vocabulary instruction created by amy okafor may ’06 revised for 318 by abel reference -
TRANSCRIPT
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Vocabulary Instruction
Created by Amy Okafor May ’06
Revised for 318 by Abel
Reference - www.fcrr.org/staffpresentations/Marcia/NA/vocabulary_pineview.ppt
Vocabulary Instruction
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5 BIG IDEAS: Phonemic Awareness
Phonics
Fluency
Vocabulary
Comprehension
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Vocabulary---
The words students need to know in
order to communicate
effectively.
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Did you know?According to Hart & Risley, l995 (and TEA)Words Heard in an Hour
Poverty: 615 wordsMiddle Class: 1251 wordsProfessional: 2153 words
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Differences In Vocabulary Starts Early
• Average child from a welfare family hears about 3 million words a year vs. 11 million from a professional family.
– By age 4, the gap grows to 13 vs. 45 mil.– Children from a professional family spoke
more words than parents in a welfare family
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Ways Words Are Learned
• By reading a lot
• Through multiple exposures (USE)
• Through explicit instruction:– Teaching words– Analyzing word parts – Exploring words
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Closing the
Vocabulary Gap
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How many words should teachers
teach per day to help close the gap?
• In 1st and 2nd grade, about 2 per day.
• 3rd grade onward, about 8 per day.
• Remember - students already behind by 1st grade need more intense and ambitious focus to help
them catch up!
• Research shows typical child needs to encounter
a word about 12 times before they know it
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Choosing Words For Vocabulary Instruction
Words Matter
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Molly avoided playing the ukulele.
Which word would you choose to pre-teach?
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avoided
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Avoided• Why?• Verbs are where the
action is – Teach avoid, avoided,
avoids,….– Likely to see it again
in grade-level text– Likely to see it on a
test
• Why not ukulele?– Rarely seen in print– Rarely used in stories
or conversation or content-area information (discuss, not teach it)
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Tier 1 = basic (clock, door, food)
TEACH
Tier 2 = high frequency for mature (coincidence, absurd, industrious)
Tier 3 = infrequent (isotope, peninsula)
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Deepening Children’s
Understanding
of Words
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• Charades– Act Out words
• Word Bee– Work together to define
• Word Substitution– Team mates replace a target
word in a sentence• Word Guess
– Guess the word with fewest clues possible
Games!!!
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Venn Diagram
Cat Dog
meows
fur
tail
barks
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Use New Words in context
What boisterous students! It is nice to get away from all that noise!
I like the bright strong vivid color on your dress.
How generous of you to give me
your last apple.
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Word Study• Build word parts un-happi-ness hypogeal • Teach multiple meanings, idioms,
expressions (Amelia Bedelia)
• Teach children to use references (thesaurus)
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Source: http://otra.texasreading.org
Did you know?
Source Difficulty level
Scientific Articles 4389
Newspapers 1690
Children’s Books 627
College grads w friends 496
Prime-time TV 490
Mr. Rogers; Sesame St 413
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Lots of Reading improves voc + rdg Class Rank Daily Reading Words / year
90% (A) 30 minutes 1,823,000
80% (B) 15 minutes 1,146,000
70% (C) 10 minutes 622,000
Bottom 2% of the class
less Very few
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Vocabulary Links• Prefix/Suffix Game
http://www.harcourtschool.com/activity/book_buddy/skill/3_prefix.html
• ESL support http://www.angelfire.com/wi3/englishcorner/vocabulary/vocabulary.html
• Vocabulary & Analogies• http://www.quia.com/pages/havefun.html• Interactive Adventure Stories• http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/digger/7_9entry/7_9.shtml• Mad libs• http://www.funbrain.com/brain/ReadingBrain/ReadingBrain.html• sample – try it here – click “play”• http://www.funbrain.com/brain/ReadingBrain/Games/Game.html?
GameName=MadLibsSchoolRules&Brain=reading&GameNumber=1&Color=FFFFFF
• Which word parts to teach http://www.nevadareading.org/resources/vocab/vocab_parts.pdf