vocabulary review ch 22 – humans and the environment
TRANSCRIPT
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Vocabulary Vocabulary ReviewReview
Ch 22 – Humans Ch 22 – Humans and the and the
EnvironmentEnvironment
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The study of the interaction
between humans and their own environment.
Environmental science
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Earth’s rock interior that
extends from the molten center of the planet’s core
to the solid surface of its crustGeosphere
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The portion of Earth that is
water, including all oceans, lakes,
and rivers
Hydrosphere
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The mixture of gases that
surrounds the Earth above the hydrosphere and
geosphere
Atmosphere
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The part of the Earth where life
exists
Biosphere
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The layer of the atmosphere at an altitude of 15 to 40 km in which ozone absorbs
ultraviolet solar radiationOzone layer
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The warming of the surface and lower
atmosphere of Earth that occurs when carbon
dioxide, water vapor, and other gases in the air absorb and reradiate
infrared radiation
Greenhouse effect
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The variety of organisms
considered at all levels, from
populations to ecosystems
Biodiversity
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An index that combines the number and
relative abundance of
different species in a community
Species diversity
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The amount of variation in the genetic material
within all members of a population
Genetic diversity
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Substances that cause unintended harm in air, water,
or soil
Pollution
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Water vapor mixed with chemicals that result from human activities
Smog
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A type of hydrocarbon in which some or all of the
hydrogen atoms are replaced by chlorine and fluorine; used in coolants for refrigerators and air
conditioners and in cleaning solvents
Chlorofluorocarbon
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The accumulation of increasingly
large amounts of toxic substances
within each successive link of
the food chainBiological
Magnification
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Precipitation, such as rain, sleet, snow, that
contains a high concentration of acids, often because of the
pollution of the atmosphere
Acid precipitation
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The death of every member of a
species
Extinction
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A species that is critical to the
functioning of the ecosystem in which it
lives because it affects the survival in
its community
Keystone species
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The condition in which human
needs are met in such a way that a human population
can survive indefinitely
Sustainability
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A branch of biology that is the
study of the management of
natural resources and the
preservation of biodiversityConservation
biology
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The science of rehabilitating,
replacing, or acquiring the equivalent of any natural resources that
have been injured, destroyed, or lost
Restoration biology
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A species that is especially sensitive to ecological change and thus can serve as an indicator of
environmental conditions
Bioindicator
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Region of the biosphere that has been identified by conservationists as having high species
diversity and as being highly threatened by
humanBiodiversity
hotspot
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A form of tourism that supports the conservation and
sustainable development of
ecologically unique areas
Ecotourism
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The study of ecology in areas that are densely
populated by humans
Urban ecology