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WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT TEAM-JUNAGADH

Detailed Project Report – I.W.M.P.-8, JUNAGADH



TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER-1 PROJECT BACKGROUND Table no. 1: Basic project information......................................................................................................................................................................... 9 1.2 Need of Watershed Development Programme................................................................................................................................................... 11 Table no. 2: Weightage of the Project........................................................................................................................................................................... 12 Table No.2.1 Criteria and weightage for selection of watershed.............................................. .............. .................................................................... 13 Table no. 3: Watershed information............................................................................................................................................................................. 15 1.3 other developmental projects/schemes running in the all village 15 Table no.4: Developmental programmes running in the project area:....................................................................................................................................... 16 Table no. 5: Previous Watershed programmes in the project area not......................................................................................................................... 16

CHAPTER - 2 PROJECT IMPLEMENTING AGENCY

2.1 Project Implementing Agency.............................................................................................................................................................................. 18 2.2 About District Watershed Development Unit, (DWDU) Junagadh.....................`............................................................................................ 18

2.2.1 The organization and its objectives:.................................................................................................................................................................... 19 The functions of DWDU:........................................................................................................................................................................................... 20 2.2.2 Programmes/projects running in the district....................................................................................................................................................... 20 2.3 SWOT Analysis of the DWDU............................................................................................................................................................................ 21 Table no. 6: PIA:.......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 23 Table no. 7: Staff at PIA level:..................................................................................................................................................................................... 23



CHAPTER - 3 BASIC INFORMATION OF PROJECT AREA 3.1. Geography and Geo-hydrology........................................................................................................................................................................... 24

3.1.1 Land use pattern:.................................................................................................................................................................................................. 25 Table no. 8: Land use pattern:....................................................................................................................................................................................... 25 3.1.2 Soil and topography........................................................................................................................................................................................... 26 Table no. 9: Soil type and topography.......................................................................................................................................................................... 26 Table no. 10: Flood and drought condition.................................................................................................................................................................. 26 Table no. 11: Soil Erosion............................................................................................................................................................................................. 27 Table no. 11.1: Soil Salinity/Alkalinity (Salinity ingress)............................................................................................................................................ 27 Table: 12. Last six years annual rainfall, maximum and minimum temperature of Junagadh taluka ......................................................................... 27 3.2 Slope....................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 28 Table no. 13: Physiography and relief.......................................................................................................................................................................... 28 3.2.1 Land and Agriculture........................................................................................................................................................................................... 28 Table no. 14: Land ownership details........................................................................................................................................................................... 29 Table no. 15: Agriculture.............................................................................................................................................................................................. 29 Table no. 16: Crop details............................................................................................................................................................................................. 30 3.2.2 Irrigation............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 30 Table no. 17: Irrigation................................................................................................................................................................................................. 31 Table no. 18: Livestock................................................................................................................................................................................................ 31 3.2.3 Drinking water................................................................................................................................................................................................... 32 Table no. 19: Drinking water...................................................................................................................................................................................... 32 Table no. 20: Details of Common Property Resources................................................................................................................................................ 32



3.3 Socio-Economic Profile........................................................................................................................................................................................ 33 Table no. 21: Demographic information ..................................................................................................................................................................... 33 Table no. 22: Literacy rate........................................................................................................................................................................................... 33 3.3.1 Migration Pattern:..................................................................................................................................................................................... 33 Table no. 23: Migration details................................................................................................................................................................................... 34 Table no. 24: Poverty.................................................................................................................................................................................................. 34 3.3.2 Infrastructure facilities.................................................................................................................................................................................... 34 Table no. 25: Village infrastructure............................................................................................................................................................................ 35 Table no. 26: Facilities / HH assets............................................................................................................................................................................ 35 3.4 Livelihood pattern: ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 36 Table no. 27: Yearly Income....................................................................................................................................................................................... 36 Table no.28: Dependence on Forest/CPR (Not Applicable)....................................................................................................................................... 36 Table no. 29: Livelihood pattern (Occupational distribution)..................................................................................................................................... 37

CHAPTER - 4 WATERSHED ACTIVITIES 4.1 Watershed Activities............................................................................................................................................................................................ 38 4.1.1 Scientific Planning:............................................................................................................................................................................................. 39 Table no. 30: Details of Scientific Planning and Inputs in IWMP projects................................................................................................................. 48 Table no. 31 Details of PRA Activities conducted in the project area-*...................................................................................................................... 50 4.2. Institution Building............................................................................................................................................................................................. 50 4.2.1 Watershed Committee Details........................................................................................................................................................................ 52 Table no. 32.1 : Watershed Committee details (Makhiyala)........................................................................................................................................... 52 Table no. 32.2: Watershed Committee details (Kerala)........................................................................................................................................... 53



Table no. 32.3: Watershed Committee details (Majevadi)....................................................................................................................................... 54 4.2.2 : Self Help Group.................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 56 Table no. 33: SHG detail (Makhiyala)...................................................................................................................................................................... 57 Table no. 33.1: SHG detail (Kerala)........................................................................................................................................................................... 57 Table no. 33.2: SHG detail (Majevadi)........................................................................................................................................................................... 57 4.2.3 : User Group:............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 58 Table No. 34: The following types of groups were planned to be formed .......................................................................................... 59 Table no. 34.1: UG detail............................................................................................................................................................................................ 59 Table no. 34.2: UG detail............................................................................................................................................................................................

59

4.3. Physical activities to be undertaken under IWMP-8............................................................................................................................................ 60 4.3.1 Entry Point activity (EPA).................................................................................................................................................................................. 60 Table No. 35.1: Some of the major activities proposed in Makhiyala are....................................................................................................................... 62 Table No. 35.2: Some of the major activities proposed in Kerala are:...................................................................................................................... 62 Table No. 35.3: Some of the major activities proposed in Majevadi are:..................................................................................................................... 62 4.3.2. Watershed Development Works:........................................................................................................................................................................................ 63 Table no. 36.1: Details of ridge line treatment / land based activities in watershed works: Makhiyala.......................................................................... 74 Table no. 36.2: Details of ridge line treatment / land based activities in watershed works:Kerala……......................................................................... 75 Table no. 36.3: Details of ridge line treatment / land based activities in watershed works: Majevadi............................................................................ 76 Plains or Flat level:....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 77 Table no.37.1: Activities related to Surface water resources in Makhiyala..................................................................................................................... 79 Table no.37.2: Activities related to Surface water resources in Kerala…….................................................................................................................... 80 Table no.37.3: Activities related to Surface water resources in Majevadi …................................................................................................................. 81



Table no.38: Activities related to recharging ground water resources in the project areas......................................................................................... 82 Table no.39.1 Details of activities related to livelihood, production system and micro-enterprises - Makhiyala……................................................ 83 Table no.39.2 Details of activities related to livelihood, production system and micro-enterprises –Kerala……................................................................. 84 Table no.39.3 Details of activities related to livelihood, production system and micro-enterprises- Majevadi….................................................................. 85 Table no.40 Activities related to livelihoods by Self Help Groups (SHGs) in the project areas.................................................................................. 86 Table no. 41 Linkages developed at village level......................................................................................................................................................... 87 Table no.42. : Details of activities connected with vegetative cover in watershed works: Makhiyala........................................................................ 88 Table no.42.1: Details of activities connected with vegetative cover in watershed works: Kerala.............................................................................. 89 Table no.42.2: Details of activities connected with vegetative cover in watershed works: Majevadi.......................................................................... 90 Table no. 43 Details of activities in the CPRs in the project areas……………...................................................................................................... 91 Table no. 43.1 Details of activities in the CPRs in the project areas Makhiyala......................................................................................................... 91 Table no. 43.2 Details of activities in the CPRs in the project areas Kerala............................................................................................................... 91 Table no. 43.3 Details of activities in the CPRs in the project areas Majevadi............................................................................................................ 92 Table 44: Technical Details of Afforestation Activities............................................................................................................................................... 93 Table 44.1: Cost Estimation for afforestation activity................................................................................................................................................... 94 Micro Enterprise & livelihood Activities for IWMP-8, JUNAGADH Watershed Project : 96 MICRO ENTERPRISE -1 VERMI COMPOSTING.......................................................................................................................................................................... 100 PRODUCTION SYSTEM - 1 PAPAD MAKING UNIT................................................................................................................................................................... 101 PRODUCTION SYSTEM –2 MASALA UNIT................................................................................................................................................................................ 102 AGRICULTURAL IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMME ......................................................................................................................................... 103 These are the major components in the agricultural programme to be carried out in the Programme:........................................................................ 104 Training and Exposure visits........................................................................................................................................................................................ 105



Livelihood Intervention................................................................................................................................................................................................ 107 Advantages of Agro-Based Activities: ........................................................................................................................................................................ 107 Support Needed for Promotion of Micro-enterprises................................................................................................................................................... 109 Floriculture.................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 109 4.4 Capacity building and Institutional collaboration............................................................................................................................................ 110 Table no. 44: Institutes Identified for Capacity Building............................................................................................................................................. 110 Table no. 45: Capacity Building plan........................................................................................................................................................................... 111 Table no. 45.1: Capacity Building plan........................................................................................................................................................................... 111

CHAPTER - 5 BUDGETING

Budgeting............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 113 Table no. 47: Budget at a glance............................................................................................................................................................... 114 Table no. 48: Village wise- component wise budget available under IWMP.................................................................................................................. 114 Table no. 49: Village wise gap in funds requirement.......................................................................................................................................................

CHAPTER - 6 EXPECTED OUTCOMES

6.1 Expected Outcomes................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 116 6.1.1 Employment........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 116 Table no. 51: Employment in Project area....................................................................................................................................................................... 117 6.1.2 Migration.............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 118 Table no. 52: Details of seasonal migration from Project area :.................................................................................................................................... 118 Table no. 53: Details of average ground water table depth in the project areas (in meters):......................................................................................... 118



6.1.3: Drinking water.................................................................................................................................................................................................... 119 Table no. 54: Status of Drinking water: ......................................................................................................................................................................... 119 6.1.4: Crops:........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 120 6.1.5 Horticulture................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 120 Table no. 55 : Area under horticulture.................................................................................................................................................................................................. 121 Table no. 56 Crop area and yield in the project area............................................................................................................................................................................ 121 6.1.6 Vegetative cover......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 122 Table no. 57: Forest/vegetative cover.................................................................................................................................................................................................. 122 6.1.7 Livestock........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 123 Table no. 58 : Details of livestock in the project areas....................................................................................................................................................................... 123 6.1.8: Linkages................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 123 Table no. 59 : Backward-Forward linkages......................................................................................................................................................................................... 123 6.2 Logical Framework Analysis...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 124

CHAPTER - 7 QUALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES

Quality and Sustainability Issues...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 132 7.1 Plans for Monitoring and Evaluation........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 132 7.1.1Vigilance and Monitoring Committees....................................................................................................................................................................................... 133 7.1.2 Research support in watershed management............................................................................................................................................................................. 133 7.1.3 Farmer organization and empowerment.................................................................................................................................................................................... 134 7.1.4 Use of traditional institutions and indigenous knowledge......................................................................................................................................................... 135 7.2 Plans For Project management:........................................................................................................................................................................................... 135



7.3 Watershed Development Fund:.................................................................................................................................................................................................... 136 Table No. 60. Details of Watershed Development Fund(WDF)........................................................................................................................................................................................ 136 7.4 User Charges:.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 136



CHAPTER - 1

PROJECT BACKGROUND



1.1 Project Background The project IWMP-8 is being implemented in Junagadh taluka of Junagadh district with three villages forming the cluster. The

villages are Majevdi, Makhiyala & Kerala. The cumulative area proposed to be treated under the project is 4316.30 hectares.

Majevdi is the largest village in the cluster with a proposed area of 2246.60 hectares followed by Majevdi ( 2246.60),Makhiyala (

1371.40 ) & Kerala ( 698.30 ).

The nearest town is Junagadh which is about 12 kms from the nearest village in the project cluster. All the villages are

connected by pucca road with the highway. The major communities residing in the cluster are Patels, Ahirs, Khodi,Suthar,Luhar,

Bharvad, Soni, Khubhar, & Kadiyas. The people mainly depend on agriculture as their main source of livelihood with 80% of the

people engaged in it. Groundnut is the major crop. The current generation of youngsters in the villages generally migrates to nearby

cities like Rajkot, Morbi, Surat and Ahmedabad for working in the bandhni industries, tile factories, cement factories, and diamond

polishing centers. The land is generally plain and forest area is virtually non-existent in the cluster – IWMP -8.

Water is available for 10-11 months during the year. In our project cluster, drinking water is well available in three villages by

virtue of supply from bore well, canal and well.



Table no. 1: Basic project information Majevdi, Makhiyala & Kerala S.R. No.

Name of the

project

Villages Gram Panchayats

Taluka District Area of the

project

Area proposed

to be treated

Total project

cost (Rs. in lakh)

PIA

Name C2K code

1 IWMP-8

Majevdi 120030081380000 Majevdi Junagadh

Junagadh 2246.60 2246.60 269.59 DWDU Junagadh 2 Makhiyala 120030081360000 Makhiyala 1371.40 1371.40 164.57

3 Kerala 070080054220000 Kerala 698.30 698.30 83.80

1.2 Need of Watershed Development Programme Watershed Development Programme is selected on the basis of thirteen parameter namely Poverty Index, Percentage of

SC/ST, Actual wages, Percentage of small and marginal farmers, Ground water status, Moisture Index, Area under rain fed

agriculture, Drinking water situation in the area, Percentage of degraded land, Productivity potential of land, Continuity of another

watershed that has already developed/treated, Cluster Approach for hilly terrain. Based on these thirteen parameters a composite

ranking has been given to the watershed project as given in Table 2.1.

The total number of families under BPL is 603, which is more than 30 per cent but less than 40 per cent of total

households of the village. Hence a score of 5 is allotted. The percentage of schedule castes in the village is 20 to 30 per cent to the

total population; hence a score of 5 is allotted. Rain fed agriculture forms the primary occupation of the village. More than 60 per cent

of the farmers are small and marginal by nature and the actual wages earned by the labour is less than the minimum wages hence a

composite rank of 3, 5 and 10 are allotted respectively.



Table no. 2: Weightage of the Project

Project

name

Projec

t type

Weightage

i

ii

iii

iv

V

vi

vii

viii

ix

X

xi

xii

xiii

Total IWMP-8.

other

7.5 3 0 5 2 10 5 10 10 10 10 5 5 82.5



Table No.2.1 Criteria and weightage for selection of watershed S. No

Criteria Maximum score

Ranges & scores

i Poverty index (% of poor to population)

10 Above 80 % (10) 80 to 50 % (7.5) 50 to 20 % (5) Below 20 % (2.5)

ii % of SC/ ST population

10 More than 40 % (10) 20 to 40 % (5) Less than 20 % (3)

iii Actual wages 5 Actual wages are significantly lower than minimum wages (5)

Actual wages are equal to or higher than minimum wages (0)

iv % of small and marginal farmers

10 More than 80 % (10) 50 to 80 % (5) Less than 50 % (3)

v Ground water status 5 Over exploited (5) Critical (3) Sub critical (2) Safe (0) vi Moisture index/

DPAP/ DDP Block 15 -66.7 & below (15)

DDP Block -33.3 to -66.6 (10) DPAP Block

0 to -33.2 (0) Non DPAP/ DDP Block

vii Area under rain-fed agriculture

15 More than 90 % (15) 80 to 90 % (10) 70 to 80% (5) Above 70 % (Reject)

viii

Drinking water 10 No source (10) Problematic village (7.5)

Partially covered (5) Fully covered (0)

ix Degraded land 15 High – above 20 % (15) Medium – 10 to 20 % (10)

Low- less than 10 % of TGA (5)



x Productivity potential of the land

15 Lands with low production & where productivity can be significantly enhanced with reasonable efforts (15)

Lands with moderate production & where productivity can be enhanced with reasonable efforts (10)

Lands with high production & where productivity can be marginally enhanced with reasonable efforts (5)

xi Contiguity to another watershed that has already been developed/ treated

10 Contiguous to previously treated watershed & contiguity within the micro watersheds in the project (10)

Contiguity within the micro watersheds in the project but non contiguous to previously treated watershed (5)

Neither contiguous to previously treated watershed nor contiguity within the micro watersheds in the project (0)

xii Cluster approach in the plains (more than one contiguous micro-watersheds in the project)

15 Above 6 micro-watersheds in cluster (15)

4 to 6 micro watersheds in cluster (10)


xiii

Cluster approach in the hills (more than one contiguous micro-watersheds in the project)

15 Above 5 micro-watersheds in cluster (15)



Total 150 150 90 41 2.5



Table no. 3: Watershed information

Name of the

project

No. of watersheds to be

treated

Watershed code Watershed

regime/type/order

IWMP-8

12

5G1C3a2m,a2h,a2h,a2g,a2j

5G1C3b4c,c5a

5G1c3b4c,b4d,b4e,b4b

Millie watershed

1.3 other developmental projects/schemes running in the all village Table no.4: Developmental programmes running in the project area:

SI no

Name of the programme/scheme

Sponsoring agency

Objectives of the programme/scheme

Year of

commencement

Villages covered

Estimated number of beneficiari

1 Sakhi Mandal Govt of

Savings and Employment

2004 3 1685

2 Indira Awas Yojana

CRD

Housing

2005

3 272 3 Sardar Patel Awas

Govt of

Housing 2005 3 482

4 WASMO

Govt of G j

Drinking water pipeline

2006

3 7300 5 Total Sanitation

Govt of

Sanitation 2006 3 740

6 MGNREGS CRD

Employment 2009 3 3020



Table no. 5: Previous Watershed programmes in the project area.

sr.no.

Project Name

Year started

Name of villages

No. of Micro watershed

Watershed codes

area under treatment (ha)

Funding source

Nodal Agency

PIA

Total Cost

Expenditure incurred up to start of IWMP

% Financial Completion

% Physical Completion

1 IWMP-8

- Majevdi -----------------------------------------------------------NIL-------------------------------------------------------

2 - Makhiyala

3 - Kerala



CHAPTER - 2

PROJECT IMPLEMENTING AGENCY



2.1 Project Implementing Agency

The Project Implementing Agency (PIA) is selected by an appropriate mechanism by Gujarat State Watershed Management

Agency (GSWMA), State Level Nodal Agency (SLNA) for Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) in Gujarat. The

PIAs are responsible for implementation of watershed project. These PIAs may include relevant line departments, autonomous

organizations under State/ Central Governments, Government Institutes/ Research bodies, Intermediate Panchayats, Voluntary

Organizations (VOs). The PIA for IWMP-8 is District Watershed Development Unit, (DWDU) Junagadh

2.2 About District Watershed Development Unit, (DWDU) Junagadh.

2.2.1 The organization and its objectives:

The District Watershed Development Unit (DWDU), Junagadh is a district level nodal agency and was established on 12th June

2008 under constitution of Para 30 of new guideline, to oversee for the smooth implementation of watershed projects in the district.

The District Development Officer (DDO) is the chairman of the DWDU. The DWDU has a Multi-Disciplinary Team (MDT)

comprising of both experienced and fresh graduates various backgrounds like engineering, surveying, community mobilization,

accounts, and agriculture and data entry operations. The DWDU is headed by the Project Manager (deputation from Gujarat Forest



Department) assisted by a Technical Expert (on contract basis) and MDT's. The remaining staff i.e. MIS coordinator, System Analyst,

Livestock specialist will be recruited very soon. The DWDU Junagadh has its own office in the Training Complex of the DWDU,

located at Sardar Baug.

The functions of DWDU: a) Take up the over all responsibility of facilitating preparation of strategic and annual action plans for watershed development

projects in the Taluka. b) Providing professional and technical support to Project Implementing Agencies (PIAs) in planning and execution of watershed

development projects. c) Develop action plans for capacity building with close involvement of resource organizations to execute the capacity building

action plans. d) Carry out regular monitoring, evaluation and learning. e) Ensure smooth flow of funds to watershed development projects. f) Ensure timely submission of required documents to SLNA/Nodel Agency of the Department at central level. g) Facilitate and co-ordination with relevant programmes of agriculture, horticulture, rural development, animal husbandry, etc

with watershed development and convergence plans for enhancement of productivity and livelihoods interventions for asset less

persons.

h) Integrate and co-ordinate watershed development projects/plans into district plans of the district planning committees.

i) Establish and maintain the District Level Date Cell and link it to the State Level and National Level Data Centre.



2.2.2 Programmes/projects running in the district

Junagadh district was assigned 428 projects, covering a total of 2, 10,123 hectares, under the Haryali/ Pre- Haryali Watershed

Projects.

• There were 59 projects under DPAP Batch 1, 2 & 4 covering 29488 hectares. The total grant was 1239.27 lakhs against which a

cumulative expenditure of 1169.22 lakhs was incurred thus resulting in 95% achievement.

Completed projects

• There were 44 projects under EAS covering 16202 hectares. The total grant was 834.72lakhs against which a cumulative

expenditure of 802.01 lakhs was incurred thus resulting in 96.08% achievement.

• There were 47 projects under State Watershed covering 23500 hectares. The total grant was 275.07 lakhs against which a

cumulative expenditure of 275.07 lakhs was incurred thus resulting in100% achievement.

• There were 24 projects under IWDP-1 covering 12000 hectares. The total grant was 482.02 lakhs against which a cumulative

expenditure of 480.69 lakhs was incurred thus resulting in 99.72% achievement.

• There are 160 projects under DPAP- 5 to DPAP-12 covering 79043 hectares. The total grant was 1804.89 lakhs against which a

cumulative expenditure of 1556.97 lakhs was incurred thus resulting in 86.26% achievement.

Status of Continuing Projects

• There are 94 projects under IWDP-2 to IWDP-8 covering 49890 hectares. The total grant was 1245.58 lakhs against which a

cumulative expenditure of 1021.94 lakhs was incurred thus resulting in 82.05% achievement.



• Total:

Among the ongoing DPAP projects are DPAP – 5 to DPAP – 12 covering 160 projects. The total grant allocation for the

ongoing DPAP projects is Rs 4530 lakhs against which Rs 1786.52 lakhs has been released till date jointly by the Centre and State.

The achievement rate is 84.07% against the total grant released. The Centre and state shared the total cost in 75:25 proportions.

The balance fund available as on March 31, 2010 stands at Rs 287.67 lakhs.

2.3 SWOT Analysis of the DWDU

Strength:

(1) Dedicated and experience staffs and MDT team

(2) Independent District Level Nodal Agency.

(3) Strong linkages with national and state level institutions, agricultural universities, Saurashtra University, KVK and NGOs for

capacity building and

Technical guidance

(4) Scientific planning in watershed projects with the help of BISAG, Gandhinagar

(5) District level monitoring, coordination Committee

(6) Well establishment of PRIs for social audits for transparency and accountability.

There are a total of 254 projects under DPAP and IWDP covering 128933 hectares. The total grant was 3050.47 lakhs

against which a cumulative expenditure of 2578.91 lakhs was incurred thus resulting in 84.54% achievement.



Weakness:

(1) Insufficient funds to complete watershed projects per hectare.

(2) Permanent staff is less in numbers.

(3) No permanent office building.

Opportunities:

(1) Sustainable livelihood generation for landless and asset less persons.

(2) Improvement of socio-economic status of poor.

(3) Awareness generation among the beneficiaries through information, education and communication activities.

(4) Reduction in migration rate.

(5) Usage of new technologies of watershed modeling and GPS for monitoring of watershed activities.

Threats:

(1) Lack of sustainable agricultural development package.

(2) Lack of voluntary contribution and cooperation from local peoples.

(3) Party politics in village leading to multi-interest groups



Table no. 6: PIA:

SR. No.

Name of project

Details of PIA

`

IWMP-8

Type of organization

District Watershed Development Unit, Name of Organisation

IWMP-8 Junagadh Designation and Address

Sardar baug Junagadh Telephone

0285-2635974 Fax

0285-2636080 E-mail

[email protected]

Table no. 7: Staff at PIA level:

Sr No

Name

Age

Sex

Designation

Qualification

Experience

Job assigned

Monthly remuneratio

1

Mr.B.T.Chadasaniya M Project Director GFS years

Project Management 50000 2

Ms. M. L.Bharthi 27 F

Nodal Officer

Diploma(Civil)

5.6 Year MDT –Eng. 15000 3

Ms. K. M. Bagda 24 F WDT (Eng.)

Diploma(Civil)

8 Months Engineering works

12000 4 Mr. D. R. Ram 24 M WDT(Agri.) B.R.S. Agri. 6 Months Agriculture 8000 5 Ms. R. A. Dangar 24 F WDT( CM) M.Sc (Home Sc) 2 Year Community 8000 6 Mr. H. K. Tank 23 M WDT(Accounta

M.Com.(D.C.S.) 2.3 Year Accounts 7000

7 Mr. K. K. Makwana 33 M WDT(Surveyor) Surveyor - ITI 2.3 years

Surveying 7000 8 Mr. V.H. Kadecha 25 M WDT(DEO) B.Com &Com.

6 Month Data Entry 5000



CHAPTER - 3

BASIC INFORMAION OF PROJECT AREA



3.1. Geography and Geo-hydrology

3.1.1 Land use pattern:

The net geographical area of the three cluster villages is 4916.10 hectares there is no forest area. About 3076.61 ha of land is

under agriculture which is mostly rain fed. Both Kharif and Rabi crops are taken in the cluster. Of the total available waste land

781.50 ha is cultivable and 1085.88 ha is non-cultivable. The watershed consists Neem, Pipal, Banyan and Gunda which was mainly

broadcasted to stop the spread of desert.

Table no. 8: Land use pattern:

S. No.

Names of villages

Geographical Area of the

village (5+8+9)

Forest Area (ha)

C

Land under agricultural

use

Rainfed area (ha)

Permanent Pastures

Wasteland Cultivabl

e

Non-cultivable

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1

Majevdi 2246.60

0.00 1969.60 759.60 0.00 172.00 105.00 2 Makhiyala 1371.40 0.00 1281.00 580.20 0.00 28.10 62.40 3 Kerala 698.30 0.00 550.00 365.00 0.00 40.30 108.00

Total 3 4316.30 0.00 3800.60 1704.80 0.00 240.40 275.40



3.1.2 Soil and topography

Nearly 92 % of the geographical are is comprised of shallow to medium black soil having depth upto 60-95 cm top soil and 8%

is red soil. The soil is slightly reddish to very brown in surface colour. By large soils are well drained with moderate water holding

capacity. From sustainable development perspectives, what is alarming is the steady decline in the soil quality due to sheet erosion.

There has a considerable reduction in the application of farm yard manure resulting in reduced in moisture retention capacity and

porosity in the soils. Generally the organic carbon content is too low. Lack of water conservation measures at the field and at the

community level has led to the acceleration of environmental degradation. The farmers generally depend on internal resources (seeds

etc) as inputs for the next season. The topography of the area is moderate ranging from 0-10 % slope.

Table no. 9: Soil type and topography S. No. Name of the Agro-

climatic zone covers j t

Area in ha Name of village Major soil types

Topography

1 Saurashtra

2246.60 Majevdi (field to field Survey ) Black Soil & Medium Red Soil FLAT 2 1371.40 Makhiyala

3 698.30 Kerala



Table no. 10: Flood and drought condition SI no

Village

Flood (Incidence)

Drought (Incidence)

1

Majevdi Nil

Nil 2 Makhiyala Nil

3 Kerala Nil

Table no. 11: Soil Erosion Cause

Type of erosion

Area affected (ha)

Run off (mm/ year]

Average soil loss (Tonnes/ ha/ year) Water erosion

a

Sheet

3072.03 475 7.68 b

Rill

819.08 525 2.04 c

Gully

425.19 500 1.06 d

Ravenous

- - - Sub-Total

4316.19 10.79

Wind erosion

-- - Total

10.79

Table no. 11.1: Soil Salinity/Alkalinity (Salinity ingress)

Name of the Village Survey Number Soil pH Type of Salinity (Inherent/Ingress)

Majevdi 1to1546 6 to 7.5

In Herent Makhiyala 1to1010 In Herent Kerala 1to450 In Herent



Table: 12. Last six years annual rainfall, maximum and minimum temperature of Junagadh taluka

SR. No.

Year

Rainfall (in mm)

Temperature (°C) Max.

Min.

1

2005

1025 34.2 21.0 2

2006

1134 33.4 20.3 3

2007

1092 34.6 20.6 4

2008

1417 33.7 21.2 5

2009

1236 33.2 20.8 6

2010

825 34.6 21.2

3.2 Slope The slope of the watershed was calculated based on topographic elevation (contours and spot height) from satellite maps and

provided by BISAG, Gandhinagar. These maps will help in recommendation/implementation of suitable land management practices in

association of other thematic information.

Table no. 13: Physiography and relief Project name

Elevation

Slope Range (%)

Major streams

Majevdi 2-4 meters 0.75 to 4.5 % Local River Makhiyala 2-4 meters 0.75 to 4.5 % Local River

Kerala 2-4 meters 0.75 to 4.5 % Local River



3.2.1 Land and Agriculture

The main crops under agriculture are cotton, groundnut, wheat, maize and jawar. The land conservation measures such as

earthen bunds and farm bunds in the area will help them to take up a Rabi crop of wheat in the residual moisture.

Table no. 14: Land ownership details Sr. no Village Total owned land

Gen OBC SC ST 1 Majevdi 721 75 68 0 2 Makhiyala 460 68 48 4 3 Kerala 104 118 39 1

Table no. 15: Agriculture

S.R. No.

Village Net sown area (ha) One time Two times Three times

1 Majevdi 1585.00 1130.00 303.00 2 Makhiyala 998.20 720.00 230.00 3 Kerala 420.00 296.00 198.00



Table no. 16: Crop details

S.R. No. Village

Kharif (Monsoon) Rabi (Winter) Crop 1 Groundnut Kg/Ha Cotton Wheat kg/ha

Area(Ha) Production(kg) Productivity Area Production(kg) Productivity 1 Majevdi 718.36 1013530 1410.89 398.31 773001 2098.76 2 Makhiyala 502.20 730742 1455.08 1079.12 731734 671.86 3 Kerala 112.52 167500 1378.37 85.60 317400 3707.94

3.2.2 Irrigation

The irrigated area is 1463.00 , which is 33.37 % of the total area of the cluster villages. Main source of irrigation is from well,

borewell and checkdam. Agriculture is mainly rainfed and water for irrigation during the rest part of the year is available from limited

sources in Majevadi ,Makhiyala,Kerala



Table no. 17: Irrigation S.R. No.

Village

Source 1 : Canal

Source 2 : Pond/Earthen dam

Source 3 : Check dam Availabilit

y months

Net area

Gross area

Availability months

Net area

Gross area

Availability months

Net area

Gross area

1

Majevdi - - - - - - 2

Makhiyala - - - 3 Kerala - - - - - - 4 30 ha - Table no. 18: Livestock S.R. N

Village

Buffalo

Cow

Total Milk (Buffalo+Co

w)

Goat

Sheep

Bullock

Hen

Others

No

Milk

No

Milk

No

Milk

1

Majevdi 754 81289 352 67151 148440 225 0 16 150 0 17

2 Makhiyala 304 58839 83 23913 82752 57 0 72 267 0 145 3 Kerala 112 19363 32 7268 20091 77 0 113 118 0 89 Total 1170 159491 467 98332 251283 359 0 201 535 0 251

3.2.3 Drinking water

Drinking water is available in all the villages through household pipe connections which are linked through the borewell and

well with power operated machines. The quality of water is also good which has led to a reduction in the number of water borne

diseases occurring in the village.



Table no. 19: Drinking water S.R.

Village

Ground water table (mt)

Source of drinking water

Availability in months

Quality 1

2 Majevdi 12 Water tank

12

Good 2

Makhiyala 9 Pipe connection

12

Good 3 Kerala 8 Pipe connection

12

Good

Table no. 20: Details of Common Property Resources

S.R. No.

Names of

project

CPR Particulars

Total Area (ha) Area owned/ In possession of Area available for treatment (ha)

Pvt. persons

Govt. (Specify deptt.)

PRI Any other

(Pl. Specify)

Pvt. persons

Govt. (specify deptt.)

PRI Any other

(Pl. Specify)

1 IWMP-8

Wasteland/ degraded land 517 212.24 365.00 - 223 - 65 - Pastures - - 60.00 - - - 27 - Orchards 22.56 - - - - - - - Forest - 0.00 - - - - - - Village Ponds - 15.00 5.00 - - 4 10 - Check dams (area treated) - 27.00 - - - 8 38 - Community Buildings - - 32 - - - 2 - Weekly Markets - - - - - - - - Permanent markets - - - - - - - - Temples/ Places of worship - - - 16 - - - -



3.3 Socio-Economic Profile Table no. 21: Demographic information

S.R. N Village

Population

SC

ST

Total

Male

Female

Total

Male

Female

%

Total

Male

Female

% 1

Majevdi 5861 3022 2839 438 210 228 - 12 8 4 -

2 Makhiyal

3068 1603 1455 308 149 159 - 23 15 8 - 3 Kerala 1172 597 575 145 77 68 - 1 1 0 -

Table no. 22: Literacy rate

S.R. No.

Village Literacy

Literacy % above age 14

Literacy % below age 14

Total

%

Male

%

Female

%

1

Majevdi 5861 73.95

1208 40.95

1135 33

34.45 17.19 2 Makhiyala 3068 68.43

703 37.31

687 31.12

44.20 15.86

3 Kerala 1172 64.15

287 35.11

248 29.04

49.48 16.62

3.3.1 Migration Pattern: Migration is moderate in the cluster villages. The main reason of migration is availability of alternatives to agriculture like diamond polishing, tile making, cement making and wage labour. The youth in the villages generally prefer to work in these occupations because they want to enjoy the town-life. This is equally evident for those young people who have patriarchal agricultural land. Agriculture is seeming to lose its sheen to other non-farm occupations for the youngsters in the villages.



Table no. 23: Migration details S.R. No.

Village

Total population

Migration

Migration by months

Main reason for migration

Income during

migration / th

Total

Male

Female

Up to 3 months

3-6 months

More than 6 months

1 Majevdi 5861 248 200 48 200 124 10 Better employment prospects

Rs5000-6000

2

Makhiyala 3477 132 93 39 60 20 52 3 Kerala 1215 85 59 26 51 13 21

Table no. 24: Poverty

S.R. No.

Village

Total Household

BPL % o f B P L H H

Total Land less HH

% of land less HH 0-16

16-20

Total

1

Majevdi 1130 176 371 547 76.07 718 25.33 2 Makhiyala 620 56 81 137 50.82 110 25.88 3 Kerala 220 14 76 90 21.45 400 22.20

3.3.2 Infrastructure facilities

All the watershed villages are well connected with Junagadh taluka through pucca roads. Each village has electricity

connectivity. Nearly 96 per cent of households in the villages have their personal electric meters. All villages have primary and

Secondary school with some facilities like drinking water and libraries but there is lack of advance & technological facilities like.



Table no. 25: Village infrastructure S.R. No.

Village

Pucca road to the village (Y/N)

Schools

Colleges (Num.)

Post Office

(Distance in kms)

Banks (Num.)

Distance from

nearest market

yard

Milk collection centre (Numbe

r)

Milk cooperati

ve (Number)

Other cooperatives /CBIs (Number)

Any other

institution

LP

UP

HS

1

Majevdi Y Y Y Y N 0 1 15 1 1 1 N 2

Makhiyala Y Y Y Y N 0 1 10 1 1 1 N 3 Kerala Y Y Y Y N 5 0 20 1 0 N N

Table no. 26: Facilities / HH assets S.R. No.

Village

HHs with electricity

HHs with safety

latrines

HHs with phones

HHs with vehicle

HHs with TV

set

HHs with cooking

gas

HHs with

Drinking water

HHs with

freedge

Landline

Mobile

2 -wheeler

4- wheeler

1

Majevdi 893 1070 85 771 459 20 638 375 784 318 2

Makhiyala 573 456 40 563 344 15 485 250 328 292 3 Kerala 261 160 0 240 92 2 163 98 152 46



3.4 Livelihood pattern: The villagers earn their livelihood from animal husbandry, agriculture and wage labour. Another major occupation of the

people is business, service and diamond polishing industries in Junagadh.

Table no. 27: Yearly Income S.R. No. Village

Agriculture (in Rs.)

Animal husbandry

(in Rs.)

Casual labour ( in Rs.)

Others (Services&

Business,Pensi

Total (in Rs.)

1 Majevdi 91929900 2041800 1276990 3007530 96418600 2 Makhiyala 37514000 1323000 3147000 17425920 59409920 3 Kerala 10354000 227600 1681000 1447400 13710000

Table no.28: Dependence on Forest/CPR (Not Applicable)

S.R. No. Village Benefit type

1 Benefit type 2 Benefit type

2 Total income % sells Income % sells Income % sells Income

1 Majevdi NA - - - - - - 2 Makhiyala NA - - - - - - 3 Kerala NA - - - - - -



Table no. 29: Livelihood pattern (Occupational distribution)

S.R. No. Village Total

workforce Agriculture Animal

husbandry (AH)

Agriculture + AH

Agriculture/ Casual labour

Services Handicraft/ Business Others(Pensinor)

1 Majevdi 913 497 27 0 195 37 49 108

2 Makhiyala 670 393 31 0 99 42 41 77 3 Kerala 262 120 4 0 103 3 3 29



CHAPTER - 4

WATERSHED ACTIVITIES



4.1 Watershed Activities Watershed management as a strategy has been adapted by Government of India especially in the rainfed regions of semi-arid

tropics. These regions are characterized by low and undepependable rain, low soil fertility, poor infrastructure development, low literacy and high incidence of migration. The inheritant low fertility of crops results in lower productivity of crops which have a very low biological efficiency.

Several studies have identified that there is a dire need of a systematic and scientific approach to deal with watershed development. The common guidelines generate a fresh and flexible framework for the next generation watershed development.

4.1.1 Scientific Planning:

i) Cluster Approach

This envisages a broader vision of Geo-hydrological unit which involves treating a cluster of micro-watershed. The project consists of sixteen micro-watersheds namely 5G1C4c1g, 5G1C4c1f, 5G1C4c2b, 5G1C4c2a, 5G1C4c3a, 5G1C4c3b, 5G1C4c2c, 5G1C4c2d, 5G1C4c3d, 5G1C4c1c, 5G1C3b1h, 5G1C4c1h, 5G1C4c1j, 5G1C4c1g, 5G1C4c1d, 5G1C3b1e as their respective codes.

ii) Base line Survey

(a) Door to Door Survey The primary data was generated through questionnaire surveys in all the villages. The questionnaire was structured so as to derive

the information related to the objectives set forth. Mostly talked to

• Head of the families

• Mostly females (between 60% and 70%)



• Mostly younger adults (Age group : 25 – 44)

• High School education

• Sarpanch and Talati of respective Gram Panchayats.

• Farmers, Agricultural labours, Diamond polishing workers, ceramic factory workers etc.

• Cattle Breeders

• Landless labour

The questionnaire was divided into eleven modules through which information is extracted pertaining to

1. Village details 2. Population details

3. Water supply details

4. Water source details within and outside the village

5. Questions about community engagement

6. Questions about Livelihood

7. Awareness about Specific programme: Watershed

8. Desire to do more activities related to occupation

9. Productivity of farms

10. Education details

11. Questions about Land



The secondary data was obtained through Census reports (2001). Data pertaining to social profile is also collected through Census

reports. Secondary data related to different kinds of capital assets were collected from different departments of Government agencies

such as Revenue Office, Primary Health Center, Regional Marketing Center, Regional Forest Center (Van Sanrakshan Samiti),

District Rural development Agency initiative-SGSY Programme office, working on poverty alleviation, Village Panchyat, other

NGOs and development societies etc.

b) Field to field Survey:

Field to field survey was also carried out in the farms, community land, pasture land and land under Gram Panchayat. It also

includes the soil profiles, no of wells in the area, crop taken in the field, cropping pattern, fertilizer used and various sources of

irrigation in the field. The details of agriculture as well as pasture land of the village, where the existing structures and structures to be

proposed were note down. Almost all the farmers of the village were there to support the survey team. The purpose of the survey was

also to understand water availability, patterns of water use and peoples’ understanding & perceptions about both surface and

groundwater resources in this area. Village agreements will be done on the basis of such detailed work. This also survey looked at the

pattern of surface and groundwater use and the basic understanding of farmers regarding groundwater recharge and discharge. This

understanding was expected to help in improved planning for any watershed programme and to develop longer-term protocols of

groundwater management in respective areas.



iii) Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA)

In order to understand the social, economical and political aspect of all selected villages of Junagadh taluka, we conducted

Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) exercise with the help of the villagers on Dt. 01/10/2011 and +respectively. It was really a

useful tool to appreciate the village in its totality. We had the opportunity to interact with more than 100 numbers of people in

Majevdi Kerala and 80 village. To reach a concrete conclusion we requested to few villagers for focussed discussion and it was

entertained. In majority of the discussion, we listened to them carefully and tried to appreciate the discussion. Output generated

through these exercise is placed below.



(a) Resource Map: - Through resource map we came to know about all the residential pattern of village, community pasture land,

farm areas, about the river etc. It also gave us a fair idea about the pasture land, other land distribution pattern and different resources

of the village.

(b) Social Map: - After this exercise we came to know the approximate location of different institution of the village. During this

exercise we also had informal discussions with the participants about the importance of these institutions. Important location pointed

out during this exercise was Community Centre, Panchayat Bhavan, temple, Primary School etc. We cross checked all the location.

(c) Seasonal Diagram:- With this exercise we came to know about the major engagements of villagers across the twelve months

of the year. We found that rainfed agriculture and animal husbandry keep them busy at least for seven to eight months of the year.

About drinking water they informed that, situation in the month of April to June is really difficult.

(d) Crop Pattern: - Agriculture is the primary source of liveihood for more than 75% household. After this exercise we came to

know that there are two major cropping pattern Kharif and partially in Rabi. Under Kharif groundnut and Under Rabi major crops

grown are wheat and vegetables.

(e) Income-Expenditure Pot: - Under this exercise we came to know about the different sources of income of villagers and how

the money earned by the villagers is being spent under different heads. It was found that major source of earning among villagers are

farming, animal husbandary, different kinds of business, service etc. Major expenditure component were food, fuel, education of

children, medicines, clothes, festivals etc.

One focussed group discussion was organised to understand the status of different Self Help Groups operating in the village. This

discussion concentrated around the activities of SHG, terms and conditions of membership, working pattern of different SHG and



their role in the development of society and villages.

Another curiosity in our mind was about the political institution of the village. Apart from different institution’s discussion was

concentrated about gram panchayat issue. Here the major point of discussion was participation of women and deprived section of the

society in the decision making process, their representation in the panchayat. In what manner the panchayat facilitates the process of

development and poverty alleviation. In this process its relation with different institutions of village like Dispensary, Aanganwari,

Primary School and High school was also discussed.

The whole purpose was to identify the employment opportunities available during the different seasons in a year, income,

expenditure, crisis management, daily activities and time allotted to each activity, the leisure time of men and women, and market

network for agricultural produce etc. In the gender analysis, an attempt was made to find out the gendered division of labour, the

status of women in relation to the right to use, to own and sell different household properties, the means of production of the

household and the role and participation of women in decision-making at intra household and community levels.

To identify different problems faced by villagers a separate focussed discussion was carried out. The villagers were grouped in

to different types as shown below to know all the details of the village in a stipulated time.

• Business men and women

• Small and marginal farmers

• Large farmers

• Landless farmers



• Women

• Gram Panchayat members

• Cattle grazing population

• (f) Problem Identification

After analysis the information collected during PRA exercise, the main problems identified are as under:

• Poor fertility of farm land

• Improper Crop soil and productivity low agricultural

• Soil Erosion from Rotation

• Almost negligible cultivation of arid fruits

• Less use of bio-fertilizers

• Less cultivation of vegetables

• Low milk production and rearing of non descript breeds

• No use of vermi compost

• Lack of value addition practices

• Lack of purification of Drinking Water



• No near by Market

• Migration

• Sanitation Problems

• Less Nutritional Level

• Malnutrition in few families

iv) Use of GIS and remote sensing for planning

Remote sensing and GIS plays an important role in the study of natural resources and helps in planning water resources

development. One of the greatest advantages of using remote sensing data for hydrological investigations and monitoring is its ability

to generate information in spatial and temporal domain, which is very crucial for successful analysis, prediction and validation. Use of

various high-tech tools has been promoted & implemented at various stages of watershed development

a) Prioritization Geographical Information System (GIS) has been used for prioritization process. Various layer maps were created like Geo-

morphological, Soil, BPL Population, SC/ST population, Ground Water Status, Drinking water situation and Slope percent. These were all given proper weightage according to the DoLR specification. This helped in prioritization of various watershed areas.

b) Planning

An action plan matrix was been formulated by State Level Nodal Agency(SLNA) taking into account various features like the slope percent, soil depth, soil texture, soil erosion in the area for wasteland, forest land and agricultural land.



Global positioning System (GPS) was used to identify each and every water conservation structures available in the project area. This will be used to create a map. Contour Map of vertical interval of 1 meter at a scale of 1:8000 was used for identifying various location specific for soil and water conservation structures.

c) Hydrological modelling Hydrology modelling technique has been used for locating drainage, stream length, flow direction, sink-flow accumulation. This

model overlaid over cadastral map held to calculate the catchment area of each structure like the check dam etc. This has helped to remove the human error which generally occurring while calculating the catchment area of a check dam.



Table no. 30: Details of Scientific Planning and Inputs in IWMP projects

S. No. Scientific criteria/ inputs used Whether scientific

criteria was used

(A) Planning Cluster approach Yes Whether technical back-stopping for the project has been arranged? If yes, mention the name of the Institute

Baseline survey Yes Hydro-geological survey Yes Contour mapping Yes Participatory Net Planning (PNP) Yes Remote sensing data-especially soil/ crop/ run-off cover Yes Ridge to Valley treatment Yes Online IT connectivity between (1) Project and DWDU cell/ZP Yes (2) DWDU and SLNA Yes (3) SLNA and DoLR Yes Availability of GIS layers 1. Cadastral map Yes 2. Village boundaries Yes 3. Drainage Yes 4. Soil (Soil nutrient status) 5. Land use Yes 6. Ground water status Yes 7. Watershed boundaries Yes



8. Activity Yes Crop simulation models# Integrated coupled analyzer/ near infrared visible spectroscopy/ medium spectroscopy for high speed soil nutrient analysis

Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)# Weather Station (B) Inputs 1. Bio-pesticides 2. Organic manures Yes 3. Vermicompost Yes 4. Bio-fertilizer Yes 5. Water saving devices 6. Mechanized tools/ implements 7. Bio-fencing Yes 8. Nutrient budgeting 9. Automatic water level recorders & sediment samplers Any other (please specify)



Table no. 31 Details of PRA Activities conducted in the project area-*

Sr. No.

Name of the PRA Activity / FGD

Date Number of

people present

Lessons learnt / Understanding of the problem/situation

1 Social Mapping

NRM Problem Analysis

Chart

03-10-11 Kerala 89

No Facilities of Animal Water Trough and Sanghat in Gamtal

2 Social Mapping


Chart

1-10-11 Majevadi 110

Sufficient Drinking Water Facilities is not Available, In Monsoon Season farms are disconnected fro m gamtal ,Drinking water facilities at school not available.

3 Social Mapping


Chart

10-10-11 Makhiyala 78

Flooding of Gamtal because of Vokala , Less Production of agriculture due to less irrigation facility etc.

4.2. Institution Building

i) Watershed Committee (WC)

This is the general body of the residents constituted by Gram sabha of the watershed as well as farmers who own

land within the watershed area registered under society Registration Act 1860. The Gram Sabha meetings were held in

first week of July, where the watershed committees were formed taking in to account all caste, women representation and

Gram panchayat members. Both President and Secretary of WC were selected after the first Watershed Committee

meeting was held. The secretary will be a paid functionary of the watershed committee. The Watershed Committee with



the help of the Watershed Development Team (WDT) shall facilitate resource-use agreements among the user groups

based on the principle of equity and sustainability. Capacity building training to the watershed committee will be provided by

WDT member. The watershed committee has a pivotal during various processes like the PRA and overall planning of various

points.



4.2. Watershed Committee Details. Table no. 32.1: Watershed Committee details (Makhiyala)

Names of WCs

Date of Registration as a Society (dd/mm/

yyyy)

Name

Designation M/F S

C SF

MF LF Land

-less UG

SHG

GP

Any other

Educa-tional

qualifi-cation

Function/s

assigned#

Water shed committee Makhiyala

Under progress

Gajera Kantibhai Devjibhai President M Y Y Primary B,E

Harpal Mohit Bhupatbhai Secretary M Y TYBA C,D,I

Gajare Vinod Babubhai Member M Y Y Y 0 B

Sondarva Magan Manjibhai Member M Y Y Y Primary H

Tilala Vijyaben Gopalbhai Member F Y Primary A

Chovatiya Shambhu Kadvabhai Member M Y 11 H

Gajera Nirmalaben Gopalbhai Member F Y Primary G

Vala Rambhai Amrubhai Member M Y 11 D ,E,G,

Bariya Shantaben Arshibhai Member F Y Primary C,F

Chaudhari Chandrikaben

Dipakbhai Member F Y Y

Primary E,D

Makvana Kailash Karsanbhai WDT

Member M

TYBA,ITI Surveyor

I,G



Table no. 32.2: Watershed Committee details (Kerala)

Names of WCs

Date of Registration as a Society (dd/mm/

yyyy)

Name

Designation M/F S

C SF

MF LF Land

-less UG

SHG

GP

Any other

Educa-tional

qualifi-cation

Function/s

assigned#

Water shed committee

Kerala

Under progress

Sojitra Juthabhai Nathabhai President M Y T.Y.B.A B,E

Makvana Parsotam Jivabhai Secretary M C,D,I

Vank Harsukh Dinubhai Member M Y 10 B

Solanki Kala Ghusabhai Member M Primary H

Mathukiya Labhuben Babubhai Member F 0 A

Parmar Kanchanben Gordhanbhai Member F Y Y 0 H

Parmar Lilaben Rameshbhai Member F Y Y 0 G

Parmar Ravjibhai Madhabhai Member M Y Y Y Primary D ,E,G,

Meghnathi Harigar Virgar Member M Y Primary C,F

Solanki Ranjanben Sanjaybhai

Member F Primary

E,D

Bagda Kanchan M.

WDT Member F Y D.C.E. I,G



Table no. 32.3 : Watershed Committee details (Majevadi)

Names of

WC

Date of

Registration

as a Society

(dd/mm/

yyyy)

Name

Designati

on M/F

S

C

S

T SF MF LF

Land-

less UG

SH

G GP

Educa-

tional

qualifi-

cation

Function/s

assigned#

Watershed

committee

MAJEVDI

10-01-2012

Hirapara Yogesh Gokalbhai President M - - Y Y SSC B,E

Dholariya Jamnadas Manjibhai Secretary M - - Y BA Bed C,D,I

Ramani Manushakh

Hansarajbhai Member M - - Y Y SSC B

Makvana Kishor Sajanbhai Member M Y - Y 8 H

Chotani Nilesh Rajabhai Member M - - Y Y 9 B

Ram Devshi Ramshibhai WDT

Member M - -

BRS,

MSW H

Malaviya Gordhan Premjibhai Member M - - Y Y Y 8 G

Abhani Arunaben Arvindbhai Forester F - - Y 9 D ,E,G,

Bhayani Hansaben Ishavarlal Member F - - Y Y Primary C,F

Masaliya Lilavati Boghabhai Member F - - Y Y 0 E,D

Gajera Rekhaben Harshadbhai Member F - - Y Y 8 I,G



# Functions Assigned, as below A. PNP and PRA B. Pl`anning C. Maintenance of Accounts D. Signing of cheques and making payments E. Supervision of construction activities F. Cost Estimation G. Verification & Measurement H. Record of labour employed I. Social Audit J. Any other (please specify).



4.2.2 : Self Help Group

We believe that the full potential of our watershed work can only be raised if it is supplemented by a

microfinance programme. This is essential if we are to ensure long-term livelihood security to the poor. We are also

convinced that no microfinance programme can be successful until it is tied up with livelihood programmes such as

agriculture, dairying, marketing and enterprise development etc. Thus microfinance and livelihood programmes are

complementary to each other and their simultaneous implementation is the key to poverty alleviation. Incomes raised

through livelihood initiatives need to be saved. Of these women are the best custodians. Self Help Group is motivated,

small homogenous group organized together through highly successful of credit and thrift activities. These savings must be

reinvested in livelihood options that in turn raise incomes, setting up various cycles. Generally self help group includes

landless and marginal sized farm women, BPL household, SC/ST women.

Before formation of the Self Help Group’s discussions were held with the women of the village during Participatory Rural Appraisal

activities and Focus Group Discussion. The participants came out with their problems very well.



Table no. 33: SHG detail

S.R. No.

Name of village

Total no. of registered SHGs No. of members No. of SC/ST in each category

No. of BPL in each category

With only Men

With only Women With both Total Categories M F Total M F Total M F Total

1 Makhiyala 1 3 1 5

(i) Landless 3 37 40 13 37 50 3 5 8 (ii) SF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

(iii) MF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (iv) LF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 3 37 40 13 37 50 3 5 8

Table no. 33.1: SHG detail

S.R. No.

Name of village



With only Men


2 Kerala 0 0 4 4

(i) Landless 0 35 35 5 5 10 0 0 0 (ii) SF 5 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0

(iii) MF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (iv) LF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 5 35 40 5 5 10 0 0 0

Table no. 33.2: SHG detail

S.R. No.

Name of village



With only Men


3 Majevadi 2 1 2 5

(i) Landless 3 2 5 0 0 0 2 2 4 (ii) SF 38 7 45 0 0 0 0 0 0

(iii) MF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (iv) LF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 41 9 50 0 0 0 2 2 4



4.2.3 : User Group:

These are homogeneous groups of persons having landholding within the watershed area. They are normally formed to manage an activity or asset on a long term basis. The user group collects user charges from their members. Some of the points which were considered while forming a user group were:

1) In case of a check dam all the beneficiaries of the individual check dam were involved as user group members.

2) Groundnut grading user groups

3) Paper dish making user groups

4) Vermi Composting user groups

5) Animal Husbandry user groups Focused group discussion was conducted to between the user groups to discuss the above conditions and to select potential members. It was advocated that each group to formulate certain internal rules and have a feeling of ownership with community spirit. Table No. 34: The following types of groups were planned to be formed

S.R. No.

Name of User Group

Major Task 1

Animal Husbandry Group

Bringing of new AH technology Management of New Cattle and their improvement 2 Farm pond/Percolation tank user Group

Equitable sharing of resources 3 Farm bund and Check Dam Group Equitable sharing of resources

4 Nursery Group

Maintenance of nursery plot Ensure Timely supply of seedling for afforestation. 5 Micro-enterprise developing group Ensuring livelihood opportunities, reducing distress migration



Table no. 34.1: UG detail

S. No. Name of village Total no. of UGs No. of members No. of SC/ST in each

category No. of BPL in each

category Men Women Both Total Categories M F Total M F Total M F Total

1 Makhiyala 0 3 1 4

(i) Landless 3 37 40 3 37 40 1 5 6 (ii) SF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

(iii) MF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

(iv) LF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 3 37 40 3 37 40 1 5 6


S. No. Name

of village

Total no. of UGs No. of members No. of SC/ST in each category


Men Women Both Total Categories M F Total M F Total M F Total

2 Kerala 0 0 4 4

(i) Landless 0 35 35 5 5 10 0 0 0 (ii) SF 5 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0

(iii) MF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (iv) LF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 5 35 40 5 5 10 0 0 0


S. No. Name

of village

Total no. of UGs No. of members No. of SC/ST in each category


Men Women Both Total Categories M F Total M F Total M F Total

3 Majevadi 2 1 2 5

(i) Landless 3 2 5 0 0 0 2 2 4 (ii) SF 38 7 45 0 0 0 0 0 0

(iii) MF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (iv) LF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 41 9 50 0 0 0 2 2 4



4.3. Physical activities to be undertaken under IWMP-8 4.3.1 Entry Point activity (EPA)

EPA activities are certain important works which are in urgent demand of the local community. This helps in establishment of

credibility of watershed Development Team (WDT). It also acts as a rapport building activity of the village community. A group

Discussion was conducted with watershed Development Committee regarding the EPA activity; it was conveyed to the amount of Rs.

20.71 lakh in three cluster village of Junagadh cluster was allotted for Entry Point Activity, which was 4 per cent of total allocated

budget. The villagers discussed various activities which they felt is important but after a brief discussion it was conveyed to them that

only those activities can taken, which revive the common natural resources. It was also taken into priority that there should be a

instrument of convergence which will result in sustainability of activities.



EPA

Activities



Table No. 35.1: Some of the major activities proposed in Makhiyala are: Name of Villages

Details of activity

Amount earmarked for EPA Estimated Cost ( In lakhs)

Makhiyala

West water callcition pit( 1 Nos) 6.58 Lakhs

0.48 Construction Of New protction wall ( 1 Nos) 3.61 Construction of Protaction Wall ( 1 Nos) 2.48

Total 6.57 Table No. 35.2: Some of the major activities proposed in Kerala are:

Name of Villages

Details of activity Amount earmarked for EPA

Estimated Cost ( In lakhs)

Kerala

Construction Of New Animal Water Through ( 1 Nos)

3.35 Lakhs

0.53

Construction of Bathing Provision in village ( 1 Nos) 1.42

Animal health camp ( 1 Nos) 0.50 Protection Tank for TubeWell ( 1 Nos) 0.57

Total 3.02

Table No. 35.3: Some of the major activities proposed in Majevadi are: Name of Villages

Details of activity Amount earmarked for EPA Estimated Cost ( In lakhs)

Majevadi

Construction Of CauseWay Cum Check dam ( 1 Nos)

10.78 Lakhs

2.62 Reparing of over head tank (150000 lit) ( 1 Nos) 3.99 Construction of Water tank (3000 lit) ( 1 Nos) 1.00 RRWHS (in school) ( 3 Nos) 2.43 Animal Health Camp ( 1Nos) 0.92

Total 10.78



4.3.2. Watershed Development Works:

Watershed development works is to be done during implementation phase of watershed. Treatments begin from the highest point of the watershed and move progressively downwards (ridge to valley), starting with the smallest stream and culminating in the main river of the watershed. Work is location-specific, varying according to slope and geology as also the size of the stream being treated. The aim is to weave interventions into the contours of nature, not to seek mastery over it. A net budget of 50 percent is allotted for this work.

Drainage line Treatment Plans

It is very important to treat the undulating part of the land in waetrshed area to conserve water and soil from erosion. This involves mainly agriculture and pasture land of that region in the watershed. Various water harvesting and managing structures should build to arrest the erosion and degradation of soil . 1. Check dam

2. Check dam cum cause-way

3. Pakka plug

4. Village pond

5. Protection wall CONSTRUCTION OF CHECK DAM 1.0 INTRODUCTION :-

The IWMP scheme consists of a new check dam across river stream local near village Makhiyala of junagadh clusters in

JUNAGADH District.



2.0

3.0

HISTORY OF THIS SCHEME:-

The preliminary site investigation were carried out in th month of JUNE-2010 and the survey work for the proposed site was carried

out in the month july-2010.During investigation it was found that the flow in river being in-adequate for carrying the water by canal

system it was not possible to construct a weir or storage scheme and check dam is proposed.

The proposed site situated near village Majevadi. At the proposed site the river is having 20.00 meters horizontal and2.50 meters

vertical banks. The site is suitable for check dam as it is having sufficient No. of wells to be benefited if the check dam is constructed

the stream bed comprises of Hard murram is met at the depth of 1.00 meters from lowest bed level and the banks comprises of soil,

S.R. & H.R. Strata. It is assumed that the wells coming within periphery of half mile from check dam site will be benefited the high

flood water not reaming within the banks before construction hence there is over flanking of water but not damaging any surrounding,

If, check dam is constructed across the stream and the flood water over flow but will no damage, surrounding and hence provision

for land acquisition is not made in the detailed estimate, and A.H.F.L. (GPS POINT – N-21 36 973,E-070 26 307)

LOCATION AND SELECTION OF SITE :-

4.0 The catchments area at the proposed site is1.25 Sq.Km. as shown in the index plan. The monsoon flow remaining up to December

Month every year during normal monsoon. The maximum flood discharge is 343.600calculated it comes to success by S.P.F. formula.

HYDROLOGICAL DATA :-



1. Name of River

SALIENT FEATURES

Local River 2. Catchment area 1.25 Sq.Km. 3. Discharge 343.60 cusecs. 4. Length of check dam 20.00 meters 5. F.S.L. R.L. 99.08 meters 6. Bed Level R.L. 98.08 meters 7. Foundation of body R.L. 96.78 meters 8. Top width of body : 1.00 meters 9. Bottom width of body 2.00 meters 10. Apron width 2.00 meters 11. Top apron R.L. 97.83 meters 12. Foundation of apron R.L. 97.55 meters 13. L/s. key wall 2.00 meters 14. R/s. key wall 2.00 meters 15. Benefits Rising of water table of area Coming ½ mile radis. coming ½ mile radis. 16. Irrigation 43 Hect. 17. Estimated quantity Estimated quantity :



CH.

DISCHARGE CALCULATION+ (Stand Project Flood) Discharge as per S.P.F. = Q = 29.402 (C.A.)0.9232

Where C.A. = Catchment area = 1.25 Km2 Q = 29.0402 (1.25) 0.9232 = 343.6cumecs. Discharge as per managing formula H Let as assume.F.L. at site is equal to bank level R.L. Meters.

AGL. HFL. F. MD. DIST. AREA 00 99.08 99.08 0.00 0.00 - -

4 98.43 99.08 0.65 0.325 4 0.325 8 97.25 99.08 1.83 0.915 4 0.915

12 97.55 99.08 1.53 0.765 4 0.765 16 99.98 99.08 0.9 0.45 4 0.45 20 99.96 99.08 0.88 0.44 4 0.44

TOTAL 20.0M. 2.895M2

Area = 2.895 M2 = 31.145 Ft2

Perimeter = 12 M.



Hydraulic mean depth R = A = 2.895 = 0.24 M P 12 Velocity according to Mannigs formula V = 1

= 137.6cusecs.

R2/3 S½ N Where N = co-eff. of Rughecity

= 0.03

R = Hydraulic Mean Depth

= 0.24

S = Bed Slop

I = 0.06

V = 1.35 M/sec.

Discharge Q = A x V

= 2.895 x 1.35

= 3.9Cum / Sec.

= 3.9 x 35.31


Detailed Project Report – I.W.M.P.-8, JUNAGADH PAGE 69

Calculated and provide check dam with following features.

Due to over flanking of river banks the H.F.L., A.H.F.L. can’t determine and hence calculation regarding A.H.F.L. scour depth,

Hydraulic jump, apron, stability at A.H.F.L. are not

1. Length : 20.00 M.

2. F.S.L. : R.L.99.08 M.

3. Foundation of body : R.L.95.63

4. Apron : 4.00 M

5. Apron top : R.L.97.83 M

6. Apron flood : R.L.98.25

CALCULATION FOR SCOUR DEPTH Maximum flood discharge = 137.6 cusecs.

Length of check dam = 20.00 M

Discharge per feet run = D = Q = 137.6 = 2.09feet L 20(3.28)

Scour depth R = 0.9 (d) = 0.9 (2.09)

= 1.88 feet

= 0.56 M.



CALCULATION FOR HYDRAULIC JUMP AND APRON Flood discharge = 137.6 cusecs.

Length of check dam = 20.00 M

Discharge per feet run = D = Q = 137.6

= 4.195 L 32.8

Difference of head = A.H.F.L. - Bed level

= 100.83 - 98.08

= 2.75m

= 9.02 feet

Now Velocity = V1 = 0.90 2 gh

= 0.90 2 x 32.20 x 9.02

= 21.69 feet / sec

Now d1 = h1 = 9.02

& d2 =

= 0.415 feet v1 21.69

(d1)2 + 4(d1)2 (v1)2 2 2 gd1



d2 = (0.415)2 + 4(0.415)2 (21.69)2

Now Found Number f =

2 2 x 32.20 x 0.415

d2 = 3.30 feet.

V1 gd1 32.20 x 0.415

= 1.27 > 1 O.K.

Which is grater thane one.

Hence hydraulic jump will occur.

Now thickness of apron = t =

21.69

d2 - d1 x w 2 w2-w1

Where w1 = wt. of water = 1.00 t1m3

w2= wt. of masonary = 2.40 t1m3



t = 3.30– 0.415 x

1.NAME OF RIVER /VOKALA

1.00 2

= 1.44feet

LENGTH OF APRON

L = 5 (d2 - d1)

L = 5 (3.30 – 0.415)

= 14.42 feet = 4.39 M

As site condition provided 4.00 M apron width.

:- LOCAL VOKALA 2.LENGTH OF CHECKDAM :- 20.00 MT. 3.CREST LEVEL R.L. :- 99.00 MT. 4.H.F.L. :- 99.08 MT. 5.HEIGHT ABOVE G. L. :- 2.20 MT.

6.TOP WIDTH :-

1.0 MT.

7.BOTTAM WIDTH :- 2.0

MT.

8.SLOPE 1:20 9.CATCHMENT AREA 1.25.00 SQ.KM



1. Percolation well:

It is the structure made in water way of river, vokala or in small stream for harvest the surface run-off water and increase

ground water table and its technical details are under:

1 Increase ground water table

2 Reduce soil erosion

3 Creating a hydraulic head locally which enhances infiltration of surface runoff into the groundwater system.



ITEM NO.:- 1 PERCOLATION WELL EXACAVATION & DEWATERING Excavation for Well including removing And spreading the excavated stuffs directed with

Lead up to 90m. (1) in all soils including hard murrum

(2) in soft rock

(3) in hard rock with blasting and chiseling or by shiseling only for finishing. S.O.R. Page. 102 NO. SOIL ITEM QTY RATE PER AMOUNT

1 MURRUM 0.0M to 1.5M DEPTH 14.42 46.00 CUM. 663.32 2 H.ROCK 1.5M to 3.0M DEPTH 14.42 272.00 CUM. 3922.24 3 H.ROCK 3.0M to 4.5M DEPTH 14.42 272.00 CUM. 3922.24 4 H.ROCK 4.5M to 6.0M DEPTH 14.42 272.00 CUM. 3922.24 5 H.ROCK 6.0M to 7.5M DEPTH 14.42 390.00 CUM. 5623.80 6 H.ROCK 7.5M to 9.0M DEPTH 14.42 403.00 CUM. 5811.26 7 H.ROCK 9.0M to 10.5M DEPTH 14.42 422.00 CUM. 6085.24

8 H.ROCK 10.5M to 12.0M DEPTH 14.42 438.00 CUM. 6315.96



TOTAL Rs 50873.76 ADD 2% CONTI. Rs 1017.47 TOTAL Rs 51891.23 SAY Rs 52000.00



Table no. 36: Details of ridge line treatment / land based activities in watershed works: Makhiyala SR. No.

Name of structure

Type of treatment Type of land Executing agency

Target

i) Ridge area (R)

(ii) Drainage line (D)

(iii) Land dev (L)

(i) Pri-vate

(ii) Community

(iii) Others

(pl. specify)

(i) UG (ii) SHG (iii) WC

No. of units (No./ cu.m./ rmt)

Estimated cost (Rs. in lakh)

Expected month & year of

completion (mm/yyyy)

M W O T

1 Farm Bunding

L P UG/WC 4583 Rmt 10.00

2 Land Leveling L P UG/WC 52.17

ha 11.00

Total 21.00



Table no. 36.1: Details of ridge line treatment / land based activities in watershed works : Kerala

SR. No.

Name of structure

Type of treatme

nt

Type of land Executing

agency

Target

i) Ridge area (R)

(ii) Drainage line

(D)

(iii) Land dev (L)

(i) Pri-vate

(ii) Communi

ty

(iii) Others

(pl. specif

y)




Expected month & year

of complet

ion (mm/yy

yy) M W O T

1 Farm Bunding

L P UG/WC 3844 Rmt

9.24

2 Land Leveling

L P UG/WC 41 ha 9.24

Total 18.4

8



Table no. 36.2: Details of ridge line treatment / land based activities in watershed works: Majevadi SR. No.

Name of structure

Type of

treatment

Type of land Executing

agency

Target

i) Ridge area (R)

(ii) Drainage line

(D)

(iii) Land dev (L)

(i) Pri-vate

(ii) Communi

ty

(iii) Others

(pl. specif

y)





completion

(mm/yyyy)

M W O T

1 Farm Bunding

D L P UG/WC 2185 Rmt

9.00

2 Land Leveling

L P UG/WC 45.42 ha

10.54

Total 19.54



Plains or Flat level:

Farm bunds are constructed on agricultural land with the aim of arresting soil erosion and improving the soil moisture

profile. Ideally, bunds on farms should be made on the contour line. But this creates several problems for farmers. Contour

bunds divide the field into irregular sections. In such a situation, it becomes inconvenient to maneuver bullocks for operations

such as ploughing and line-sowing. Due to these difficulties, what is normally practiced in the name of farm bunding is bunding

along the field boundaries.

Technical Details/Estimates of Farm Bund Estimate of cost : Farm Bunding

Particulars Value Unit Top width 2.00 Mt U/S Slope 1: 1:1.5 D/S Slope 1: 1:1.5 Max. height 2.00 Mt Bottom Width 8.00 Mt. Area of cross section of Farm Bund 10.02 Sq mt Qty. of earthwork of Farm bund /Meter 10.02 Cumec Rate /cumec 50.00 Rs. Total cost of Farmbund per mt. 41.41 RS Total Length of farm bunding Mt Cost of Farm bunding Rs



Drainage line Treatment and water harvesting:

The second tier treatment is the slope treatment. This is generally agricultural land or waste lands. These are generally water

conservation or surface water storage structures. These being highly labour intensive will involve more of manual labour so schemes

like National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (M.G.N.R.E.G.S.) can be taken. Following structures has been proposed in the

project villages.

1. Pond

2. Waste Weir

3. Aforestation

Technical details of Village Pond

Particulars

Value

Structure Length

900.00

Mt. Structure Height

2.00

Mt. Upstream Slope

1:1.5

:1 Downstream Slope

1:1.5

:1 Bund Top Width

2.00

Mt. Structure Base Width

8.00

Mt. Structure Cross Section

10.00

SqMt.



Table no.37: Activities related to Surface water resources in Makhiyala (all financial figures in lakh Rs.) S. No.

Type of structures

Proposed target Augmentation/ repair of existing

structures Construction of new structures Total target Expected month

& year of completion (mm/yyyy)

No. Area to be

irrigated (ha)

Storage capacity (Cumec)

Estimated cost

(Lakhs)

No. Area to be

irrigated (ha)

Storage capacity (Cumec)

Estimated cost

Area to be

irrigated (ha)

Storage capacity

Estimated cost

1 Check Dam 0 0 0 0 3 57.50 8000 8.40 57.50 8000 8.40

2 Causeway cum Check Dam

0 0 0 0 9 279.00 12000 34.50 279.00 12000 34.50

Total 0 0 0 0 12.00 336.50

20000.00 42.90 336.50

20000.00 42.90



Table no.37.1: Activities related to Surface water resources in Kerala (all financial figures in lakh Rs.) S.

No. Type of

structures Proposed target

Augmentation/ repair of existing structures

Construction of new structures Total target Expected month & year of

completion

(mm/yyyy)

No.

Area to be

irrigated (ha)

Storage capacit

y (Cume

c)

Estimated cost (Lakhs)

No. Area to be irrigat

ed (ha)

Storage capacit

y (Cumec

)

Estimated cost

Area to be

irrigated (ha)

Storage

capacity

Estimated cost

1 Check Dam 0 0 0 0 3 0 85.83 4.72 3 85.83 4.72

Total 0 0 0 0 3 0 85.83 4.72 3 85.83 4.72



Table no.37.2: Activities related to Surface water resources in Majevadi (all financial figures in lakh Rs.)

S. No.

Type of structures

Proposed target Augmentation/ repair of existing

structures Construction of new structures Total target Expected

month & year of

completion (mm/yyyy)

No.

Area to be

irrigated (ha)

Storage capacit

y (Cumec

)

Estimated cost (Lakhs)

No. Area to be irrigated (ha)

Storage

capacity

(Cumec)

Estimated cost

Area to be

irrigated (ha)

Storage

capacity

Estimated cost

1 Check Dam 0 0 0 0 6 150 - 18.00 150 - 18.00 0

2 Causeway cum Check Dam

0 0 0 0 18 600 - 72.00 600 - 72.00 0

Total 0 0 0 0 0 750 - 90.00 750 - 90.00 0



Table no.38: Activities related to recharging ground water resources in the project areas (all financial figures in lakh Rs.) SR.

No. Name of Villages

Type of structures Proposed target Augmentation/ repair of existing

recharging structures Construction of new recharging

structures Total target


Estimated cost


Estimated cost

(lakhs)

Area to be irrigated

(ha)

Estimated cost (lakhs)

1 Makhiyala - - - - 2 3.33 0.40 3.33 0.40 2 Kerala - - - - 2 3.33 0.40 3.33 0.40 3 Majevadi - - - - 3 5.00 0.60 5.00 0.60

Total for the Project - - - 7 11.66 1.40 11.60 1.40 1.40



Table no.39.1 Details of activities related to livelihood, production system and micro-enterprises -Makhiyla

S. No. Name of village

Name of activity Type of land Executing agency

Target

(i) Private

(ii) Community (iii) Others (pl.

specify)

(i) UG Estimated cost

Expected month & year of completion

(mm/yyyy) (ii)SHG (Rs. in lakh) (iii) WC

1

Makhiyala

Agri. Development Crop Demonstration Wheat Demostration Private SHG /UG 0.30 Green house Private SHG /UG 3.00 Vermi Compost Unit Private SHG /UG 2.00 Organic Farming Private SHG /UG 1.20

Micro Irrigation Drip Irrigation Private UG 1.71 Sprinkler Irrigation Private UG 1.60

Agro Processing Unit Multi crop Thresher machine Private SHG 1.50 Multi Grading Unit Private SHG/UG 3.87

Dairy Development Veterinary Camp Community SHG/UG/WC 3.00 - Fodder Bank Private SHG/UG 2.00 Animal Nutriant Selling Unit Private SHG/UG 4.50

SEED Bank Wheat Seed Private SHG 2.00

Other Activities Ladher Work Private SHG 1.30 - Senttting Private SHG 3.29

Sub Total 31.27 -



Table no.39.2 Details of activities related to livelihood, production system and micro-enterprises -Kerala

S. No. Name of village

Name of activity Type of land Executing agency

Target

(i) Private

(ii) Community (iii) Others (pl.

specify)

(i) UG Estimated cost

Expected month & year of completion


2

Kerala

Agri. Development

Crop Demonstration Wheat Demostration Private SHG/UG 0.30 Green house Private SHG/UG 1.40 Organic Farming Private UG 1.20

Micro Irrigation Drip Irrigation Private UG 1.14

Agro Processing Unit Multi crop Thresher machine Private SHG/UG 1.50 Agri Waste Processing Unit Private SHG/UG 2.70 Flour mill Private SHG/UG 0.50

Dairy Development Veterinary Camp Community SHG/UG/WC 1.50 -

Animal Nutriant Selling Unit

Private SHG/UG 2.00

SEED Bank Wheat Seed Private SHG/UG 2.00

Other Activities (10%) Senttting Private SHG 1.68

Sub Total 15.92 -



Table no.39.3 Details of activities related to livelihood, production system and micro-enterprises –Majevdi

S. No. Name of village Name of activity Type of land Executing agency

Target

(i) Private (ii) Community (iii) Others (pl. specify)

(i) UG Estimated cost Expected month & year of completion


1

Makhiyala

Agri. Development Crop Demonstration Wheat Demostration Private SHG /UG 0.60 Ground nut Demostration Private SHG /UG 0.80 Green house Private UG 3.00 Vermi Compost Unit Private SHG /UG/WC 4.00 Organic Farming Private SHG /UG 1.20 Horticulture Plantation Private SHG /UG 2.56

Micro Irrigation Drip Irrigation Private UG 4.00 Sprinkler Irrigation Private UG 2.10

Agro Processing Unit Multi crop Thresher machine Private SHG 1.50 Pickel Making Unit Private SHG/UG 1.30 Wheat Processing Unit Private SHG/UG 3.50 Masala Mill Private SHG/UG 2.00 Mini Oil Mill Private SHG/UG 9.00

Dairy Development Veterinary Camp Community SHG/UG/WC 4.00 - Animal Nutriant Selling Unit Private SHG/UG 4.27

SEED Bank Wheat Seed Private SHG 2.00

Other Activities Mandap Service Private SHG 2.50 - Handicraft Private SHG 0.89

Miler Private SHG 2.00 Sub Total 51.22 -



Table no.40 Activities related to livelihoods by Self Help Groups (SHGs) in the project areas S. No. Names of Villages Major activities of the SHGs & UGs

Name of activity No. of SHGs involved

Average annual income from

activity per SHG (In Rs. Approx)

1

Makhiyala

Ladher Work 1 38000 Papad Making 1 40000 Senttting 1 82000 Mini Oil Mill 1 85000 Dress Matrial Shop 1 48000

2

Kerala

Papad Making Unit 1 37000 Senttting 1 80000 Flour Mill 1 36000

3 Majevadi



Table no. 41 Linkages developed at village level

Sr. No. Village Name of

activity Forward/Backward linkage Linkage with Outcome

1

Makhiyala

Majevadi

Kerala

PAPAD MAKING UNIT

Sr. No.

Particular Price (Rs.)

Machinery and Equipments

1 Mixing and rolling machine

24000.00

2 Weighing machine 3000.00 3 Packing machine 2000.00 4 Set for papad making 1000.00 5 Furniture 5000.00 6 Other instruments 1000.00 TOTAL 36000.00 Postage, telephone,

stationery, transportation etc

3000.00

Grand Total :- 39000.00

Production Cost (Monthly)

1 Raw Material 16000.00

2 Power fuel charge 600.00

3 Packing 150.00

4 Repairs and maintenance

250.00

5 Unskilled workers 2100.00

6 House Rent 500.00

7 Others 300.00

Total : - 19900.00

Total Production (Monthly)

1. Papad 300 Kg X Rs. 137/Kg

41100.00

Cost Benefit Ratio (Monthly)

Monthly Selling income

41100.00

Production Cost 19900.00

------------

Total monthly income will be Rs. 21200.00

21200.00



Table no.42. : Details of activities connected with vegetative cover in watershed works: Makhiyala SR

. No.

Name of village

Name of structure/

work


Target

(i) Ridg

e area (R)

(ii) Drainag

e line

(iii) Lan

d dev. (L)

(i) Privat

e

(ii) Communit

y

(iii) Others

(pl. specify

)

(i) UG Area (ha/ Rmt)

No. of

plants

Estimated cost


completion (mm/ yyyy)

1 Makhiyala

Pasture development

L Community WC/UG 3 Ha - 5.00

2 Horticulture Plantation L Communit

y WC/UG - - 5.00

Total 10.00



Table no.42.1: Details of activities connected with vegetative cover in watershed works: Kerala SR. No.

Name of

village

Name of structure/ work

Type of treatment Type of land Executing

agency

Target

(i) Ridge area (R)

(ii) Drainage

line

(iii) Land dev. (L)

(i) Private

(ii) Community

(iii) Others

(pl. specify)

(i) UG Area (ha/

Rmt.)

No. of

plants

Estimated cost


completion (mm/ yyyy)

1 Kerala Pasture

Development

L Community WC/UG 3 Ha - 3.35

Total 3.35



Table no.42.2: Details of activities connected with vegetative cover in watershed works: Majevadi

SR. No.

Name of village

Name of structure/

work


Target

(i) Ridge area (R)

(ii) Drainage line

(iii) Land dev. (L)

(i) Private

(ii) Community

(iii) Others

(pl. specify)

(i) UG Area (ha/

Rmt.)

No. of

plants

Estimated cost


completion (mm/

yyyy) 1

Majevadi

Pasture development

L C 10 Ha. 13.95

2 Horticulture Plantation L p - 3.00

Total 17.50



Table no. 43 Details of activities in the CPRs in the project areas. Table no. 43.1 Details of activities in the CPRs in the project areas.

Sr. No.

Name (s) of the Villages

CPR particulars Activity Proposed Target Target area under the

activity (ha.)

Estimated expenditure (Rs.)

Expected no. of beneficiaries

1 Makhiyala

Pasture development - 3 ha 5.00 Community 2 Horticulture Plantation 240 - 5.00 Community

Table no. 43.2 Details of activities in the CPRs in the project areas. Sr. No.

Name (s) of the Villages

CPR particulars Activity Proposed Target Target area under the

activity (ha.)



1 Kerala Pasture Development - 3 ha 3.35 Community



Table no. 43.3 Details of activities in the CPRs in the project areas.

Sr. No. Name (s) of the Villages

CPR particulars Activity Proposed Target Target area under the activity (ha.)



1 Majevadi Pasture development - 5 ha 13.95 Community 2 Horticulture Plantation 329 - 3.00 Community



Table 44: Technical Details of Afforestation Activities Particulars Value Unit Crop Name

Peltoforum spc.

Plant To Plant Spacing 8.00

mt Row to Row Spacing

8.00

mt Pit Length

1.00

mt Pit Width

1.00

mt Pit Depth

1.00

mt No. of Plants

156

Nos. Plantation Area

1.00

Ha. No. of Plants for (1 ha )

156

Nos. Gap Filling

20

% Table 44.1: Cost Estimation for afforestation activity

S. No.

Description

No.

Lengt h(m.

)

Width (m.)

Depth (m.)

Unit

Quantit

y

Rate

Amount 1

Digging of pits for plants in Ordinary murum

156

1

1

1

Cum

156.00

50

7800 2

Plants saplings for plantation in Govt. pasture area, sapling not less than 30 cm. height

156

Nos.

156.00

10

1560

3

Transportation of plants from nursery to camp site

156

Nos.

156.00

1

156 4

Loading and unloading of plants

156

Nos.

156.00

1

156 5

Rehandling of plants from camp site to actual planting site upto 20Omt.

156

Nos.

156.00

1

156

6

Cost of fertiliser & insecticides incl. application

156

Nos.

156.00

10

1560 7

Weeding and Hoeing two times (Twice in year]

156

Nos.

156.00

2

312

Total

11700



MICRO ENTERPRISE -1

S. No

VERMI COMPOSTING Vermi composting is an eco-friendly technology. Application of vermin-culture technology in the recycling of Sericultural

waste and other wastes has a tremendous potential. It is estimated that, by recycling (3) times in a year the farmer may get

approximately 15 tones of vermin compost manure.

Vermi composing is a technology of using earthworms as versatile natural bio-reactor for rapid conversion of any organic

wastes under value added manure. The earthworms feed on the wastes of organics origin, which is rich in NPK, micro nutrients,

enzymes and vitamins suitable for crop growth besides number of useful micro organisms.

Particulars

Quantity

Rate

Amount (Rs.) 1 Super Structure construction with truss with fencing 128750 2 Shade net for covering the roof

750 sqrt

25

18750 3 Binding wire for tying

200 Kg

50

10000

4 Labour charges for erection of sheds

100

100

10000 5 Shovels, spades, crowbars, iron baskets etc

15000 6 Weighing scale (100 kg capacity)

1

2500

2500 7 Cow dung @ 80kg/m3

96 qtl

250

24000

8 Worms

200 kg

70

14000 9 Formation of vermin bed with agro-waste, cow dung and worms

50000 10 Miscellaneous

-

-

3000 11 Training 5000

Total cost

-

-

Rs. 281000



Returns from vermicomposting (BENEFITS)

1. Sale of vermin compost of 120 tones @ Rs.3000/- per ton

120 X 3000 = 360,000 Rs 2. Sale of worms @ 5 kg per ton of compost and Rs. 50 per kg

600 X 50 = 30,000 Rs 3.Total

3,90,000 Rs/- Net benefit

1,09,000 Rs/-

Technical Support/Assistance: To ensure proper technical support for Vermicomposting and smooth functioning of activities the required technical

assistance may be taken from Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK's), Dept. of Agriculture, Junagadh.

Advantages:

The importance of a vermicomposting can be well understood. The vermicomposting will provide much needed relief and

self-reliance to poor in the village especially on agriculture depended farmers. Specifically, the advantages are:-

> It will reduce migration during summer season. > Farmers can purchase and sale of vermicompost at village level, thus doing away with costs incurred by them to carry out these transactions at the city market. > It can reduce in overall market prices of fertilizers during the lean season. > Reduced distress of soil due to chemical fertilizers. > Impoves the physical and chemical health of the soil. > Improves fertility of soil and thereby increases the crop production. > Higher incomes per capita. > Increase employment opportunities at the village level associated with the sale and purchase vermicompost.



PRODUCTION SYSTEM - 1 PAPAD MAKING UNIT

For women to become a successful enterpreneur, she needs access to capital, technical and managerial know-how and market. The

essence to empower rural women lies in catalyzing appropriate economic activies at the grass root level and creating new opportunities for

them to earrn higher income in order ton improve their standard of living. This objective could be accomplished by establishing that are

based on the locally available resources and preferably indigenous knowledge. SHG, each with 10-15 members, will be motivated and

training will be provided for each micro enterprise activity which will improve the quality of their own lives as well as the lives of those

around them.

Introduction

Papad is delicious & tasteful Snack. It is consumed at hotels, malls, restaurants, homes, shops etc.Papad is a traditional item consumed in

all functions. Traditionally this activity this activity was confined to household papad making but in view of increasing demand and availability

of machinery it has now been development in cottage and small scale sector.

Manufacturing Process Generally weighed quantity of floor is taken in a mixer. Ingredients required for Papad making are Black gram, oil, sodium carbonate,

flour of Arhar dal. A solution of common salt and carbonates is added in requisite quantity of water and the contents are kneaded at maximum

speed to get a homogenous lump of the dough. After resting the dough for 30 minutes, it is divided into balls. These are pressed into circular

discs. Corn starch can be used as dusting material to prevent stickiness. The papads are usually dried. After drying, it is packed in various size

packing. Lot of 25 or 50 papads is then packed in polythene bags. Papad can be manufactured from different varieties of pulses or there could

be a combination of pulses as well.



Market Field survey findings indicated that papad industry has good potential in cities like Junagadh, Bhavnagar and Rajkot. There is a

good demand for papads because it is a food product and commonly consumed commodity in all households and hotels. Women

entrepreneurs can gainfully take up this papad unit in their houses but proper packing and distribution network is necessary to sell in

bulk quantities.

A) Land/Infrastructure :

Production Capacity

Monthly approximately 300 kg papad can be produced. Static Capital Investments:

A person can start his activity in his own/ rented house by using Approx. 150 Sq. Ft. carpet area.

Sr. No. Particular Price (Rs.) B) Machinery and Equipments 1 Mixing and rolling machine 24000.00 2 Weighing machine 3000.00 3 Packing machine 2000.00 4 Set for papad making 1000.00 5 Furniture 5000.00 6 Other instruments 1000.00 TOTAL 36000.00

C) Postage, telephone, stationery, transportation etc

3000.00

Grand Total :- 39000.00



D) Production Cost (Monthly) 1 Raw Material 16000.00 2 Power fuel charge 600.00 3 Packing 150.00 4 Repairs and maintenance 250.00 5 Unskilled workers 2100.00 6 House Rent 500.00 7 Others 300.00

Total : - 19900.00 Total Production (Monthly) 1. Papad 300 Kg X Rs. 137/Kg 41100.00 Cost Benefit Ratio (Monthly) Monthly Selling income 41100.00 Production Cost 19900.00 ------------ Total monthly income will be Rs. 21200.00 21200.00 The unit can be taken up by landless, small farmer and land with limited farm labour, thus making it most suitable

to the project villages, and the scheme will be taken up in such a manner that there should be no marketing problem,

as they will be consumed directly by the near by villages or cities. Training will be provided to the beneficiaries and

the content is shown below.



Training Content

A. Theoretical

• Introduction to different types of papads.

• Tools and Equipments used in papad making

• The processes involved in papads making.

• Dough making - variations in shapes, size, and flavour.

• The hygiene aspects associated with food products..

• Addresses of the suppliers of raw materials, & packaging materials.

• Development of Market.

B. Practical

• Introduction to the machinery and equipments used.

• Raw materials for papad making – the quality and variety.

• Dough making and the value addition in the form of flavours.

• Bringing about variations in shapes and sizes.

• Papad & Chips making – Practical

• Drying and Preservation

• Cost considerations and waste reduction.

• Deciding Pricing • Packaging



PRODUCTION SYSTEM –2

MASALA UNIT INTRODUCTION:

We are taking up the Masala unit in cluster village after discussion with villagers (men & women) through PRA’s and

FGD’s. The demand of this unit is rising in the rural areas and almost in all over district and state.Thus we offer a wide range of

Masala Products. Today, we see the wide uses of different kinds of Masala products in each and every households, restaurants,

hotels, wedding party, different kinds of catering service unit etc. It is available in all types of packing size like 25 gm, 50 gm, 100

gm, 200gm, 400gm, 500gm and more. There is a good demand for Masala unit in every villages and cities.It is sold at whole sale and

retail shops.So the production of Masala unit get good market and better profit.

PRODUCTION LIST OF DIFFERENT KINDS OF MASALA: 1. Sambhar Masala 9. Amchur Masala

2. Vada Masala 10. Dal Masala 3. Pakoda Masala 11. Pani Puri Masala 4. Phudina Masala 12. Curry Masala

5. Tea Masala 13. Garam Masala 6. Pav bhaji Masala 14. Jal –Jeera Masala

7. Chana Masala 15. Kitchen King Masala 8. .Chat Masala 16. Biriyani Pulav Masala



AGRICULTURAL IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMME Our understanding is that without addressing the crucial area of end-use regulation, no amount of rainwater harvesting is going

to work. For this the most important requirement is the working out of a sustainable package of practices for dryland agriculture. This

is moreover an alternative to the Green Revolution, which largely bypassed the drylands or is completely inappropriate for them. It is

believed that the economy must be viewed as a sub-system of the larger eco-system, which comprises not merely human beings but

also natural resources and non-human species.

The watershed village area has seen penetration of Green Revolution (GR) inputs in agriculture, which is the main occupation

of the people. Groundnut that was the main crop of the area is becoming completely unviable because of high pesticide costs. Despite

excessive use of pesticides, pestilence remains an intractable problem. The inputs available to them are often sub-quality. For

example, local dealers dispose of expired pesticides to illiterate farmers. Farmers are in general suffering because of high input costs.

However, their problem is that they perceive no alternative to the GR package. What is worse, the catchment areas have suffered

severe denudation of forest cover in recent years. This has raised the rate of soil erosion and surface runoff. Biodiversity has also

been adversely affected. There is a fodder and fuel crisis in the area. Within this context, our attempt (see Figure below) is to forge

several new links within the elements of the natural resource base of the area (climate, rainfed agriculture, wastelands, forests, and

crop residues, animal and human wastes and decentralized energy sources). With soil and water conservation technologies, surface

runoff is minimised which improves the level of soil moisture. Loss of essential soil nutrients is also reduced and harvested runoff is

recycled to agricultural land through water harvesting structures. The utilisation of soil moisture through vegetative systems

strengthens the flows of fodder, firewood. Non-woody biomass from the regenerated forests and commons, as well as part of the crop



residues, is returned to the soil through microbial decomposition. Revegetation of the commons also provides material for direct

incorporation into soil as green manure.

These are the major components in the agricultural programme to be carried out in the Programme:

• Seed distribution • Seed multiplication • Trials and Demonstrations • Screening of new varieties • Popularisation of a package of agricultural practices • Floriculture • Horticultural plantation • Non Pesticide Management • Vermicomposting • Phoenix/datepalm plantation along the stream banks on farm bunds • Jatropha plantation along fencing and on wastelands • Afforestation



Our effort has been to introduce a complete alternative to hybrid seeds and the Green Revolution package and practices as listed

above. As a trial of the recommended practice of intercropping of different crops, farmers of the project area were chosen for Front

Line Demonstrations (FLDs). These demonstrations attempt to make certain type of crop varieties popular again by showing the

possibility of intercropping with a cash crop. The model, thus, attempts to show the households the possibility of getting some extra

cash income while ensuring food security. In collaboration with ICRISAT, Hyderabad, Junagarh Agricultural University, KVK-

Kodinar, Junagadh, we will carry out trials of composite varieties of different crops as trail or demonstration plot. Seeds of varieties

identified as suitable to the area will be disseminated to more than 100 farmers in watershed villages. Then attempt is to a

comparative assessment of some of these varieties based on a detailed feedback obtained from the farmers of the area. This feedback

will be then provided to scientists who devised these seeds.

Training and Exposure visits

A large group of people, consisting mainly of women dairy farmers who will take loans for purchase of cattle, will visit the

successful dairy cooperatives under the Amul Dairy, Dudhsagar dairy and Banas dairy. These cooperatives were chosen mainly for

the reason that many of the successful dairy farmers in these areas are small farmers belonging to various communities. These dairies

had also built up their business on the hard work of women farmers who had taken loans from the SHGs run by the cooperative union

to buy cattle. The interaction will be helpful as dairy co-operative members in other district will make them to understand how those

women, with a similar background, had been able to build up a good livelihood option revolving around the dairy.



Training addressing the issue of infertility in animals will be provided to beneficiary group. Three day training cum exposure

visit will be organized for the team and some farmers to the BAIF organization. The visit will provide a first hand view of the options

open to dryland farmers to ensure the availability of good quality fodder. The farmers who had adopted such practices demonstrated

how it could help in cutting down the cost of feed concentrates.

One day training on azolla cultivation, as a means of providing high protein feed to livestock, will be organized by KVK.

Scientist from the KVK will demonstrate the simple method by which azolla could be grown in the backyard of farmers.

Demonstration pits are expected to set up in the demonstration plot of farmers.

Livelihood Intervention Promotion of micro-enterprises and various income generation activities is an important aspect of empowerment. Although

it is extremely difficult to find remunerative self employment, there are enormous untapped opportunities in the rural sector. These

include both on-farm and off-farm opportunities. Typically families living below poverty line, SC, ST and landless in a cluster of

villages are motivated to take part in holistic development through livelihood opportunities through multidisciplinary interventions.

Advantages of Agro-Based Activities:

While promoting various income generation activities, agro-based activities have advantages because of the following reasons:

1. Target groups are acquainted with most of the basic skills.

2. Easy access to inputs.

3. No problems of marketing, as most of the outputs are locally consumed as food.

4. As over 50-60 % of the rural families own land and livestock, income generation activities can be initiated immediately without

heavy capital investment.



5. Risk of failure due to improper technology, poor quality, low demand and poor price recovery are very low. Hence, the chances of

success are high.

6. Infrastructure required for promotion of on-farm activities has been very well established. Hence, the entrepreneurs can progress

even in backward regions,Which are deprived of regular power supply and electronic information connectivity. It is therefore

advantageous to tap all the opportunities to promote various on-farm activities. The experience has confirmed that the best strategy to

promote income generation activities through SHGs is to analyze the on-going agro-based activities undertaken by the members and

introduce suitable interventions to enhance the production. There are also excellent opportunities to improve post production

management of the produce through grading, storage, processing and marketing.

Various micro-enterprises activities through UG and Self Help Groups will be promoted. The list of micro-enterprises taken up

by various SHGs is presented below. Among these activities, agriculture followed by animal husbandry, Khadi making units and

food processing. However, over a period of time, agriculture, animal husbandry and food processing supercede the trade as many

individuals participate in enhancing their production at the family level and try to organize themselves to market them collectively.

Other activities such as production of utility items, construction related activities, handicrafts and Moti work find it difficult to

sustain due to poor marketing infrastructure, lack market and competition from other sources.

Support Needed for Promotion of Micro-enterprises

Following support is needed to promote micro-enterprises through women SHGs.

1. Motivation of the target communities, particularly women and landless farmers

2. Formation of Self Help Groups and their Federations



3. Gender sensitization

4. Training and capacity building

5. Micro-finance. Provision of credit facilities and linkage with banks

6. Development of infrastructure, particularly through the SHG Federations to provide necessary support services and marketing

7. Trade networking and establishment of market outlets

8. Village level Information Centre: The multi-disciplinary team interacted with the SHGs and User groups to explore the potentials

for development of various enterprises and extend necessary support for dissemination of technologies, procurement of inputs, and

training of members and establishment of linkage with the market. There should be some agency to provide guidance to the

entrepreneurs as and when needed.

The selected production activities for the watershed villages follow the above-mentioned process, and are selected in such a way that

they should be:

• economically viable

• environmentally sustainable

• socially equitable

• energy efficient

• employment generation

• For any policy or resolution to be passed

• Enhanced control due to



Floriculture

Floriculture industry a lucrative business comprising traditional flowers , cut flowers, pot plants, dry floral crafts and

planting materials, besides valueadded products like bouquets, garlands, floral baskets, floral concretes, pot-pourii and oils. It has

proved to be a highly profitable agro-business generating maximum returns per unit area. Flowers like Rose, Marigold, and ------ can

be profitably cultivated. Rose and marigold fetch very high prices in the local market and many farmers in their homestead gardens.

This can be a good alternative and economic crop for the small stakeholders. The per unit returns from marigold and rose is expected

to be very high.

4.4 Capacity building and Institutional collaboration Watershed management and development requires the collaboration of a wide range of farmers’ organizations as well as

extension and research institutions at various levels. This gives implementers access a wider technical resource base, creates better

information flows and encourages mutual learning. Watersheds serve as a confluence between lands and communities, providing

ample opportunities for members to share complementary expertise. A watershed contains producers (farmers), possibly actors that

add value to produce, traders and consumers information, and education institutions to test their joint efforts to make a difference.

Watersheds can be also a good ground for learning and demonstration of expertise.



Scope of capacity building at Project Villages

• Income Generation Activities

o Stiching

o Food Processing

o Post Harvest management practices Fodder development and Management

• Crop Information

• Meteorological Information

• Alternative Land Use Plan

• Improved and Scientific agriculture practices

• Scientific planning of Soil and Moisture conservation

• Information dissemination on Audio/Video

• Dairy Development and Management



Table no. 44: Institutes Identified for Capacity Building

S.No

Organisation

Training Modules 1

Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Junagadh Better farming practices

2

Junagadh Agricultural University soil conservation

3 AKRSP Participatory methods in planning and implementation of watershed projects

4 Anarde Foundation Community Based Activities,

5 BISAG, Gandhinagar GIS in planning

6 BAIF Microenterprise Planning

7 TCS RD Mithapur Implementation ans Monitiring of Watershed Projects

8 IRMA Sustanable Livelihoods Goverance,Natural Resource Managament

Early and ongoing stakeholder collaboration and communication in capacity building is also important from

the point viewpoint of “leveling the playing field” in anticipation of disputes that may arise. Filling strategic

skills/capacity gaps supports Integrated Water resources Management, facilitates dispute resolution, and builds

practical understanding of the scope of sustainable natural resource development challenges and opportunities



Table no. 45: Capacity Building plan

S. No. Village Project Stakeholders

Total no. of persons

No. of persons to be trained

No. of training programmes Estimated cost(lakh)

1 Makhiyala

PIA 2 2 3 WDTs 6 6 5-6 UGs 50 40 4-5

SHGs 100 80 4-5 WCs 10 10 4-5 GPs 10 5 1-2

Total Table no. 45.1: Capacity Building plan





2 Kerala

PIA 2 2 3 WDTs 6 6 5-6 UGs 30 21 4-5

SHGs 50 40 4-5 WCs 10 4 4-5 GPs 10 4 1-2

Total



Table no. 45.2: Capacity Building plan





3 Majevadi

PIA 2 2 3 WDTs 6 6 5-6 UGs 100 80 4-5

SHGs 150 120 4-5 WCs 12 10 4-5 GPs 10 5 1-2

Total Table no.46: Information, Education and Communication Activities

S. No. Activity Executing agency Estimated expenditure (Rs.) Outcome

1 Street plays Local artists 0.60

Awareness generation and making beneficiaries

accountable for sustainable development

2 Video shows IWMP-8 Junagadh 1.80

3 Wall paintings/ Focussed

Group discussion

IWMP-8 Junagadh 1.45

4 Pamphlets and posters IWMP-8 Junagadh 1.32

5 Banners and hoardings IWMP-8 Junagadh 1.28

6 Female Awarness IWMP-8 Junagadh 0.80

Total: 7.25



CHAPTER - 5

BUDGETING



Budgeting

Table no. 47: Budget at a glance Budget Component % of the Budget Rs in Lacs Net Project Cost 100 603.22 -Administrative Costs 10 60.32 -Monitoring 1 6.03 -Evaluation 1 6.03 Preparatory phase: -Entry point activities 4 24.13 -Institution and capacity building 5 30.16 -Detailed Project Report (DPR) 1 6.03 Watershed Works Phase: -Watershed Development works, 56 337.80 -Livelihood activities for the asset less persons, 10 60.32 -Production system and micro enterprises 9 54.29 Consolidation Phase 3 18.10 Total 100 603.2



Table no. 48: Village wise- component wise budget available under IWMP

Sr..no Village Activity EPA Institution

and CB DPR Watershed

development Work

Livelihood for asset

less

Production system and

Micro enterprises

Consolidation Total

1 Majevadi 10.78 13.48 2.70 150.97 26.96 24.26 8.09 237.24 2 Makhiyala 6.58 8.23 1.65 92.16 16.46 14.81 4.94 144.82

3 Kerala 3.35 4.19 0.84 46.93 8.38 7.54 2.51 73.74

Total 20.72 25.90 5.18 290.06 51.80 46.62 15.54 455.80

Table no. 49: Village wise gap in funds requirement

Sr.No. Village Total cost requirement

Total funds available under

IWMP

Gap in funds requirement

1 Majevadi 271.59 269.592 2.00 2 Makhiyala 166.57 164.568 2.00 3 Kerala 84.80 83.796 1.00



CHAPTER - 6

EXPECTED OUTCOMES



6.1 Expected Outcomes

6.1.1 Employment This programme also aims simultaneously to improve the living conditions of the abuttant user communities. Employment

opportunities will be created to the people living in the watershed through different soil and water conservation activities and

livelihood activities. Self employment would be created by providing the people with cash support in the form of direct livelihood

activities like agriculture, animal husbandry and enterprise development.

Table no. 51: Employment in Project area

1 2 3 4

S. No.

Names of the

villages

Wage employment Self employment No. of mandays No. of beneficiaries No. of beneficiaries

SC ST Others Women

Total SC ST Others

Women Total SC ST Others

Women

Total

1 2 3

Makhiyala Kerala Majevadi

2500 1320 5650

0 0 0

100000 89600 216000

48600 52600 88000

152300 210000 311012

160 141 510

0 0 0

960 550 1200

563 460 630

1742 1216 2413

80 95 225

0 0 0

325 410 500

210 180 400

618 727 117



6.1.2 Migration

WSD can open up new opportunities for households to both intensify and extensify production, for example through:

• Increasing the frequency of cultivation – new water harvesting structures often permits cultivation of a second crop, or ‘life-

saving’ irrigation of a main crop.

• Adopting new technologies, such as improved varieties of staple crops, higher levels of input use and higher yields; shifts to the

cultivation of higher value crops in the project areas expected.

• Expansion of cultivated areas – soil and water conservation interventions can bring new land into production.

All of the above tend to generate increased demands for labour. These may be provided initially from farm family sources and

subsequently by hired labour.

Employment opportunities in the local area as mentioned above will ensure lessening seasonal migration from the area.



Table no. 52: Details of seasonal migration from Project area :

Table no. 53: Details of average ground water table depth in the project areas (in meters):

Sr. No.

Name of the village No. of persons migrating No. of days per year of migration

Pre-project Expected post project

Pre-project Expected post project

1 Kerala 34 17 >150 Up to 3 month

2 Majevadi 199 98 >150 Up to 3 month

3 Makhiyala 112 57 >150 Up to 3 month

Sr. No.

Name of the village

Sources Pre-Project level

Expected Increase/Decrease (post project)

1 Makhiyala Well &

Bore well

12 3 mtrs increase

2 Kerala 09 3 mtrs increase

3 Majevadi 08 2 mtrs increase



6.1.3: Drinking water

Drinking water is available in all the villages through household pipeline connection which are linked through the bore well and

openwell with power operated machines.WASMO has constucted a water tank to provide water facility in three villages of IWMP-8.As a

result of the watershed activities, it is expected that the quality and quantity of drinking water would improve and will be available to

villagers from well constructed downstream of checkdams.

Table no. 54: Status of Drinking water:

Village Name

Avalibility of drinking water

(no. of months in a year) Quality of drinking water Comments

Pre-Project Expected Post Project

Pre-Project Expected Post Project

Makhiyala

Kerala Majevadi

Drinking water supply from open

well, borewell,pipe connection &

WASMO

Water available from Check dams and wells above it.

Potable Potable



6.1.4: Crops:

Agriculture primarily depends upon water.The surface water is scanty due to low rainfall and lower level of which is not

suitable for crop production.all this can change with the integreted land and water management during the watershed

development project.The planned farm bunds would help in increases of groundwater level and preserve some moisture in the

soil. This will help in additional are coming under cultivation and increasing productivity too. The farmers can take more than

one season of crops. Different varieties of crops can be taken.

6.1.5 Horticulture

Table no. 55 : Area under horticulture

S.No.

Name of Village

Existing area under horticulture (Ha)

Area under horticulture proposed to be covered through IWMP(Ha)

1

Makhiyala 4

9 2 Kerala 2 7

3 Majevadi 9 14



Table no. 56 Crop area and yield in the project area

Sr. No. Name of village Name of crops

Pre-project Expected Post-project

Area (ha) Average Yield (Qtl) per ha. Area

(ha) Average Yield per ha

(qtl)

1

Makhiyala

Kharif Groundnut 3.52 8500 4.25 10000

Rabi Wheat 1.20 8500 1.50 10500 Zaid

- - - - Village total 4.72 17000 5.75 20500

2

Kerala

Kharif Groundnut 188.08 298430 200 317000

Rabi Wheat 134.00 138080 150 154500 Zaid

- - - - Village total 322.08 436510 350 471500

3

Majevadi

Kharif Groundnut 613.48 1369875 650 1450800

Rabi Wheat 333.20 483200 350 507500 Zaid

- - - - Village total 946.68 1853075 1000 1958300



6.1.6 Vegetative cover

There is negligible area under tree cover. The cluster consists of only Juliflora Prosopis, Neem, Nilgiri and other forest trees. Trees like Neem and Gunda are seen on few farm boundaries. It is planned that 25 ha land to be covered under new plantation in both villages. Table no. 57: Forest/vegetative cover

S.No.

Name of Village

Existing area under tree cover (h )

Area under tree cover d

1

Makhiyala 3 10 2 Kerala 3 4 3 Majevadi 10 29

6.1.7 Livestock

The village has quite a good of livestock population. These include cows, bullocks, buffaloes, goats, and sheep. The

interventions like provision of good quality cows and buffaloes. The establishment of Dairy & Milk products in the village. It is

expected that the post project period would see a substantial increase in livestock population and yield from them.

Table no. 58 : Details of livestock in the project areas (for fluids please mention in litres, solids in kg and income in Rs.) S.No.

Name of Village

Type of Animal

Pre-Project

Expected Post-project

Remarks

No.

Yield

Income

No.

Yield

Income

1 2 3

Makhiyala Kerala Majevadi

Milch-animals

Cow (per animal/day)

467 6.50 150 488 9 250 Buffalo(per

1170 10 300 1400 14 500 Goat(Meat:Rs/kg)

359 450 700 500 650 1000 Sheep(Meat:Rs/kg)

201 98 658 285 128 965



6.1.8: Linkages

The direct livelihood activities need good forward and backward support. Without such support system the activities may fail to deliver

the desired results. These linkages would involve credit, machinery, input supply, marketing, etc.

Table no. 59 : Backward-Forward linkages Project

Type of Marketing Facility

Pre-

During the project (no.)

Post-project (no.) Makhiyala

Kerala Majevadi

Backward linkages

Seed certification

Seed supply system

1

1 Fertilizer supply system

Pesticide supply system

l Credit institutions

-

Bank-1

Bank-1 Water supply

SSNL

Well

Well

Extension services

KVK

KVK Nurseries

Tools/machinery suppliers

-

Price Support system

Labour

Any other (please specify)

Forward linkages

Harvesting/threshing machinery

Storage (including cold storage)

Transport facilities

Markets / Mandis

Collective marketing system

Collective marketing system Agro and other Industries

Papad processing/packaging-5

5 Milk and other collection centres

9

Milk collection centre-9

11 Labour

Any other (please specify)

Vermi-compost unit-1

6



6.2 Logical Framework Analysis Narrative Summary Indicators Source of verification Assumptions

Goal:

Sustainable Development and

conservation of natural resources with

the help of Peoples Participation

Increased Agricultural Production

and overall development

Increase in contribution of

agricultural income to the

household income

Objective 1

Increase soil moisture content

1.1 Less Uncertainty in

Agricultural Production

1.2 Farmers take two

crops in a year

1.1 Discussion with

Villagers/Farmers

1.2 Soil testing

1.3 Physical verification

Repair and Maintenance

and taking care of

conservation structures

Output

Soil moisture content will increase

1.1 Clear growth of vegetation

cover

1.2 Certainty in Khariff ,Rabi crop

Discussion with

Villagers/Farmers

Time to time take care of

structures

Activities 1.1 550 Ha

1.2 225 Ha


1.2 Records in asset

1.1 Money spent on right

time



1.1 Farm bunding

1-2 Crop rotation

1-3 Mulching

1.3 315 register

1.3 Interferences from

GIS maps at different

times

1.4 Measurement Book

1.2 Proper scientific

methods used

1-3 Workers are ready

1.4 Fields are free from

crops

Objective 2

Increase irrigation potential

2.1 Increased irrigated area

2.2 Increase in Land value

2.3 More uncultivable lands to be

brought under agriculture and new

plantations

2.1 Revenue records

2.2 Patwari map

2.3 Maps from GIS

2.1 Judicious use of water

2.2 Accessibility to

common and forest lands

increased with removal of

encroachments and

resolution of conflicts.

Output

Increased irrigation water

2.1 Increased water table in wells

2.2 Increase in flow period of

streams



register


2.2 Structures full to its

capacity

2.3 Good amount of

rainfall received




times

2.4 Promotion of better

Irrigation practices like

drip irrigation

Activities

2.1 Earthen dams

2.2 Percolation tank

2.3 Village ponds

2.4 Check dams

2-1 Nos.

2-2 Nos

2-3 Nos



register



times

2.1 Good amount of

rainfall

2.1 Size according to

catchment and storage

volume calculation

2.3 No seepage from

structure

Objective 3

To improve Soil Quality

3.1 Agriculture based livelihood

income generation activities

3.2 Promotion of organic farming

practices


3.1 Availability of

waste/mulching material



Output

Quality of Soil improved

3.1 Agriculture production will

Increase

3.2 Plantation of fruits and forest

species


3.2 Market Survey

3.3 Soil testing

3.1 Composting material

used and refilled

according to farm

requirement

3.2 Use it in right time

Activities

3.1 Composting

3.2 Application of Farm yard manure

3.3 Use of FYM enriched with Route

Phosphate and Bio-Fertilizers

3.1 Nos.

3.2

3.3

Physical verification

3.1 People ready for

voluntary contribution for

Biogas Structure

3.2 Available of cow

dung at right time

3.3 Proper maintenance of

structures



Objective 4

To increase fodder availability

4.1 Increase in the proportion of

households having more security

of fodder

4.2 Reduction in drudgery of

fodder

collection especially women

4.1 Survey(Pre and

Post)

4.1 Quality of

management of common

property resources

4.2 Proper distribution of

seedling and take care.

4.1 Health of live stock improved

4.2 Expected increase in cattle

population

4.3 promotion of dairy

development among communities

Out put

Increased fodder availability

4.1 Expenditure on

seedling from

register

4.2 List of

beneficiaries from

the register

4.1 Proper seedling

4.2 Proper care and

maintenance

4.2 On farm bunds selected local

Activities

4.1 Pasture land and grassland will be

developed.

4.1 Rs. Spent on fodder

4.2 Verification on farmbunds

4.1 WC's Reports

4.2 Expenditure

Register

4.1 Peoples participating

4.2 Proper variety

Selection



species and fodder crops 4.3 Resolution in

WC's 4.4 Physical

verification

4.3 Social fencing

Objective 5

5.1 People's participation/women's

socio-political and economic

empowerment in watershed for

income generation activities

5.1 Women participation

enhanced in decision-making of

GVCs.

Project to be

implemented and

managed in a democratic

and participatory way

ensuring equity.

5.1 Maintenance of assets and

records by the villagers

themselves.

Output

5.1 Community Mobilised

5.2 Community Trained

5.3 Better standard of living

5.1 Frequent

meetings

5.2 Training register

5.3 Increased

participation

5.1 Proper training

provided

5.2 No biasness in

villages

5.1 Formation and strengthening of

village institutions like women's SHG

groups/WC/UGs and WCs through

Activities

5.1 Increased awareness amongst

women about village resources.

5.2 Women participation

5.1 Farmable socio-

cultural conditions at

the village

5.1 No influence of any

external agency

5.2 Smooth flow of



awareness programmes

5.2 Formation of fodder banks to

increase fodder security and promote

dung development

5.3 Capapcity building of SHG

leaders and accounts members

/farmers/UGs/WCs through

workshop/meetings

5.4 Income generation activities.

5.5 Awareness campaign

enhanced in decision-making of

GVCs.

5.3 Farmers adopt organic farming

practices

5.4 Increased household income

5.5 Improved access to credit to

livelihood purposes.

5.6 Gender sensitization of UGs

and WCs to increase inclusiveness

of group decision making.

5.2 Checking registers

of SHGs

5.3 Checking passbook

of groups


of income generation

activities

5.5

Posters/banners/meeting

register

funds

5.3 Access to appropriate

technology

5.4 People's Participation

and

positive perception

towards the programme



CHAPTER - 7 QUALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES



Quality and Sustainability Issues

7.1 Plans for Monitoring and Evaluation

A Web-based GIS System is being developed for monitoring and evaluating the project in its planning & implementation phases. The system would be available on a public domain and can be accessed by all the stakeholders of the project. The system shows the entire state of Gujarat and all of those areas selected over the next 18 years. Filtering allows the user to zoom onto one particular project. Details related to soil type, Land-use classification, inhabitation etc., can be obtained village-wise. Furthermore, survey-number wise details related to ownership, irrigation source, yield etc., can also be accessed by the users of the system. This system is being used for pooling up the details obtained from the DPR. In other words, the DPR is made available online in the form of a database which will help the stakeholders know areas of importance viz., already treated areas/historical works in the area, proposed areas for treatment etc., for further treatment and planning. The system would also show the satellite imageries of various years from the project inception stage to the project closing stages. This allows the user to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment and thereby plan corrective measures for the project area. The system would serve as an aiding tool to the planners and evaluators for judging the efficacy of the project.

Yet another component of the Web-based GIS system is the Mobile based Monitoring & Evaluation System, which will help the ground

staff alias WDTs (Watershed Development Team) to transmit information from the ground level to the central server. Also, any higher-up

official in charge of the project can obtain information regarding the project area on their mobile phone by means of an SMS. The system

works in the following manner. The WDT equipped with a GPS instrument marks the latitude-longitude information of various treatment

areas during the DPR. The probable sites are then transferred onto the central server. During the works phase, any progress in the treatment

area is reported to the server by means of an SMS by the WDT. Similarly, any nodal officer or higher-up official can view the progress in a

project by means of summarized reports generated over frequent periods of time.



7.1.1Vigilance and Monitoring Committees

1. For every work sanctioned under the Scheme, there should be a local vigilance and monitoring committee, composed of members

of the locality or village where the work is undertaken, to monitor the progress and quality of work while it is in progress. The Gram

Sabha will elect the members of this committee and ensure that SC/STs and women are represented on it.

2. The Implementing Agency should apprise this committee of estimates regarding the work, time frame and quality parameters. The

final report of the committee should be attached along with the Completion Certificate of the work, and should also be placed at the

next meeting of the Gram Sabha in the Panchayat where work has been executed.

3. Local beneficiary committees may also be constituted for effective articulation of their entitlements and their access to them. The

PIA members will be responsible for ensuring that local monitoring committees/beneficiary committees are constituted.

7.1.2 Research support in watershed management Watershed management requires the support of research. Watershed projects will be used as on-farm sites for research designed and

implemented with significant involvement of farmers and extension workers to produce site-specific technological solutions. This

leads to problems in adoption and up-scaling of research findings within specific watersheds. There is also the question of up-scaling

technologies and approaches beyond a designated watershed. At the same time, researchers will be able to relate research activities to

the real problems facing farmers or to capture the locally developed or modified technologies. Yet there is a need to give

technologies appropriate technical and scientific definition and to disseminate them widely.



7.1.3 Farmer organization and empowerment The management of natural resources requires strong and effective farmer organizations. Such organizations empower farmers

and create a good foundation for the transfer, adoption and use of information on new technologies. They also help in negotiating for

inputs at favorable prices.

Strong farmers’ organizations can be a conduct for services that meet felt needs. These needs include information to improve

production and marketing, credit, and demand driven approaches that ensure ownership and sustainability of interventions.

Farmers’ organization allows the use of participatory approaches that recognize local capacity and indigenous knowledge. It

incorporates the aspirations and perceptions that influence decision-making, while giving farmers an important role in planning and

implementation of watershed management activities. Such participation is important for the success, continuity and sustainability of

the resource management programmes.

Often a successful watershed knits together many aspects of the people’s lives apart from purely technical issues. Many

conservation and basic group production initiatives have widened into a social movement dealing with matters such as weddings,

funerals, care for the elderly and the disadvantaged, and other issues in the community.

The initial natural resources focus also widens into a set of integrated activities such as the improvement of houses, provision

of water and electricity, acquisition of improved tools, seeds and livestock, all in the name of watershed management.

Empowerment of farmers therefore allows farmers to demand services and to ensure the continued role of the state in

supporting watershed development.



7.1.4 Use of traditional institutions and indigenous knowledge

Experience has shown that to effectively reach the farmers and to create viable watershed management options, it is important

to respect indigenous knowledge and combine it with the formal modern science and technology. Local traditional institutions should

be part and parcel of the process. For instance, there is a lot of under-used indigenous knowledge about climate, soils, biodiversity

and other production conditions that confront farmers. A lot of research findings are abstract to extension providers and farmers alike.

Such findings need to be married with indigenous knowledge and disseminated in a language that farmers and members of traditional

institutions can understand.

7.2 Plans For Project management:

The Project management of any watershed programme is very important. It mainly depends upon the community organization

and the village level institutes. In all villages, watershed committee and various self help & user groups have been formulated for

post project operation and maintenance of assets created during project period. Major emphasis will be on equity and sustainable

benefit of the project even after implementation stage. A proper link-up will be built during project period with various institutes

and capacity building organization. They will act as a major kingpin during post implementation for scaling up the successful

experience during project.



7.3 Watershed Development Fund:

Such contributions will promote feeling of “ownership” of the programme among stakeholders. This will contribute to sustainable

outcomes in the long-term. The voluntary contributions are saved in the Watershed Development Fund (WDF) that is to be used for

repair, maintenance and use of assets created on common land. The contribution of it will comes mainly fund the following:

Table No. 60. Details of Watershed Development Fund(WDF)

Sl. No

Financial Details

Percent Contribution 1

Natural Resource Management

For General

10%

For SC/ST

5% 2

For Intensive Agriculture, Horticulture and animal Husbandry

For General

40%

For SC/ST

20%

It is planned that for SC/ST, BPL population the contribution will be taken in form of voluntary labour and the fund for labour will be diverted to the WDF.

7.4 User Charges:

Various user groups will be formed in village. These user groups will collect user charges according to the designated rules formed during the formation of user group. These funds will be transferred to the WDF funds as per these formulated rules. The secretary of watershed committee (WC) will maintain the records of all activities.

watershed development team-junagadh - …gswma.gujarat.gov.in/pfile/dpr/2010-11/junagadh/dpr iwmp-8...

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