weather
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Weather. SCOTT HANDEL National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Photo: Courtesy NOAA. Why Become A Meteorologist?. Weather Affects Everyone! Being Able to Predict the Weather Saves Lives!!!. Outline. Clouds Thunderstorms Hail/Lightning Tornadoes Hurricanes - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Weather
SCOTT HANDELNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Photo: Courtesy NOAA
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Why Become A Meteorologist?
Weather Affects Everyone!Being Able to Predict the Weather Saves
Lives!!!
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Outline
• Clouds• Thunderstorms• Hail/Lightning• Tornadoes• Hurricanes• Tsunamis (Time Permitting)
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Types of Clouds
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Name That Cloud
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Name That Cloud
Cumulus
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Name That Cloud
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Name That Cloud
Stratus
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Name That Cloud
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Name That Cloud
Cirrus
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Name That Cloud
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Name That Cloud
Stratus(Fog)
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Name That Cloud
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Name That Cloud
Cumulonimbus
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Thunderstorm Formation
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How do Clouds Form?
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Hail
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How does Hail Form?Strong updrafts of warm air and down-drafts of cold air are in a thunderstorm. If a water droplet is picked up by the updrafts...it can be carried well above the freezing level. With temperatures below 32°F...our water droplet freezes. As the frozen droplet begins to fall...carried by cold downdrafts...it may thaw as it moves into warmer air toward the bottom of the thunderstorm But...it may also get picked up again by another updraft...carrying it back into very cold air and re-freezing it. With each trip above and below the freezing level our frozen droplet adds another layer of ice. Finally...our frozen water droplet...with many layers of ice - much like the rings in a tree...falls to the ground - as hail!
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What can hail do?
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Lightning
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How Lightning Forms
The connection is made and the protons rush up to meet the electrons. It is at that point that we see lightning and hear thunder. A bolt of lightning heats the air along its path causing it to expand rapidly. Thunder is the sound caused by rapidly expanding air.
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Tornadoes
What is a tornado?"a violently rotating column of air, pendant from a cumuliform cloud or underneath a cumuliform cloud, and often (but not always) visible as a funnel cloud."
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WHERE DO TORNADOES FORM?
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WHY DO TORNADOES LIKE THE CENTRAL U.S.?
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HOW DO TORNADOES FORM?
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Are Winds Faster In the Strongest Hurricane or In the Strongest
Tornado?
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Fujita Tornado Damage ScaleScale Wind Estimate
(MPH)Typical Damage
F0 < 73 Light – Some damage to chimneys, branches broken, signs damaged.
F1 73-112 Moderate – Peels surface off roofs; mobile homes pushed off foundations or overturned.
F2 113-157 Considerable – Roofs torn off frame houses, mobile homes demolished, large trees snapped
F3 158-206 Severe – Roofs and some walls torn off well constructed homes, trains overturned
F4 207-260 Devastating – Well-constructed homes leveled; cars thrown and large missiles generated
F5 261-318 Incredible – Strong frame houses leveled off foundation and swept away, trees debarked
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F0 Damage
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F1 Damage
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F2 Damage
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F3 Damage
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F4 Damage
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F5 Damage
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Tornado Embeds
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Tornado Embeds
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Tornado Embeds
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Rate the Tornado
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Rate the Tornado
F2
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Rate the Tornado
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Rate the Tornado
F4
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Rate the Tornado
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Rate the Tornado
F1
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Rate the Tornado
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Rate the Tornado
F2
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Rate the Tornado
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Rate the Tornado
F4
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Rate the Tornado
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Rate the Tornado
F3
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Rate the Tornado
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Rate the Tornado
F5
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Rate the Tornado
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Rate the Tornado
F2
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Rate the Tornado
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Rate the Tornado
F2
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HURRICANES!…An overview of tropical cyclones
Princeton UniversityQuest Science Workshop
July, 2007
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Where do hurricanes form?
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When do hurricanes form?
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How Do Hurricanes Form?3. Having lost most of its heat and energy, the air is now expelled outward away from the center of the storm in the cooler hurricane outflow at high levels.
In mature hurricanes, an eye forms in the center. Here, the air is descending and the region is generally cloud-free.
2. The warm, moist air rises in thunderstorms surrounding the eye, supplying the fuel that helps strengthen the storm and intensify the winds.
1. As air rushes into the hurricane’s low pressure center, the air picks up heat and moisture (fuel) from the warm ocean surface.
H HL
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What causes the winds to rotate around a hurricane?
H
H H
H
L
The Coriolis Effect:
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Saffir Simpson Scale
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Wind Damage examplesA 1x4 board of wood was pierced through a palm tree by Hurricane Andrew’s winds in August, 1992.
A mobile home park near Miami, FL was completely destroyed by Hurricane Andrew in August, 1992.
An historic home along the Gulf Coast before and after the passage of Category 5 Hurricane Camille in August, 1969.
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Storm Surge
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http://www.archive.org/details/AH-Tsunamis_-_Know_What_to_Do
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http://www.archive.org/details/tsunami_koh_lanta_thailand
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http://www.archive.org/details/tsunami_penang_beach