PCB DESIGNING & PCB DESIGNING & CIRCUIT CIRCUIT

SIMULATIONSIMULATION

PROJECT:PROJECT:VISITOR COUNTERVISITOR COUNTER

by:by:

AKANKSHA VERMAAKANKSHA VERMA

N.C.I.T.N.C.I.T.

INDEXINDEX

• PCB DESIGNING & CKT SIMULATIONPCB DESIGNING & CKT SIMULATION• PROJECTPROJECT 1.Components1.Components 2.Schematic2.Schematic 3.Working3.Working 4.Future Scope & Limitations4.Future Scope & Limitations

VISITORVISITOR

COUNTERCOUNTER

COMPONENTS:COMPONENTS:• Voltage Regulator LM-7805 ICVoltage Regulator LM-7805 IC• 555 Timer IC555 Timer IC• CD4029 BC- Presettable CD4029 BC- Presettable

Binary/Decade Up/Down Counter ICBinary/Decade Up/Down Counter IC• Opto IsolaterOpto Isolater• HEF 4511B IC-Change BCD to Seven HEF 4511B IC-Change BCD to Seven

Segment Latch\Decorder\DriverSegment Latch\Decorder\Driver• S.S.D. (Seven Segment Display)S.S.D. (Seven Segment Display)• Header 2, Capacitors, Diodes, NPN Header 2, Capacitors, Diodes, NPN

Transistor, Resistor.Transistor, Resistor.

VOLTAGE REGULATOR VOLTAGE REGULATOR

LM7805 ICLM7805 IC

555 Timer IC555 Timer IC

555 -MONOSTABLE 555 -MONOSTABLE MODEMODE

• It is a pulse-generating ckt having one stable & It is a pulse-generating ckt having one stable & one quasi-stable state.one quasi-stable state.

• Since there is only one stable state so it is Since there is only one stable state so it is known as ‘monostable multivibrator’known as ‘monostable multivibrator’

• The duration of the o/p pulse is determined by The duration of the o/p pulse is determined by the RC network connected externally to the the RC network connected externally to the 555 timer.555 timer.

• The stable state o/p is approximately zero.The stable state o/p is approximately zero.

• The external trigger pulse forces the o/p to The external trigger pulse forces the o/p to become high or approx Vcc.become high or approx Vcc.

• After a predetermined length of time the o/p After a predetermined length of time the o/p automatically switches back to the state & automatically switches back to the state & remains low until a trigger pulse is again remains low until a trigger pulse is again applied.applied.

• This cycle repeats again & again. This cycle repeats again & again.

555 –BISTABLE 555 –BISTABLE MODEMODE

CD 4029 BC- Presettable CD 4029 BC- Presettable Binary/Decade Up/Down Binary/Decade Up/Down Counter ICCounter ICFEATURES: FEATURES: • Wide supply voltage range: 3V to 15VWide supply voltage range: 3V to 15V

• Binary or BCD decade up/down countingBinary or BCD decade up/down counting

• Parallel jam inputsParallel jam inputs

HEF 4511B IC-Change BCD to HEF 4511B IC-Change BCD to Seven Segment Latch\Decoder\Seven Segment Latch\Decoder\Driver.Driver.

• This is 16 pin ic having 4 address i/p.This is 16 pin ic having 4 address i/p.

• Active Low I/P Latch Enable , Ripple Blanking , Lamp Active Low I/P Latch Enable , Ripple Blanking , Lamp Test.Test.

• Seven active high n-p-n bipolar transistor segment Seven active high n-p-n bipolar transistor segment outputs.outputs.

• When active low i/p latch enable is low, the state of When active low i/p latch enable is low, the state of the segment o/p is determined by the data on the 4 the segment o/p is determined by the data on the 4 address i/p.address i/p.

• When active low i/p latch enable is high, the last data When active low i/p latch enable is high, the last data present on the 4 i/p address are stored in the latches present on the 4 i/p address are stored in the latches & the segment o/p remain stable.& the segment o/p remain stable.

• When active low i/p lamp test is low, all the segment When active low i/p lamp test is low, all the segment o/p are high independent of all other i/p conditions o/p are high independent of all other i/p conditions but if it is high, a low on ripple blanking i/p forces all but if it is high, a low on ripple blanking i/p forces all segment o/p’s low.segment o/p’s low.

• The i/p’s lamp test & ripple blanking do not affect the The i/p’s lamp test & ripple blanking do not affect the latch ckt.latch ckt.

S.S.D. (Seven Segment S.S.D. (Seven Segment Display)Display)

S.S.D. (Seven Segment S.S.D. (Seven Segment Display)Display)

WORKINGWORKING• Power supply circuit supplies 5V DC to Power supply circuit supplies 5V DC to

the ckt.the ckt.

• When person passes through the space When person passes through the space b/w opto isolator the infra red rays are b/w opto isolator the infra red rays are blocked & transistor stop working then blocked & transistor stop working then the i/p when transistor is in working that the i/p when transistor is in working that is 0 changes into 1 which is given to the is 0 changes into 1 which is given to the i/p of 555 bistable mode ic at 2i/p of 555 bistable mode ic at 2ndnd pin pin

FUTURE SCOPE & FUTURE SCOPE & LIMITATIONSLIMITATIONS

• No. of ssd nd ic we can add for higher No. of ssd nd ic we can add for higher counting.counting.

Advantages:Advantages: It can count person.It can count person. The person entering or exit from The person entering or exit from

anywhere it help in this. anywhere it help in this. Disadvantages:Disadvantages: It can’t work as both.It can’t work as both.

THANKTHANK YOUYOU