waterplants in the tropical wetlands - south china … flora fauna and...waterplants in the tropical...
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Waterplants in the Tropical Wetlands
Chavalit VidthayanonWWF Thailand
• Introduction• Major vegetation in
wetlands• Zonations• Diversity of waterplants• Economic and ecological
value
Introduction
Kwan Payao
Chantaburi
Boung Khonglong
Bueng Borapet
Khaoyai NP
Petchaburi
Samroiyad NP.
Ranong
Thale Noi NHA
Koh Libong NHA
Tohdaeng Peat WS
Waterplant hotspots in SEA.
Type of waterplants
• Submerged• Emerged• Floating• Marginal• Flood dependent• Flood tolerance
• Streams and riparian forests
• Flooded forests• Floodplains and
marshlands• Peatlands• Sandy Beach forests• Mangroves• Seagrass beds
Tropical Wetland Vegetation Types
Habitat and Landscape Diversity
Lowland Dry forest
Marshlands
Streams
Floating mats vegetation
Lowland evergreen
Dry Dipterocarps
General Zonation
Deep and shallow marsh
Wet meadow
Open water
Shrub wetland
Forested wetland
Upland buffer
Riparian forests
Marginal zones
Submerged-emerged zones
General zonation
Kut Ting
Vegetation zones in marshland
Kut Ting
Bueng Kong Long
Vegetation profiles in different area
Streams and riparian forests
Riparian waterplants
Mekong Riparian forests
Flooded forests
Flooded forest trees
By SEARIN
Floodplains and marshlands
Marshy grasslands
Floating and emerged plants
Floating and emerged plants
Submerged plants
Submerged plants
Marginal plants
Mangroves
Mangrove zonation
Root adaptation diversity
Phenology of water plants
mangrove
seagrass
Seedling zonation
Intermediet type of habitats
Mangroves and peat forests
•Peat swamp forests
•Sandy Beach forests
The most threatened wetland habitat in tropical areas
Beach forest flora
•Seagrass beds
Identification parts of Seagrasses
Seagrass flora Up to 60 species globally
20 spp. in S/SEA.
Threats to water plant diversity
• Deforestation• Wetland claim and alteration• Invasive alien species; plants and animal
• Pollution• Climate change and drought• Overexploitation• Overfishing and grazing
Invasive Alien Water plants
•Economic and ecological value
• Food อาหาร :
• Fodder อาหารสัตว
• Ornamental and aquarium plants พรรณไมน้ําสวยงาม
• Fertilizer ปุย
• Fish habitats ถิ่นอาศัยสัตวน้ํา
• Pharmaceutical uses สมุนไพร
• Accessories, handicraft, household uses
• Timbers
Important of aquatic plants
ความสําคัญ
Economic
waterplants
Edible waterplants >50 species
Aquarium water plants Exported > 300m ฿ annually
Water plant communities as fishes and wildlife habitats
Waterplant Monitoring methods
•Direct sampling•Visual census•Participatory survey and local knowledge•Photo records•Plot sampling and mapping
Tools and database
• Herbarium• Botanical garden• Field guide• Water plant aquarium
See you next sessions