VISUAL ELEMENTS OF

AN IMAGE

do you want to prepare a delicious meal

well, you're going to need a few things ...

the ingredients

and what shall we do with them?

we have to combine them following certain instructions :

the recipe

and what happens if you want to create an image

It doesn´t matter what it is

a painting

a drawing

a photograph

an illustration

A poster

A logo

you will need

the basic elements

the dot

the line

a plane

form

the

volumetric shape

the texture

the colour the colour the colour the colour the colour the colour the colour

and then

you

will

have

to that

place organize

them the

according images

to

some

laws

the laws of

composition

????? How about we look for those elements in a

couple of images?

plane shape volumetric

shape

line

dot colour

texture

plane shape

line

dot colour

texture

volumetric

shape

It is the smallest and the simplest element of art expression.

It´s first finality is to indicate a position.

It can be represented by different shapes depending on it´s

function.

If the dot is bigger than other shapes around, it´s considered a plane.

Definition:

The dot is not always round.

Expressive Capacity

Dots are very close to each other

Dots are very far from each other

Expressive Capacity

Placing dots together or

further apart we get

volume effects and

shadows in the different

shapes.

Tridimensional capacity of the dot:

We can create a sensation of tridimensional space and volume through:

Superposition

Smaller sizes

Colour difference

Shadows

Colour Intensity

Texture

He invented the pointillism technique,

that means to create solid shapes applying a

big amount of small, pure coloured dots over a

white background.

French artist from the

end of the XIXth century.

One of the most

representative artists of

the Neoimpresionism

THE LINE:

Geometric: The line is formed by the intersection of two planes.

It´s represented in a thin,

thick, continuous, discontinuous way.

Artistic: The brand that makes a point to slip on a surface.

DEFINITION:

It adopts a variety of shapes, colours and textures.

EXPRESSIVE CAPACITY:

It depends on the route of it´s layout, color, thickness, the

sharpness of its edges and uniformity.

A uniform and objective line is

used when you´re looking for

clear information

A modulated and subjective

line has infinite expressive

possibilities

COMPOSITIVE CAPACITY:

When we draw a line on a surface , a visual movement emerges.

VERTICAL LINES

Balance and elevation sensation

HORIZONTAL LINES

Quiet, calm and rest sensation.

OBLIQUE AND

CURVED

Instability and dynamism sensation

Ascending lines gives strength and vitality sensation.

Descending lines create visual effects

of depression and decadence

A spiral radiation gives a rolling motion effect.

A radiation of a dot produces an unit and expansion sensation

2.3.A LINE DEFININING FORMS:

In nature the line is suggested, and through our observation, we can isolate and represent it.

It´s used to

structure the

object’s shapes or changes in

plains.

2.4.LINE AND IT´S RESOURCES

1. Volumetric effects: making groups, combining weave… (through concentration and dispersion)

Using oblique lines to create a sensation of depth.

2. Dynamic effects :

With curved and wavy lines

Juxtaposing and intertwining

Kinetic lines

3. O encaixado???Boxing: It´s the basic

geometric figure drawing closer to its shape.

Line constructive possibilities

• The line, in fine art, is a great versatile instrument and it escapes the standards: takes a wide variety of shapes, colours and textures, its outline can be in infinite ways.

It gives shape to the matter: defines the outline of things

Allows for graphics: ideas, thoughts and feelings

It divides spaces and surfaces

Gives structure to the compositions: ( drafts, sketches...)

Establishes visual trajectories: (attraction to the center of interest)

Produces and creates textures

Produces and creates

tonal gradations

Classes of lines: Straight

• A composition in which straight lines,

are predominant gives a sense of direction and length.

Classes of lines: Curved

• A composition in which curved lines,

are predominant express the sense of movement, grace, softness, and voluptuosity.

Classes of lines: Broken

• A composition in which broken lines,

are predominant express the sense of rupture, and eternity.

Classes of lines: Mixed

• A composition in which mixed lines,

are predominant are formed with fragments of straight and curved lines.

• A composition in which perpendicular

lines, are predominant express the sense of balance, strength, and stability.

Classes of lines: Perpendicular

Classes of lines: Wavy

• A composition in which wavy lines,

are predominant express the sense of movement, rhythm, waves and restlessness.

Classes of lines: Convergent

• A composition in which convergent

lines, are predominant express the sense of distance and escape.

Classes of lines: Radial

• A composition in which radial lines,

are predominant expresses the feeling of explosion, blast and violence.

Characteristics of the line

• A single line may contain different visual information about applying pressure on the tool that performs it, so we`ll get lines with different intensity and thickness (value line).

Characteristics of the line For lines with different intensity and saturation,

you will need to have a pressure sensitive instrument, an instrument able to carry variations in strength or weight functions as it slides on the support.

Characteristics of the line

• Intensity:

It depends on the degree of pressure that we apply on the surface with the drawing tool (pencil graphite, charcoal, chalk, etc.).

Characteristics of the line

• Thickness:

The intensity of the resulting stroke is usually accompanied by a proportional thickness: a graphic gesture with more pressure on the support line, would be stronger and thicker.

THE PLANE:

DEFINITION: graphical representation of a

two dimensional surface.

When a line is closed on itself, it begins to

suggest the idea of a plane.

Geometric: it doesn´t

have thickness or limits.

To perceive them, we limit

them with perceptual lines

that originate a variety of

shapes (pentagons,

triangles) Artistic: different color,

size, shape, texture and

thickness as support of

our graphic-artistic

applications

A plane can be graphically described by several

resources:

Delimited by contour

lines

Colour Contrast

Different textures

EXPRESSIVE CAPACITY

AS SUPPORT:

It´s shape conditions our

work, just because it

produces different visual

messages on it´s own.

AS A GRAPHIC ELEMENT: giving color and texture,

size, transparencies, overlaps, we will create optical

illusions or tactile sensations:

We can create plane, volumetric, geometric,

organic, irregular, mixed, accidental

compositions

THE PLANE AND THE SENSATION

OF TRIDIMENSIONAL SPACE

Size difference

Size difference :

The increase or decrease of

the size of one plane to

another, simulates a spatial

distance between them.

It can suggest visual sensations of distance,

closeness and volume.

Colour difference Colour difference:

Warm colors tend to come

closer and cold colors seem

more distant in space.

It can suggest visual sensations of distance,

closeness and volume.

Texture difference:

The smooth and

homogeneous textures give

sense of distance and the

rougher give sense of

closeness.

It can suggest visual sensations of distance,

closeness and volume.

Superposition Superposition:

When a shape overlaps

partially to another it seems to

be forward.

It can suggest visual sensations of distance,

closeness and volume.

Curvatura o doblez Curvature or fold:

The ondulated contours or

folds with edges give a sense

of volume.

It can suggest visual sensations of distance,

closeness and volume.

Shading Shading:

The shading of surfaces

creates a feeling of

volume.

It can suggest visual sensations of distance,

closeness and volume.

COMPOSITIVE CAPACITY

Basic element to divide and compose

the space

If they are ordered in a

vertical and horizontal

direction they will produce a

feeling of quiet

The disposition and

the qualities of the

regular and closed flat

planes, generate a

sense of order and

quiet.

If they appear in diagonal

directions, the visual effect

is of movement.

The curved, overlapped,

irregular and shading

planes suggest an effect

of depth and dynamism.

Basic element to divide and compose

the space

PLANE IN THE SPACE:

SCULPTURE AND

ARCHITECTURE

In three-dimensional works we should consider

concepts such as fullness and emptiness, hollowness

and solid, concave and convex, the flat open and

closed ...

In architecture, the plane is

fundamentally involved in

creating indoor and

outdoor spaces.