Cell membrane

Nucleus

Cytoplasm

Mitochondria

Centriole

Golgi Body

Vesicle

Flagella

Smooth & Rough ER

Cytoskeleton

Word Bank

Ribosomes

Cell membrane

Nucleus

Cytoplasm

Mitochondria

Choroplast

Golgi Body

Central Vacuole

Smooth & Rough ER

Cytoskeleton