washington state education data profile - may 2011
TRANSCRIPT
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HOW WELL IS
WASHINGTON PREPARING
ALL STUDENTS FORCOLLEGE, CAREERS
AND LIFE
May 2011
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A high school diploma is no longer enough; now, nearly every good
job requires some education beyond high school ± such as an
associate¶s or bachelor¶s degree, certificate, license, or completion
of an apprenticeship or significant on-the-job training.
Far too many students drop out or graduate from high school
without the knowledge and skills required for success, closing doors
and limiting their post-high school options and opportunities.
The best way to prepare students for life after high school is to alignK-12 and postsecondary expectations. All students deserve a world-
class education that prepares them for college, careers and life.
Why College- and Career-Ready
Expectations for All?
2
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A HIGH SCHOOL DIPLOMA IS NOLONGER ENOUGH FOR SUCCESS
The changing economy is accelerating theexpectations gap, as careers increasingly requiresome education/training beyond high school,and more developed knowledge and skills.
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4Source: Carnevale, Anthony P. et al. (June 2010). Help Want ed: Proj ec tions of Jobs and E duc ationR equir ements Throug h 2018. Georgetown Center on Education and the Workforce.ww9.georgetown.edu/grad/gppi/hpi/cew/pdfs/FullReport.pdf
Jobs in Today¶s (and Tomorrow¶s) Workforce
Require More Education and Training
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The Rise of Middle-Skill Jobs
5Source: Holzer, Harry J. and Robert I. Lerman (February 2009). The F ut ur e of Mi ddle-Sk i ll Jobs.Brookings Institution.
High-skill jobs
Occupations in the professional/technical and managerial categories.
Often require four-year degrees and above
Middle-skill jobs
Occupations that include clerical, sales, construction, installation/repair,
production, and transportation/material moving.
Low-skill jobs
Occupations in the service and agricultural categories.
Often require some education and training beyond high school (but
typically less than a bachelor¶s degree), including associate¶s
degrees, vocational certificates, significant on-the-job training.
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Employment Shares by Occupational Skill Level
6Source: National Skills Coalition (2010). The Bri dge to a N ew E c onomy : Wor ker Training Fi ll s the Ga p.http://www.nationalskillscoalition.org/assets/reports-/the-bridge-to-a-new-economy.pdf ; National Skills Coalition (2011).
Stat e Mi ddle Sk i ll Fac t Sheets. http://www.nationalskillscoalition.org/resources/fact-sheets/state-fact-sheets/
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Education and Training Beyond High School
Is Increasingly Being Demanded
8Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics. Occupational Out l ook H and book, 2010 -11 E d ition.http://www.bls.gov/oco/oco2003.htm
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The Jobs of Tomorrow
9Source: Milano, Jessica,B
ruce Reed & Paul Weinstein Jr. (Sept 2009). A
Matt er of Deg r ees: Tomorrow¶ s Fast est Grow ing Jobs and Why Community College Graduat es Wi ll Get Them. TheNew Democratic Leadership Council.
Washington should be preparing students for the jobs of
tomorrow, not the jobs of yesterday ± or even today.
A quarter of American workers are now in jobs not even listed in the
Census Bureau¶s occupation codes in 1967.
Given the growth of new job sectors ± most notably ³green jobs´ ± it is
common sense to provide all students with a strong foundation that
keeps all doors open and all opportunities available in the future.
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The Public Agrees That Education or
Training Beyond High School
is Necessary for Future Success
10
To really get ahead in life, a
person needs at least some
education beyond high
school, whether that means
university, community
college, technical or vocational school.
To really get ahead in
life, a person needs more
than just a high school
education.
87
8
Source: Achieve, Inc. (2010). Ac hi ev ing the Possible: What Ameri c ans Think the College and Car eer -R ead y Agend a. http://www.achieve.org/files/AchievingThePossible-FinalReport.pdf
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America¶s International Edge is Slipping in
Postsecondary Degree Attainment
11Source: OECD. E duc ation at a Gl ance 2010 . (All rates are self-reported.) http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/education-at-a-glance-2010_eag-2010-en; National Center for Higher EducationManagement Systems, analysis of 2009 American Community Survey. http://www.higheredinfo.org
0 10 20 30 40 50 60% Young Adults (25-34) with College Degree % Adults (25-64) with College Degree
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% of Citizens with Postsecondary Degrees Among OECD Countries, by Age Group (2 )
- 4 4 - 4 3 -44 2 -34 ALL (2 - 4)
1 U.S. (40%) Canada (44%) Canada (54%) Korea (58%) Canada (49%)
2 Canada (40%) Japan (43%) Japan (48%) Canada (56%) Japan (43%)
3 N.Z. (34%) U.S. (40%) Finland (44%) Japan (55%) U.S. (41%)
4 Finland (29%) N.Z. (38%) U.S. (43%) N.Z. (48%) N.Z. (40%)
Australia (28%) Finland (37%) Korea (43%) Norway (46%) Finland (37%)
Norway (28%) Australia (33%) N.Z. (40%) Ireland (45%) Korea (37%)
7 Switz. (27%) Denmark (32%) Norway (38%) Denmark (43%) Norway (36%)
8 U.K. (27%) Norway (32%) Australia (38%) Belgium (42%) Australia (36%)
Sweden (26%) Switz. (31%) Denmark (37%) Australia (42%) Denmark (34%)
1 Neth. (26%) Neth. (31%) Ireland (37%) U.S. (42%) Ireland (34%)
11 Denmark (26%) Iceland (30%) Switz. (36%) Sweden (41%) Switz. (34%)
12 Japan (26%) U.K. (30%) Iceland (36%) France (41%) U.K. (33%)
13 Germany (24%) Belgium (29%) Belgium (35%) Neth. (40%) Belgium (32%)
14 Iceland (24%) Sweden (28%) U.K. (33%) Spain (39%) Neth. (32%)
1 Belgium (22%) Ireland (27%) Sweden (33%) Luxembourg (39%) Sweden (32%)
4 - 4: Washington (42%) WA (44%) WA (41%) WA (42%)
America¶s International Edge is Slipping in
Postsecondary Degree Attainment
12Source: OECD. E duc ation at a Gl ance 2010. http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/education-at-a-glance-2010_eag-2010-en ; National Center for Higher Education Management Systems analysis of 2009 AmericanCommunity Survey. http://www.higheredinfo.org
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FAR TOO MANY STUDENTS DROP
OUT OR GRADUATE FROM HIGH
SCHOOL UNPREPARED FOR REALWORLD CHALLENGES
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Of Every 100 9th Graders in Washington«
14Source: National Center for Higher Education Management Systems (2008). St udent Pi pel ine - Transition and Completion Rat esfrom 9th Grade to College. http://www.higheredinfo.org
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
9th Graders Grad ateigh hoolin 4 ears
Enroll inCollege In the
Fall
till Enrolledophomore
ear of College
Earn aCollegeDegree
1
3
218
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Achievement Remains Low: 8th Grade
Achievement Over Time
15Source: National Assessment of Educational Progress. Analysis of data downloaded fromhttp://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/naepdata/
8th Grade Math 1 2 2
Washington n/a 39%
U.S. 21% 34%
8th Grade Reading 1 8 2
Washington 32% 36%
U.S. 33% 32%
8th Grade Science 1 2
Washington 27% 34%
U.S. 29% 30%
%At or Above Proficient on 8th Grade NAEP
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And Gaps Persist: Washington¶s 8th Grade
Achievement Gap
16Source: National Assessment of Educational Progress. Analysis of data downloaded fromhttp://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/naepdata/
Subgroup8th Grade Math
(2 )
8th Grade
Reading (2 )
8th Grade Science
(2 )
All Students 39% 36% n/a
White 46% 41% 41%
Black 16% 13% 16%
Hispanic 13% 17% 9%
Asian 53% 42% 39%
American Indian 23% 25% 20%
% At or Above Proficient on 8th Grade NAEP
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High School Graduation Rates Remain
Inequitable in Washington
17Source: Education Week (2007). Graduation in the Unit ed Stat es.http://www.edweek.org/media/ew/dc/2010/34sos_gradrate.pdf
U.S.
WA
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
AmericanIndian AsianHispanicBlack
White All
5 %
8 %
56%54%
77%
6 %
4 %
78%
55%5 %
72%68%
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America¶s International Edge is Slipping in
High School Graduation Rates
18Source: OECD. E duc ation at a Gl ance 2010 . (All rates are self-reported) http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/education-at-a-glance-2010_eag-2010-en; National Center for Higher EducationManagement Systems, analysis of 2008 and 2009 American Community Survey. http://www.higheredinfo.org
0 20 40 60 80 100
Iceland
U.K.
Netherlands
Norway
Ireland
Denmark
Germany
Israel
Canada
Poland
Korea
U.S.
ashington
% Young Adults (25-34) with HS Diploma+ % Adults (25-64) with HS Diploma+
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Enrollment in College Does NOT Equal
College Readiness
19Source: National Center for Education Statistics (2003). R emed ial E duc ation at Deg r ee-Granting Postsec ond ary Instit utions in Fall 2000.
Percentage of U.S. first-year students in two-year and four-year institutions requiring remediation
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Freshmen at Two-Year Colleges are More
Likely to Require Remediation
20Source: National Center for Education Statistics (2003). R emed ial E duc ation at Deg r ee-Granting Postsec ond ary Instit utions in Fall 2000.
0%
5%
0%
5%
20%
25%30%
35%
40%
45%
Reading, Writingor Math
ReadingWriting
Math
42%
1 %23%
34%
24%
6%8%13%
2-Year Colleges 4-Year Colleges
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Enrollment in College Does NOT Equal
College Readiness in Washington
21Source: Washington Higher Education Coordinating Board, ³Key Facts about Higher Education inWashington, 2011´ Fall 2008. http://www.hecb.wa.gov/keyfacts/documents/RevisedBinder1-18-11.pdf
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
No RemediationMathEnglishMath & English
67%
30%
14%10%
Percentage of Recent Graduates Enrolled in Remediation at
Washington Two- and Four- Year Institutions, 2007
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Enrollment in College Does NOT Equal
College Readiness in Washington
22
0%
20%
40%
60%
AnyMath
WritingReading
54%48%
18%
1 %
Percentage of Recent Graduates at Washington Community and
Technical Colleges Enrolled in ³Pre-College´ Courses, 2
Source: Role of Pre-College (Developmental and Remedial) Education for Recent High SchoolGraduates Attending Washington Community and Technical Colleges - System Summary for StudentsEnrolled in 2008-09 (December 2009); http://www.sbctc.edu/college/d_deveducation.aspx
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Many College Students Fail to Return Their
Sophomore Year and Go On To Earn Degrees
23Source: National Center for Higher Education Management Systems (2008). R et ention Rat es -
First -Ti me College Fr eshmen R et urning Their Sec ond Y ear ; Graduation Rat es.http://www.higheredinfo.org/
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
Completion (4-Year)Persistence (4-
Year)Persistence (2-Year)
56%
75%
54%65%
8 %
55%
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Many College Students Fail to Earn a
Degree in Washington
24Source: NCES. IPEDS Graduation Rat e Sur vey , analyzed by National Center for Management of Higher Education Systems.
Percent of students earning a bachelor¶s degreewithin six years in Washington, 2 7
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The Majority of Graduates Would Have Taken
Harder Courses, Particularly in Mathematics
25Source: Peter D. Hart Research Associates/Public Opinion Strategies (2005). Rising to the Challenge: Ar e H i g h Sc hool Graduat es Pr epar ed for College and Wor k ? Washington, DC: Achieve.
Would have taken
more challenging
courses in at least
one area
Math
Science
English
Knowing what you know today about the expectations of college/work «
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A MORE RIGOROUS & RELEVANT
HIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION WILL
OPEN DOORS FOR STUDENTS ± AND KEEP THEM OPEN
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27
Personal Benefits of Education in Washington
While there may be jobs available to high school dropouts and
graduates, they often pay l and off r l c rit y than jobs
held by those with at least some postsecondary experience.
The link between educational attainment and gainful employmentis clear:
More education is associated with higher
earnings and higher rates of employment.
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28Source: U.S. Census Bureau (2010). C urr ent Po pul ation Sur vey . Figures are based on the total personsin the civilian labor force. http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/cpstc/cps_table_creator.html
Personal Benefits of Education in Washington
Washing ton Statisti c s: Total Unempl oy ment : 11%, M ean Inc ome: $49,131
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29Source:Carnevale, Anthony P. et al. (June 2010). Help Want ed: Proj ec tions of Jobs and E duc ation R equir ements Throug h
2018. Georgetown Center on Education and the Workforce. www9.georgetown.edu/grad/gppi/hpi/cew/pdfs/FullReport.pdf
Analysis based on author¶s analysis of March 2008 CPS data.
Benefits to Education
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30Source: ACT (2010). ACT 2009 R esul ts. http://www.act.org/news/data/09/states.html ; College Board. M ean 2010 S AT Sc or es by Stat e. http://professionals.collegeboard.com/profdownload/2010-sat-trends.pdf
Washington¶s Students Taking College
Admissions Exams
2 1 Washington U.S.
Participation in ACT 19% 47%
Average ACT Score 23 21
Participation in SAT 54% 47%
Average SAT Score 1564 1509
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31Source: ACT (2010). College R ead iness Benc hmar k Attainment by Stat e.http://www.act.org/news/data/10/benchmarks.html?utm_campaign=cccr10&utm_source=data10_leftnav&utm_medium=web#benchmark
Students Meeting College Readiness
Benchmark
U.S.
WA
0
20
40
60
80
English, 2010Reading, 2010
Math, 2010Science, 2010
All 4 tests, 2010
66
52
43
224
7
6761
41
36
Percentage of ACT-tested graduates who met or
exceeded the College Readiness Benchmark score
Not e: A benc hmar k sc or e ind i c at es a 50% c hance of obtaining a Bor hi g her or about a 75% c hance of obtaining a C or hi g her in the c orr es pond ing c r ed it -bearing c ollege c ourses.
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32Source: College Board (2011). AP R eport to the Nation.http://professionals.collegeboard.com/profdownload/7th-annual-ap-report-to-the-nation-2011.pdf
Students Participating in Advanced
Placement and Exceeding College and Career
Readiness
Percent of all 12th Graders Participating inAdvanced Placement (2 8)
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THE SOLUTION:
STATE-LED EFFORTS TO CLOSE THE
EXPECTATIONS GAPAll students deserve a world-class education that
prepares them for college, careers and life.
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The College- and Career-Ready Agenda
34
Align high school standards with the demands of collegeand careers.Align high school standards with the demands of collegeand careers.
Require students to take a college- and career-ready
curriculum to earn a high school diploma.
Require students to take a college- and career-ready
curriculum to earn a high school diploma.
Build college- and career-ready measures into statewidehigh school assessment systems.Build college- and career-ready measures into statewidehigh school assessment systems.
Develop reporting and accountability systems thatpromote college and career readiness.Develop reporting and accountability systems thatpromote college and career readiness.
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Washington¶s Commitment to Closing the
Expectations Gap to Date
35
In 2 8 Washington adopted academic standards aligned with
college- and career-ready expectations.
Washington adopted the Common Core State Standards in 2 11.
Washington is a Governing state in the SMARTER BALANCED
Assessment Consortium, a group states working to develop acommon assessment system using Race to the Top Common
Assessment funds.
Washington has a P-2 longitudinal data system that matches
student-level data across K-12 and postsecondary systems on a
regular basis.
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How Washington Can Continue to
Build on its Momentum«
«Realize the promise of the Common Core State Standards by
implementing them fully and successfully, taking into consideration the
related curricular and policy changes.
«Adopt college- and career-ready graduation requirements, aligned to the
Common Core State Standards, to ensure all students are prepared, and
eligible, for entry into college and skilled careers.
«Remain committed to the goals of the common assessment consortium
and developing a next-generation, computer-based assessment system
that will measure the full range of the Common Core State Standards.
«Continue to make progress on the state¶s data collection efforts,
particularly around making student data available to relevant
stakeholders.
«Re-examine the state¶s K-12 accountability system to determine how it
can reward measures of college and career readiness.
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HOW WELL IS
WASHINGTON PREPARING
ALL STUDENTS FOR
COLLEGE, CAREERS
AND LIFE
May 2011