WASTES TRANSFER AND TRANSPORT

Facilities and appurtenances used to effect the transfer of waste from the one location to other, usually more distance, location.

A waste transfer station is a light industrial-type facility where trash collection trucks discharge their loads so trash can be compacted and then reloaded into larger vehicles for shipment to a final disposal site, typically a landfill or waste-to-energy facility.

The transfer of wastes from one location to another – more distant location

Contents small collection vehicles are transferred to large vehicles to transport the waste over extended distances

Transfer and transport operation also used in conjunction with MRFs to transport recover material to markets/residue material and waste-to-energy facilities.

Transfer and transport operations become necessity when haul distance to available disposal sites increase.

Also become necessity when disposal sites cannot be reach directly by highway (sites in remote control).

Transfer station isTransfer station is integral part of all types of MRFs and MR/TFs

The time require for transportation is the key factor especially in the traffic congested city.

Located between the disposal site & the centre of the city

The functions are volume reduction & sorting of waste for recycling

Additional factor that tend to make the use of transfer station includes: The occurrence of illegal dumping due to

excessive haul distances

The use of small-capacity collection vehicles

The existence of low-density residential service area

Reduces overall community truck traffic by

Offers more flexibility in waste handling and disposal options.

Reduces air pollution, fuel consumption, and road wear

Allows for screening of waste Reduces traffic at the disposal facility. Offers citizens facilities for convenient

drop-off of waste and recyclables.

Classified into three type

Direct load

Storage load

combined direct load and storage load

Types of transfer stationTypes of transfer station

Direct load

Small capacity

Wastes discharge directly into the open-top trailer to be use to transport to compaction facilities.

large capacity

The wastes in collection emptied directly into transport vehicle, or

The wastes in the collection vehicles are emptied temporarily onto unloading platform

The wastes are then push into the transport trailers.

The new technology of direct-load transfer station, replace the use of open-top transfer vehicle with the compaction facilities.

The compaction facilities can be use to compact wastes into the transfer trailers.

Storage load

Wastes are emptied directly into a storage pit then they are loaded into transport vehicles

Various types of auxiliary equipment are used to load the wastes into the transport vehicles.

The different between direct-load and storage-load is the capacity to store wastes.

Combined direct load and storage load

Multipurpose facilities that service a broader range of users

It can be a materials recovery operation

Receiving process of solid waste trucks

Delivery process

As near as possible to the collection area.

easy access to highway minimal public and environmental

risk/objection economical aspects capacity of collection vehicle storage space require time require to unload the collection

trucks

number of trucks that will use facilities

transfer trailer capacity operation hours type of waste processes

Site suitability depends on numerous : Technical Environmental Economic Social , and Political

Large enough …….

Natural buffer zone Public concern … particularly from people

living surrounding Environmental justice consideration

Collection

Compactors

commonly use for door to door collection

Equipped with compacter facilities

capacity 12m3

Use for the compactable waste

Roll on roll off (RORO)

Top-open truck used for commercial and residential areas

For bulky and uncompactable wastes

Side loader

Without compactor

Manually door to door collection

Open trucks

Used for transporting bulky & uncompactable wastes.

Used for door to door collection

Not recommended for garbage and refuse

Hand cartsCommonly use by the street sweepers

Traffic, noise, dust and odor may exist around waste transfer stations.

Other problems that can result from an improperly designed or operated facility, include: Rodents and birds. Litter. Air emissions.

Environmental issue: Traffic Litter Safety issue

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