waste water reuse in alexandria egypt
DESCRIPTION
Alexandria wastewater reuse Is the optimum use of Alexandria treated effluent through appropriate technologies and the best management practices to achieve best outcomes in terms of environmental basis and public health .TRANSCRIPT
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Wastewater Reuse in Alexandria Wastewater Reuse in Alexandria
and Future Sanitation vision.and Future Sanitation vision.
Presented byPresented byDr. Helaly Abdel Hady HelalyDr. Helaly Abdel Hady Helaly
General Manager of Industrial wastewater, Sludge and Reuse sector.General Manager of Industrial wastewater, Sludge and Reuse sector.Alexandria Sanitary Drainage Company.Alexandria Sanitary Drainage Company.
Alexandria Alexandria –– EGYPT.EGYPT.
Home (tel) : 00203 381 5799 , Mobile: 002-0105201367e-mail : [email protected]
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
Who am I ?Who am I ?
I’m the grandson of the World Civilization builders,
7000 years ago.
My roots are from Upper
Egypt, Edfo, Aswan. Born in Alexandria.
i.e I’m the Typical Egyptian
Representative (from north
to south).
� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
Ph.D. in Environmental Science,
"Evaluation of Alexandria Wastewater Treatment System"El Suez Canal University (2004).
M.Sc. in Environmental Science,
"Seasonal Variation of Alexandria Wastewater properties", Alexandria University (1988).
B.Sc. in Agricultural Science
Water & Land Section – Faculty of Agriculture and Environment
Alexandria University (1981).
Education :
Home (tel) : 00203 381 5799 , Mobile: 002-0105201367e-mail : [email protected]
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.HelalyEmployment History:
General Manager of the Sector of Industrial waste, Sludge
and Reuse.
2005 -
date
General Manager of Sludge dewatering facility and West
Wastewater treatment plant.
2004-
2005
General Manager of landfill and composting facilities –ASDCO.
1993-
2004
Manager of Industrial waste department in ASDCO.1998-
1999
Superintendent of the Central Laboratory – ASDCO1985-
1993
Home (tel) : 00203 381 5799 , Mobile: 002-0105201367e-mail : [email protected]
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
Home (tel) : 00203 381 5799 , Mobile: 002-0105201367e-mail : [email protected]
•Projects Management and Industrial Wastewater Assessment in cities and Industrial and
Touristic Facilities.
•Management of Industrial waste treatment systems in Industrial facilities.
•Management of handling and collecting industrial waste and safe disposal.
•Management of Industrial waste reduction projects.
•Managing and operating Industrial waste control projects in Alexandria Sanitary
Company.
•Managing and operating industrial waste and research labs in ASDCO. (Supervision of
wastewater pilot plants).
•Applying industrial waste treatment researches for Alexandria factories (in cooperation with Scientific research Academy).
Practical Experience :
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
Home (tel) : 00203 381 5799 , Mobile: 002-0105201367e-mail : [email protected]
•Managing, operating and maintaining sanitary landfill facilities for solid and hazardous waste.
•Managing and operating Windrow sludge treatment facilities.
•Management of Effluent reuse projects.
•Managing and operating wastewater treatment plants and sludge dewatering facility.
•Managing and operating sludge disposal facility.
•Applying the Environmental and health conditions of the Mediterranean sea inspection
program (in cooperation with the Scientific Research Academy and the National researchcenter).
•Studies and research on effluent and sludge reuse in Alexandria.
•Arranging Training courses and workshops on different environmental impacts of collecting
and treatment of liquid waste on the marine and land ecosystem.
Practical Experience :
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
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City of the FutureCity of the Future� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
The overall goal of the SWITCH project is to
catalyze change towards more sustainable
urban water management in the
"City of the Future”.
City of the FutureCity of the Future
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
City of the FutureCity of the Future
Is the city with zero exhaust
All the activities of the wastewater system does not produce any carbon.
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
City of the FutureCity of the Future
In the city of the future the wastewater system should include the
following:
•Bio solids Energy & Resource Recovery.
•Biogas Recovery.
•Heat Recovery.
•Pressure Energy Recovery.
•Water Reclamation & Reuse.
•Phosphorus Recovery.
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
My Dream about Alexandria in the Future.My Dream about Alexandria in the Future.
In the city of the future the wastewater system should include the following:
Complete reuse of wastewater effluent in arid areas of the western
desert. And be used as an effective tool to fight desertification and solve
Lake Maryout pollution problems.
Switching to Decentralization management .
Achieving balance in restoring costs of operation and maintenance,
through using appropriate technologies and environmentally friendly
methods in wastewater treatment.
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
Wastewater Reuse Wastewater Reuse in Alexandriain Alexandria
� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
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Overview of Current Situation Overview of Current Situation in Alexandriain Alexandria
� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
Location of Alexandria Governorate : Location of Alexandria Governorate :
Total surface area is about 2680 2680 kmkm22
� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
Land Use (Residential, commercial, industrial and agriculture areas:Land Use (Residential, commercial, industrial and agriculture areas:
Desert Land
Agricultural land
Surface water
Municipal and Urban
•Desert land which represents about 53%
of the governorate area of about 1430 km2
and mainly lies in the west and western
south of the city.
•Agricultural uses of total area of about
730 km2 represents about 27% of the total
area of the governorate which mainly lies
in the south and eastern south.
•Surface water area which represents
about 8% of the total area of the
governorate and includes lakes, canals,
drains and fishery farms with total area of
about 210 km2.
53%8 %
27%
12%
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
� Dr. Sama MZStudy Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
Land Use (Residential, commercial, industrial and agriculture areas:Land Use (Residential, commercial, industrial and agriculture areas:
46%
19%
29%
3% 3%
Housing buildings
Industrial Buildings
Roads and Railways
Public and Recreation
areas
Military buildings
•Municipality and Urban area which represents the rest part of the governorate area
(about 12% and 310 km2) including the following uses:
•Housing buildings of about 46 % ,
•Industrial buildings of about 19 %,
•Roads, railway, and marine uses of about 29 %
•Public and recreation areas of about 3% and
•Military buildings of about 3 %
� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
Areas covered by a sewer system : Areas covered by a sewer system :
extends about 32 32 km (km (20 20 miles) miles) along the coast of the Mediterranean sea
Mixed Sewer System (domestic, storm water and
industrial wastewater).Up to 8686868686868686%%%%%%%% of the population is served by wastewater
facilities
� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
Main Sewer Lines and Pumping StationsMain Sewer Lines and Pumping Stations
45000 m3/d
100000 m3/d
260000 m3/d
850000 m3/d
45000 m3/d
285000 m3/d
17280 m3/d
55000 m3/d
Main Pump Stations in Alexandria.
� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
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Main Wastewater Treatment Plants Main Wastewater Treatment Plants
� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
Quala Drain
92,358
East Treatment Plant
607,000
432,236Sea Locks
82,200Semouha Drain
19,152Gonet Zohra
Drain
131,616
Evapotranspiration
169,344
West Treatment
Plant
410,325
El-Mex Pumping
Station
7,993,945
QUALA
915,790
Omoum Drain
4,200,000
Nubaria Canal
2,530,000
Underground water
24,974
Amlak Drain
65,664
Lake
Mayout
The Main drains in Alexandria are:
• El Qalaa which receives the effluent of ETP.
• West Noubaria and El Omoum drain dispose into the Mediterranean through Lake Maryout.
receives pollution loads from rural areas
Final Disposal points of Alexandria wastewater
� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
Factors affecting the wastewater system Factors affecting the wastewater system
in the futurein the future
� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
Factors affecting the wastewater system in the future
1. Population growth, city expansion and wastewater flows
2. Wastewater composition, industrial discharges and the enforced effluent
standards
3. Demand for effluent (industrial, urban and agricultural reuse; location,
required qualities and potential quantities)
4. Intrusion of saline water into the sewer system
� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
0
500000
1000000
1500000
2000000
2500000
3000000
2006 2012 2017 2022 2027 2032 2037
Year
Wa
st
wa
ter
da
ily
ra
te
Produced
S.T.P capacity
Wastewater production and STP’s capacity (Master plan 2037)
� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
Alexandria city is expected to face the following challenges:
• Water Demand Increase (population, economic, industrial and social activities).
• Semi-arid zone (little rain fall 150-200 mm/year).
• Limited groundwater Potential (Fresh, 3 million m3/year).
• Down stream main irrigation system.
• Water quality degradation (44% Industrial Activities of which 60% is petro-
chemical Activities)
• Climate Change (sea rise, 19 km2, 1.5 million person , 30 million US$ …..)
� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
Therefore, it is important to en light “ Effluent Reuse”
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
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Alexandria effluent Reuse Definition:Alexandria effluent Reuse Definition:
Is the optimum use of Alexandria treated effluent
through appropriate technologies and the best
management practices to achieve best outcomes in
terms of environmental basis and public health .
� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
Leading to
Economical and safe reuse of Alexandria Effluent
to
• Ensure the optimum use of this water resource.
• Protect the environment of Alexandria especially the aquatic
environment.
Benefits of Alexandria effluent ReuseBenefits of Alexandria effluent Reuse
� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
• Is it a critical need to reuse now ? or in the future ?
• Are the other water resources still better than effluent reuse ?
Or
•Does reuse have other concerns regarding environment, public health
and national safety ?
Queries to handle Alexandria Effluent Reuse Queries to handle Alexandria Effluent Reuse
� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
� ����� �� ��� ���� � ���� .Could effluent reuse be one of the effective tools to establish an integrated
wastewater management ?
• Solve problems of Lake Maryout and water bodies.
• Solve problems of calcareous and sandy soil in arid areas.
• Solve problems of re-using Agricultural drains water.
Queries to handle Alexandria Effluent Reuse Queries to handle Alexandria Effluent Reuse
to
Queries to handle Alexandria Effluent Reuse Queries to handle Alexandria Effluent Reuse
� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
Isn’t having and developing national
technologies for effluent re-use
under all circumstances a must ?
Queries to handle Alexandria Effluent Reuse Queries to handle Alexandria Effluent Reuse Queries to handle Alexandria Effluent Reuse Queries to handle Alexandria Effluent Reuse
� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
� An effective tool to sustain high effluent quality from Alexandria
treatment plants.
� An effective tool to solve the problem of flocculation of effluent
quality.
� An effective tool in increasing self purification efficiency during
transporting treated effluent from Alexandria to the arid areas.
Queries to handle Alexandria Effluent Reuse Queries to handle Alexandria Effluent Reuse Queries to handle Alexandria Effluent Reuse Queries to handle Alexandria Effluent Reuse
To act as
� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
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• Feasibility of effluent reuse versus discharging to water
bodies (i.e disposal by dilution)
• Alexandria effluent quality.
Alexandria Effluent Reuse Restrictions :Alexandria Effluent Reuse Restrictions :
� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
How to sustain continuous high quality effluents according to wastewater
reuse criteria in terms of organic and pathogenic parameters.
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
Maximum Standards Permitted for Reusing Treated Sanitary Drainage Water Maximum Standards Permitted for Reusing Treated Sanitary Drainage Water & Degree of Treatment& Degree of Treatment
Third Group Advanced Treated Water
Second Group Secondary Treated Water
First Group Preliminary Treated Water
UnitDescriptionSer.
2040300Part per millionB.O.Ds1
4080600Part per millionC.O.D. Dichoromate2
2040350Part per millionT.S.S.3
510undeterminedPart per millionOils and Grease4
115Number/litreNumber of Enteric Nematode Cells or eggs5
1001000undeterminedFor every 200/m2Number of Fecal Coliform Cells6
Until 2000Until 2000Until 2500Part per millionMaximum Concentration of Total Dissolved Salts
(according to plant endurance degree)
7
2020259Rate if sodium
Adsorption (permeability according to type of soil & plant)
8
300300until 350Part per millionChlorides Concentration9
Until 3Until 3until 5Part per millionBoron Concentration10
� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
Third Group Advanced Second Group Secondary
First Group Preliminary
Unit
Degree of
Treatment/Standards
Metal
0.010.010.06Part per millionCadmium
5510Part per millionLead
0.20.2UndeterminedPart per millionCopper
0.20.20.5Part per millionNickel
22UndeterminedPart per millionZinc
0.1UndeterminedUndeterminedPart per millionArsenic
0.1UndeterminedUndeterminedPart per millionChrome
0.20.2UndeterminedPart per millionMolybolenum (green fodder only)
0.20.20.2Part per millionManganese
55UndeterminedPart per millionIron
0.050.05UndeterminedPart per millionCobalt
Maximum Standards Permitted for Reusing Treated Sanitary Drainage Water Maximum Standards Permitted for Reusing Treated Sanitary Drainage Water & & Degree of Treatment Degree of Treatment contdcontd…..…..
� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
Decree Decree 4444//2000 2000 :Reusing Treated Wastewater in Agriculture; Degree of Treatment, :Reusing Treated Wastewater in Agriculture; Degree of Treatment, Kind of Plant & Soil, and Method of IrrigationKind of Plant & Soil, and Method of Irrigation
Proposed Kind of Soils
Suitable Irrigation Methods
Environmental & Health Precautions
PlantsDegree of Treatment
Group
Light texture authorized for use in desert land 5 km away
from dwelling communities while complying with
periodical assessment of the environment
Furrow
Fencing farms
No direct contact with water and entrance of farm workers
only
Prohibit from entering farms
Take health measures required for the protection from
infection with pathogenic organisms and treatments
Trees for TimberPrimaryFirst
Light medium textureFurrow & sprinkling
Cattle not yielding milk, and producing met could be used
Food should be cooked prior to eating
Palm trees, cotton, flax, linen, jute
Fodder crops & dried cereals
Husky fruits & crops
Cooking vegetables
Heat processed fruits
Flower nurseries
Raw edible plants
Husky plants
SecondarySecond
All kinds for soil
All methods except
spraying
NoneAll kinds of horticulture crops
Fodder & green grassesAdvancedThird
� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
Decree Decree 4444//2000 2000 :Egyptian Microbiological Quality Standards for Treated Wastewater:Egyptian Microbiological Quality Standards for Treated WastewaterUse in AgricultureUse in Agriculture
Wastewater treatment expected to achieve
required microbiological quality
Faecal coliforms
(geometric mean no./100 mlc)
Intestinal nematodesb
(arithmetic mean no. of eggs/litrec)
Exposed Group
Re-use ConditionsCategory
A series of stabilization ponds designed to
achieve the microbiological quality indicated, or similar
treatment
<1000d<1
Workers, consumers and public
Irrigation of crops likely to be eaten uncooked, sports
fields, public parksdA
“Unrestricted”
Retention in stabilization ponds for 8-10 days or equivalent helminth and faecalcoliform removal
<1000<1Workers
Irrigation of cereal crops, industrial
crops, fodder crops, pasture and treeseB
Pretreatment as required by the
irrigation technology, but not less than
primary sedimentationNot applicableNot applicableNone
Localised irrigation of crops in category B if exposure of workers and the public does not
occur
C
� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
Agricultural
Group
Sub-group Description
Group (A) 1-1 Plants and trees cultivated in green areas in
resorts and hotels
Grass, Gustine grass, ornamental palm trees, climbing plants,
shrubs, wooden trees, shade trees
1-2 Grass for golf playgrounds Playground grass in addition to the mentioned in 1-1
1-3 Plants and trees cultivated in green areas inside
cordon of residential areas in new cities.
Grass, Gustine grass, ornamental palm trees, climbing plants,
shrubs, wooden trees, shade trees
Group (B1) 2-1 Fodder products In condition to be ripped and dried in sunrays before to consumed
by animals.
2-2 Fruit trees In condition to be produced and preservation in cans or processed as
orange, lemon, mango, olive, dates palm, or nuts, coconuts.
2-3 Cereals products Products processed by heating and drying before consumed as
wheat, barley, and maize.
2-4 Suitable trees for highways plantation and green
belts around cities
Dates palm and olive.
2-5 Plant nurseries Nursery wood plants, ornamental plants or fruit trees.
2-6 Roses and gathering flowers Roses, gladiolus, etc..
Group (B2) 3-1 Plants producing industrial oils Caster oil plant, etc..
3-2 Fibers products Flax, jute, hemp, etc..
3-3 Mulberry for the production of silk Local mulberry, Japanese mulberry.
Group (C) 4-1 Wooden trees All kinds of wooden trees.
Classification of Plants and Crops Allowed to be Irrigated With Treated Water
� Dr. Sama MZ
Presented by Dr. H.A.Helaly
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
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Challenges and problems of reusing Treated Effluent at Alexandria :Challenges and problems of reusing Treated Effluent at Alexandria :
• Choosing the best tool to Manage the project and the
supervision of all its components.
• The project area has not been completely dedicated yet.
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
OptionsOptions toto faceface thethe challengeschallenges (Projects,(Projects, costscosts andand use)use)..
• Publishing Feasibility studies for the project.
• Establishing an effective appealing tool.
• Demonstrating different alternatives for the reuse
options.
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Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
ToTo ensureensure successsuccess ofof thethe projectproject ::
• Activation of team works between Ministries and concerned
authorities and mainly Ministry of Agriculture & Irrigation and
Alexandria Sanitary Drainage company and the Executive
Organization for Water and Wastewater.
The project studies are ready and include technical and
economical studies.
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Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
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•Establish a committee from concerned authorities and thosewho benefit from wastewater reuse.
•Dedicating suitable location of arid land to be used for reuse.
•It is a must to upgrade the available wastewater reuse studies(mainly WRc study).
•Find an appropriate funding authority.
To start the project:To start the project:
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
Recommendation To Enhance Alexandria Effluent ReuseRecommendation To Enhance Alexandria Effluent Reuse
It is a must to
-Re-pricing different types of clean water to achieve actual costs in order to save, to spot light effluent reuse .
-Enhancing behavior of effluent reuse in new towns and rural areas.
-Applying Grey water reuse systems in different appropriate reuses, in different locations of Alexandria.
-Giving benefits to re-users to encourage them.
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010
Who would be the initiator of this project:Who would be the initiator of this project:
1. The Ministry of Irrigation.
2. Alexandria Sanitary Drainage Company (ASDCO.)
3. Executive organization for water and wastewater.
Why ?Why ?
1. Ministry of Irrigation is responsible for National Irrigation Plan.
2. ASDCO is responsible for Management of Alexandria Wastewater System.
3. The Executive Organization is responsible for construction works and
budgeting.
Study Tour and Workshop “Sustainable Sanitation for the City of the Future” Netherlands 18th – 24th April 2010