vocabulary ch 17-18
DESCRIPTION
Absolute monarch Divine right Armada Intendant Balance of Power Dissenter Habeas corpus Limited monarchy Elector Mercenary Depopulation Westernization Boyar Warm-water port. Natural law Social contract Natural right Philosophe Physiocrat Laissez faire Censorship - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Vocabulary Ch 17-18Absolute monarchDivine rightArmadaIntendantBalance of PowerDissenterHabeas corpusLimited monarchyElectorMercenaryDepopulationWesternizationBoyarWarm-water port
Natural lawSocial contractNatural right PhilosophePhysiocratLaissez faireCensorshipEnlightened despotConstitutional governmentCabinet Prime ministerOligarchyPopular sovereigntyLoyalistFederal republic
Day One - Warm-upGrab a book and write the definitions
on your warm-up sheet (ch. 14).
1.Armada 2.Divine right of Kings3.Absolutism4.Natural Rights5.Czar
The Age of AbsolutismThe Enlightenment and the
American Revolution
1500 to 1800
40
The Age of Absolutism-Spain
Philip II...great grandson of Ferdinand and Isabella- Expanded Spanish influence*Made absolute monarch
• Believed in divine right
*Spain became the most powerful state in Europe- due to new world
*Spain's Decline
Inflation- to much gold and silver
Costly overseas wars Taxed the middle class
Expulsion of Jews and Muslims
Reduced skilled artisans and merchants
France- Under Louis XIV
Religious wars tore France apart in the late 1500sAssumed absolute power in 1661
*Was a workaholic, Divine Right
France the most powerful Europe
300,000 paid full time army
*VersaillesBecame the seat of government10,000 lived thereNobles vied for privileges and paid no taxes
Absolute Monarchy in Russia
*Peter the GreatAbsolute MonarchImporting western technologyRussia expanded its territory, from the Baltic to the Pacific
*Catherine the GreatAchieved a warm-water port on the
Black Sea by waging war against the Ottoman empire
Summary
Write four or more sentences, summarizing your notes to this point.
Henry VIII to Elizabeth ... 1485 to 1603
*Worked with Parliament
Spanish Armada..1588Sir Frances Drake
England-The Tudors
The Stuart kings
*Clashed with ParliamentOver royal authority, money, foreign policy, and religion
*Charles I- 1625Wanted divine right
Dissolved Parliament
Tried to arrest House of Commons Leader
Civil War 1642 to 1649
*Cavaliers and RoundheadsVictorious Parliament executed Charles in 1649
Ended the monarchy
Created a republic headed by Oliver Cromwell
Censorship- closed taverns, theaters, no dancing
No religious toleration
*The Glorious Revolution1660 Monarchy returned
Divine Right, religious toleration
Avoid absolute monarch in future
*English Bill of RightsHouse of Commons given the power of the purseHabeas corpusA limited monarchy
Summary
Write four or more sentences, summarizing your notes to this point.
Philosophy in the Age of ReasonEnlightenment thinkers called *philosophes...’Lovers of Wisdom’
Natural laws to solve social, political, and economic problems.
The Enlightenment and the American Revolution (1715–1800)
The reasoning of men could free them of their
ills and lead them to peace, security, a good government and ideal society. Reason would ensure the progress of humanity and entire
society.
Political Thinkers
*Thomas Hobbes pessimistic…1651
People were naturally bad
Government needed to be strict to control
Social contract• An entire society agrees
to be governed by its general will
*John Locke optimistic…1690
Natural rights...to life liberty and property
People formed governments to protect rights
If governments failed then the people could overthrow them
Other Changes*Most Europeans remained peasants
• Lived in small rural villages
• Untouched by Enlightenment ideas
*Peasant lifeWestern…tenant farmers or paid laborEastern…many were still serfs
MusicJohann Sebastian Bach..organ and choirsWolfgang Amadeus Mozart... operas, symphonies and religious
Summary
Write four or more sentences, summarizing your notes to this point.
Tuesday - Warm-upGrab a book and begin reading the section “Economics” on pg. 521. Answer the following questions in complete sentences!1.What did the physiocrats believe?2.What does laissez-faire mean?3.Who provided the best statements on laissez-faire? What was the title of his book?4.According to Adam Smith, what were the 3 roles of government?
Britain at Mid-Century 1700'sHad Risen to World Power
Island locationColonial possessionsFavorable business climatePowerful navy
Birth of the American Republic
13 colonies in America, controlled by British
British taxesTrade restrictionsAn attack on their rights as British citizens
• Especially since they had no representation in Parliament
“Intolerable Acts”
•Accused Colonists could be tried in England
•American homes were forced to host British troops
•Boston Harbor was closed
American Revolution
1770... Boston Massacre 5 people killed
1773... Boston Tea Party Protest of taxes
1775... War!!!
1776... Declaration of war
“We hold these truths” John Locke
The War 1775 to 1781Looked bleak at the start
*The BritishHad a professional armyLots of moneyOccupied most majors cities1/3 of colonists were loyalists1/3 did not care
*The AmericansFew military resources
Little money
Fighting on their own ground
Controlled the countryside
The End of the WarThe French Alliance 1777
Battle of Saratoga convinced the French to joinSupplied ... arms, training and warshipsNetherlands and Spain also joined
*Treaty of Paris... 1781United States of America recognized
New boundaries to the Mississippi river
John Jay, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Henry Laurens, and Franklin's
grandson, William Temple Franklin,
A new Constitution*Inspired by Enlightenment ideas
Separation of powers and checks and balances
Natural rights
Consent of the governed
Freedom of Speech
*The United States Constitution would serve as a model for other democratic nations.
Summary
Write four or more sentences, summarizing your notes to this point.
America the Beautiful
The End
The French Revolution is next
Read Chapter 19