Chapter 3 Section 1I. England in America

A. When the English defeated the ____________________________________________________ it ended Spanish control of the seas. England and other European nations could begin ______________________________________________________________________________ because it was now safe to sail the waters.

B. ___________________________________________________ sent about 100 men to settle on _____________________________________ off the coast of present-day ____________________________________________________. After the difficult winter there, the colonist returned to England.

C. A second group of settlers came in 1587. This group of Roanoke colonist __________________ _____________________________________________________________________________. No clue to their fate was left except for the word ___________________ carved on a gatepost.

II. Jamestown SettlementA. In April 1607, settlers sent by the __________________________________________________

entered the Chesapeake Bay and founded ___________________________________________. They faced many hardships.

1. They found ____________and failed to _______________________________________.

2. _______________________________________________________________________ .

B. When the colonist discovered how to grow __________________________________________. Relations with the Native Americans living nearby also improved when one of the colonists, ______________________________________________________________________________, the daughter of _____________________________________________.

C. The Virginia Company allowed a ___________________________________________________ in which ten towns in the colony each sent two representatives, or _______________________, to an assembly.

1. The assembly made _______________________________________________________.

2. ____________________________________________________ met for the first time on July 30, 1619.

D. In 1619:1. _____________________________________________________________ were sent to

Jamestown to form families so the population could grow.

2. _______________________________________________________ came to Jamestown. They were sold to Virginia planters to work in to work in the ______________________ ________________________________________________________________________.

3. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________.

E. Because of financial problems the Virginia Company faced, ______________________________ ___________________________________ canceled its charter and made Jamestown England’s __________________________________________________________.

Chapter 3 Section 2I. Religious Freedom

A. There were 2 groups of _________________________________________________ in England.

1. Those who wanted to reform the ____________________________________________ were Puritans.

2. Those who wanted to leave and set up their own church were ____________________.

B. Some Separatists fled to the Netherlands for religious freedom.

1. Some of these Separatists were given a guarantee by the _________________________ to be able to practice their religion freely if they settled in Virginia in return for ________________________________________________________________________.

2. These people called themselves ____________________________________.

C. __________________ carried Pilgrims to settle the Virginia colony. However, they landed north at _____________________________________, because winter was starting.

1. The Pilgrims landed so far north that the laws of the Virginia Company territory ________________________________________.

2. The pilgrims drew up the ______________________________ to provide laws to live by.

3. It was the first form of _____________________________________________________.

D. The pilgrims received help from the Native Americans in learning to ______________________ _____________________________________________________________________________. Without them ________________________________________________________________.

II. New SettlementsA. In 1629 a group received a ___________________________________________ and formed the

____________________________________________ located north of Plymouth and settled in _________________________.

B. During the _________________________________________________ in the 1630s, more than __________________________________________________ came to Massachusetts to escape religious persecution and economic difficulties in England.

1. An elected group called the _________________________________________________ that ran the colony.

2. Every ___________________________________________________________________ could vote for their representatives to the General Court.

C. Although the Puritans left England for religious freedom in America, they criticized, or ________________________________________________________, people who had different religious beliefs than them. This led to the formation of new colonies in America.

D. Colonist began to settle along the fertile ____________________________________________ in the 1630s.

1. In 1636 _______________________________ founded __________________________ and soon they joined with 2 neighboring towns to adopt the _______________________ _____________________________________________.

i. This was the _______________________________________________________ in America.

2. _____________________________________ , a minister, established _______________ _____________________________________________ where religious toleration existed.

3. In 1638 the colony of ___________________________________________ was founded and it became independent of Massachusetts in 1679.

Chapter 3 Section 3I. England and the Colonies

A. In 1660 England had two groups of colonies:1. The ________________________________ colonies run by _______________________

___________________________ under a royal charter.i. _______________________________________

ii. _______________________________________ iii. _______________________________________ iv. _______________________________________

2. The _________________________________________ run by England.i. _______________________________________

ii. _______________________________________

B. England wanted to take over the ___________________________________________________ land in between these two groups of colonies because of its ____________________________. The Dutch colony was called ______________________________________________________.

1. Its main settlement was ____________________________________________________ that was the center of shipping to and from the Americas.

2. The _____________________________________________ gave landowners river-front estates where they ruled like kings and were known as ____________________________.

C. In 1644 _________________________________________________________ New Amsterdam. The governor, Peter Stuyvesant, was unprepared for battle and was left with no choice but to _____________________________________________________________________________.

D. The ________________________________________ gained control of the colony and named it _________________________________. He promised the colonist _______________________ __________________ and that they could __________________________________________.

1. The population of New York grew to about ______________________________ in 1664. __________________________________ became the fastest growing city in the colonies.

E. The southern part of New York between _____________________________________________ ___________________________________. It was also an area of ethnic and religious diversity.

1. By 1702 New Jersey became a royal colony but it continued ______________________ ______________________.

II. PennsylvaniaA. _____________________________________________ received a large tract of land in America

from the king as ___________________________. The colony was _______________________ ________________________________________.

B. Penn, __________________________, saw Pennsylvania as a chance to put the Quaker ideas of __________________________________________________ into practice. He designed the city of ________________________ and wrote __________________________________________.

C. To encourage settlers to Pennsylvania, he advertised the colony throughout Europe in _____________________________________________________________. By 1683 the colony had more than 3,000 settlers that were:

1. ____________________________________________ 2. ____________________________________________ 3. ____________________________________________ 4. ____________________________________________ 5. ____________________________________________

D. In 1701 Penn granted the colonist the right to elect representatives to ____________________ ____________________.

E. In 1703 _______________________________________________ formed their own legislature and became the colony of _______________________________________________________.

Chapter 3 Section 4I. Coming to America

A. The colonies needed people to grow and prosper. Settlers came voluntarily or others came because they were:

1. _________________________________________________ from England and Scotland that could earn their release if they worked for __________________________________.

2. _______________________________________________________________________ .

3. _________________________________________ who worked without pay for a certain period of time ____________________________________________________________.

B. Maryland became a _________________________________________________ in 1632 when King Charles I gave Sir George Calvert, also called _____________________________________, a colony north of Virginia.

1. Lord Baltimore wanted to establish a safe place for _____________________________.

2. _______________________________________________________________________ .

C. Maryland tobacco farmers also produced ____________________________________________ ______________________________ so that they would not have to rely on only one cash crop.

1. As plantations grew in number, ______________________________________________ and _____________________________________________ were used to work the farms.

2. _________________________________________ was founded in 1729 and became the largest settlement in the colony.

D. Soon, _________________________________________________________________________ had a dispute over their boundary. The British astronomers, Mason and Dixon surveyed and marked the official boundary.

1. To this day it is known as the _______________________________________________.

II. Virginia Expands

A. As Virginia grew, settlers moved inland to open up the ________________________________.

1. Native Americans lived on these lands.

2. The governor, _______________________________________________, worked out an agreement in 1644 that kept settlers from ______________________________________ _________________________________________.

3. The settlers received a large piece of land and conflicts died down.

B. Many Virginia westerners resented Berkley’s pledge to the Native Americans and ___________ __________________________________________________. As a result, the Native Americans __________________________________________________ these settlements.

C. _________________________________________ opposed colonial government because it was made of easterners.

1. He led attacks on _________________________________________________________ .2. _______________________________________________________________________ .3. He marched into Jamestown and ____________________________________________.4. England sent more troops to restore order but the rebellion was all but over after Bacon

died ____________________________________________________________________.5. Bacon’s Rebellion marks the first time in American history that ____________________

________________________________________________________________________.

III. Settling the CarolinasA. ________________________________ founded the colony of Carolina. The _______________

____________________________ took large estates for themselves and hoped to sell and rent land to new settlers.

1. In 1670 English settlers arrived and by 1680, ___________________________________ was founded.

2. The English philosopher _______________________________ wrote their Constitution.

3. Northern Carolina was settled by small farmers.

4. Southern Carolina was more prosperous due to ________________________________.i. _______________________ was their main crop as well as _________________

that was also known as ______________________________.

5. Carolina formally divided into two colonies, North and South Carolina in 1729.

IV. Georgia

A. Georgia was founded in 1733. It was the ____________________________________________. The British created Georgia for 2 reasons:

1. As a place where British ____________________________________________________ could make a fresh start.

2. As a ___________________________________________ the other British colonies from _________________________________.

3. The town of ____________________________________________ was created in 1733.

B. They banned ___________________________________________________________________ in the colony and _______________________________________. Settlers objected to the laws and everything was lifted except for the ____________________________________________.

1. _______________________________________________________________________ .

Chapter 4I. New England Colonies

A. ______________________ ______________________________ was an important factor to the growth of the colonies. Between 1607 and 1775 almost _______________________________ _______________________________ people came to live in the colonies. The colonies grew as ______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________.

1. The soil in New England was very poor so farmers could only produce enough food to feed their own families. This was called ________________________________________.

2. Small businesses like ______________________________________________________ thrived. Women also contributed to the economy by making _______________________ _________________________________________________________________________ to sell or trade.

3. __________________________________________________ were important industries but it was the trade between the Southern Colonies and ___________________________ that brought in the most money.

B. The _________________________________________________________________ developed.

1. Ships brought ____________________________________________________________ from the West Indies to New England where the molasses was made into ____________. From New England rum and other manufactured foods were shipped to ________________________________________________________________________.

2. On the second leg in Africa, these ____________________________________________.

3. On the last leg, enslaved Africans were taken to the _____________________________ __________________________ where they were sold to planters. The profit was used to ________________________________________________________________________.

C. The worst part of the journey was the ______________________________________________. Enslaved Africans endured inhumane treatment and conditions during the voyage from _____________________________________________________________________________.

II. The Middle ColoniesA. The Middle Colonies were a place of ________________________________________ diversity.

1. The port cities of ______________________________________________ became busy with ____________________________________________________________________.

2. ____________________________________________________ and home-based crafts were also major industries.

3. Besides the English population there were immigrants from _______________________ _______________________________________________________ that created religious and cultural diversity that was not found in other parts of the colony.

III. The Southern ColoniesA. The Southern Colonies were heavily invested in agriculture; they grew:

1. ____________________________________ 2. ____________________________________ 3. ____________________________________ 4. ____________________________________

B. Farms became focused on growing cash crops, or _____________________________________. Soon the farms grew into large ____________________________________ that had everything a town would have.

1. This style of farming relied heavily on ________________________________________. The more agriculture increased in America the higher demand was for new slaves.

2. Many slaves lived in very poor conditions and they ______________________________. They would work __________________________________________________________.

IV. Colonial GovernmentA. During the mid-1600s, the English monarchy under ____________________________________

__________________________ tightened their control over the colonies.

1. The _____________________________________________ regulated the flow of goods that passed between England and the colonies. They said what goods could be purchased and sold as well as who they were sold too.

i. Some colonist turned to _____________________________________________, or illegally trading with other countries, to get around the laws.

B. In 1689, William and Mary signed the _______________________________________________ that guaranteed ________________________________________________________________.

1. This later inspired the American _____________________________________________.

C. While the _____________________________________________________________________ was the official government of the colonies, all the colonies had some form of ______________ _____________________________________________________ to make their own local laws.

1. Any white man who was ___________________________________________________ could vote to make local laws and select their own leaders.

V. An Emerging CultureA. The __________________________________________ was the foundation of colonial society.

1. Men were the ___________________________________________________________. They managed the farms and represented the family in community matters.

2. ________________________________ also participated in decision making in the home and around the farm.

3. Education was highly-valued by many of the colonist.i. Many communities establish schools giving the colonies a __________________.ii. __________________________ was the first college founded in America in 1636

by Puritans. Most early colleges were designed to train ____________________.

B. The colonies were also heavily influenced by the _____________________________________, a cultural movement in Europe in the 1750s that stressed _______________________________ _______________________________________________________ as ways to improve society.

C. America had developed its own unique cultural identity. It became _______________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ as it grew and prospered throughout the 1700s. It was only a matter of time before they would try to take control of a country that they already consider to be theirs for a multiple generations.