vocabularies from the northwest coast of america

1916.] Indian Vocabularies. 185

VOCABULARIES FROM THE NORTHWESTCOAST OF AMERICA.

EDITED BY FBANZ BOAS.

The following vocabularies, collected on the North-west coast of America in the year 1791, represent theNootka, Haida, Tlingit and Eskimo languages, andare printed from a manuscript recently obtained bythe American Antiquarian Society. This document,which is twenty-six pages in length, gives no clue asto the name of the author or compiler, although itwas doubtless written by an officer of one of the shipswhich visited the northwest coast in 1791. Theorthography is of course very inadequate, but a goodmany of the words may be recognized. The phoneticequivalents of the Nootka vocabulary have beengiven by Dr. Edward Sapir, whose Nootka studieshave not yet been published. Those of the Haidawere extracted from John R. Swanton's investigationof the Haida language, supplemented by vocabulariescollected by Franz Boas (John R. Swanton, HaidaTexts, in Publications of the Jesup North PacificExpedition, vol. 10, part 2, Leyden. Franz Boas,Vocabularies of the Tlingit, Haida and TsimshianLanguages, in Proceedings of the American Philo-sophical Society, vol. 29, pp. 173-208). The Tlingitwords were identified by Franz Boas in 1915. In theEskimo vocabulary the corresponding words havebeen taken from Barnum's Alaskan Eskimo material(Rev. Francis Barnum, Grammatical Fundamentalsof the Innuit Language, Boston, 1901).

In the vocabulary which follows, the first threecolumns consist of a literal transcript of the manu-script, and in the last column is given the phonetic

186 American Antiquarian Society. [April,

orthography. The Nootka words have been tran-scribed according to the system published by theSmithsonian Institution (Phonetic Transcription ofIndian Languages, Smithsonian Miscellaneous Col-lections, vol. 66, no. 6). The transcription of theother languages is in accordance with the systemdescribed in the respective publications.

I. NOOTKA

A VOCABULARY OF NOOTKA-SOUND LANGUAGE ON THENORTHWEST PART OF AMARACA IN THE LATIT IN

THE YEAR 1791

PHONETICORTHOGRAPHY

NOOTKA ENGLISH

Ah upsopt^SeihartSeitahCliottlerWeamashis^tetechSukneh

honoah

ApuxmahEnah pulthy^HloptohomahtackhacKopaly*

anan

to

to Be

thethethethe

AArmsArrowArrow CastAriotherAshaimedAlive

t'síhaté'

tla'o", tla'o'k'"•

ti'tc—Abuse with Bad

langugeangry

BBirdsBak of your handBreastBelloyBack

ta"t'ca'

* ahufh evidently ^'aâT;}-, reduplicated stem â-p-, used for several body-part nounsoccurring in pairs. In Barkley Sound Nootka ââ-p*yimil ia "ahoulder and arm aboveelbow. " I know of no suffix -sopt in Barkley Sound Nootka, but cf. 'a'ops«'u)in'i »arm-pi t" (-'««n*i "inside of middle").

» In Barkley Sound Nootka " to be ashamed" is 'yim'iyi"

* Probably identical with Aina'jSai "back above middle of body."

'Seema to contain suffix -¡io! "back."


Kysah^SuckquëlteerPeshackMacookmustartaMarmartaTubcookChimmis

Cathlatic

Cleethah«qwequick'ClooahTumishClaseseeMutoheshittle^Cluckshittle»Clooquesta^"quoth shittleAnnekishMooh"Alitch hytamasammot

Ahahmastessewap"Wocshittle»

toistoa

A

A

AAAAAtoto

tototo

AA

to

BlodBringBadBarterBowBirds in JenaralBlack or BlewBair

Brother

Bair-skinBevor skinBoardBurnt CoalBoys NameBiteBeatBroadBreakBendBoyIBoth aliveBoy or gairlBone

C

CheeckChinCetch

sukwitl = io ta)¿)icaq'ma'kuk'mo'stati'ma'ma'ti'tup'kok'tciuús=black

bearqala'tik' =younger brother

lo'ok'", lo-tumi's

thikw = bigkwatcitl

(&ne'ia=childham'o't'

'a'amas

> Ifesmis "blood" (stem J«»-); Ifesa" "to bo bloody, bleeding." |^e is often heard

•In Barkley Sound Nootka "beai^skin" is mutamoha'.' In Barkley Sound Nootka '.aCaxwa'aq'.

'Evidently containing stem 'ma- "to bite"; sitl is momentaneous suffix.' -citl as in note 8.

10Perhaps to be understood as tlukwisla' "broad in oanoe."(?)" Perhaps misunderstood for 'mo " to burn. " (intr.)"In Barkley Sound Nootka "chin" is hi'ni'Clahsul.

188 American Anüquarian Society. [April,

Ahsoorehe 'Chuckeo"Maltazlah

Cedor BarkCome heearCold

Is Come heear tcukwa'Is Cold 'mai'ahs=

cold (water)Marquirnar A Name of a CheifGallicum Dot Shot By order of Dun Martenus

{generally given Quallicum) July the 5 A 1789Wickananish Dothanape DotClopanish DotOmaes DotTatootcheaticus DotTatootohesettle DotClackosantda DotManecan DotNashnackhook DotNooche DotMomak" Ceder BarkHahhutthy Cove or EnletCheetleche to CutAhak to CryHychenak A CokcoleHoonick A Chist

nutci'=mountain

Ucitcitl:qhak'

Eneckshittle"AhtoopChinneTooshkoaCathlaticAmmok

HohoyehIsh lis sha

Come inWild CallaryI Cant seeA CodfishA CosenA Calm

to Changeto Chew (gum)

touqwunik' =box (telescoping)

t'cáni'-tuckóhqala'tik'!oup', '.oum=calm weatherbahanyi'"

" In Barkley Sound Nootka "cedar bark" ia pi'taup'. When shredded, it is túpyu',which, when dyed in alder bark, is called hia'yu'.

» In Barkley Sound Nootktt "to come near" as verb is Uawi'tatl. tcukwa' is usedonly in address.

w en- probably hin-, general verb stem; -sitl as in note 8. In Barkley Sound Nootka"to enter" is hine'itl.

" Quoted from memory. Am not altogether certain of this.


SedgekasChuckco"Chooshenah

MooyechisAhimahais^ÂnetleCahshittleNassQuotsehak

ClootshotyÔyelthyMowickmulthyLyeopulthy. IChatlachaAthyWickahrnitlahHyarish^^ yesClimmoshittleNuekshittleAyemeahNartuch

CaseeAhieeheHatsamiamichCapeeAhokChaliohamah

A

A

AIAtoAA

AtotoAto

It

toIA

antoAn

CombCome hearCrow

DDear(=deer)Dont xmderstandDogDye (=die)DayDanceing apron

DaughterDanceDisownDeaifDevoideDark

satckahs ,tcukwa'qo'ocin'=roi;en"

mo'w oc tc[ hayim' âi'leni'ttqahcitl'na'skatshaq' =

blanket, robe

ho'ya'l

'athai'=moÄiDoes It not Rain wikha 'mitia''Does very muchDay LightDrinkDont understancDuck

EEyesEyes BrowsEye LedsEarEatEgg

ítim^ccit}^*naq'citl1 hayim'hai'

qasi''a'atci'hatshimiksim'i>ai)i'ha'ok'

""Crow" is lle''in'.IS Used only in northern dialects. In Barkiey Sound Nootka '.a tue ia used.*'-« is " I . " Not used in declarative sentences relating to present time in Barkiey

Sound Nootka, where -<i takes its place.so Evidently formed from lote "woman." In Barkiey Sound Nootka Ifc'kwati "girl"

ia used for "daughter."" -ic is affirmative suffix.


Quispele ''Hyahish

üppapeah^Coopyork

CahahtomeCharkWorcushhowiltSumer

Peshackness^UquotQuemattsThoakNowaykish

AlverHaha^'ChimmenaAquilthyTakihittleHoahshittle

CheetnakCutsackWelshittle

PatshittleClooshish"«Clyome '

thethe first

forms of

A

AAAtoI Have

toAIs

Is toIsIs to

Each sideEnough

FforeheadFinger

FeetFreash warterFriendshipFish in Genaral

Foull weatherFriendly loveFrostFrightnedFarther

(=father)Friend harkhenFolsehoodFish hookFeatherFeealForgot

G

GreesGarmentGoaway

GiveGood'Give me more

kop"yak'=index finger

ka'yap't'a' = iegt'ca'ak'

so'moz'=var. ofsmall fish

to"hauk''mi'wi'q'so'

tcimun''.e".él=feathers

katshaq'walcitl =

to go home^atcititlul

23cf. kwiapa'- "on the other Bide of."

** *\tmt88a'Ca* in Barkley Sound Nootka.

** Apparentiy ^caq* 'na's "bad weather."

28 cf. haya'ak' "not to know"?

« Clooshish is probably to be understood as tluVis "indeed it Í3 good."

"Evidently derivative of tla'o'- "another."

1916.]

Siah hoe

OxamerAhyackClackoeskwettle

Seeesock

Wesuck^sCapea tsee

Ahomah

Uquilsaka^aupseeoopCoochanexoAhcoCloosmeet

Wickcatish^"Seapokes^^ChartlerMaharteeWeiektapMalthyCutsomixneNahahPooaQua ahmissQuanthoegishApukshittle

Indian Vocabularies. ]

Is A

AAto

A

to Be

A

thethetheAA

IAtoAAA

toA

Isto

Grait Way of saya"' =( = a great way to be distant

off)GooseGraight many '&y&'=manyGet up tlakiccitl =

to stand upGrass fishing Ling

(line)GladGive me some-

thing to EatGood treet

H

HeadHair hapsi'yup'Hands 'kwikwinikso'HoreHeavin thismit' '

(= herring)Have NotHat or CapHand itHouse maht'i"'Hard Read wood, Horn ma'lHail katso'min'Hark or Lisen na'a"'Holy BoatHearing spondsHeavyHug iap'k'citl

191

" In Barkley Sound Nootka " to be glad, happy " is 'o"aqtl." fo^fnft in Barkley Sound Nootka.

«• Involves wik- " not. " With passive and body-part possessive 'ai- this forms un*oi-"not to be —ed, not to have (body.-part)."

" tsop'kox'sim' in Barkley Sound Nootka.

192 American Antiquarian Society. [April»

I

SickerminnehooSyahopulthyChitnack

tookwoahshittle^Poo all yourattoWee ec shittlo

TaharsanooFEhutshittle^sSonapulthyCaksorbut

KlishchinnaMuschimmis

NananichNuchee

CleehoahQuockoquor ^

ClahshittleNahchooktlashittleNoopotwatlchI sucksI ti Ive

IsIs

An

A

toto

AA

Is

to

AIs

Is A

IronIceI am DeefInstriment to

tsikimm'

Cetch fish heainI am tiredI am SlepyI am Sorry

KKnifeKnockKelpKUl

L

Lag ( = leg)Loar Cías of

popleLet me LookLand

LaguefLike this

LightningLockLet goLastnightLeeksLiying fellow

po:a}'atu'(tcitl)

qabsa'¿)at' =to be killed

tlictHn'=/ooim oc stcim'

'na'na''nitc^*nutci' =

mountain

qwa'' =to be thu^, like thist'lehcitl

iatciti

:e':e't'aq'tla' =to tell lies^

»-anool is apparently-a'nui "long object, along." In Barkley Sound Nootka "knife"is '.ak*'yak'.

"-tátl is momentaneous suffix. In Barkley Sound Nootka "to knock" is tsoq'icitl."'nato- "to look," 'natcsa'Hs "let me lookl"•5 Distributive plural gwa'qwa''.» '.staqstutl "to tell a lie. " /(- of "Itiive" probably to be understood aa '.aii-, phonetic

variant of '.et'-.


AcoalthyWaughahneYouhesishYaakIsiccomiss 'Sarsupt

EluihsoolSiyee'sAnnecatsmahIacopsCloonimmeYoushaneek^'CleheliyIacops Elomas

Clocoba^oOmazexcoImlthy"SeeyahOquilthClucksomah

toA

totheA

AAAAAIsAA

AAthethat IstoA

ArehischanwolthyNitscocostthyhowillpiliso

NoesahIseecomittshannas^^Cheetuqualish^Clah

IsA

AA

LendLand orterLightLov

'alko-tiwa'xni'

Lean of a WhaleLarge Rope

MMouthMiddle fingerMarkManMooseMake hastMattMan of another

TownMouseMotherMoonMeeMakeMastMove this wayMove that wayMotherless

Daughter

NNoseNeckNightNight

.Now

hinaksul=Zipi

tcakop'=7?iafot'lo'nim'

'umi'i'q'so*

si'ya''okwi'ltlaqsim'

nit'sa'tsikumits

tlah• Containing suffix -mis, frequently employed for nouns indicating mass." In Barkley Sound Nootka "middle finger" is tataii/itaf¡"nukum< "eldest in hand.'•' 'C'C'ica' in Barkley Sound Nootka.*' tlitsa'.ok'" in Barkley Sound Nootka is "rat." "Mouse" is 'a'ak'tik'." Hopal in Barkley Sound Nootka.

in Barkley Sound Nootka.


AnneekebesahClahoquilthShumcathatNoochathatAhateset

CheneekenetAtuckchaatKyoquotChecbeseetClisutQuoshkeenowhatKashchoatMarsetsmanoih

Otso-osuttKitits mahatsClioquotUhistbetbeClyesuhtotootch

SawwarkutlahCutsahMoo DoSuche DoNoopaAtlapooAtlequilSawaquilhiyou

Is

•

DoDo

Do

Do

Do

Is

Is

Is

NarrowNight before LastNames of thetowns which theyvisit and tradewhich Is to theNorth of Neaky

Names of thetowns to theSouthward ofNootka

OnetwothreeForefiveSixthSevenEightNineTen :

nutca'i'ath'i'hatis'ath

qa''yo'&wath

tia'o'kwi'ath

toto't'c=thundering (per

sonal name)t'sawa'k''atia'qatst'sa'mo''sut'ca''nup'u''atlpu''atlakwalt'sawa'kwalhayu'

1916.] Indian Vocabularies. . 195

NOTE whon tbey Count up to teen they Begin again toone and Count as folowSawcates IsCutsaute^ DoMooyak^Suchaka*^Noopake*'Attheacalth hyack*'

Sawakulthy auch**

hisoyarck*' IsNOTE that they donot

haxup Istoque^^ an .ClackamissClakamasishmictoohish*ÛnnahQuersapMistook Iacop^^ anMittookclotsmah^^ An

twentythirthy

. fortyfiftySeventyEighty

Ninety

one hundredCount Any hier

0

OversotOrnementOylOyllyoldOnlyOpenOld manold women

tsaqe'ts

muyi'q' = 80sut'ci'q' = 100'nupu'q' = 120'atlakwaii'q' =

160t'sawa'kwaliq' =

180

then one hundre(

t'uxwi'tlaq'mictlaq'misi'ts (?)

'an'a''

"Perhaps Qotclsiq' "sixty" ( = 3 x 2 0 ) is meant. "Thirty" is trnqe'ts 'ic"20 and 10."

" =4 X 20. -ak, -aka, -ake, is -t'a' " so and so many x 20. " These numbers are heremisunderstood. "Forty" is 'atU'q' "2 x 20."

« =6 X 20. See note 44. "Fifty" is 'tUliq' 'ic |âyu' "2 x 20 and 10. "

" =6 X 20. See note 44. "Seventy" is Qatcteiq' 'ic Ifayu' "3 x 20 and 10."" =8 X 20. See note 44. "Eighty" is muyiq', see note 44. This vooabulary omits

'o(!jm"fl' " 140" =7 X 20.

*8 =9 X 20. See note 44. "Ninety" is muyi'q* 'ic J^yu' "4 x 20 and 10.""Possibly iayuq' "200" =10 x 20. See note 44. "The hundred" is «u&«a', see

note 45.»0 Wrong. Higher unit is 200 = 10 x 20.

Bi 1 have not this word available for eomparison, but it is implied by Cuxâukwin*"owl," which clearly means "with ornament in nose."

M '«"fct'n» in Barkley Sound Nootka." Evidently containing lo'ta'ma' "woman. "


Clutawar^*OquappaQuickomis

YakukyukuchishIshatoquotleeCutshittleCheecheeshittleOyaMoochitchharmartoltCape chittle

Reparshell

OatisClohapa

Capshittle

MoxcyTasheyes^^

tashesMicklahAhitsee

Ktedseap

Tleetelee

Shelah

toAis

isto BeAtotoistototo

the

A

to

IsA

A

A

A

to

A

PPadle ofPaddlePaint

PainPainfuUPerl shellPinchPullPreasentlyPut onPuttoffPint

Palm of yourhand

R

Ring fingerRed fish

Robe or sted( = steal)

RooksRivorsoCawled( = called)Rode or pathRainRoot they dig in

springRoot Like Sax-

safaxRub

Root

'uxuap'qwahmis=

red paintya'kuk'"

hictsuqwati'

tci'tci'tl(tlah) 'oyi''mutcitcba'nahtutlkop'citl =

to point

'o-'at'so'flehapib =

red cod

'muks'yi' = rockst'aci'yis(?)

iaci"'mitla'.a!aifeo' =

wild clover rootqiltso'p' =

wild rhubarb (?)titlti"ya'

{iterative)citla'=fern root

"íKJciíi in Barkley Sound Nootka." Probably "road along beach," referring to strait or inlet.


Mahwah

YetsookCommatackôtle

Clasepe

tupvilthyShuokshittleWinnepuSahah

Quotlukt

Tuboshittle^MarletleJophalah^^QuissRolthyTentleMahaklent^'ClealchmobtahtoxsexOpahooslahahOpeetullackWayachSacolthyTairiltCashaEnashosesahNutsohyehMooshsapSuchshittle'Tasamah

to

toto

A .

toto

toAA

AtoAA

tototo Be

toIA

to

Return

Run• Remember

c

Sholder

Solt warterStrikeStay •Salmon

Skin of an orter(a sea-otter)

Skin. Ship

SpeearSnowSlaveScoldSunSisterStairsSunriseSunsetSleepSet downSickSmokesShall i Come inSeeSnakeShutSpilSilince

'ma'wa'' =to take home

ya'tsuk' = to gokam'at'ap' =

to know

t'iahsa^im' =shouMer blade

toi»al

wi'napi'so'ha' =

spring salmonkwatlaq'

kwi'sqo'l

lo'tc''mo'p'

we'itc

te'iiqwi'ca' = smoke

'náts'a'heiyi''mucsa'p'

" tsax'yak' in Barkley Sound Nootka." In Barkley Sound Nootka "sun" is hopal (cf. "moon"), also 'no's (properly "day-

light"). "Son" ie expressed by ta'na' "child" or Ifa'mlatl "boy."

198 American Anüquarian Society. [April,

Capshittle»Coockamaah^^Cahnocuch

MislshittlePooallyahtooTsestobWeechittle

CloopChee che cheEh ahcomiptiAhuptack^ä

toAA

toI amAI am

Is

IsChechesoughtomeMarsSison«"SupultWayshittleClackcoAnmteshittle^^Why

Atototo

IsCloopanishness^^SotahRyah

Commetax

ChummosCashoas

the

Is

IsA

SteelSmoll fishSnare to Coetch

geeseSmellSlepyStringSory

T

ToungueTeethThumThighToesTownTalkTake holdThrow awayThank youTell or toldThenTis a fine day

* Tail of anythingTake Care .

U

understand

V

VatualsVillage so called

miscitlpo'al'atu (tcitl)t'siato'p'

¿cup'tcitcitci''ihkumits

ma'as

walicitlt'liko"'

sit'a'

kam'at'ap'

"8 Perhaps ktoikims' "variety of bass."" In Barkley Sound Nootka 'aptsiiaq'tli' (from hip to knee)." In Barkley Sound Nootka tsig'citl."Possibly '.^m't'citl "to name."^ Seems to contain tlopa'' "to be hot" and 'na'a "day."


W

ClotchmarToguine*'Enicksee

WasserAhchuklah

UlummahClochahCloopahUckhucCleeshittle»Cheemah**MarmookChoemetahhuaAhwelt lance

Cliptshittle»AhtoopWay yuchAhkuckMarkCometuckClaekAckcalammack^^

Ahchuckistick^^

Oshtock

AhoSuwar

" In Barkiey Sound" Derivative of fei- '" Derivative of '090-" Derivative of 'atea

AA

Is

A

IAtoIsIs

to

AtoIs

to

Isis

Nootka toi'na*'to out.""what?""who7"

WomanWor CarnooWood in

JennaralWhaveWhat is your

NameWoodenimageWiseWormWhat is thatWright or markWor KnifeWorkWellWindWhite haded

EaguelWashWild sarlaryWhoWhat is thatWhaleWallkWhales blubborWhat have you

BestWhat Do you

Call itWork

Yyesyour

to'ts'ma'

'iniks'yi'

'atcaqla'(hak')

'aqak'

ma'mok'"

yu"i'

'aqak'ma''ak'

t'ta'q'

ha"a'so ' 'wa' = 2/OM

200 American Aniiqitarian Society. [April,

Ar ayuckisii

Ií;ih\veltíuleiiar(ju(itlcAluneWaluvor

A V(H ARULAIÍV

AT W A S I I I N *

Síjuaíisang

-^tingS( UÜIJOItli

Slitinsung(loathlyí"1ia]u[iionalth

Stainsaien('lahllisijUOTIriwil

í'haeh'rsabnootaseCasitiggonNuckky

lullS veKongtychetso(lew(¿imn

KíikkahKahü"^"lU'lieates1, lekkush

AA

OF Till

roNt 1.-

i?

toth<'

isis thethe

tiie

the

isis

yes very inurh

youthYoun^ WomanYi'slerdayyou saii.1

II. IIAIDA

: 1 LANTÍTAGE AT ,

LAM) ! IN S LATID

One

'ï\sothreeforefiveSixîh

i:ightiSinc

La

TenFivel'>nyu

Ask your NameSreorler SkinReadsKainSunMoonStaríí

Ship (ir CarinooSufficient or

plentyMnnyoursIrongood

ha-a':!ya'aq'"is (

ha"wl!atlhn'kwa'ti' a ' l i i i "

\va"\va"' = io soy

ÎAKKirKS INI

)2 A iA ïNt! 1

sííoa'nsiñ

stiñltai'i)ulstA'nsíñLei!

sta'nsAñxa

AÎî'nptLioaiisi'iLà'A!

tc'a'aníiilfi'dji ^/'Ví vafiasíñ=/íi'i/'

(ialq!ef ; sín-,s/,//qoñk'.Li'iidaLÜ

qoan

í'h"ia

i!ír-isl a {i<i/)'l

Inclíari Vocabularies. 201

lía (I nor ;j Ilaidaword,Chinook jargon,from Xootka

tat.- oTiingarCiintíeSheeSlinQualah(,'ap!ahCharneeChart eeTingii^hstongQudenKeakurigKyitIiitah'J'utsong

T-atikiongC'otiilahCliitoCluearililaititSmoahitSeaiengahettiigoCongithüüCoy a hKongiSkeealyQuoonCahiseeTritsahTahngitTiningSkceequoiQtiQuail

thethe

tototototothetheathe

thetototothe

thetheA

WindS(c or í lllt warte!íri'ash watterKnile or lîasorXod.ethreailEaghtDriiikSh'e])(liveUndertsandMasatreeliopchut niadc of

HandCianiieni of DlttcSteal(jouay

Conic here againCiiiefInfeear ChiefLooar ClassName ofaVilageName of a ChiefEyesICyebrowsNosehairt;heekTongueTeerfiBeirdV.arAVhal

t a d j u

g:AnL

sxaoslîrik'lehjota lo cni

gndi-:ù

qët

dadjî'fi

q!üíta

ïLgas c

?;ô'ya = jxañgeskiat.sektmq;3SillëltsülatäfiAlt(;!íñsq !ooí eg"ugû'sO


GomeKingEnchetyEner

IS

tothethe

NoSeechildWoman

gAmqíñ

i'na = ío marry

III. TLINGIT

AIYOCABULAHY OF NOEFOLK SoUND | LANGUAGELATIT 57 : 30

Lëq!dëxnatslkdaqlû'nkë'djînLe'ducudaxa'ducuna'tslkuducu'gucû'kdjî'nkât

Staack isToiach IsNooachTackenKeicheenCletuscheenTakaluschutNooashachustKooeshushChin Cat

OnetwoThreeForeFiveSixthSevenEightNineTen

IV. ESKIMO

A I VOCABULAKY OF P R I N C E W I L L I A M | SOUND LANGUAGE

AsthlenockMatchnockPinglulingStaackmanTlachmanInglewlinCoolin

Is

Is

Is

OneTwoThoseForeFiveSixthTeen

atâûchëkmälrükpïnggnïyûnstamentatlëmënah'vïnlïggïnköln

vocabularies from the northwest coast of america

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