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Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann & Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical and sub-tropical wetlands in regional catchment modelling

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Page 1: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical

Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann & Tobias Vetter

Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research

Integration of tropical and sub-tropical wetlands in regional catchment modelling

Page 2: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical

OutlineIntroduction

Data and Methods The model systemData

Preliminary Results

Outlook

Page 3: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical

The Project WeTwin

“Enhancing the role of wetlands in integrated water resources management for twinned river basins in EU, Africa and South-America in support of EU Water Initiatives”

Three wetlands in Europe, five in South-America and Africa:

Page 4: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical

Location of the Study Sites

Page 5: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical

Example: Niger Delta, gauge KoulikoroAnnual flow gauge Koulikoro

0

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year

[m3

s-1]

Page 6: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical

Flow regime under monsoon conditions

Flow regime is driven by precipitation / evapotranspiration!

Discharge Niger River

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[m3

s-1]

Page 7: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical

Why is it important to consider wetland processes in hydrological modelling?

Entire change in hydrological conditions,retention of water, nutrients etc. important

Page 8: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical

OutlineIntroduction

Data and MethodsThe model systemData

Preliminary Results

Outlook

Page 9: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical

BrandenburgElbe River Basin

Land use pattern & land management

Climate: solar radiation, temperature, & precipitation

Biomass

Roots

LAI

Crop/vegetation growth

Nitrogen cycle

Phosphorus cycle

N-NO3 No-ac No-st Nres

Plab Pm-ac Pm-st

Porg Pres

Hydrological cycle

Shallow groundwater

Deepgroundwater

BCS

oil p

rofil

e

A

for application in river basins and at the regional scale

Landbedeckung Landnutzung

Klima: Strahlung, Temperatur & Niederschlag

Biomasse

Wurzeln

LAI

Pflanzen-wachsum

Stickstoffkreilauf

Phosphorkreislauf

N-NO3 No-acNo-st Nres

Plab Pm-ac Pm-st

Porg Pres

Wasserkreislauf

Flaches Grundwasser

TiefesGrundwasser

BCB

oden

prof

il

A

Landbedeckung Landnutzung

Klima: Strahlung, Temperatur & Niederschlag

Biomasse

Wurzeln

LAI

Pflanzen-wachsum

Stickstoffkreilauf

Phosphorkreislauf

N-NO3 No-acNo-st Nres

Plab Pm-ac Pm-st

Porg Pres

Wasserkreislauf

Flaches Grundwasser

TiefesGrundwasser

BCB

oden

prof

il

A

Wasserkreislauf

Flaches Grundwasser

TiefesGrundwasser

BCB

oden

prof

il

A

Das Modell SWIM (Soil and Water Integrated Model)

Page 10: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical

The wetland module - old

Page 11: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical

Nitrate concentration in river(river Nuthe)

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

01/01/199301/07/199301/01/199401/07/199401/01/199501/07/199501/01/199601/07/199601/01/199701/07/199701/01/1998

[mg/

l]

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

Differenz [m

g/l]

Page 12: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical

The old module did not consider flooding!

Page 13: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical

The new flooding process - scheme

)()()( _*__ ttsimt velflowareacsQflowflood −=

)()()()()1()( _____ tttttt PCPPERCETflowfloodactvolindactvolind +−−+= −

Page 14: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical

The new release process - scheme

[ ]

86400__ )(

)(tn

tstorage

actvolindQ α=

Page 15: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical

Idea:Inundation zones are calculated using GIS, overlay with other layers

afterwards;

New hydrotope delineation accounting for the inundation zones;

Inundation zones are flooded step by step (according to the water volume).

Page 16: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical

Data, data, data …

The quality of the DEM determines the quality of simulating the inundation zones.

Two global sources are available:• SRTM GDEM (~100 m resolution)• ASTER GDEM (~30 m resulution)

Remote sensing?

Page 17: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical

OutlineIntroduction

Data and Methods The model systemData

Preliminary Results

Outlook

Page 18: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical

First results: inundation areas

Page 19: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical

First results: impacts of flooding

Effects of flooding

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Dis

char

ge [m

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Qsim no inudationQsim inundation starts with 10m³/sQsim inundation starts with 20m³/s

Page 20: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical

Summary and ConclusionsFirst simulations not perfect but encouraging;

Much has still to be done:

• Variety of inundation zones;

• Numerical implementation of flow processes;

• Application to different real world conditions;

Important is still that the methodology should be applicable using regionally available data.

Page 21: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical

Thank you very much!

Page 22: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical
Page 23: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical
Page 24: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical

Naturräume in der Elbe

Page 25: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical

GliederungEinführung

Daten und MethodenDas ModellsystemDatengrundlage

Erste ErgebnisseModellkalibrierung und -analyseWasserhaushalt unter Szenariobedingungen

Ausblick

Page 26: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical

Kombination von Wasserdargebot und Wassermanagement

(Koch et al. 2009)(Conradt et al. 2006)

WBalMo: WassermanagementSWIM: Wasserdargebot

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ModuleMuldeSaaleBodeDroemlingWeisse ElsterElbeschlauchSchwarze ElsterHavelUntere Elbe

FeuchtgebieteBundeslaenderSeenFluesse

#Y Bilanzprofile

Page 27: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical

Änderungen im Abfluss der Boode im Szenario A1b

Periode 2011-40

Periode 2071-00

Page 28: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical

Räumliche disaggregation in SWIM

Einzugsgebiet Teileinzugs-gebiete

Hydrotope

Wasser-, N-, P-Kreisläufe, Pflan-wachstum

Flusslauf(Wasser, N, P,Sedimente)

Zusammen-Führung der lateralen Flüsse

Page 29: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical

Lokale Wasserbilanz in Potsdam:

Niederschlag in Potsdam ~600mmVerdunstung in Potsdam ~500mmDer Rest (~100 mm) fließt über die Flüsse zum Meer

Daraus folgt: eine Niederschlagsänderung von 10%des Niederschlags oder der Verdunstung entsprichtca. 50% des Abflusses.

(25mm/a Niederschlag / Verdunstung entsprechen~110m3/s Abfluss am Elbepegel Neu Darchau)

Page 30: Integration of tropical and sub- tropical wetlands in …...Stefan Liersch, Fred F. Hattermann& Tobias Vetter Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Integration of tropical

Häufigkeit (11-Jahre gleitendes Mittel) der Großwetterlagen vom Typ West-Zonal und Nord, Ost, Nordost, Südost für Dez. & Jan., 1881-2002 --------- “Westerly-zonal” (normalerweise feucht)- - - - - “North”, “East”, “Northeast”, “Southeast” (normalerweise trocken)(Bárdossy, personal communication, s. Bronstert & Kundzewicz 2007)

Häu

figke

it

Beobachtete Klimatrends in den letzten Jahrzehnten:Großwetterlagen in Europa