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  • VOLUME TRIUMPH. THE TAX QUESTION AGAIN. IS COLFAX A … · 2017-12-16 · for the tax, the collection of which wasto bave cegun onthe 15th of November, 1872. The collection ol the
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VOLUME X.-NUMBER 2200. EIGHT DOLLARS A YEAR. THE TAX QUESTION AGAIN. SHALL THE TAXES FOR 1873- 4 BE LEVIED NOW OR NEXT WINTER ? Special County Taxe«-New Bills intro¬ duced. [FSOil OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT.] COLUMBIA, S. C., February I. Toe subject of the taxes for next year or the fiscal year commencing November 1, 1873, ls now seriously occupying the attention of the financial committees of the General Assembly and of the Slate officers, the principal ques¬ tion being as to whether the levy tor thc tax shèuTbe made at thlssesslor. ot the Asjembly or postponed until the beginüng ot the next session. As the law now stands, the collec¬ tion of the annual tax begins on the 15th of November, and as the Legiidature does not convene until the latter part cf November, lt bas been the custom to have '.he tax levied at the session of the year preceding the year for which the lax ls levied. This was done last year, the levy having been made at tbe session uf 1871-2 for the tax, the collection of which was to bave cegun on the 15th of November, 1872. The collection ol the laxes under that levy was, however, enjoined by Judge Melton, and lt th is oecame necessary for me Legislature at this Bession lo make a new levy ot taxes. Now lt is proposed to make the levy ol the taxes, which will begin to be collected next November; but this Deposition Is opposed by some ol the members of the committees, and by the State officers. The arguments In Jt»vor of levying the lax at this session ot the Leg¬ islature are, first, the very obvious one that, unless the levy be made now, the collection cannot commence on the 15th of November, and as the penalty attaches by law ou me 15th ot January, the time for the people lo pay the tax will be unjustly abridged; second, that If the levy be made now, it cannot and will not include any levy of tax js for interest on the public debt because the debt lias not yet been investigated, and the Stale Gov¬ ernment stands pledged not to poy the interest until lt be thoroughly Bitted, and thai lithe levy be postponed until next session the bond hold¬ ing Interest will manage to have smuggled into it a tax for the Interest. Tne arguments on the other side are as follows First, those who desire to postpone the levy say that, as far as the time for collection ls concerned, that time might be. changed so that the col¬ lections should commence on the first of Jan¬ uary and the penalty begin to Attach on ihe first of March. As to the Interest on the bonds they say that the first act ot the Legis¬ lature upon reassembling would te to make the levy ot taxes, and that if any investiga¬ tion cf the bonds be made it is not likely that the report will be made in lime to get tue levy for Interest included. Their third argu¬ ment, however, ls toe strongest one. and lt ls that the Assembly had better walt until they see wbeiber tbere will not be a de¬ ficiency left over from this year be¬ fore they fix the tax levy for next ¡rear. By the constitution a tax cannot be evled io» the deficiency of any oilier year except the one immediately preceding the year for which the tax is levied. Tiros, If there is to be a deficiency from the present fiscal yeal ot I872-73, the tax to meet ibat de¬ ficiency jan only be levied with Ihe lax ot the next fiscal year of 1873-74, nnd they say that lt ls almost certain that lhere will beau Itn- Sortant deficiency left over from this year, bey account for this expected deficiency by saying that the State lax lor 1872-73 anion nt- ed lo twelve mills- on the dollar, only five mills were for the State expenses ol this year; that this tax of five mills 13 oul.v expected to raise about seven hundred and illly thousand dollars, and that the general expeuses of me State lor this year will amount', os ls shown by the general appropriation bill now be¬ fore the Assembly, to upward of eight hundred thousand dollars, leaving a de¬ ficiency of at least from Atty tnousand dollars to one hundred thousand dol¬ lars, which will have to bu provided for In the tax levy now in question. Ttiese latter arguments will, lt ls beik-ved, ¡Tove ef¬ fectual, and the probability Is mat th« levy wlll be postponed until next winter's session of the Assembly, but In ibis case lt ls evident that-the Legislature ought, In simple Justice, change the time of the collection bl 1 >xes irom the 15th ot November io the tlrtt of Jan¬ uary, and this change ought to be made be¬ fore the dose of the'preseut cession. SPECIAL OOUX'.fT TAXES. Ïhere have been during the present session umber of resolutions proposing special taxes ia the various counties. One ol' these resolutions, proposing a tax of two mills in Kershaw County, has alreudy parsed und be¬ come a law, but the finance committee ol thc Senate have gathered up nil Ute resi of the resolutions and incorporated tb*-m in au omni¬ bus bili entitled "a bill lo authorize county com missioners ol certain counties to levy and collect an additional tax for certain purposes." This bill prescribes the following special taxes In the respective counties named: Marion Couuty.3 mills. Orangeourg County.3 mills. Blchlaod County.1 j mills. Lancaster County.2 mills. Newberry County.2 mills. HorryCounty.2 mills. Williamsburg County.2 mills. The taxes thus pro vu ed for ure to be de¬ voted exclusively to thc payment ot the past due Indebtedness of the connues In the cases of Marion, Orangeburg, Richland, Lancaster and Newberry Counties. In Hie case of Horry County the tax is tor repairing bridges and paying the past due Indebteieuejs, and lu the case of Williamsburg County the tax is to pay the indebtedness caused by the building ot a Jail in that county. WOMAN SUFFRAGE AGAIN'. There ls an enterprising association, with headquarters at Boston, known us the Ameri¬ can Woman Suffrage Assoc ation, which comes before the Legislature of this, us weil as the other Stales, aoout once a year, with a long memorial begging for a constitutional amend¬ ment "to abolish hereat ter all political dis- tlnciions on account of sex." The inevitable memorial has turned up again, signed by four persons whose names lurulab a very fair Index to the character otthe association. The signers are Thomas Wentworth Higginson, the poeti¬ cal, long-haired ex-coionel of a Massachusetts regiment of colored troops v. ho fought nobly, "Luoy 8tone," as she chooses to elga herself, whose name is followed obsequiously by that of Henry B. Blackwell, who ls the hu.-band ol "Lucy Stone," and Mary Grew, a black-eyed, energetic Utile lady, from Philadelphia, with more snap and enterprise than a whole reel- nSrot of Colonel Higglnsons. This merni rial has been presented in both houses, and a special Joint committee ls about to be ap¬ pointed to consider the memorial. Just as was done last year, and this of course will be the end of IL AN IRON SMELTING ENTERPRISE. Senator Jamison yesterday introduced a bill with the rather deceptive title ol **A bill to aid and encourage manufactures," which proposes lo Incorporate Messrs. F. A. Bab¬ cock, Wilbur Johnston, A. T. Peete, E. Don¬ aldson, and others, SB a company for the smelting of iron ore and manufucturicg of iron in this State, and provides that a sum ol money equal to the aggregate amount of State, county and municipal taxes collected upon the property or capital employed or In¬ vested strictly In euch manufactures shall be returned them annually, for ten years after the commencement of the businesp. A <JRAND SOUTHERN HOTEL. A bill waa introduced, yesterday, in the Senate to incorporate "The Grand Southern Hotel and Transfer Companvof Columbia, S. C." The ^corporators named are Hardy Sol¬ omon, Josephus Woodruff, S. L. Ho«e, L Cass Carpenter, LeGrand Benedict, Ê. H Baldwin and David Epstln;the business of the company Is defined to be ihe construction and furnishing buildings and conducting the busi¬ ness of hotel keeping, and of transferring carrying and delivering passengers, bn""a«ë and freight ol all kinds, and the usual righfs, powers and privileges are granted to the com¬ pany. A CHECK ON THE TREASURER. Representative Dannerly yesterday intro¬ duced a Joint resolution to provide tor ihe auditing by the comptroller-general of all claims against the State. It provides that all claims against the State now due or which may become due, except pay certificates of the General Assembly, salaries and State ponda, stocks or coupons shall be audited and «4. ' allowed by the comptroller-general, and shall have (tie words ' audited and allowed" «rit¬ te uncross the face ot the claim, and signed by the comptroller-general before they shall be paid by the State treasurer. The comptrol¬ ler-general is a so required to en'er in a book to be kepi for the purpose, a brief and clear statement ot the circumstances ol each claim disallowed by him, and the State treasurer ls rt quired lo pay all claims In the order In which they are audited. Any violation of the resolutiou by either of these officers is de¬ clared a misdemeanor, and made punishable by tine or imprisonment in the discretion of tbe court. THU APPRENTICES' LIBRARY. Senator Jervey ihia morning introduced In the Senate a bill, which has already been in¬ troduced in the House, to revive and amend the charter of the Apprentices' Library Society of Charleston, which pro¬ vides that Ihe said charter be revived and ex¬ tended, with all the righlP, privileges, proper¬ ties and powers liereiolore granted und en- Joyed, and thal the name ot eaid society be changed io the "Apprentices' and Minors' Library Society." THE PENITENTIARY GROUNDS. Senator Whittemoie today introduced a Joint resolution to provide for the purchase by the Stuie of a lot of land for the use of the Slate penitentiary, the preamble to which re¬ cites mat the life estate of Paul BoÜU In one acre of land, const hiting the northwestern quarter section cf the penitentiary grounds, which was purchased by the State, bas termi¬ nated by the death of the said lite tenant, and the estate in remainder therein bas passed to the heirs of the said Paul Boflil, and that lt is desirable that title therein In tee shall be se¬ cured to the Stale by purchase. The resolu¬ tion, therefore, provides for the appeintment ot Ave arbitrators, two lo be appointed by the Governor, two by Ihe heirs, and these lour to appoint the flub, that these arbitrators shall determine upon a valuation ot the said land and repoit to ihe comptroller-general, and upon the delivery to the secretary of State of a warranty deed ol the said lot In fee simple to lb» Slate, that the comptroller-general shall draw his warrant for the payment of Ihe amount determined by the arbitration out of the civil contingent lund. PRAYER FOR RELIEF. Senator Jervey to-day presented a msmo- rltil signed by Messrs. William Aiken, Robert Adger, William C. Bee and others, showlDg ttat they have paid the direct tax levied by Congress, and pratt log relief, and lt was re¬ ferred lo the committee on finance. The me¬ morial shows that a lax oí three hundred and sixty-three thousand rive hundred aud seventy and two thirds dollars ($363,5701) was laid upon the State oí South Carolina, being Its proportion ol $20,000,000 laid on the United Stales, and that the penalty of fifty per cent, provided for by subsequent acts created a Len on the property vestiog title in the United Stales, or the purchase thereof. It ls also set lorin that at the time of ihe passage of the act the authority ol the United States was subverted in this State, and afterwards, In No¬ vember, 1861. was re-established in a small section, and the levy of the tax was made as far as possible, and many est ateo poid at nominal prices because the owners could not pay ihe laxes; that in 1865 Uulted Stales authority was established in Charleston and the seaboard and the same lien was extended. The memorialists hold that the whole amount ol tax and penalty was collected from a comparatively small number ol Hie citizens; that they were not voluntarily pat J ; that their property was seized and held br agents ol the United Stales, and restored only upon the producion of a certificate that the tux and penally had been paid. They, therefore, ask the same treatment that would be given betöre the coarte of the State, be¬ tween two individuals, claiming that they have paid the whole debt of the Stale, and would be well content to have their claim to relief tried and adjudged by the couria ol the State. They state lhat if, at the lime this lax wus laid, the United Slates had not been In¬ terrupted and entirely suspended In South Carolina, lt peace bad prevailed, the .portion of the tax of this State would have been doubtless paid by the State treasury, Instead of directly by the property-holders, such being the custom la all Slates. The memorialists submit that there Is no îeasou why this should not be done, and that there is every possible reason why ll should be. They claim to be In the position of having been compelled to advance and pay a public debt at a time of ure.it distress. They do not deny ihe lawfulness or validity ol the debt paid, but hold their claim to relief to be equally undeniable, knowing meantime that the condition of the Slate treasury will not ludulge the hope of direct payment therefrom. The petitioners say "they have waited for sev¬ eral years la the hopes of its more prosperous condition (ihus far in vain) and a more pro¬ pitious opportunity, and hope and irust the the latter is now open lo them, and ask that they may be referred to some proper tribunal where they may prove what sums they have advanced, and tue respective amounts with interest may be refunded to them la certifi¬ cates receivable ia payment of taxes, one- third thereof at once, one-third in one year, and the other third In two years, and ii there be any doubt of ihe lawfulness ol the claim to refer the matter io the courts, and thereupon, if payment be allowed, lt be so ordered by the General Assembly. PICKET. BEYOND THE BRINE. BERLIN, February L A posse or Russian douaniers, or cu-tom- houee officers, cro-sed the river Brlnaiiza, In the province of Upper Silesia, and destroyed ihe weir, or dam, bulli in the river fur con¬ ducting the fisb to Kuna Mill. This arbitrary proceeding belDg resented by the Prussians residing there, the Russian officer In charge ol ihe customhouse ceiachmenl tired and Killed a civilian. This outrage aroused the inhabit¬ ants lo a great pitch of excitement, and the government was fully informed ot the affilr. Priuco Bisnmrck hus addressed a peremptory ucie lo the Russian authorities demanding aa instant explanation of the outrage. MADRID, February 1. The bill introduced In the Spanish Cortes providing lor the emancipation oí the slaves on the Island ol Porto Rico provides that a commission shall be.appolnted, selected Jointly by the siuve-owners and the government, . whose duty lt shall be to ascertain and report as to the value of all slaves upon the Island. When ¡his ls accomplished, the owners shall be paid eighty per cent, of the estimated value cf the slaves owned by them, and one-halt of this amount shall be borne by the Spanish Government and ihe other half by the local government of Porto Rico. It ls believed that this measure or one similar in terms will be passed by the Cortes. In the matterot the abolition of slavery on the Island of Cuba, the Spanish Government will do uoihing toward inlfilling its promises to the United States Government until the insurrection on the island ls completely subdued. LONDON, February 1. A destructive fire broke out last night ia ihe Royal Military Academy at Woolwich, which raged for Beveral hours. The flames were flr&t discovered io the central portion of the Academy, to which they were confined, but beiore the conflagration was subdued ihe extensive library ol the establishment, to¬ gether with ihe greater part of the clock tower, were destroyed. Great excitement prevailed, and fur a lime it was teared that the whole si niel ure would be consumed. Troops from the barracks were immediately summoned, and ihe fire was finally brought under control and extinguished. The loss ls not slated. TUE WEATHER THIS DAY. WASHINGTON. February 2. Probabiiilití?: For ihe New England States winds veering to southwesterly, and probably southeasterly, with rising temperaiure, and partly cloudy weal her. For the Middle Stales winds backing fresh and brisk southerly and easterly, rising temperature, and generally in¬ creasing cloudiness lrom the Ohio Valley and Missouri to Lake Erle and upper lakes, tailing barometer, decided rise of lemperature, fresh to brisk, and probably very brisk, easterly and southwesterly wind?, and very generally cloudy and possibly threatening weather. For the South Atlantic States light to lresh easterly and southeily windp, higher temper¬ ature, and generally cloudy weather. For the Guli Suites, east ol'the Mississippi River, and Tennessee and Kentucky, lalling barometer, rising temperature, fresh easterly and south¬ erly winds, and very generally cloudy and possibly threatening weather; but afternoon telegraphic reports trom western Gulf SlateB and Kansas, and a portion ot those lrom Can¬ ada, Michigan, and the extreme Northwest,, have uot yet beeu received. IS COLFAX A PERJURER? THE SM ILI SG SCBUTLER CAUGHT AT LAST. Ills Bank Account Tells a Startling Story-The Circumstantial Evidence Against Him. [Correspondence of the N. Y. Tribune.] WASHINGTON, January 28. The ruin oí vice-President Colfax Is only a Utile less complete than that of Senator Pat¬ terson. Last week tho vice-President stated on oath to Judge Poland's committee that he bad not received twelve hundred dollars from Oakes Ames In June. 1868; that Ames's check: upon the sergeant-at-arms for that amount In favor of "8. C." had never been seen ty him; that he wad positive oí this because he could not possibly have received that amount of money from any source without recollecting lt. To-day, the books of the First National Bank ot Washington were produced, and Mr. Colfax's account was examined. There ap¬ peared a credit of $1968 63, daied June 22, 1908. two days after the date of Ames's check to '*8. C." on the sergeant-at-arms, and one day after that check was paid. This furnished only presumptive proof of the deposit ol the $1200, but all doubt was removed when the cashier produced a deposit ticker, bearing Mr. Colfax's signature, In which the $1968 63 was itemized, $1200 being casb, and the re¬ mainder checks or drafts. The circumstan¬ tial evidence In Mr. Colfax's case ls, there¬ fore, complete. Mr. Ames swears that he drew a check on the sergeant-at-arms In ravor of "S. C." for $1200, on June 20,1868. and gave it to Mr. Colfax, In payment of the Credit Mobilier dividend. The sergeant-at- arms produces ihe check dated June 20, and shows ibat it was cashed on the 21st, and charged to Ames's account. On the '¿2d Mr. Collax deposits exactly $1200 In cash In the bank. Now. unless he cun prove that he re¬ ceived the $1200 from some other source, his case ls hopeless, and he cannot escape a ver¬ dict of guilty of false swearing. Tlie Proposed Impeachment at vice- President Colfax. [Washington Correspondence Baltimore Sun.] It Is undeniable that the recent testimony before the Poland Credit Mobilier committee, including particularly that given to-day, piaces the Vice-president In a very awkward position before Congress and before the coun¬ try. It ls veiy certain that perjury bas been committed by some one, and painful as lt may be to give utterance to such a suspicion, lt ls a fact that not a few of those who have been among the warmest personal and political friends of the vice-President are not sat¬ isfied as to which party this crime caa be fastened upon. The vice-President expresses the utmost confidence In his ability to clear himself entirely of all damaging charges and suspicions. It Is now very plain that the op¬ portunity which he asked of the Senate to¬ day can be afforded him by no other process than that ol impeachment. Rumors were very thick about t ne Capitol this at te rn ooo that the motion to Impeach the Vice-President would certainly be made In the House ol' Rep¬ resentatives. Tne general im pression that no movement to Ibis end can be made by the House in advance of the report of its commit¬ tee ls erroneous. The Investigation Into the Credit Mobilier being condncted with open doors, all the statements which have been made implicating Mr. Colfax and others are matierB ul common notoriety. It is therefore wilbla the province of any member of tbe House to rise in lils place, recite the allega¬ tions against Mr. Colfax, and move for Instruc¬ tions to the Judiciary committee to report articles of Impeachment. The vice-President's Fall. [From the New York Tribune, Editorial.] Unless vice-President Colfax caa break through the web of circumstantial evidence which bas gradually enfolded bim, we Bee nothing be''ore him but moral ruin. In the new aspect of the case, the question ol hie connection with ihe Credit Mobilier scandal is no longer the chief one; it ls overshadowed by another, which affects his character lor honor and veracity. The astounding develop¬ ments in the Credit Mobilier investigation, yesterday, make it necessary lor ihe vice- President to show, lt he can, lhat he has not sworn falsely. The circumstances are these: Mr. Collax denied that he bad received a cer- talo specked didldend of twelve hundred dol¬ lars on Credit Mobilier stock. Mr. Ames swore positively that he gave the vice-Presi¬ dent a check on the house sergeant-at-arms for that amount. The check, dated June 20, 1868, ls produced; it was paid June 21; Mr. Collax'* bank account ls examined and it ls lound (Italcu June 22, 1863 he deposited the precise amount of twelve hundred dollars in bank notes; and, as If to emphasize the font ol the deposit, the whole amount ol it waa «peel- fled to be nineteen hundred and slur-eight dollars and sixty-three ceoiB, of which all but twelve hundred dellars was in checks. The fatal sum Staads by Itself. We have not the heart to comment at length on this apparently utter and deplora¬ ble fall. We hope, for the sake of the pure name which Mr. Colfax has eo long borne be- lore the country-for the sake of the country Itself we hope-that he may yet be able to break down this damning wall of circumstan¬ tial evidence which has slowly encircled him. The only way of escape Is to prove that the $1200 deposited on June 22 was received from some other source '.han the agent of the Credit Mobilier Association. The vice-Presi¬ dent has too olten spoken of his accurate bu¬ siness habits, his limited Income, and his fdlthiul recollection of all details of his small private business not to make this means of escape easy, if it ls possible. He could not readily torget the disposition of twelve hundred dol¬ lars lu notes if he received them; he could Dot lorget their receipt. 8o far as we caa see now, unless Vice-president Colfax eau account lor the twelve hundred dollars deposit, the evidence must be accepted ns conclusive, and he stands before the country forsworn and dishonored; led on to false-swearing by the slender thread of a first weak, Irresolute and joged og denial. The figure which he assumes Is a" melancholy one, full ol warning and pro¬ foundly pitiful. Unless there be some door of escape In this seemingly adamantine wall of proof-for which we shall Billi hope, although the chance seems so Blight-the world ls the poorer lor this loss of one more shining ex¬ ample of public virtue. Was This Business? [From the New York Tribune-Editorial.] Senator Logan has been a great deal more fortunate than many of his comrades In the Credit Mobilier business, because he has not lied about it. But his testimony illustrates so perfectly the nature of Mr. Ames's transac¬ tions with members of Congress, and destroys BO thoroughly the pretence that these dealings were perfectly legitimate, that we must lake the liberty of still using Mr. Logan to point a moral and adorn a tale. He tells us tint, he agreed to take ten shares of Credit Mobilier stock at nar. This was in February, 1868. 'Ï paid nothing to Mr. Ames at that lime, and received no stock. On June 20 following Mr. Ames came to me and Bald this stock was entitled lo a dividend or dividends; he made a statement and gave it to me, which showed that the dividends on ihe stock no to that time paid the amount due for it and left a balance of $329; Mr. AmeB handed me a check for the amount; I had paid Mr. Ames no money, and he bad given me no stock or certifícale of stock, in other wordB, Ames gave Mr. Logan the stock and $329 besides; aud he favored the Illinois senator no more in reality than lie favored all the rest; the others went through the form of paying him part value of the Bloch, but the money was returned to them soon alterward under the name of dividends. It 1B Incredible that acy membpr of Con¬ gress should receive valuable gifts of this sort without ihe suspicion lhat they were iniended to purchase his influence. Mr. Logan cer¬ tainly was not Buch a lool as to look upon the transaction as a mere piece of legitimate busi¬ ness, for after a few days he returned both the Block and the money. A .Vij TUE'I BRIBING SENATOR. How Pomeroy Spent Ills Money and Got Defeated. Senator Pomeroy, of Kansas, was over¬ whelmingly defeated In election for United States senator in that State Wednesday. A epecla' telegram to the New York Tribune tells tue story thus: As the vote was being taken In Joint con« ventlon, Colonel York, member of the Senate from Montgomery Colin ly, when his name was called, passed up to the presiding officer seven thousand dollars which Mr. Pomeroy had given him for his vote. He then detailed the circumstances ot the transaction in a speech ot au hour's length, The effect was overwhelming. A resolution was passed by the Legislature thanking Colonel York lor his course, and John J. Ingulla was Immediately elected. For two weeks Pomeroy bsB kept a lobby here of all his "strikers" at an expense oí not lesB than fl teen hundred dollars per day, and has spent probably one hundred thous¬ and dollars In the campaign. Mr. Pomeroy has been arrested under tbe State law. Press telegrams give further particulars of the bribery as exposed in the Legisla¬ ture : Senator York detailed three alleged Inter¬ views between himself and Mr. Pomeroy. He said these Interviews were held In pur¬ suance of a plan agreed upon by himself and other prominent opponent of Mr. Pomeroy. The first one was on Friday night, when several persons were present, and during which the matter of the Rose letter was discussed. The second one was private, at the solicitation of Mr. Pomeroy, on Monday night. Ai this Mr. Pomerey offered him (Mr. York) eli;ht thousand dollars for his vote, two thous¬ and dollars In cash, five thousand dollars on Tuesdav, and the remainder on Thursday. Mr. York accepted the offer, and took $2000. On Tuesday afternoon he met Mr. Pomeroy again by agreement and received from him the $5000 promised. He then produced a roll of bank bills Irom bis pocket, and said: Here ls the $7000 paid to me by Mr. Pome¬ roy, which I now desire to place In the hands of the president of this Joint convention. At the conclusion of York's speech a vote was laken for senator. Pomeroy received-0. $90,000 Ball. TOPEKA, KANSAS, January 31. Senator Pomeroy appeared by counsel be¬ fore Judge Morton, ol the District Court, waived examination, and gave ball io the sum of $20,000 for his appearance at the June term. JOTTINGS ABOUT THE STATE. -There ls not a single prisoner In Bennetts- vllle Jail. -Mr. 8amuel Smith and others have left Abbeville en roufe fur Texas. -Tne lax receipts In Abbeville, so far, foot up forty-eight thousand, dollars. -Since me extension of the time, taxpay¬ ers are becoming lux lu Abbeville. -A. Blythe, B-q., ol Greenville, bas enter¬ ed upon his dulles us solicitor In Anderson. -Tue courthouse In Denington will proba¬ bly be ready for occupancy oy May next, -Snow ls reported on the Cberaw uud Dar¬ lington Railroad, near Harlin.lon. -The Darlingtoniann paid $.0,000 of their Indebtedness to the State. -Mr. J. M. Davis died recently at his home, near Bennettsvllle. -Mr. James 8. Stewart, of Wlnnsboro', died last week, aged sixty-five. -The mortui.iy among the colored people of Luurensvllie from meningitis is very great. -Mr. William H. Glenn, of Laurensvllle, SR- cldentally shot himself recently while visiting Newberry on business. -Extensive purchases of real estate have been mads in Union recently by gentlemen who propose building thereon. -The Stonewall tire Engine Company, ot Chester, celebrated their second anniversary last Friday In the usual happy way. -Hon. H. P. Hammett, mayor of Green¬ ville, has returned home from his Georgia lour. -Forty-eight thousand dollars has already been paid loto the Anderson treasury by prompt taxpayers. -Tbe February term ol the Lancaster Court of General SesBlono begins to-day. The com¬ mon pleas ducket Is large. -The Lancaster Ledger has no marriages to report, but declares several to be on the tapit). -Dr, James P. Boyce, formerly ol Green¬ ville, bu now living in Kentucky, is paying a flying visit lo his old homo. -Amy Fdlr, an old colored servant, resident In ihe suburos of Abbeville, died recently, aged S9. -Tue line imposed by the courts upon Wm. Hoffman, of Marlboro', for selling spirituous liquors, has been remitted. -A difficulty occurred Saturday morning on Main street, Columbia, between Mr. James Orchard and Mr. F. J. Ludetie. In which Ihe latter was stabbed in the shoulder. -Treasurer Watson, of Yorkvllle, ha9 re¬ turned to his dulles, receiving a cordial wei- come ¡rom ihe laxpayere, who throng his office night uud .lay. Mr. J. L Dow, of Granitevllle, has been arrested for malfeasance In office. He was a United Stales deputy internal revenue as¬ sessor. Miss Addle, the youngest daughter of George W. Ha nmond. Esq.,of Abbeville, was severely burned recently, out ls now recover¬ ing. -The new dwelling of Mrs. E. 8. Campbell, recently erected upon the site of the old one at Manchester, Sumter County, was burued on the 18.h ultimo. -BeuueiisvlUe intends that In future her citizens shall be law-abiding and quiet, il' severity on ihe part of her magistrates and a town marshal can effect it, -The storehouse, with all Its contents, lo¬ cated on Mr. B. Parnell's place, near Darling¬ ton, was destroyed recently by fire. Cause, Incendiary. -A bevy of young ladies left Columbia on Saturday morning, under care ot different professors, bound tor various State academies. In consequence the Columbia youth are all tears. -A frame cottage, occupied by Mr. Wm. Pickling, situated at the corner ol Plain and Barnwell streets, Columbia, was destroyed by fire early Saturday morning. Most of the con¬ tení s were saved. -A school-house used by Mr. Henry Du Bote, In the Beaver Dam Fork, Sumter Cou»- ty, was burned about a week Bioce-loss uuoiu fifty dollars to the teacher, and twenty five dollars, worth ol books lo the children. Supposed cause, Incendiary. -Tne engineers in charge of theexperlmen- lal survey ot the Greenwood and Augusta Railroad have completed their survey upon the Carolina side of the Savannah River, and are now encaged In running lines from some point near Fury's Ferry lo the City of Augusta. -Oa Friday last, Mr. T. R. Jeler, living near Saniuc, met with a very severe loss by the burning of his glnliouse and ail Its con¬ tent», consisting of a nearly new gin and gearing, fifteen bales ot cotton and a large quantity of cotton seed. The loss ls estimated ai, two thousand five hundred dollars. The fire was accidental. -Robberies and attempts at robbery are be¬ coming common lu Columbia. Oa Friday night AdJutani-General Purvis was stopped ny two colored looipads on Gervais street, near Bull, but a prompt <ise of his- pistol set the would-be robbers off-one ot them with an ounce or two of lead In his carcass. The wounded man was cared for, and proved to be a negro named Hardy. He ouly wanted "money," and eschewing the drudgery of labor, look io "the road." -Tne old homestead known as "Rising HoDe"onthe Lexington side of the Conga- ree, opposite Columbia, was burned on Thurs¬ day. This building was a two-3tory log structure, plastered and weather-boarded, the nails used In Its construotlon being the old style "wrought." It ls believed to have been built more than a century ago. The property hus been in possession ol ihe Gulguard family for a long period, and ls now owned by Mrs. H. H. May rant Mr. J. J. Richardson and his two sisters, who occupied the house, saved bul little ol their clothing or furniture. -Tue stockholders of the Wlnnsboro' Na¬ tional Bank have elected W. R Robertson, Joh ii B. Palmer, J. Ell Gregg, James H. Rion, J. B. McCants, J. M. Rutland, H. L. Elliott, G. H. McMasier, James Beaty and D. R. Flannl- ken directors. The directors elected the fol¬ lowing officers: W. R. Robertson, president; G. H. McMaster, vice-president; S. B. Clowney, cashier. Operations will begin as Boon as practicable. The bank will be operated at present upon $60,000, with the privilege of ex¬ tending the caplial stock to $200,000. NEW YORK BANK STATEMENT. NEW YORK, February 1. The bank statement shows a loan increase of four and three-quarter millions; Bpecle de¬ crease o e and tnree-quarier million; legal tenders decrease one-elgnth of a million; de¬ posits increase three-eighths of a million. NOTES FROM NEW TOES. THE FALL OF COLFAX-A SENSATION AMONG TBE RIGHTEOUS. A Sanctimonious Metal Importing Home Loira Ila Character for Moral¬ ity-Poisoned Mea t-The Sawdust Swindlers-Feigned Arrests by the Po¬ lice-Heading One's Own Obituary- Rumors About Bennett, Jnnlor. [FROM OCR OWN CORRESPONDENT.] NEW YORK, January 30. Even the Times has abandoned the defence of Schuyler Colfax, and be stands condemned before the tribunal ol the whole world as a dishonored man. His fate has been terrible. His friends are dumb. In Sunday-School cir¬ cles here there ls astonishment as well as grief, for Colfax bas been the model constant¬ ly exposed to the youth for emulation in all things. There has been equal amazement In the same quarters at the revelations about the great house of Phelps, Dodge & Co. There ls no concealment now that the charge made against the firm by the government is that lt has been In the habit of using double Invoices on Its Imported goods. The loweBt priced being for service at the customhouse, and the other the basis for sales to customers. The amount the gov¬ ernment has been deprived of by this system of false entries is estimated at two millions of dollars. It ls reported from Washington lhat the treasury department bas compromised for $260.000. Whether this is true or not, the affair has been a serious blow to the reputa¬ tion of the house. Hr. Dodge, one of the firm, Is president of the Young Men's Chris¬ tian Association ot this city, and is foremost In all religious and reformatory movements. He ls likewise an ardent Radical ls politics, and was a candidate for Congress in 1865, against James Brooke. Brooks was eleoted, but a Radical House of Representatives turned him out of his seat and voted Dodge Into lt. There ls an alarm In thia city about "poisoned meat." The story ls that thousands of rotten or scrofulous sheep are being sent here from the West, butchered hastily In the slaughter-bouses, and served to consumers. Consequently there is as great an abhorrence of mutton prevailing at present as there was of pork a few years ago wnen the exaggerated repone about trichina abounded. The "sawdust swindlers" are enjoying a temporary triumph over the authorities In consequence of the recent discharge of some of their number and ihe reprimand adminis¬ tered lo the police by Justice Scott, of the Third District Police Court. Ihe "sawdust swindlers," you may have heard, are the gen¬ tlemen who flood the country with cir¬ culars, offering to sell counterfeit money. Some Idea of the gullibility as well as inherent dishonesty of a large num¬ ber of our fellow-AmericaoB may be gathered from the fact that over fifty of these swindling concerns are driving a flourishing business In New York. Of course the victim receives no counterfeit money for the good money he sends. The swindler ls too cun¬ ning to get himself Into trouble by uttering counterfeit bills. Ii he sends anything In re¬ sponse lt Is a box* filled with sawdust, for which be gels an express company's receipt. If the victim complains in person the swind¬ ler flourishes the receipt In his face and In¬ sinuâtes thal the contents of the box has been changed by the express company's servants. He knows that no victim will dare lo have him arrested for failing to supply counterfeit bills according to contract. A few dais ago the police made a descent on some of these sawdust swindlers and car¬ ried them off to the Tombs. When the swin¬ dlers were arraigned before Justice Scott the police were únanle to produce complainants against them. Scott let them go and berated ihe policemen for making the arrests. The next day Mayor Havemeyer wrote a severe letter to Justice Scott, accusing bim of en¬ couraging vice, and disheartening the police in their efforts to break up a nefarious busi¬ ness. He said he was overwhelmed wlih let- tere from the South and West complaining of tbe swindlers. Justice Scott has aluce been interviewed by the indefatigable reporters, and his statement, if correct, pule a uiff-rent face on tbe matter. He says that the police kept these wealthy swindlers twenty-four hours before taking them betöre a Justice, and theo were únanle or unwilling to produce any de¬ finite evidence against them. He Intimates very broadly thal the arrests were made only for the purpose of extorting money from the swindlers, who, being squeezed dry, were "let up" by the police. He says that the police authorities know the local inn of every gamb¬ ling place, every swindling gift enterprise, and every sawdust agency in New York, and have but to issue the order "shut up," and every one of them will close Instantly. That they are open and doing business ls evidence, he lasists. that for some reason they are tole¬ rated by the police. A pretty "reform gov¬ ernment" we ure living under, then. Ex-Mayor Kalbfleisch, of Brooklyn, has Just eoji yed ihe rare privilege of reading his own obituary in the Herald. He was supposed to be at the point ol death, and the enterprising manager of lhat paper had bim written up In haste. As Boon aa a report reached the office that the mayor was cone, the obituary was ordered in. The subject ol it was astonished and flattered, of course, at the appearance of ihe Herald the next morning, for his virtues were set lorth in glowing terms. He began to mend forthwith, and waa on the street to¬ day swearing that he will run for mayor again at the next election, like the "sturdy old Dutchman" he ls. He ls about sixty-five, years old, worth four millions of dollars, and has a law case pending with a dressmaker, who has sued him for breach of promise of marriage-damages one hundred thousand dollars. Writing of the Herald reminds me that a rumor ls circulated in Printing House Square lhat young Bennett ls aboutto start h great journal in London "on the American plan." Bennett Junior ls not overburdened with wits, but he tas too many for any euch fool¬ ishness as that. By-the-way the sun la bawl¬ ing for him to return home, and take care ot his paper here, and threatens fearful expos¬ ures ll something ls not done about lt at once. NTSÍ. A PINCBB A. CK JUDGE. NEW ORLEANS, February 1. The Stale Supreme Court, In the case of J Morton vs. Kennard, confirmed the decision nt the lower couria In favor ot the plaintiff. Kennard was appointed Just ce of the Supreme Court by Warmotb, and served several weeks. Morgan was subsequently appointed by Pinch- back, and the court held-confirmed by the senate of the State of Louisiana, composed of persons returned as elected by the returning officers, recognized by this courl-to be the legal returning officers ot the late electloo. Ludellng rendered a lengthy opinion, Howell concurring, reserving the right to file reasons. Wyly dissented. Kennard retired, and Mor¬ gan presented his commission this morning and took his seat as associate Justice. TBE STOKES CASE. NEW YORK, February 1. The counsel in the Stokes case, in the event of failure to obtain an order for a new trial from Judge Boardman, will apply for a stay of proceedings, and thereby secure a review oí the case by a full bench of the Supreme Court, and on failure there, will go to the Court ot Appeals._ TBE IfBARTON TRIAL. ANNAPOLIS, February 1. After twenty-two days ot laborious trial, the case of Mrs. Wharton for the attempted poi¬ soning of Mr. Yan Ness was finally submitted to the Jury yesterday ofiernoon. At half-past two o'clock to day the Wharton Jury reported that they were unable to agree, and asked io be discharged. The Judge retused to discharge them. SBNDAT NIGHT.-The Jury ls still out. FRANKING PRIVILEGE REPEALED. WASHINGTON, January 31. The President bas signed the bill repealing the lranking privilege. The departments are moving for an appropriation to cover postage expense. NEWS FROH WASHINGTON. WASHINGTON, February 1. The President a few dajs since received a formal application for the recognition of the Southern States by an appointment to the Cabinet, accompanied by a recommendation, ibiu be snail select Senator foote, ul Norm Carolina, for the position. The recommenda- Hon was signed by nearly all the Republican members from the South, except those from South Carolina, who are urging Senator Saw* yer for a similar promotion, and the Virgin¬ ians, who have pronounced a decided prefer¬ ence tor Judge Hughes. According to uotice given in the Senate yesterday, an effort wilt be made on Wednes¬ day to bring up the House bili for the repeal of the bankrupt act. The attempt will hardly prove successful, but, even if the subject Is brought before the Senate, about the only aciion that will be taken will be to amend the law by striking out the involuntary bankrupt¬ cy provision. The colton tax clalmB have nearly all been passed upon by the commissioners of Internal revenue. Upon this action payment ls made after going through the proper accounting officers of the treasury department. About $3u0,000 will settle ihe whole of these claims. Stewart, the contumacious Credit Mobilier witness, is confined In a prison cell of the cap¬ itol, near the crypt, and no one ls allowed to visit bim except on a card Issued by the ser- geant-at-arms; but he bas an abundance of company, for the card Is never refused. The committee of ways and means yester¬ day, all the members being present, consider¬ ed the bill Introduced by Mr. Beck for tbe re¬ funding of the cotton lax. After full discus¬ sion, an amendment was adopted limiting the tax to be refunded to the amount of cotton actually exported. Subsequently, however, the bill and amendment were both rejected, and by a vote of six to three an adverse re¬ port was decided to be made. There will be no minority report In the case, but lt was agreed that a discussion should be permitted when the adverse report shall be presented to the House. DEA TH OF COMMODORE MA URT. RICHMOND, YA., February L Commodore Mathew Fontaln Maury, Ameri¬ can hydrographer and naval officer, died at Lexington, Ya., at one o'clock to-day. He was the author ot -'Letters on the Amazon and Atlantic Slopes ol South America, " "Re¬ lation between Magnetism and the Circula¬ tion of the Atmosphere." "Astronomical Ob¬ servations," "Physical Geography of the Sea." dbe. During the late war he was an officer In the Confederate navy, and at the time of his deal h was professor of physical science at the Virginia Military Institute. He was aged sixty-seven years. WHAT TWEED SATS OF HIS TRIAL. NEW Yonx, February L Tweed last evening said his trial was merely a political one, and that tr. ey would never get a Jury to convict him. He was tired of the business. The prosecuting lawyers claim that the Jury Wis packed. The Jurors refused to reveal what occurred la the jury room. THE FLORIDA 8ENATOR. TALLAHASSEE, January 31. S. B. Conover, Bepuoilcan, was elected United States Benator to-day on the fifth bal¬ lot by 43 votes, twenty-seven Democrats voting with the Republicans. Both houses adjourned until Monday. SPARKS FROM THE WIRES. -The postofflce authorities of Boston have taken possession of the old South Church. -The government will sell a million and a half of gold, each Tuesday, and buy one mil¬ lion of bonds, each Wednesday, In February. -One hundred thousand dollars worth of properly bas been burned at Jackson, Ten¬ nessee, embracing the business portion of the town. SOUTH POLAR EXPLORATION. There appears to be a rivalry springing up between ihe Norih Pole and ihe Souib as to which can tffer the greatest attractions to explorers. Huberto the North Pole has been the most popular, partly because lt ls the nearest to those nations from which the ex¬ plorers come, and there are at present no fewer than seven expeditions in the Arctic regióos endeavoring lo suive the mystery of the great Polar Sea. Of these, one ls French, one American, one Austrian, one Prussian, two Norwegians and one Russian. It will be noticed that England bas withdrawn frum Lhls Held of exploración, wherein her navi¬ gators have distinguished themselves from me days ol Cabot, Baffin, Davis and Scoresby down to those of Franklin, McClure and Mc¬ clintock. She bas now turned her attention to the Antarctic reg ona which are accessible In direct lines from four of her colonies, viz : the Cape ol Good Hope, Australia, New Zea¬ land and the Falkland Isiands. Sue has char¬ tered ihe Challenger, a vessel of 1400 loos, and titted out for a ibree years' voyage ot explora¬ tion and deep sea soundings, under the direc¬ tion of competent scientific men; and ni Len¬ non will first be given to ihe Southern Pacido Ocean. This vast portion ol the earth's sur¬ face has not been investigated aa lt ought to have been. The Spanish and Portuguese ex¬ plorers sailed through the Straits ol Magellan in the fifteenth century, but they seem lo have considered that far enough south, or else to have thought that the best thing ibey could do would be m get to India as soon as possible, and so they ateered In that direction north¬ west, accidentally discovering island afier island on the way. Thus lt happened that until the year 1616, when the Dutch navigator Van Schou¬ ten discovered Cape Hjrn, and gave lt its present name, no one bad ventured further south; but when he led the way others fol¬ lowed, and lt was soon lound that the then prevalent idea ol geographers that the Ant¬ arctic regions were occupied by a vast ice¬ bound continent, was not wholly without foundation. Tasman, Dampier, Cook, and other navigators, visited these regions, but, ihough they discovered Australia, New Zea¬ land, Van Dieman's Land, and other isl¬ ands, they did not contribute much to the world's knowledge of the South polar circle. It was not until the present century that any material progress was made. In 1819 a Bri¬ tish brig discovered the Islands now known as Palmer's Land and the South Orkneys. Aller that they were frequently visited by whaler?. In the same year (1819) the Russian government sent out an expedition under Captains Lazaren and Beinghausen, and hose Intrepid explorers almost circumnavi¬ gated the South Pole at an average distance ot thirty degrees, and examined a portion of the polar circle. -They also discovered the first conlinental land there, and named lt Alexander Lind. Thia appeared to be a cape belonging to a large continent; lt was com¬ pletely locked In ice. From that time up to 1840. several American, French and English expeditions were sent out lo these regions, which ascertained that there existed within the south polar circle a vast continent. Lleu- terant Wilkes, of the United Slates navy, sailed more than fifteen hundred miles along¬ side of a wall ol Ice from one hundred and fifty to two hundred feet high, beyond which, at many points, rose high, mountainous land. In 1842, Slr James Ross discovered South Vic¬ toria Land, whereon was a lofty volcano twelve thousand feet In* height, now known as Mount Erebus; but bis further progress was checked by an Immense continuous wall o ice, above which could be seen in the far ( 1 <- lance mountain peaks of great height, cov¬ ered with ice. It is one ol me singularities ot thia portion of the earth's eurface, containing an area double that of Europe, that lt exhibits no signs of animal, marine or vegetable life. In the sea Itself lite seems extinct, unless the deep soundings shall reveal some at the bot¬ tom of the ocean. Rut lt appears from the soundings taken by Sir James Ross, that the Antarctic seas are generally shallow, compara¬ tively speaking. The depth rarely exceeded lour hundred fathoms, or twenty-four hundred feet (not half a mlle,) and lt was ordinarily only from two hundred to three hundred fath¬ oms, while in some spots in the Atlantic Ocean the depth ls fifteen thousand feet. At one point off the coaBt ot Brazil, Slr James Ross failed to toncb ground at a depth of twenty-seven thousand feet, or five and a bait miles, and at one spot In the Antarctic Ocean he failed at twenty-four thousand. A VIRGINIA TRIUMPH. COMPLETION OF THE CHESAPEAKE AND OHIO KAI LEO AD. The Waters of th« Ohio United With Thoae of the Atlantic-HU tory of th« Enterprise, Tbe Chesapeake and Oblo Railroad has been finished. Tbe first train lrom Eicbmond reached the banks of the Ohio on Wednesday last, and on Saturday the first train eastward over ihe road, through from the Ohio Elver, arrived in Richmond, bringing about fllty pas« seDgers, mostly West Virginians, and tour loads of cannel coal, the first of the kind ever received In that city. Thus there ls another through line from the Atlantic to the Weat, making the fifth connecting line reaching from the seaboard lo ihe Western system, or at least Its waters. Richmond ls in high spirits over the event, and ls making arrangements for a grand celebration, which will probably em* brace an excursion to the Ohio and return, bringing large delegations from Western cities to participate ID the order of ceremonies in the capital of the Old Dominion. The fact that there are so few "through lines," compared to the expansion ot the rail- roads In the Mississippi Valley, ls owing to the ' greater difficulty and cost of construction, arising from the rugged, intervening eleva¬ tion of tbe Alignantes. The Baltimore and .Ohio Railroad hus the honor of leading the way in crossing the American Alps, a victory of peace nobler than Hannibal or Napoleon ever achieved. Since that lime the surplus produce ol the Western States has grown to such dimensions that existing railroads-the Pennsylvania notably among tbe most Im¬ portant-and the Erle Canal are scarcely able to accommodate the freight. The producer in the West and the consumer In the East most both gain by the construction of a new line possessing all the elementa for oheap trana- poi tallou. Io 1836 the Louisa Railroad was Incorpo¬ rated by the Virginia Legislature, Intended to pass by or near Louisa Courthouse to a point near the eastern base of the Southwest Moon* fains, and thence to a point In the Valley of Virginia. Afterwards the scheme was extend¬ ed, and the name was changed to the Vir¬ ginia Central. The original capital stock of. the company was gradually i o creaned by acta of the Legislature as the extension of the road demanded until lt bas reached the sam of $13 600,000. Its maximum authorised cap¬ ital ts $30,000,000. The road was completed to Louisa Courthouse In about 1840, to Oordons- v lil J a lew years later, to Staunton In 1867, and to Covington In 1860. There, when the war overtook it, lt was awaiting toe comple¬ tion of the Covington and Ohio Railroad, which was being rapidly pushed by the State. At the conclusion of the war the Virglu a Central Railroad was left a complete wreck. All of Its bridges and most oí its depot build¬ ings were destroyed, much of Ita trsck torn wp, and that which remained in snob condi¬ tion that lt was unsafe io run over lt a train of cars; Us engines, coaches and cars worn out. and Us treasury utterly depleted; the prospect seemed indeed gloomy. The super¬ intendent says that they had "leas than one hundred dollars In the treasury, and only twenty miles of road available for producing revenue.'' In September, 1868, the Legislature granted a charter to toe Cnesapeake and Ohio Com- panv, tbe Covington and Ohio and the Cen¬ tral having been previously consolidated, and, in 1869. a proposition of Huntington A Go., ef New Tork, was accepted, under which the work has been extended to the Ohio, the length ot the Une to tbe northwestern boonda- ' ry ol the State ot Kentucky being lour hon- dred and twenty-seven miles. Half of thia great raliway has been constructed In len than three years. There ore seven miles and about one-third of tunnels on the road. Tbe road strikes the Ohio at a point further weat than any other, and, aa we have before stated, it ls proposed that Us eastern terminus shall not remain at Richmond, but be extended to Newport News, on the James Elver, near Hampton Roads, with a branch at Yorktown, on the York River, the company desiring to be able to transfer the freight to the largest European and coastwise sailing and steam vessels. The cost of the work ls stated at up¬ wards of $36,000,000. A MONSTER OF THE DEEP. A Hage Sea Serpent Visita Tybee. A telegram was published a few days since stating that ooe of the oceen steamers of a New York line, on Its last return voyage, en¬ countered two Immense Bea serpents, whloh were distinctly seen by the officers and pas¬ sengers. One was colled up, apparently asleep, and the other was Idly fl ming on the water. The Savannah News, referring io this incident, says: What will be thought when lt ls known that one of these strange monsters of the deep baa been seen at tbe very mouth of oar river ? Many of our readers may shrug their shoul¬ ders Incredulously at this announcement, but we can assure them that we have no reason to doubt our iDlormatlon. We had heard of this mammoth tea serpent having been seen In the vicinity of Tybee about two weeks ago, but refrained from Baying anything about it until we could get more satisfactory Informa¬ tion. This we now have, and shall proceed to give lt lor the benefit ol our readers: On Lhe last trip of the steamship Hunsvllle, from New York to this port, thia serpent waa twice eeen, once at night and the other lime by daylight, by several ol the offl- crs and passengers. The monster la described as being nearly forty feet in length, with a head somewhat resembling an alliga¬ tor, and very large, glowing eyes. It waa floating upon the water, and at times would raise Its head above the surface, thus giving all a full view of Us proportions. Borne who Baw the monster suggested it waa a whale, but the mate of the steamer, Mr. Craw, wbo is au old whaleman, stated that lt was entirely différent In shape and appearance from a whale, and the only presumption left was that lt was one'of those often heard of, but seldom seen, denizens of the vasty deep-a sea-ser¬ pent. The old seamen acknowledged lt waa ihe most singular, as well as the largest inhab¬ itant of the sea they bad ever beheld In all their tripp, and the sight furnishes a topic ot gene¬ ral conversation for them. We do not re¬ member now of ever having heard of serpenta of thia kind being seen on this side ot the ocean before. Ia Webster's unabridged we find three definitions ot the term "sea ser¬ pent:" 1. A serpent-like animal of great size, supposed lo dwell in the sea; now com¬ monly reckoned as fabulous. 2. A kind of eel found in the Mediterranean. 3. Tne hydras stokes!), a large marine serpent found In tbe Australian seas. To this latter genus, we suppose, the one seen at Tybee belongs, but to what cause ls due the undertaking by bia serpentine majesty of such a long Journey lae mystery, _ -Lydia Sherman ls said to be reviewing her recent conlessloD, In order to work In a few more dead bodies that she entirely forgot about belore. _The Qerman admiralty have decided to. build DO more large lron-clads at present, bnt to strengthen the coast deiences by monitors and torpedoes. -Thoa. O. Boyd bas been sentenced at Knoxville, Tenn., to Imprlsonmeat for five years and a fine of $6000 for the perpetration of pension irauds. -The Harrisburg, Pa., State Senate have adopted a resolution Instructing the United Mates senators from that State to vote against either the purchase or control of the telegraph by the government. -The Tribune stockholders have decided to tear down the Tribune building In May next, and erect a new bulldlog, of suoh dimensions, ii ls said, as to rival, lt not eclipse, any other devoted to Journalism lo the country, at an estimated cost of two hundred and fifty thous¬ and dollars. -England had an enormous loreign trace last year, the aggregate b-lBe $3,046,690.000. The Imports were $1,766,680,000, and me ex¬ ports $1,279,810.000. In both these Items lhere was an Increase over tbe trade ox un, the aggregate Increase being nearly two hun¬ dred and Beventy-elght ml of dol ara. England stands at the head ol ^rnmercl»! °a- Hons, her trade far exceeding In volume that of any other country.

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Page 1: VOLUME TRIUMPH. THE TAX QUESTION AGAIN. IS COLFAX A … · 2017-12-16 · for the tax, the collection of which wasto bave cegun onthe 15th of November, 1872. The collection ol the

VOLUME X.-NUMBER 2200. EIGHT DOLLARS A YEAR.

THE TAX QUESTION AGAIN.SHALL THE TAXES FOR 1873- 4 BE

LEVIED NOW ORNEXT WINTER ?

Special County Taxe«-New Bills intro¬

duced.

[FSOil OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT.]COLUMBIA, S. C., February I.

Toe subject of the taxes for next year or thefiscal year commencing November 1, 1873, lsnow seriously occupying the attention of thefinancial committees of the General Assemblyand of the Slate officers, the principal ques¬tion being as to whether the levy tor thc tax

shèuTbe made at thlssesslor. ot the Asjemblyor postponed until the beginüng ot the next

session. As the law now stands, the collec¬tion of the annual tax begins on the 15th ofNovember, and as the Legiidature does not

convene until the latter part cf November, lt

bas been the custom to have '.he tax leviedat the session of the year precedingthe year for which the lax ls levied. Thiswas done last year, the levy havingbeen made at tbe session uf 1871-2for the tax, the collection of which was tobave cegun on the 15th of November, 1872.The collection ol the laxes under that levywas, however, enjoined by Judge Melton, andlt th is oecame necessary for me Legislatureat this Bession lo make a new levy ot taxes.

Now lt is proposed to make the levy ol thetaxes, which will begin to be collected nextNovember; but this Deposition Is opposed bysome ol the members of the committees, andby the State officers. The arguments In Jt»vorof levying the lax at this session ot the Leg¬islature are, first, the very obvious one that,unless the levy be made now, the collectioncannot commence on the 15th of November,and as the penalty attaches by law ou me

15th ot January, the time for the people lo

pay the tax will be unjustly abridged; second,that If the levy be made now, it cannot andwill not include any levy of tax js for intereston the public debt because the debt liasnot yet been investigated, and the Stale Gov¬ernment stands pledged not to poy the interestuntil lt be thoroughly Bitted, and thai lithe levybe postponed until next session the bond hold¬ing Interest will manage to have smuggledinto it a tax for the Interest. Tne argumentson the other side are as follows First, thosewho desire to postpone the levy say that, asfar as the time for collection ls concerned,that time might be. changed so that the col¬lections should commence on the first of Jan¬uary and the penalty begin to Attach on ihefirst of March. As to the Interest on thebonds they say that the first act ot the Legis¬lature upon reassembling would te to makethe levy ot taxes, and that if any investiga¬tion cf the bonds be made it is not likely thatthe report will be made in lime to get tuelevy for Interest included. Their third argu¬ment, however, ls toe strongest one. and ltls that the Assembly had better walt untilthey see wbeiber tbere will not be a de¬

ficiency left over from this year be¬fore they fix the tax levy for next

¡rear. By the constitution a tax cannot beevled io» the deficiency of any oilier yearexcept the one immediately preceding theyear for which the tax is levied. Tiros, Ifthere is to be a deficiency from the presentfiscal yeal ot I872-73, the tax to meet ibat de¬ficiency jan only be levied with Ihe lax ot thenext fiscal year of 1873-74, nnd they say thatlt ls almost certain that lhere will beau Itn-

Sortant deficiency left over from this year,bey account for this expected deficiency by

saying that the State lax lor 1872-73 anion nt-ed lo twelve mills- on the dollar, only fivemills were for the State expenses ol this year;that this tax of five mills 13 oul.v expected toraise about seven hundred and illly thousanddollars, and that the general expeuses of meState lor this year will amount', os ls shownby the general appropriation bill now be¬fore the Assembly, to upward of eighthundred thousand dollars, leaving a de¬

ficiency of at least from Atty tnousanddollars to one hundred thousand dol¬lars, which will have to bu providedfor In the tax levy now in question. Ttieselatter arguments will, lt ls beik-ved, ¡Tove ef¬fectual, and the probability Is mat th« levywlll be postponed until next winter's sessionof the Assembly, but In ibis case lt ls evidentthat-the Legislature ought, In simple Justice,change the time of the collection bl 1 >xesirom the 15th ot November io the tlrtt of Jan¬uary, and this change ought to be made be¬fore the dose of the'preseut cession.

SPECIAL OOUX'.fT TAXES.

Ïhere have been during the present sessionumber of resolutions proposing special

taxes ia the various counties. One ol' theseresolutions, proposing a tax of two mills inKershaw County, has alreudy parsed und be¬come a law, but the finance committee ol thcSenate have gathered up nil Ute resi of theresolutions and incorporated tb*-m in au omni¬bus bili entitled "a bill lo authorize countycom missioners ol certain counties to levy andcollect an additional tax for certain purposes."This bill prescribes the following special taxesIn the respective counties named:

MarionCouuty.3 mills.Orangeourg County.3 mills.BlchlaodCounty.1j mills.Lancaster County.2 mills.NewberryCounty.2 mills.HorryCounty.2 mills.Williamsburg County.2 mills.

The taxes thus provu ed for ure to be de¬voted exclusively to thc payment ot the pastdue Indebtedness of the connues In the casesof Marion, Orangeburg, Richland, Lancasterand Newberry Counties. In Hie case of HorryCounty the tax is tor repairing bridges andpaying the past due Indebteieuejs, and lu thecase of Williamsburg County the tax is to paythe indebtedness caused by the building ot a

Jail in that county.WOMAN SUFFRAGE AGAIN'.

There ls an enterprising association, withheadquarters at Boston, known us the Ameri¬can Woman Suffrage Assoc ation, which comesbefore the Legislature of this, us weil as theother Stales, aoout once a year, with a longmemorial begging for a constitutional amend¬ment "to abolish hereat ter all political dis-tlnciions on account of sex." The inevitablememorial has turned up again, signed by fourpersons whose names lurulab a very fair Indexto the character otthe association. The signersare Thomas Wentworth Higginson, the poeti¬cal, long-haired ex-coionel of a Massachusettsregiment of colored troops v. ho fought nobly,"Luoy 8tone," as she chooses to elga herself,whose name is followed obsequiously by thatof Henry B. Blackwell, who ls the hu.-band ol"Lucy Stone," and Mary Grew, a black-eyed,energetic Utile lady, from Philadelphia, withmore snap and enterprise than a whole reel-nSrot of Colonel Higglnsons. This merni rialhas been presented in both houses, and a

special Joint committee ls about to be ap¬pointed to consider the memorial. Just as wasdone last year, and this of course will be theend of IL

AN IRON SMELTING ENTERPRISE.

Senator Jamison yesterday introduced a

bill with the rather deceptive title ol **A billto aid and encourage manufactures," whichproposes lo Incorporate Messrs. F. A. Bab¬cock, Wilbur Johnston, A. T. Peete, E. Don¬aldson, and others, SB a company for thesmelting of iron ore and manufucturicg ofiron in this State, and provides that a sum olmoney equal to the aggregate amount ofState, county and municipal taxes collectedupon the property or capital employed or In¬vested strictly In euch manufactures shall bereturned them annually, for ten years afterthe commencement of the businesp.

A <JRAND SOUTHERN HOTEL.A bill waa introduced, yesterday, in the

Senate to incorporate "The Grand SouthernHotel and Transfer Companvof Columbia, S.C." The ^corporators named are Hardy Sol¬omon, Josephus Woodruff, S. L. Ho«e, LCass Carpenter, LeGrand Benedict, Ê. HBaldwin and David Epstln;the business of thecompany Is defined to be ihe construction andfurnishing buildings and conducting the busi¬ness of hotel keeping, and of transferringcarrying and delivering passengers, bn""a«ëand freight ol all kinds, and the usual righfs,powers and privileges are granted to the com¬

pany.A CHECK ON THE TREASURER.

Representative Dannerly yesterday intro¬duced a Joint resolution to provide tor iheauditing by the comptroller-general of allclaims against the State. It provides that allclaims against the State now due or whichmay become due, except pay certificates ofthe General Assembly, salaries and Stateponda, stocks or coupons shall be audited and«4.

'

allowed by the comptroller-general, and shallhave (tie words ' audited and allowed" «rit¬te uncross the face ot the claim, and signedby the comptroller-general before they shallbe paid by the State treasurer. The comptrol¬ler-general is a so required to en'er in a bookto be kepi for the purpose, a brief and clearstatement ot the circumstances ol each claimdisallowed by him, and the State treasurer lsrt quired lo pay all claims In the order Inwhich they are audited. Any violation of theresolutiou by either of these officers is de¬clared a misdemeanor, and made punishableby tine or imprisonment in the discretion oftbe court.

THU APPRENTICES' LIBRARY.Senator Jervey ihia morning introduced In

the Senate a bill, which has already been in¬troduced in the House, to revive andamend the charter of the Apprentices'Library Society of Charleston, which pro¬vides that Ihe said charter be revived and ex¬

tended, with all the righlP, privileges, proper¬ties and powers liereiolore granted und en-

Joyed, and thal the name ot eaid society bechanged io the "Apprentices' and Minors'Library Society."

THE PENITENTIARY GROUNDS.Senator Whittemoie today introduced a

Joint resolution to provide for the purchase bythe Stuie of a lot of land for the use of theSlate penitentiary, the preamble to which re¬cites mat the life estate of Paul BoÜU In oneacre of land, const hiting the northwesternquarter section cf the penitentiary grounds,which was purchased by the State, bas termi¬nated by the death of the said lite tenant, andthe estate in remainder therein bas passed tothe heirs of the said Paul Boflil, and that lt isdesirable that title therein In tee shall be se¬cured to the Stale by purchase. The resolu¬tion, therefore, provides for the appeintmentot Ave arbitrators, two lo be appointed by theGovernor, two by Ihe heirs, and these lour toappoint the flub, that these arbitrators shalldetermine upon a valuation ot the said landand repoit to ihe comptroller-general, andupon the delivery to the secretary of State ofa warranty deed ol the said lot In fee simpleto lb» Slate, that the comptroller-generalshall draw his warrant for the payment of Iheamount determined by the arbitration out ofthe civil contingent lund.

PRAYER FOR RELIEF.Senator Jervey to-day presented a msmo-

rltil signed by Messrs. William Aiken, RobertAdger, William C. Bee and others, showlDgttat they have paid the direct tax levied byCongress, and pratt log relief, and lt was re¬ferred lo the committee on finance. The me¬morial shows that a lax oí three hundred andsixty-three thousand rive hundred aud seventyand two thirds dollars ($363,5701) was laidupon the State oí South Carolina, being Itsproportion ol $20,000,000 laid on the UnitedStales, and that the penalty of fifty per cent,provided for by subsequent acts created a Lenon the property vestiog title in the UnitedStales, or the purchase thereof. It ls also setlorin that at the time of ihe passage of theact the authority ol the United States wassubverted in this State, and afterwards, In No¬vember, 1861. was re-established in a smallsection, and the levy of the tax was madeas far as possible, and many estateopoid at nominal prices because theowners could not pay ihe laxes; that in1865 Uulted Stales authority was establishedin Charleston and the seaboard and the samelien was extended. The memorialists holdthat the whole amount ol tax and penalty wascollected from a comparatively small numberol Hie citizens; that they were not voluntarilypat J ; that their property was seized and heldbr agents ol the United Stales, and restoredonly upon the producion of a certificate thatthe tux and penally had been paid. They,therefore, ask the same treatment that wouldbe given betöre the coarte of the State, be¬tween two individuals, claiming that theyhave paid the whole debt of the Stale, andwould be well content to have their claim torelief tried and adjudged by the couria ol theState. They state lhat if, at the lime this laxwus laid, the United Slates had not been In¬terrupted and entirely suspended In SouthCarolina, lt peace bad prevailed, the .portionof the tax of this State would have beendoubtless paid by the State treasury, Insteadof directly by the property-holders, suchbeing the custom la all Slates. Thememorialists submit that there Is noîeasou why this should not be done,and that there is every possible reason whyll should be. They claim to be In the positionof having been compelled to advance and paya public debt at a time of ure.it distress. Theydo not deny ihe lawfulness or validity ol thedebt paid, but hold their claim to relief to beequally undeniable, knowing meantime thatthe condition of the Slate treasury will notludulge the hope of direct payment therefrom.The petitioners say "they have waited for sev¬eral years la the hopes of its more prosperouscondition (ihus far in vain) and a more pro¬pitious opportunity, and hope and irust thethe latter is now open lo them, and ask thatthey may be referred to some proper tribunalwhere they may prove what sums they haveadvanced, and tue respective amounts withinterest may be refunded to them la certifi¬cates receivable ia payment of taxes, one-third thereof at once, one-third in one year,and the other third In two years, and ii therebe any doubt of ihe lawfulness ol the claim torefer the matter io the courts, and thereupon,if payment be allowed, lt be so ordered by theGeneral Assembly. PICKET.

BEYOND THE BRINE.

BERLIN, February LA posse or Russian douaniers, or cu-tom-

houee officers, cro-sed the river Brlnaiiza, Inthe province of Upper Silesia, and destroyedihe weir, or dam, bulli in the river fur con¬

ducting the fisb to Kuna Mill. This arbitraryproceeding belDg resented by the Prussiansresiding there, the Russian officer In charge olihe customhouse ceiachmenl tired and Killed acivilian. This outrage aroused the inhabit¬ants lo a great pitch of excitement, and thegovernment was fully informed ot the affilr.Priuco Bisnmrck hus addressed a peremptoryucie lo the Russian authorities demanding aainstant explanation of the outrage.

MADRID, February 1.The bill introduced In the Spanish Cortes

providing lor the emancipation oí the slaveson the Island ol Porto Rico provides that acommission shall be.appolnted, selected Jointlyby the siuve-owners and the government, .

whose duty lt shall be to ascertain and reportas to the value of all slaves upon the Island.When ¡his ls accomplished, the owners shallbe paid eighty per cent, of the estimated valuecf the slaves owned by them, and one-halt ofthis amount shall be borne by the SpanishGovernment and ihe other half by the localgovernment of Porto Rico. It ls believed thatthis measure or one similar in terms will bepassed by the Cortes. In the matterot theabolition of slavery on the Island of Cuba, theSpanish Government will do uoihing towardinlfilling its promises to the United StatesGovernment until the insurrection on theisland ls completely subdued.

LONDON, February 1.A destructive fire broke out last night ia

ihe Royal Military Academy at Woolwich,which raged for Beveral hours. The flameswere flr&t discovered io the central portion ofthe Academy, to which they were confined,but beiore the conflagration was subdued iheextensive library ol the establishment, to¬

gether with ihe greater part of the clocktower, were destroyed. Great excitementprevailed, and fur a lime it was teared thatthe whole si niel ure would be consumed.Troops from the barracks were immediatelysummoned, and ihe fire was finally broughtunder control and extinguished. The loss lsnot slated.

TUE WEATHER THIS DAY.

WASHINGTON. February 2.Probabiiilití?: For ihe New England States

winds veering to southwesterly, and probablysoutheasterly, with rising temperaiure, andpartly cloudy weal her. For the Middle Staleswinds backing fresh and brisk southerly andeasterly, rising temperature, and generally in¬

creasing cloudiness lrom the Ohio Valley andMissouri to Lake Erle and upper lakes, tailingbarometer, decided rise of lemperature, freshto brisk, and probably very brisk, easterly andsouthwesterly wind?, and very generallycloudy and possibly threatening weather.For the South Atlantic States light to lresheasterly and southeily windp, higher temper¬ature, and generally cloudy weather. For theGuli Suites, east ol'the Mississippi River, andTennessee and Kentucky, lalling barometer,rising temperature, fresh easterly and south¬erly winds, and very generally cloudy andpossibly threatening weather; but afternoontelegraphic reports trom western Gulf SlateBand Kansas, and a portion ot those lrom Can¬ada, Michigan, and the extreme Northwest,,have uot yet beeu received.

IS COLFAX A PERJURER?THE SMILIS G SCBUTLER CAUGHT AT

LAST.

Ills Bank Account Tells a StartlingStory-The Circumstantial EvidenceAgainst Him.

[Correspondence of the N. Y. Tribune.]WASHINGTON, January 28.

The ruin oí vice-President Colfax Is only a

Utile less complete than that of Senator Pat¬terson. Last week tho vice-President statedon oath to Judge Poland's committee that hebad not received twelve hundred dollars fromOakes Ames In June. 1868; that Ames's check:upon the sergeant-at-arms for that amount Infavor of "8. C." had never been seen ty him;that he wad positive oí this because he couldnot possibly have received that amount ofmoney from any source without recollectinglt. To-day, the books of the First NationalBank ot Washington were produced, and Mr.Colfax's account was examined. There ap¬peared a credit of $1968 63, daied June 22,1908. two days after the date of Ames's checkto '*8. C." on the sergeant-at-arms, and one

day after that check was paid. This furnishedonly presumptive proof of the deposit ol the$1200, but all doubt was removed when thecashier produced a deposit ticker, bearingMr. Colfax's signature, In which the $1968 63was itemized, $1200 being casb, and the re¬

mainder checks or drafts. The circumstan¬tial evidence In Mr. Colfax's case ls, there¬fore, complete. Mr. Ames swears that hedrew a check on the sergeant-at-arms In ravorof "S. C." for $1200, on June 20,1868. andgave it to Mr. Colfax, In payment of theCredit Mobilier dividend. The sergeant-at-arms produces ihe check dated June 20, andshows ibat it was cashed on the 21st, andcharged to Ames's account. On the '¿2d Mr.Collax deposits exactly $1200 In cash In thebank. Now. unless he cun prove that he re¬

ceived the $1200 from some other source, hiscase ls hopeless, and he cannot escape a ver¬

dict of guilty of false swearing.Tlie Proposed Impeachment at vice-

President Colfax.

[Washington Correspondence Baltimore Sun.]It Is undeniable that the recent testimony

before the Poland Credit Mobilier committee,including particularly that given to-day,piaces the Vice-president In a very awkwardposition before Congress and before the coun¬try. It ls veiy certain that perjury bas beencommitted by some one, and painful as lt maybe to give utterance to such a suspicion, lt lsa fact that not a few of those who have beenamong the warmest personal and politicalfriends of the vice-President are not sat¬isfied as to which party this crime caa befastened upon. The vice-President expressesthe utmost confidence In his ability to clearhimself entirely of all damaging charges andsuspicions. It Is now very plain that the op¬portunity which he asked of the Senate to¬

day can be afforded him by no other processthan that ol impeachment. Rumors werevery thick about t ne Capitol this at te rn ooo thatthe motion to Impeach the Vice-Presidentwould certainly be made In the House ol' Rep¬resentatives. Tne general im pression that nomovement to Ibis end can be made by theHouse in advance of the report of its commit¬tee ls erroneous. The Investigation Into theCredit Mobilier being condncted with opendoors, all the statements which have beenmade implicating Mr. Colfax and others arematierB ul common notoriety. It is thereforewilbla the province of any member of tbeHouse to rise in lils place, recite the allega¬tions against Mr. Colfax, and move for Instruc¬tions to the Judiciary committee to reportarticles of Impeachment.

The vice-President's Fall.[From the New York Tribune, Editorial.]

Unless vice-President Colfax caa breakthrough the web of circumstantial evidencewhich bas gradually enfolded bim, we Bee

nothing be''ore him but moral ruin. In thenew aspect of the case, the question ol hieconnection with ihe Credit Mobilier scandal isno longer the chief one; it ls overshadowedby another, which affects his character lorhonor and veracity. The astounding develop¬ments in the Credit Mobilier investigation,yesterday, make it necessary lor ihe vice-President to show, lt he can, lhat he has notsworn falsely. The circumstances are these:Mr. Collax denied that he bad received a cer-talo specked didldend of twelve hundred dol¬lars on Credit Mobilier stock. Mr. Amesswore positively that he gave the vice-Presi¬dent a check on the house sergeant-at-armsfor that amount. The check, dated June 20,1868, ls produced; it was paid June 21; Mr.Collax'* bank account ls examined and it lslound (Italcu June 22, 1863 he deposited theprecise amount of twelve hundred dollars inbank notes; and, as If to emphasize the font olthe deposit, the whole amount ol it waa «peel-fled to be nineteen hundred and slur-eightdollars and sixty-three ceoiB, of which all buttwelve hundred dellars was in checks. Thefatal sum Staads by Itself.We have not the heart to comment at

length on this apparently utter and deplora¬ble fall. We hope, for the sake of the purename which Mr. Colfax has eo long borne be-lore the country-for the sake of the countryItself we hope-that he may yet be able tobreak down this damning wall of circumstan¬tial evidence which has slowly encircled him.The only way of escape Is to prove that the$1200 deposited on June 22 was received fromsome other source '.han the agent of theCredit Mobilier Association. The vice-Presi¬dent has too olten spoken of his accurate bu¬siness habits, his limited Income, and hisfdlthiul recollection of all details of hissmall private business not to makethis means of escape easy, if it lspossible. He could not readily torgetthe disposition of twelve hundred dol¬lars lu notes if he received them; he couldDot lorget their receipt. 8o far as we caa see

now, unless Vice-president Colfax eau accountlor the twelve hundred dollars deposit, theevidence must be accepted ns conclusive, andhe stands before the country forsworn anddishonored; led on to false-swearing by theslender thread of a first weak, Irresolute andjoged og denial. The figure which he assumesIs a" melancholy one, full ol warning and pro¬foundly pitiful. Unless there be some door ofescape In this seemingly adamantine wall ofproof-for which we shall Billi hope, althoughthe chance seems so Blight-the world ls thepoorer lor this loss of one more shining ex¬ample of public virtue.

Was This Business?[From the New York Tribune-Editorial.]

Senator Logan has been a great deal morefortunate than many of his comrades In theCredit Mobilier business, because he has notlied about it. But his testimony illustrates soperfectly the nature of Mr. Ames's transac¬tions with members of Congress, and destroysBO thoroughly the pretence that these dealingswere perfectly legitimate, that we must lakethe liberty of still using Mr. Logan to point amoral and adorn a tale. He tells us tint, heagreed to take ten shares of Credit Mobilierstock at nar. This was in February, 1868. 'Ïpaid nothing to Mr. Ames at that lime, andreceived no stock. On June 20 followingMr. Ames came to me and Bald this stockwas entitled lo a dividend or dividends;he made a statement and gave it tome, which showed that the dividendson ihe stock no to that time paid theamount due for it and left a balance of $329;Mr. AmeB handed me a check for the amount;I had paid Mr. Ames no money, and he badgiven me no stock or certifícale of stock, inother wordB, Ames gave Mr. Logan the stockand $329 besides; aud he favored the Illinoissenator no more in reality than lie favoredall the rest; the others went through the formof paying him part value of the Bloch, but themoney was returned to them soon alterwardunder the name of dividends.

It 1B Incredible that acy membpr of Con¬gress should receive valuable gifts of this sortwithout ihe suspicion lhat they were iniendedto purchase his influence. Mr. Logan cer¬tainly was not Buch a lool as to look upon thetransaction as a mere piece of legitimate busi¬ness, for after a few days he returned both theBlock and the money.

A .Vij TUE'I BRIBING SENATOR.

How Pomeroy Spent Ills Money andGot Defeated.

Senator Pomeroy, of Kansas, was over¬whelmingly defeated In election for UnitedStates senator in that State Wednesday. Aepecla' telegram to the New York Tribunetells tue story thus:

As the vote was being taken In Joint con«ventlon, Colonel York, member of the Senatefrom Montgomery Colin ly, when his namewas called, passed up to the presiding officerseven thousand dollars which Mr. Pomeroyhad given him for his vote. He then detailedthe circumstances ot the transaction in aspeech ot au hour's length, The effect wasoverwhelming. A resolution was passed bythe Legislature thanking Colonel York lor hiscourse, and John J. Ingulla was Immediatelyelected. For two weeks Pomeroy bsB kepta lobby here of all his "strikers" at an expenseoí not lesB than fl teen hundred dollars per day,and has spent probably one hundred thous¬and dollars In the campaign. Mr. Pomeroyhas been arrested under tbe State law.Press telegrams give further particulars

of the bribery as exposed in the Legisla¬ture :Senator York detailed three alleged Inter¬

views between himself and Mr. Pomeroy.He said these Interviews were held In pur¬suance of a plan agreed upon by himself andother prominent opponent of Mr. Pomeroy.The first one was on Friday night, when

several persons were present, and duringwhich the matter of the Rose letter wasdiscussed. The second one was private, atthe solicitation of Mr. Pomeroy, on Mondaynight.Ai this Mr. Pomerey offered him (Mr. York)

eli;ht thousand dollars for his vote, two thous¬and dollars In cash, five thousand dollars onTuesdav, and the remainder on Thursday.Mr. York accepted the offer, and took $2000.

On Tuesday afternoon he met Mr. Pomeroyagain by agreement and received from himthe $5000 promised. He then produced a rollof bank bills Irom bis pocket, and said:Here ls the $7000 paid to me by Mr. Pome¬

roy, which I now desire to place In the handsof the president of this Joint convention.At the conclusion of York's speech a vote

was laken for senator. Pomeroy received-0.$90,000 Ball.TOPEKA, KANSAS, January 31.

Senator Pomeroy appeared by counsel be¬fore Judge Morton, ol the District Court,waived examination, and gave ball io the sumof $20,000 for his appearance at the Juneterm.

JOTTINGS ABOUT THE STATE.

-There ls not a single prisoner In Bennetts-vllle Jail.-Mr. 8amuel Smith and others have left

Abbeville en roufe fur Texas.-Tne lax receipts In Abbeville, so far, foot

up forty-eight thousand, dollars.-Since me extension of the time, taxpay¬

ers are becoming lux lu Abbeville.-A. Blythe, B-q., ol Greenville, bas enter¬

ed upon his dulles us solicitor In Anderson.-Tue courthouse In Denington will proba¬

bly be ready for occupancy oy May next,-Snow ls reported on the Cberaw uud Dar¬

lington Railroad, near Harlin.lon.-The Darlingtoniann paid $.0,000 of their

Indebtedness to the State.-Mr. J. M. Davis died recently at his home,

near Bennettsvllle.-Mr. James 8. Stewart, of Wlnnsboro',

died last week, aged sixty-five.-The mortui.iy among the colored people

of Luurensvllie from meningitis is very great.-Mr. William H. Glenn, of Laurensvllle, SR-

cldentally shot himself recently while visitingNewberry on business.-Extensive purchases of real estate have

been mads in Union recently by gentlemenwho propose building thereon.-The Stonewall tire Engine Company, ot

Chester, celebrated their second anniversarylast Friday In the usual happy way.-Hon. H. P. Hammett, mayor of Green¬

ville, has returned home from his Georgialour.-Forty-eight thousand dollars has already

been paid loto the Anderson treasury byprompt taxpayers.-Tbe February term ol the Lancaster Court

of General SesBlono begins to-day. The com¬mon pleas ducket Is large.-The Lancaster Ledger has no marriages

to report, but declares several to be on thetapit).-Dr, James P. Boyce, formerly ol Green¬

ville, bu now living in Kentucky, is paying a

flying visit lo his old homo.-Amy Fdlr, an old colored servant, resident

In ihe suburos of Abbeville, died recently,aged S9.-Tue line imposed by the courts upon Wm.

Hoffman, of Marlboro', for selling spirituousliquors, has been remitted.-A difficulty occurred Saturday morning

on Main street, Columbia, between Mr. JamesOrchard and Mr. F. J. Ludetie. In which Ihelatter was stabbed in the shoulder.-Treasurer Watson, of Yorkvllle, ha9 re¬

turned to his dulles, receiving a cordial wei-come ¡rom ihe laxpayere, who throng hisoffice night uud .lay.

Mr. J. L Dow, of Granitevllle, has beenarrested for malfeasance In office. He was aUnited Stales deputy internal revenue as¬sessor.

Miss Addle, the youngest daughter ofGeorge W. Ha nmond. Esq.,of Abbeville, was

severely burned recently, out ls now recover¬ing.-The new dwelling of Mrs. E. 8. Campbell,

recently erected upon the site of the old oneat Manchester, Sumter County, was burued onthe 18.h ultimo.-BeuueiisvlUe intends that In future her

citizens shall be law-abiding and quiet, il'severity on ihe part of her magistrates and a

town marshal can effect it,-The storehouse, with all Its contents, lo¬

cated on Mr. B. Parnell's place, near Darling¬ton, was destroyed recently by fire. Cause,Incendiary.-A bevy of young ladies left Columbia on

Saturday morning, under care ot differentprofessors, bound tor various State academies.In consequence the Columbia youth are alltears.-A frame cottage, occupied by Mr. Wm.

Pickling, situated at the corner ol Plain andBarnwell streets, Columbia, was destroyed byfire early Saturday morning. Most of the con¬

tení s were saved.-A school-house used by Mr. Henry Du

Bote, In the Beaver Dam Fork, Sumter Cou»-ty, was burned about a week Bioce-lossuuoiu fifty dollars to the teacher, and twentyfive dollars, worth ol books lo the children.Supposed cause, Incendiary.-Tne engineers in charge of theexperlmen-

lal survey ot the Greenwood and AugustaRailroad have completed their survey uponthe Carolina side of the Savannah River, andare now encaged In running lines from some

point near Fury's Ferry lo the City of Augusta.-Oa Friday last, Mr. T. R. Jeler, living

near Saniuc, met with a very severe loss bythe burning of his glnliouse and ail Its con¬

tent», consisting of a nearly new gin andgearing, fifteen bales ot cotton and a largequantity of cotton seed. The loss ls estimatedai, two thousand five hundred dollars. Thefire was accidental.-Robberies and attempts at robbery are be¬

coming common lu Columbia. Oa Fridaynight AdJutani-General Purvis was stopped nytwo colored looipads on Gervais street, near

Bull, but a prompt <ise of his- pistol set thewould-be robbers off-one ot them with an

ounce or two of lead In his carcass. Thewounded man was cared for, and proved to bea negro named Hardy. He ouly wanted"money," and eschewing the drudgery oflabor, look io "the road."-Tne old homestead known as "Rising

HoDe"onthe Lexington side of the Conga-ree, opposite Columbia, was burned on Thurs¬day. This building was a two-3tory logstructure, plastered and weather-boarded, thenails used In Its construotlon being the oldstyle "wrought." It ls believed to have beenbuilt more than a century ago. The propertyhus been in possession ol ihe Gulguard familyfor a long period, and ls now owned by Mrs.H. H. Mayrant Mr. J. J. Richardson and histwo sisters, who occupied the house, savedbul little ol their clothing or furniture.-Tue stockholders of the Wlnnsboro' Na¬

tional Bank have elected W. R Robertson,Joh ii B. Palmer, J. Ell Gregg, James H. Rion,J. B. McCants, J. M. Rutland, H. L. Elliott, G.H. McMasier, James Beaty and D. R. Flannl-ken directors. The directors elected the fol¬lowing officers: W. R. Robertson, president;G. H. McMaster, vice-president; S. B. Clowney,cashier. Operations will begin as Boon as

practicable. The bank will be operated at

present upon $60,000, with the privilege of ex¬

tending the caplial stock to $200,000.

NEW YORK BANK STATEMENT.

NEW YORK, February 1.The bank statement shows a loan increase

of four and three-quarter millions; Bpecle de¬crease o e and tnree-quarier million; legaltenders decrease one-elgnth of a million; de¬posits increase three-eighths of a million.

NOTES FROM NEW TOES.THE FALL OF COLFAX-A SENSATION

AMONG TBE RIGHTEOUS.

A Sanctimonious Metal ImportingHome Loira Ila Character for Moral¬ity-Poisoned Mea t-The SawdustSwindlers-Feigned Arrests by the Po¬lice-Heading One's Own Obituary-Rumors About Bennett, Jnnlor.

[FROM OCR OWN CORRESPONDENT.]NEW YORK, January 30.

Even the Times has abandoned the defenceof Schuyler Colfax, and be stands condemnedbefore the tribunal ol the whole world as a

dishonored man. His fate has been terrible.His friends are dumb. In Sunday-School cir¬cles here there ls astonishment as well as

grief, for Colfax bas been the model constant¬ly exposed to the youth for emulation in all

things.There has been equal amazement In the

same quarters at the revelations about thegreat house of Phelps, Dodge & Co. There lsno concealment now that the charge made

against the firm by the government isthat lt has been In the habit of usingdouble Invoices on Its Imported goods.The loweBt priced being for service at thecustomhouse, and the other the basis forsales to customers. The amount the gov¬ernment has been deprived of by this systemof false entries is estimated at two millions ofdollars. It ls reported from Washington lhatthe treasury department bas compromised for$260.000. Whether this is true or not, theaffair has been a serious blow to the reputa¬tion of the house. Hr. Dodge, one of thefirm, Is president of the Young Men's Chris¬tian Association ot this city, and is foremostIn all religious and reformatory movements.He ls likewise an ardent Radical ls politics,and was a candidate for Congress in 1865,against James Brooke. Brooks was eleoted,but a Radical House of Representatives turnedhim out of his seat and voted Dodge Into lt.There ls an alarm In thia city about

"poisoned meat." The story ls that thousandsof rotten or scrofulous sheep are being senthere from the West, butchered hastily In theslaughter-bouses, and served to consumers.Consequently there is as great an abhorrenceof mutton prevailing at present as there wasof pork a few years ago wnen the exaggeratedrepone about trichina abounded.The "sawdust swindlers" are enjoying a

temporary triumph over the authorities Inconsequence of the recent discharge of someof their number and ihe reprimand adminis¬tered lo the police by Justice Scott, of theThird District Police Court. Ihe "sawdustswindlers," you may have heard, are the gen¬tlemen who flood the country with cir¬culars, offering to sell counterfeit money.Some Idea of the gullibility as wellas inherent dishonesty of a large num¬ber of our fellow-AmericaoB may begathered from the fact that over fifty of theseswindling concerns are driving a flourishingbusiness In New York. Of course the victimreceives no counterfeit money for the goodmoney he sends. The swindler ls too cun¬ning to get himself Into trouble by utteringcounterfeit bills. Ii he sends anything In re¬

sponse lt Is a box* filled with sawdust, forwhich be gels an express company's receipt.If the victim complains in person the swind¬ler flourishes the receipt In his face and In¬sinuâtes thal the contents of the box has beenchanged by the express company's servants.He knows that no victim will dare lo havehim arrested for failing to supply counterfeitbills according to contract.A few dais ago the police made a descent

on some of these sawdust swindlers and car¬ried them off to the Tombs. When the swin¬dlers were arraigned before Justice Scott thepolice were únanle to produce complainantsagainst them. Scott let them go and beratedihe policemen for making the arrests. Thenext day Mayor Havemeyer wrote a severeletter to Justice Scott, accusing bim of en¬

couraging vice, and disheartening the policein their efforts to break up a nefarious busi¬ness. He said he was overwhelmed wlih let-tere from the South and West complaining oftbe swindlers. Justice Scott has aluce beeninterviewed by the indefatigable reporters,and his statement, if correct, pule a uiff-rentface on tbe matter. He says that the policekept these wealthy swindlers twenty-four hoursbefore taking them betöre a Justice, and theowere únanle or unwilling to produce any de¬finite evidence against them. He Intimatesvery broadly thal the arrests were made onlyfor the purpose of extorting money from theswindlers, who, being squeezed dry, were"let up" by the police. He says that the policeauthorities know the local inn of every gamb¬ling place, every swindling gift enterprise,and every sawdust agency in New York, andhave but to issue the order "shut up," andevery one of them will close Instantly. Thatthey are open and doing business ls evidence,he lasists. that for some reason they are tole¬rated by the police. A pretty "reform gov¬ernment" we ure living under, then.Ex-Mayor Kalbfleisch, of Brooklyn, has Just

eoji yed ihe rare privilege of reading his ownobituary in the Herald. He was supposed tobe at the point ol death, and the enterprisingmanager of lhat paper had bim written up Inhaste. As Boon aa a report reached the officethat the mayor was cone, the obituary wasordered in. The subject ol it was astonishedand flattered, of course, at the appearance ofihe Herald the next morning, for his virtueswere set lorth in glowing terms. He beganto mend forthwith, and waa on the street to¬

day swearing that he will run for mayor againat the next election, like the "sturdy oldDutchman" he ls. He ls about sixty-five,years old, worth four millions of dollars, andhas a law case pending with a dressmaker,who has sued him for breach of promise ofmarriage-damages one hundred thousanddollars.Writing of the Herald reminds me that a

rumor ls circulated in Printing House Squarelhat young Bennett ls aboutto start h greatjournal in London "on the American plan."Bennett Junior ls not overburdened withwits, but he tas too many for any euch fool¬ishness as that. By-the-way the sun la bawl¬ing for him to return home, and take care othis paper here, and threatens fearful expos¬ures ll something ls not done about lt at once.

NTSÍ.

A PINCBB A.CK JUDGE.

NEW ORLEANS, February 1.The Stale Supreme Court, In the case of J

Morton vs. Kennard, confirmed the decisionnt the lower couria In favor ot the plaintiff.Kennard was appointed Just ce of the SupremeCourt by Warmotb, and served several weeks.Morgan was subsequently appointed by Pinch-back, and the court held-confirmed by thesenate of the State of Louisiana, composed ofpersons returned as elected by the returningofficers, recognized by this courl-to be the

legal returning officers ot the late electloo.Ludellng rendered a lengthy opinion, Howellconcurring, reserving the right to file reasons.

Wyly dissented. Kennard retired, and Mor¬gan presented his commission this morningand took his seat as associate Justice.

TBE STOKES CASE.

NEW YORK, February 1.The counsel in the Stokes case, in the event

of failure to obtain an order for a new trialfrom Judge Boardman, will apply for a stay ofproceedings, and thereby secure a review oíthe case by a full bench of the Supreme Court,and on failure there, will go to the Court ot

Appeals._TBE IfBARTON TRIAL.

ANNAPOLIS, February 1.After twenty-two days ot laborious trial, the

case of Mrs. Wharton for the attempted poi¬soning of Mr. Yan Ness was finally submittedto the Jury yesterday ofiernoon. At half-pasttwo o'clock to day the Wharton Jury reportedthat they were unable to agree, and asked io

be discharged. The Judge retused to dischargethem.SBNDAT NIGHT.-The Jury ls still out.

FRANKING PRIVILEGE REPEALED.

WASHINGTON, January 31.The President bas signed the bill repealing

the lranking privilege. The departments are

moving for an appropriation to cover postageexpense.

NEWS FROH WASHINGTON.

WASHINGTON, February 1.The President a few dajs since received a

formal application for the recognition of theSouthern States by an appointment to theCabinet, accompanied by a recommendation,ibiu be snail select Senator foote, ul NormCarolina, for the position. The recommenda-Hon was signed by nearly all the Republicanmembers from the South, except those fromSouth Carolina, who are urging Senator Saw*yer for a similar promotion, and the Virgin¬ians, who have pronounced a decided prefer¬ence tor Judge Hughes.According to uotice given in the Senate

yesterday, an effort wilt be made on Wednes¬day to bring up the House bili for the repealof the bankrupt act. The attempt will hardlyprove successful, but, even if the subject Isbrought before the Senate, about the onlyaciion that will be taken will be to amend thelaw by striking out the involuntary bankrupt¬cy provision.The colton tax clalmB have nearly all been

passed upon by the commissioners of Internalrevenue. Upon this action payment ls madeafter going through the proper accountingofficers of the treasury department. About$3u0,000 will settle ihe whole of these claims.Stewart, the contumacious Credit Mobilier

witness, is confined In a prison cell of the cap¬itol, near the crypt, and no one ls allowed tovisit bim except on a card Issued by the ser-geant-at-arms; but he bas an abundance ofcompany, for the card Is never refused.The committee of ways and means yester¬

day, all the members being present, consider¬ed the bill Introduced by Mr. Beck for tbe re¬funding of the cotton lax. After full discus¬sion, an amendment was adopted limiting thetax to be refunded to the amount of cottonactually exported. Subsequently, however,the bill and amendment were both rejected,and by a vote of six to three an adverse re¬port was decided to be made. There will beno minority report In the case, but lt wasagreed that a discussion should be permittedwhen the adverse report shall be presented tothe House.

DEATH OF COMMODOREMA URT.

RICHMOND, YA., February LCommodore Mathew Fontaln Maury, Ameri¬

can hydrographer and naval officer, died at

Lexington, Ya., at one o'clock to-day. Hewas the author ot -'Letters on the Amazonand Atlantic Slopes ol South America, " "Re¬lation between Magnetism and the Circula¬tion of the Atmosphere." "Astronomical Ob¬servations," "Physical Geography of the Sea."dbe. During the late war he was an officer Inthe Confederate navy, and at the time of hisdeal h was professor of physical science at theVirginia Military Institute. He was agedsixty-seven years.

WHAT TWEED SATS OF HIS TRIAL.

NEW Yonx, February LTweed last evening said his trial was merely

a political one, and that tr. ey would never geta Jury to convict him. He was tired of thebusiness. The prosecuting lawyers claim thatthe Jury Wis packed. The Jurors refused toreveal what occurred la the jury room.

THE FLORIDA 8ENATOR.

TALLAHASSEE, January 31.S. B. Conover, Bepuoilcan, was elected

United States Benator to-day on the fifth bal¬lot by 43 votes, twenty-seven Democrats votingwith the Republicans. Both houses adjourneduntil Monday.

SPARKS FROM THE WIRES.

-The postofflce authorities of Boston havetaken possession of the old South Church.-The government will sell a million and a

half of gold, each Tuesday, and buy one mil¬lion of bonds, each Wednesday, In February.-One hundred thousand dollars worth of

properly bas been burned at Jackson, Ten¬nessee, embracing the business portion of thetown.

SOUTH POLAR EXPLORATION.

There appears to be a rivalry springing upbetween ihe Norih Pole and ihe Souib as towhich can tffer the greatest attractions to

explorers. Huberto the North Pole has beenthe most popular, partly because lt ls thenearest to those nations from which the ex¬

plorers come, and there are at present nofewer than seven expeditions in the Arcticregióos endeavoring lo suive the mystery ofthe great Polar Sea. Of these, one ls French,one American, one Austrian, one Prussian,two Norwegians and one Russian. It will benoticed that England bas withdrawn frumLhls Held of exploración, wherein her navi¬gators have distinguished themselves fromme days ol Cabot, Baffin, Davis and Scoresbydown to those of Franklin, McClure and Mc¬clintock. She bas now turned her attentionto the Antarctic reg ona which are accessibleIn direct lines from four of her colonies, viz :the Cape ol Good Hope, Australia, New Zea¬land and the Falkland Isiands. Sue has char¬tered ihe Challenger, a vessel of 1400 loos, andtitted out for a ibree years' voyage ot explora¬tion and deep sea soundings, under the direc¬tion of competent scientific men; and ni Len¬non will first be given to ihe Southern PacidoOcean. This vast portion ol the earth's sur¬face has not been investigated aa lt ought tohave been. The Spanish and Portuguese ex¬plorers sailed through the Straits ol Magellanin the fifteenth century, but they seem lo haveconsidered that far enough south, or else tohave thought that the best thing ibey could dowould be m get to India as soon as possible,and so they ateered In that direction north¬west, accidentally discovering islandafier island on the way. Thus lthappened that until the year 1616,when the Dutch navigator Van Schou¬ten discovered Cape Hjrn, and gave lt itspresent name, no one bad ventured furthersouth; but when he led the way others fol¬lowed, and lt was soon lound that the thenprevalent idea ol geographers that the Ant¬arctic regions were occupied by a vast ice¬bound continent, was not wholly withoutfoundation. Tasman, Dampier, Cook, andother navigators, visited these regions, but,ihough they discovered Australia, New Zea¬land, Van Dieman's Land, and other isl¬ands, they did not contribute much to theworld's knowledge of the South polar circle.It was not until the present century that anymaterial progress was made. In 1819 a Bri¬tish brig discovered the Islands now knownas Palmer's Land and the South Orkneys.Aller that they were frequently visited bywhaler?. In the same year (1819) the Russiangovernment sent out an expedition underCaptains Lazaren and Beinghausen, andhose Intrepid explorers almost circumnavi¬gated the South Pole at an average distanceot thirty degrees, and examined a portion ofthe polar circle. -They also discovered thefirst conlinental land there, and named ltAlexander Lind. Thia appeared to be a capebelonging to a large continent; lt was com¬

pletely locked In ice. From that time up to1840. several American, French and Englishexpeditions were sent out lo these regions,which ascertained that there existed withinthe south polar circle a vast continent. Lleu-terant Wilkes, of the United Slates navy,sailed more than fifteen hundred miles along¬side of a wall ol Ice from one hundred andfifty to two hundred feet high, beyond which,at many points, rose high, mountainous land.In 1842, Slr James Ross discovered South Vic¬toria Land, whereon was a lofty volcanotwelve thousand feet In* height, now knownas Mount Erebus; but bis further progress waschecked by an Immense continuous wall o

ice, above which could be seen in the far ( 1 <-

lance mountain peaks of great height, cov¬

ered with ice. It is one ol me singularities ot

thia portion of the earth's eurface, containingan area double that of Europe, that lt exhibitsno signs of animal, marine or vegetable life.In the sea Itself lite seems extinct, unless thedeep soundings shall reveal some at the bot¬tom of the ocean. Rut lt appears from thesoundings taken by Sir James Ross, that theAntarctic seas are generally shallow, compara¬tively speaking. The depth rarely exceededlour hundred fathoms, or twenty-four hundredfeet (not half a mlle,) and lt was ordinarilyonly from two hundred to three hundred fath¬oms, while in some spots in the AtlanticOcean the depth ls fifteen thousand feet. Atone point off the coaBt ot Brazil, Slr JamesRoss failed to toncb ground at a depth oftwenty-seven thousand feet, or five and a baitmiles, and at one spot In the Antarctic Oceanhe failed at twenty-four thousand.

A VIRGINIA TRIUMPH.COMPLETION OF THE CHESAPEAKE

AND OHIO KAILEOAD.

The Waters of th« Ohio United WithThoae of the Atlantic-HUtory of th«Enterprise,Tbe Chesapeake and Oblo Railroad has been

finished. Tbe first train lrom Eicbmondreached the banks of the Ohio on Wednesdaylast, and on Saturday the first train eastwardover ihe road, through from the Ohio Elver,arrived in Richmond, bringing about fllty pas«seDgers, mostly West Virginians, and tourloads of cannel coal, the first of the kind everreceived In that city. Thus there ls anotherthrough line from the Atlantic to the Weat,making the fifth connecting line reaching fromthe seaboard lo ihe Western system, or at leastIts waters. Richmond ls in high spirits overthe event, and ls making arrangements for agrand celebration, which will probably em*brace an excursion to the Ohio and return,bringing large delegations from Westerncities to participate ID the order of ceremoniesin the capital of the Old Dominion.The fact that there are so few "through

lines," compared to the expansion ot the rail-roads In the Mississippi Valley, ls owing to the '

greater difficulty and cost of construction,arising from the rugged, intervening eleva¬tion of tbe Alignantes. The Baltimore and.Ohio Railroad hus the honor of leading theway in crossing the American Alps, a victoryof peace nobler than Hannibal or Napoleonever achieved. Since that lime the surplusproduce ol the Western States has grown tosuch dimensions that existing railroads-thePennsylvania notably among tbe most Im¬portant-and the Erle Canal are scarcely ableto accommodate the freight. The producer inthe West and the consumer In the East mostboth gain by the construction of a new linepossessing all the elementa for oheap trana-poi tallou.Io 1836 the Louisa Railroad was Incorpo¬

rated by the Virginia Legislature, Intended topass by or near Louisa Courthouse to a pointnear the eastern base of the Southwest Moon*fains, and thence to a point In the Valley ofVirginia. Afterwards the scheme was extend¬ed, and the name was changed to the Vir¬ginia Central. The original capital stock of.the company was gradually iocreaned by actaof the Legislature as the extension of theroad demanded until lt bas reached the samof $13 600,000. Its maximum authorised cap¬ital ts $30,000,000. The road was completed toLouisa Courthouse In about 1840, to Oordons-v lil J a lew years later, to Staunton In 1867,and to Covington In 1860. There, when thewar overtook it, lt was awaiting toe comple¬tion of the Covington and Ohio Railroad,which was being rapidly pushed by the State.At the conclusion of the war the Virglu a

Central Railroad was left a complete wreck.All of Its bridges and most oí its depot build¬ings were destroyed, much of Ita trsck tornwp, and that which remained in snob condi¬tion that lt was unsafe io run over lt a trainof cars; Us engines, coaches and cars wornout. and Us treasury utterly depleted; theprospect seemed indeed gloomy. The super¬intendent says that they had "leas than onehundred dollars In the treasury, and onlytwenty miles of road available for producingrevenue.''In September, 1868, the Legislature granted

a charter to toe Cnesapeake and Ohio Com-panv, tbe Covington and Ohio and the Cen¬tral having been previously consolidated, and,in 1869. a proposition of Huntington A Go.,ef New Tork, was accepted, under which thework has been extended to the Ohio, thelength ot the Une to tbe northwestern boonda- '

ry ol the State ot Kentucky being lour hon-dred and twenty-seven miles. Half of thiagreat raliway has been constructed In lenthan three years. There ore seven miles andabout one-third of tunnels on the road. Tberoad strikes the Ohio at a point further weatthan any other, and, aa we have before stated,it ls proposed that Us eastern terminus shallnot remain at Richmond, but be extended toNewport News, on the James Elver, nearHampton Roads, with a branch at Yorktown,on the York River, the company desiring tobe able to transfer the freight to the largestEuropean and coastwise sailing and steamvessels. The cost of the work ls stated at up¬wards of $36,000,000.

A MONSTER OF THE DEEP.

A Hage Sea Serpent Visita Tybee.A telegram was published a few days since

stating that ooe of the oceen steamers of aNew York line, on Its last return voyage, en¬

countered two Immense Bea serpents, whlohwere distinctly seen by the officers and pas¬sengers. One was colled up, apparentlyasleep, and the other was Idly fl ming on

the water. The Savannah News, referring io

this incident, says:What will be thought when lt ls known that

one of these strange monsters of the deep baabeen seen at tbe very mouth of oar river ?Many of our readers may shrug their shoul¬ders Incredulously at this announcement, butwe can assure them that we have no reasonto doubt our iDlormatlon. We had heard ofthis mammoth tea serpent having been seen Inthe vicinity of Tybee about two weeks ago,but refrained from Baying anything about ituntil we could get more satisfactory Informa¬tion. This we now have, and shall proceedto give lt lor the benefit ol our readers: OnLhe last trip of the steamship Hunsvllle, fromNew York to this port, thia serpent waatwice eeen, once at night and the otherlime by daylight, by several ol the offl-crs and passengers. The monster ladescribed as being nearly forty feet in length,with a head somewhat resembling an alliga¬tor, and very large, glowing eyes. It waafloating upon the water, and at times wouldraise Its head above the surface, thus givingall a full view of Us proportions. Borne whoBaw the monster suggested it waa a whale,but the mate of the steamer, Mr. Craw, wbois au old whaleman, stated that lt was entirelydifférent In shape and appearance from a

whale, and the only presumption left was thatlt was one'of those often heard of, but seldomseen, denizens of the vasty deep-a sea-ser¬pent. The old seamen acknowledged lt waaihe most singular, as well as the largest inhab¬itant of the sea they bad ever beheld In all theirtripp, and the sight furnishes a topic ot gene¬ral conversation for them. We do not re¬member now of ever having heard of serpentaof thia kind being seen on this side ot theocean before. Ia Webster's unabridged wefind three definitions ot the term "sea ser¬

pent:" 1. A serpent-like animal of greatsize, supposed lo dwell in the sea; now com¬monly reckoned as fabulous. 2. A kind of eelfound in the Mediterranean. 3. Tne hydrasstokes!), a large marine serpent found In tbeAustralian seas. To this latter genus, we

suppose, the one seen at Tybee belongs, butto what cause ls due the undertaking by biaserpentine majesty of such a long Journey laemystery,_

-Lydia Sherman ls said to be reviewingher recent conlessloD, In order to work In afew more dead bodies that she entirely forgotabout belore._The Qerman admiralty have decided to.

build DO more large lron-clads at present, bntto strengthen the coast deiences by monitorsand torpedoes.-Thoa. O. Boyd bas been sentenced at

Knoxville, Tenn., to Imprlsonmeat for fiveyears and a fine of $6000 for the perpetrationof pension irauds.-The Harrisburg, Pa., State Senate have

adopted a resolution Instructing the UnitedMates senators from that State to vote againsteither the purchase or control of the telegraphby the government.-The Tribune stockholders have decided to

tear down the Tribune building In May next,and erect a new bulldlog, of suoh dimensions,ii ls said, as to rival, lt not eclipse, any otherdevoted to Journalism lo the country, at anestimated cost of two hundred and fifty thous¬and dollars.-England had an enormous loreign trace

last year, the aggregate b-lBe $3,046,690.000.The Imports were $1,766,680,000, and me ex¬

ports $1,279,810.000. In both these Items

lhere was an Increase over tbe trade ox un,the aggregate Increase being nearly two hun¬

dred and Beventy-elght ml of dol ara.

England stands at the head ol ^rnmercl»! °a-

Hons, her trade far exceeding In volume thatof any other country.

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