web development & design foundations wtih html5, 8th...

Course Overview

Week 1

AGENDA – WEBD101

• Introduction

• Course Requirements

• Attendance

• Assignment Submissions

• This week

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Introduction

• I live in Ohio

• I have worked for Franklin University as an adjunct /

employee since Spring 2001

• I also currently work for major telecommunications

company (35 years)

• Have been teaching for over 21 years (17+ online)

• Degrees

– BS Computer Engineering (The Ohio State University)

– MS Computer Engineering (The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)

– MBA in International Business (Ashland University)

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Introduction (continued)

• “WELCOME – PLEASE READ & RESPOND!” <- READ !!!

– Click where it says HERE under #1 item to get brief intro to class

• brief introduction

• my contact information

• general rules for this course– learning environment

– attendance

– assignments

• miscellaneous items

• references/external resources

– Click where it says HERE under #2 item to view assignment details

• Course assignments

– Click where it says HERE under #4 item to view additional information

– Click where it says SOFTWARE NEEDED under #5 item for software required

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LMS Learning Objects to look at:

- WELCOME – PLEASE READ & RESPOND!

- SPECIAL PASSES!

- LINKS TO WEEKLY QUIZZES (QUICK

CHECKS)

- NOTES / ERRATA

Attendance

• Must meet at least one of the following before 11:59 PM EST on

Sunday of each week in order to be counted as being present for

that week:

• submit at least one complete assignment for the week (must submit in week in

which assignment is due [or complete quiz])

• communicate with me during week via email with question(s), comments

• NOTE: Attendance at Meet session does NOT count towards attendance

• Weekly Meet sessions – MONDAYS 8:00 – 9:00 PM EST

→ 3 weeks of absence results in Z grade

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Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris http://terrymorris.net

Web Development & Design Foundations with HTML5

CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION TO THE INTERNET AND

WORLD WIDE WEB

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Learning Outcomes

In this chapter, you will learn how to

Describe the evolution of the Internet and the Web

Explain the need for web standards

Describe Universal Design

Identify benefits of accessible web design

Identify reliable resources of information on the Web

Identify ethical use of the Web

Describe the purpose of web browsers and web servers

Identify networking protocols

Define URIs and domain names

Describe HTML, XHTML, and HTML5

Describe popular trends in the use of the Web

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Internet

The interconnected network of computer networks that spans the globe.

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The World Wide Web

The graphical user interface to information stored on computers running web serversconnected to the Internet.

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Intranet & ExtranetsIntranet

◦ A private network contained within an organization or business used to share information and resources among coworkers.

Extranet◦ A private network that securely shares part of an

organization’s information or operations with external partners

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Web Standards and the W3C Consortium

W3C – World Wide Web Consortium◦ Develops recommendations and

prototype technologies related to the Web

◦ Produces specifications, called Recommendations, in an effort to standardize web technologies

◦ WAI – Web Accessibility Initiative

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Web AccessibilityAccessible Website◦ provides accommodations for individuals with visual,

auditory, physical, and neurological disabilities

WAI◦ W3C’s Web Accessibility Initiative

http://www.w3.org/WAI

WCAG ◦ Web Content Accessibility Guidelines

http://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG20/quickref/

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http://www.w3.org/WAI

http://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG20/quickref/


Web Accessibility & The Law

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)◦ Prohibits discrimination against people with

disabilities

Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act◦ Requires that government agencies must give

individuals with disabilities access to information technology that is comparable to the access available to others

◦ http://www.section508.gov

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http://www.section508.gov/


Universal Design for the Web

Universal Design◦ the design of products and environments to be usable

by all people, to the greatest extent possible, without the need for adaptation or specialized design

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http://www.ncsu.edu/www/ncsu/design/sod5/cud/about_ud/about_ud.htm

http://www.ncsu.edu/www/ncsu/design/sod5/cud/about_ud/about_ud.htm


Network OverviewNetworktwo or more computers connected together for the purpose of communicating and sharing resources

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Networks

LAN – Local Area Network◦ Usually confined to a single building or group of buildings

WAN – Wide Area Network◦ Usually uses some form of public or commercial

communications network to connect computers is widely dispersed geographical areas.

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The Client/Server ModelClient/Server can describe a relationship between two computer programs –the "client" and the "server".

Client◦ requests some type of service (such as a file or

database access) from the server.

Server◦ fulfills the request and transmits the results to the

client over a network

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The Internet Client/Server Model

Client – Web Browser

Server – Web Server

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Web Client

Connected to the Internet when needed

Usually runs web browser (client) software (such as Internet Explorer or Firefox)

Uses HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)

Requests web pages from server

Receives web pages and files from server

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Web Server

Continually connected to the Internet

Runs web server software (such as Apache or Internet Information Server)

Uses HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)

Receives request for the web page

Responds to request and transmits status code, web page, and associated files

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Internet ProtocolsProtocols

◦ Rules that describe the methods used for clients and servers to communicate with each other over a network.

◦ There is no single protocol that makes the Internet and Web work.

◦ A number of protocols with specific functions are needed.

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FTPFile Transfer Protocol

A set of rules that allow files to be exchanged between computers on the Internet.

Web developers commonly use FTP to transfer web page files from their computers to web servers.

FTP is also used to download programs and files from other servers to individual computers.

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E-mail Protocols

Sending E-mail◦ SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

Receiving E-mail◦ POP (POP3) Post Office Protocol◦ IMAP Internet Mail Access Protocol

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HTTP - Hypertext Transfer Protocol

A set of rules for exchanging files such as text, graphic images, sound, video, and other multimedia files on the Web.

Web browsers send HTTP requests for web pages and their associated files.

Web servers send HTTP responses back to the web browsers.

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TCP/IPTransmission Control Protocol/

Internet Protocol

TCP/IP has been adopted as the official communication protocol of the Internet.

TCP and IP have different functions that work together to ensure reliable communication over the Internet.

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TCPTransmission Control Protocol

Purpose is to ensure the integrity of communication

Breaks files and messages into individual units called packets

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IPInternet Protocol

A set of rules that controls how data is sent between computers on the Internet.

IP routes a packet to the correct destination address.

The packet gets successively forwarded to the next closest router (a hardware device designed to move network traffic) until it reaches its destination.

http://www.tracert.com/cgi-bin/trace.pl

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http://www.tracert.com/cgi-bin/trace.pl


IP Address

Each device connected to the Internet has a unique numeric IP address.

These addresses consist of a set of four groups of numbers, called octets.

An IP address may correspond to a domain name.

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Domain Name

Locates an organization or other entity on the Internet

Domain Name System◦ Divides the Internet into logical groups and

understandable names◦ Associates unique computer IP Addresses with the text-

based domain names you type into a web browser◦ Browser: http://google.com

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Uniform Resource Identifier

URI – Uniform Resource Identifier◦ identifies a resource on the Internet

URL – Uniform Resource Locator◦ a type of URI which represents the network location of a resource

such as a web page, a graphic file, or an MP3 file.

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TLDTop-Level Domain Name

A top-level domain (TLD) identifies the right-most part of the domain name.

Examples of generic TLDs:.com, .org, .net, .mil, .gov, .edu, .int, .aero, .asia, .cat, .jobs, .name, .biz, .mobi, .museum, .info, .coop, .post, .pro, .tel, .travel

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Markup Languages

SGML – Standard Generalized Markup Language◦ A standard for specifying a markup language or tag set

HTML – Hypertext Markup Language◦ The set of markup symbols or codes placed in a

file intended for display on a web browser.

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Markup LanguagesXML – eXtensible Markup Language

◦ A text-based language designed to describe, deliver, and exchange structured information.

◦ It is not intended to replace HTML –it is intended to extend the power of HTML by separating data from presentation.

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Markup Languages

HTML 5

◦ The next version of HTML4 and XHTML

◦ http://www.w3.org/html/◦ http://www.w3schools.com/html/html5_intro.asp

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http://www.w3.org/html/

http://www.w3schools.com/html/html5_intro.asp


Web Development & Design Foundations with HTML5

CHAPTER 2HTML BASICS

38Copyright © Terry Felke-Morris


Learning Outcomes

In this chapter, you will learn how to ... Describe HTML, XHTML, and HTML5 Identify the markup language in a web page document Use the html, head, body, title, and meta elements to code a

template for a web page Configure the body of a web page with headings, paragraphs,

line breaks, divs, lists, and blockquotes Configure text with phrase elements Configure a web page using new HTML5 header, nav, main,

and footer elements Configure special characters Use the anchor element to link from page to page Create absolute, relative, and e-mail hyperlinks Code, save, and display a web page document Test a web page document for valid syntax

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What is HTML?HTML:

The set of markup symbols or codes placed in a file intended for display on a Web browser page.

The World Wide Web Consortium (http://w3c.org) sets the standards for HTML and its related languages.

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HTML Elements

Each markup code represents an HTML element.

Each element has a purpose.

Most elements are coded as a pair of tags:an opening tag and a closing tag.

Tags are enclosed in angle brackets, "<" and ">" symbols.

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What is HTML5 ?

Newest version of HTML/XHTML

Supported by modern browsers

Intended to be backwards compatible

Adds new elements

Adds new functionality◦ Edit form data

◦ Native video and audio

◦ And more!

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Source: W3C http://www.w3.org/html/logo/

http://www.w3.org/html/logo/


Example HTML5 Web Page

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

<title>Page Title Goes Here</title>

<meta charset="utf-8">

</head>

<body>

... body text and more HTML5 tags go here ...

</body>

</html>

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Head & Body Sections

Head SectionContains information that describes the web page document <head>

…head section info goes here

</head>

Body SectionContains text and elements that display in the web page document<body>

…body section info goes here

</body>

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Title ElementMeta Element

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Heading Element

<h1>Heading Level 1</h1>






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Demo

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_headers


Paragraph ElementParagraph element

<p> …paragraph goes here… </p>

◦ Groups sentences and sections of text together.

◦ Block Display – Configures empty space above and below

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Demo

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_paragraphs1


Line Break Element

Line Break element◦ Stand-alone, or void tag

…text goes here <br>This starts on a new line….

◦ Causes the next element or text to display on a new line

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Demo

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_br


Blockquote Element

Blockquote element◦ Indents a block of text for special emphasis

<blockquote>

…text goes here…

</blockquote>

◦ Block Display – Configures empty space above and below

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Demo

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_blockquote_test


Phrase ElementsIndicate the context and meaning of the text

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Element Example Usage

<b> bold text Text that has no extra importance but is styled in bold font by usage and convention

<em> emphasized text

Causes text to be emphasized in relation to other text; usually displayed in italics

<i> italicized text Text that has no extra importance but is styled in italics by usage and convention

<mark> mark text Text that is highlighted in order to be easily referenced (HTML5 only)

<small> small text Legal disclaimers and notices (“fine print”) displayed in small font-size

<strong> strong text Strong importance; causes text to stand out from surrounding text; usually displayed in bold

<sub> sub text Displays a subscript as small text below the baseline<sup> sup text Displays a superscript as small text above the baseline


Proper Nesting

CODE:

<p><i>Call for a free quote for your web development needs: <strong>888.555.5555 </strong></i></p>

BROWSER DISPLAY:

Call for a free quote for your web development needs: 888.555.5555

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HTML Lists

Unordered List

Ordered List

Description Listformerly called a definition list

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Unordered ListDisplays a bullet, or list marker, before each entry in the list.

<ul>

Contains the unordered list

<li>

Contains an item in the list

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Unordered List Example<ul>

<li>TCP</li>

<li>IP</li>

<li>HTTP</li>

<li>FTP</li>

</ul>

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Demo

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_lists4


Ordered List

Displays a numbering or lettering system to itemize the information contained in the list

<ol>Contains the ordered list

◦ type attribute determines numbering scheme of list, default is numerals

<li>Contains an item in the list

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Ordered List Example

<ol>

<li>Apply to school</li>

<li>Register for course</li>

<li>Pay tuition</li>

<li>Attend course</li>

</ol>

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Demo

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_lists4


Description List

Useful to display a list of terms and descriptions or a list of FAQ and answers

◦ <dl> Contains the description list

◦ <dt> Contains a term/phrase/sentenceConfigures empty space above and below the text

◦ <dd> Contains a description of the term/phrase/sentence◦ Indents the text◦ Configures empty space above and below the text

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Description List Example<dl>

<dt>IP</dt>

<dd>Internet Protocol</dd>

<dt>TCP</dt>

<dd>Transmission Control Protocol</dd>

</dl>

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Demo

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_dd_test


Special Characters

Display special characters such as quotes, copyright symbol, etc.

Character Code

© ©

< <

> >

& &

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Div ElementConfigures a structural block area or “division” on a web page with empty space above and below.

Can contain other block display elements, including other div elements

<div>Home Services Contact</div>

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Demo

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_div_test


HTML5 Structural Elementsheader Element

<header></header>Contains the web page

document’s headings

nav Element<nav></nav>Contains web page

document’s main navigation

main Element<main></main>

Contains the web page document’s main content

footer Element<footer></footer>Contains the web page

document’s footer

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HTML5StructuralElements

<body>

<header> document headings go here </header>

<nav> main navigation goes here </nav>

<main> main content goes here </main>

<footer> document footer information goes here </footer>

</body>

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Anchor Element

Specifies a hyperlink reference (href) to a file

Text between the <a> and </a> is displayed on the web page.

<a href="contact.html">Contact Us</a>

href Attribute Indicates the file name or URL

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Demo

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_link_test


Absolute & Relative HyperlinksAbsolute link◦ Link to a different website

<a href="http://yahoo.com">Yahoo</a>

Relative link◦ Link to pages on your own site

<a href="index.htm">Home</a>

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E-Mail Hyperlink

Automatically launch the default mail program configured for the browser

If no browser default is configured,

a message is displayed

<a href=“mailto:[email protected]”>[email protected]</a>

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Writing Valid HTMLCheck your code for syntax errors◦Benefit:

◦Valid code more consistent browser display

W3C HTML Validation Tool◦http://validator.w3.org

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Put <!DOCTYPE html> as first line in html file (HTML5)

http://validator.w3.org/

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