we will explore: human structure and organization the importance of the systems within the body
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We will explore:
Human Structure and OrganizationThe Importance of the Systems Within
the Body
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Anatomy study of the structure & shape of the body and it’s parts & their relationship to one another PhysiologyStudy of how the body works (function) Anatomy & Physiology Structure & Function
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Atoms and Molecules Organelles Cells Tissues Organs Organ Systems Organism
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Chemical Level—simplest; atoms combine to form molecules of sugar, water & proteins
Cellular Level—arranged by combinations of molecules
Cells—smallest unit of all living things Tissue Level—groups of similar cells
performing similar functions Organ Level—2 or more tissue types
that perform a specific function Organ System—groups of organs that
cooperate to accomplish common purpose
Organism—all systems working together
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Integumentary System Skeletal SystemMuscular System Nervous SystemEndocrine System Circulatory
SystemRespiratory System Digestive SystemUrinary System
Reproductive SystemImmune System
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external covering, waterproofs the body, cushions & protects deeper tissue, regulates body temperature, receptors alert us to what happens on the surface of the skin
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Bones / Cartilage / Ligaments / Joints
Framework Protective function ( Skull / Ribs ) Storehouse for minerals ( Calcium ) Hematopoesis---formation of blood
cells
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Three types of muscle tissue:Smooth, Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle Tissue
Cells contract to move somethingSmooth –works to move blood or food alongCardiac—found in the heart to move bloodSkeletal—contracts to move the body around
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HumanMuscle Tissues:Skeletal Cardiac Smooth
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Brain / Spinal Column / Nerves / Sense
Receptors
Body’s control system Brain works to control body processes Stimuli is detected & addressed with
impulses that run along “pathways”
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Composed of Glands and Hormones
Endocrine Glands release Hormones into the blood
Hormones reach Target Cells and act to modify or change cellular activity
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Hormones are carriedin the bloodstream to the places where they are needed
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Cardiovascular Division:heart, arteries, capillaries,
veins
*Blood carries substances to & from the body’s tissues
*Heart = Blood pump*Arteries and Veins = Tubes that carry blood*Capillaries= Connect arteries to veins
= Place of Gas Exchange in blood
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Lymphatic Division: Excess fluid is taken out of the blood Excess fluid is cleaned and returned
lymph vessels / lymph nodes / lymph organs (such as the spleen, thymus gland & tonsils)
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Respiratory pathway leading to the lungscomprised of: Oral Cavity, Nasal Cavity, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea and Bronchi
Function Gas Exchange inside the lungs Oxygen in // Carbon Dioxide out
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Function Break down food into smaller piecesand deliver nutrients to the body
Comprised of:Mouth, Pharynx, Esophagus, Stomach and
the Intestines (with help from the Liver and
Pancreas)
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Comprised of the Kidneys, Ureters, Urinary Bladder and Urethra
Function Filter blood through the kidneys and eliminate liquid wastes out of the body
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Function Continue the human race**The sole purpose of the reproductive
system is to produce new organisms
Male testicles produce sperm Components: Penis, Scrotum, TestesFemale ovaries produce eggs
Components: Ovaries, Uterus, Uterine Tubes,
Vagina
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Female Reproductive Male ReproductiveStructures Structures
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This system functions to defend the body from foreign substances (internally)
White blood cells are very important for
protection
Viruses and Bacteria can be detrimental to health
**Antibodies are produced to help fight these**
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