warm- jackson an merican nians

© Edgenuity, Inc. 1

Warm-Up Jackson and American Indians

?

Words to Know

Fill in this table as you work through the lesson. You may also use the glossary to help you.

harbor to keep or in a secure place

faction a side group or of a main group

migration from one place to another

reservation land set aside for people

guerilla warfare the use of hit-and-run strategies

WK2

Lesson Question

Lesson Goals

Learn about the

Florida.

of

Identify the effects

invasion in Florida.

of

Analyze the impact of the

Removal

Act.

Learn about policies that affected

Indians in Florida.


Warm-Up Jackson and American Indians

Federal Indian Policies

During the 1800s, the federal government had main policies for American Indian relations.

Assimilation Removal

• Said that American Indians should

white culture and

customs

• Was supported by President

• Said that lands west of the Mississippi would be dedicated

for the of

American Indians

• Was supported by Presidents

and Jackson


Jackson and American Indians

2Slide

American Indians in Florida

Second Creekmigration

First Creek

American Indianpopulation

• in the

1600s and 1700s left fewer than one hundred American Indians in Florida.

• Many Creeks moved

from

and Alabama in the 1760s.

• They became known as

.

• More Creeks moved to

in the

early 1800s.

Instruction

The Creek War (1813–1814)

The Creek War began as a war between Creeks.

• The Red Sticks wanted to use violence to stop the settlement of Creek lands.

• Other wanted with white settlers.

The Battle of Horseshoe Bend (1814)

General Andrew Jackson led US forces to victory over the faction of the Creeks.

• Jackson became known as an “

fighter.”



2Slide

Instruction

The Seminoles

The Creeks who migrated to Florida in the 1700s became known as Seminoles.

• Had established more than towns across Florida by 1821

• Became increasingly from the Creeks to the

• Were joined by Creeks who in the 1800s

4

The Treaty of Fort Jackson (1814)

The Treaty of Fort Jackson ended the

War.

• The Creeks lost 22 million acres

of land in central

and southern .

• Many Creeks moved to

.

N

Land Ceded by Treaty of Fort Jackson, 1814

Creek territory



4Slide

Instruction

Seminole Culture

The Seminoles and the Creeks had cultures.

• Their homes were called .

• Men were .

• Women were and took care of children.

• Culture was shared through , art, and music.

Andrew Jackson (1767–1845)

PROFILE

• Served as a in the US Army

• Had a reputation as an “Indian ”

• Was known as “ ”

• Was the seventh of the United States

• Supported Indian policy

7



7Slide

Instruction

Growing Tensions

In the early 1800s, tensions increased between US settlers,

settlers, and .

• The United States wanted to expand into Florida.

• Florida was occupied by .

• The Seminoles were harboring people who had run away.

The First Seminole War

In 1817, General Andrew Jackson led

US military forces in an of Seminole territory.

• The Seminoles were forced to

sign a .

• They were moved onto

a in

central Florida.

• They agreed to Florida within three years.

Movement of Seminoles in Florida

N

First Seminole war fortsSeminole reservation

Seminole settlements

GeorgiaAlabamaTerritory

MississippiTerritory

Florida

Louisiana

Gulf of Mexico

AtlanticOcean



7Slide

Adams-Onis Treaty (1821)

• The Adams-Onis Treaty was a formal between the United States and Spain.

• Florida became a of the United States.

• The United States gave up claims to areas of this border.

• The treaty was signed by US secretary of state John Quincy Adams and Spanish minister Luis de Onis.

Instruction

Indian Removal Act (1830)

In 1830, President Jackson pressured

to pass the Indian

Removal Act.

• Authorized the removal of

American Indians

of the River

• Moved American Indians to Indian

Territory (present-day )

10

Indian Removal Act

N

Seminoles

Creeks

Cherokees

ChickasawsChoctaws

Sacs& Foxes

Trail of Tears

Other Indian removals

American Indian lands

American Indian lands ceded to the government

1830 boundaries



10Slide

Chief Osceola (1804–1838)

PROFILE

• Led the in the Second Seminole War

• Was and in prison

Instruction

Second Seminole War (1835–1842)

The Second Seminole War began when Seminoles to relocate to Indian Territory.

• Refused to leave their in central Florida

• Used warfare tactics to resist US troops, killing more

than two thousand



10Slide

Forced Relocation of American Indians

Indian Removal Act

N

Choctaws

Seminoles

Chickasaws

Creeks

Cherokees

Homeland

Indian Territory

Chickasaws

ChoctawsCreeks

Cherokees

Seminoles

IndianTerritory

All of these tribes were located in what is now United

States. They had to move all the way into the of the country, in

what is now .

The Third Seminole War (1855–1858)

Tensions arose between the remaining Seminoles and settlers

over .

• The United States agreed to Seminoles to leave the land.

• About two Seminoles remained in Florida.

Instruction


Summary Jackson and American Indians

Answer

Lesson Question How did US policies affect American Indians in Florida??



2Slide

Review: Words to Know

• The First Seminole War broke out, partly because US settlers believed that the

Seminoles were enslaved people who had run away.

• A second of Creeks from Alabama to Florida occurred after

defeated the Red Sticks faction of the Creeks during the

Creek War.

• Hoping to keep their land, many Seminoles used guerilla against US forces.

• After the First Seminole War, the Seminoles were to

in Florida.

Review: Seminoles of Florida

Some Creeks migrated to Florida from and .

• They became known as the .

• They relocated after the wars.



Review: Jackson’s Invasion

In 1817, General Andrew Jackson led US forces in an invasion of Seminole territory.

• They believed that the Seminoles were harboring people who had run away.

• The Seminoles were and relocated to reservations.

• This prompted Spain to turn Florida over to control.

Review: The Indian Removal Act

The Indian Removal Act gave the federal government to relocate

American Indians to lands of the Mississippi River.

• Removal treaties with tribes followed.

• The Seminoles responded with conflict, but they were

defeated and removed to Indian Territory.

• This resulted in a removal from , a loss of

, and a decline within tribes.

2Slide



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