201703100910020 B.tech CE-A

Practical 3

Aim: (a)Perform a practical to demonstrate ping, arp and route command

in linux operating system.

1.Ping command

The ping command is one of the most used Linux network commands in network troubleshooting. It is used to check whether or not a specific IP address can be reached.

The ping command works by sending an ICMP echo request to check the network connectivity.

$ ping google.com

These results are showing a successful ping, and it can be described as the trip of an echo request issued by our system to google.com.

This command measures the average response. If there is no response, then maybe there is one of the following:

• There is a physical problem on the network itself.• The location might be incorrect or non-functional.• The ping request is blocked by the target.• There is a problem with the routing table.

If you want to limit the number of echo requests made to 3, you can do it like this:

Distance to the target: so if you live in the U.S. and you ping a server on Asia, you should

CGPIT/CE/SEM-5/Computer Network(030090501)

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expect that this ping will take much time than pinging a server in the U.S.The connection speed: if your connection is slow, ping will take a longer time than if you have a fast connection.The hop count: this refers to routers and servers that the echo travels across till reaching its destination.The important rule about ping is that the low ping is always desirable.

2.Route command

 In computer networking, a router is a device responsible for forwarding network traffic. When datagrams arrive at a router, the router must determine the best way to route them to their destination.

On Linux, BSD, and other Unix-like systems, the route command is used to view and make changes to the kernel routing table. The command syntax is different on different systems; here, when it comes to specific command syntax, we'll be discussing the Linux version.

3.arp command

On Linux operating systems, the arp command manipulates or displays the kernel's IPv4 network neighbour cache. It can add entries to the table, delete one, or display the current content.ARP stands for Address Resolution Protocol, which is used to find the address of a network neighbor for a given IPv4 address.

-n, --numeric=shows numerical addresses instead of trying to determine symbolic host, port or user names.

-a [hostname], --all [hostname]=Displays the entries of the specified hosts. If the hostname parameter is not used, all entries will be displayed. Hostnames will be displayed using

CGPIT/CE/SEM-5/Computer Network(030090501)

201703100910020 B.tech CE-A

alternate BSD-style output format (with no fixed columns).

B. Perform a practical to demonstrate basic CLI of router in cisco packet

1. Set hostname to be “Router”

2. Set enable secret to be “routetenablepass”

3. Set console password to be “devil48”

4. Set telnet password to be "devil48”

5. Set IP address of interface Fastethernet 0/0 tobe the first address of network 192.168.12.1/24

6. Set IP address of interface Fastethernet 0/1 tobe 192.168.12.2/24

7. Both interface Fastethernet 0/0 and 0/1 mustbe enable.

CGPIT/CE/SEM-5/Computer Network(030090501)

201703100910020 B.tech CE-A

CGPIT/CE/SEM-5/Computer Network(030090501)