voting system-report inside

8/2/2019 Voting System-Report Inside

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Federal Institute of Science and Technology

1. Introduction

Department of ECE, FISAT Page number




1. INTRODUCTION

India is world’s largest democracy. Fundamental right to vote or simply voting

in elections forms the basis of Indian democracy. In India all earlier elections a voter used to cast

his vote by using ballot paper. This is a longtime-consuming process and very much prone to

errors. This situation continued till election scene was completely changed by electronic voting

machine. No more ballot paper, ballot boxes, stamping,etc.all this condensed into a simple box

called ballot unit of the electronic voting machine. Cell phone based voting machine is capable of

saving considerable printing stationery and transport of large volumes of electoral material. It is

easy to transport, store, and maintain. It completely rules out the chance of invalid votes. Its use

results reduction of polling time, resulting in fewer problems in electoral preparations, law and

order, candidates' expenditure,etc. and easy and accurate counting without any mischief at the

counting centre. The aim of our project is to design & develop a mobile based voting machine. In

this project user can dial the specific number from any land line or mobile phone to cast his vote.

Once the user is connected to the voting machine he can enter his password & choice of vote. If he

has entered a valid choice & password his vote will be caste with two short duration beeps. For

invalid password/choice long beep will be generated. User is allotted 15 seconds to enter his

password & choice. A reset button is provided for resetting the system. A total key is provided to

display the result





(18 bold Italics – Right alignment) (Heading of Chapter)

2. Block Diagram





2. BLOCK DIAGRAM


P

I

C

MI

C

R

O

C

O

N

T

R

O

LL

E

R

16x2

LCD

MODULE

GSM

MODEM

MOBILE

PHONE

POWER

SUPPLY

KEY

SWITCHES




3. Block Diagram Explanation





3. BLOCK DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION

Block diagram consist of Pic microcontroller 16F877, Uart Max 232, Key

switches, 16x2 Lcd Module, Power supply, Gsm Modem, Mobile Phone.

3.1 Pic Microcontroller 16F877





Features

• Includes Powerful Microchip PIC16F877 Microcontroller with 8kb

Internal Flash Program Memory

• Operating Speed at 10MHz

• Direct In-Circuit Programming for Easy Program Updates

• Up to 28 I/O points with easy to connect standard headers

• RS232 Connection with MAX232

• Internal EEPROM

• 8 Channel 10-bit A/D Converter

• One 16-bit Timer with Two 8-bit Timers

• Power and Programming LED

• Reset Button

• Ideal as an Interchangeable Controller for Real-Time Systems

3.2 Lcd Module

LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen is an electronic display module and find a

wide range of applications. A 16x2 LCD display is very basic module and is very

commonly used in various devices and circuits. These modules are preferred

over seven segments and other multi segment LEDs. The reasons being: LCDs are

economical; easily programmable; have no limitation of displaying special &

even custom characters (unlike in seven segments), animations and so on.

A 16x2 LCD means it can display 16 characters per line and there are 2 such lines.

In this LCD each character is displayed in 5x7 pixel matrix. This LCD has two

registers, namely, Command and Data.





The command register stores the command instructions given to the LCD. A

command is an instruction given to LCD to do a predefined task like initializing it,

clearing its screen, setting the cursor position, controlling display etc. The data

register stores the data to be displayed on the LCD. The data is the ASCII value of

the character to be displayed on the LCD.

Features:

• 16 characters x 2 lines

• High-contrast super twist display

• LED Backlight

• Standard HD44780 operation

• Self-testing mode (pictured below) to check proper function and

jumper settings

• Power Requirement: 4.8 - 5.2 VDC approximate. 4 mA

• Size: 3.1" L x 1.4" W

• Weight: 0.1 lbs





2. TITLE OF CHAPTER (bold capital 14)

2.1 Enter the sub divisions as 2.1(12)

2.1.1 2.1.1

2.1.2

2.2 etc

All the figures, tables etc must be numbered.

The figure number and caption should appear below the figure.

The table number and caption should appear above the table.

Chapter 3 etc

Chapter N -1 (Results if any)

Chapter N CONCLUSION

References (In IEEE Format)

[1] W.Ding and B.Liu, “Rate control of MPEG video coding and

recording by rate quantization modeling”, IEEE trans.on circuits and systems for

video technology,vol.6,pp.12-20,Feb.1996

[2] --------------

All references to the above should be indicated as

( eg) According to Ding[1]

(Please refer IEEE transactions in the Library)

Appendix (Includes Data sheet, tables, programs, photographs etc if any)

Place a title page before every chapter.

The report shall be made with good quality bond paper.

Note: The format of the inner pages is attached…..





Matter (12 Times New Roman) with line spacing of 1.5

Margin left – 4 cm and 2 cm each at right, top and bottom

Paragraph alignment shall be left and right justified

6 pt spacing shall be given after headings and paragraphs.

1 cm indentation shall be given at the beginning of each paragraph except the first

paragraph of any section or chapter

Headings should be numbered and aligned left. Font sizes and styles must be as

given below

1 CHAPTER HEADINGS (0 LEVEL) 14pt, UPPER CASE, bold

1.1 Main Headings (first level) 12 pt, Title case, bold

1.1.1 Second level headings 12 pt, Sentence case, bold

1.1.1.1 Third level headings 12 pt, Sentence case, italics

Preparation of sketches should be done neatly with proper headings and details.

Care should be taken to see that SI units only are used in the illustrations.

Equations

All equations should be clearly set and numbered. Use equation editor as far as

possible and set the fond size to 12 points (which is the default fond size). When

referring to the equations in the text, preface the number with the word ‘Eq.’ Or

‘Eqs’ and place the number within brackets. Thus for example, Eq. (1.1).

Equations should be numbered as (1.1), (1.2), (1.3), etc. The first number represents the chapter number. The numbers should appear at the extreme right end

of the line. Do not set them in bold or italics type. Ensure that subscripts and

superscripts are clearly legible.





Tables

Tables must be set as the part of the text. Smaller fond sizes may be used to enable

the table to fit the space. All tables must have a caption. The caption should be

kept above the table and centered. If the caption runs in to more than one line ,

keep it justified at both ends. Caption should be numbered sequentially starting

with number 1. Thus for example , “ Table 1.1: Input data”. Leave 12 pt space

above and below tables. Large tables may be set in landscape , i.e. sideways on the

page, reading up.

Illustrations, Figures , Diagrams, Maps, etc.

These should be neat and clear. They should be positioned centrally on the width

of the page and close to their text reference. They should not appear on the opening page (first page) and must fit within the page text size. Try to avoid boxing text

between two illustrations on a page as this can sometimes make reading more

difficult. Ensure that all spelling and annotations (numbers, letters, symbols and

captions) confirm to their usage in the text.

Captions to figures, (diagrams and/or illustrations )should be set text size

and centered below the figure. All figures must be numbered sequentially starting

with the number 1. Thus for example, Figure 1.1: Thermocouple circuit. Leave 12

points above and below each figure/illustration.

Photographs

If you decide to include photographs use prints which are clear, glossy, have good

contrast. Paste them at appropriate positions.

References

A list of references must be included with every report and placed at the end.

References (In IEEE Format)

{[1] W.Ding and B.Liu, “Rate control of MPEG video coding and

recording by rate quantization modeling”, IEEE trans.on circuits and systems

for video technology,vol.6,pp.12-20,Feb.1996

[2] W. D. Doyle, “Magnetization reversal in films with biaxial anisotropy,”

in 1987 Proc. INTERMAG Conf., pp. 2.2-1–2.2-6.





All references to the above should be indicated as ( eg) According to Ding[1]

(Please refer IEEE transactions in the Library)}

Appendix (Includes Data sheet, tables, programs, photographs etc if any)





Department of ECE, FISAT Page

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