vilnius pres carmen z. lamagna
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w h e r e l e a d e r s a r e c r e a t e d
Survival or Revival?Survival or Revival?Higher Education Values Across Time and Higher Education Values Across Time and
CultureCulture
2010 IAU International Conference on Ethics and Values in Higher in the Era of Globalization: What Role for the Disciplines?”
June 24‐26, 2010
MykolasRomeris University
Vilnius, Lithuania
Presented by:
Dr. Carmen Z. Lamagna
Vice Chancellor
American International University‐Bangladesh
American International UniversityAmerican International University‐‐BangladeshBangladesh
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IntroductionIntroduction
• At the dawn of history, man has already acquired some forms of education:
– Learning process was crude, incidental, rote and most of the time, trial and error.
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IntroductionIntroduction
• Two types of Learning– Informal Education or Incidental Type of Learning– Formal Education
• Primary emphasis on 3 R’s– Arithmetic and Mathematics
– Writing– Readings
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Higher Education ValuesHigher Education Values
There are number of values and modalities
which have been applied to cope with the
ever changing socio-cultural-economic and
educational waves. These have been driven
by a number of combined factors such as
economic, technological, socio-cultural,
political and biological.
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H.E. Values: H.E. Values: Globalization visGlobalization vis‐‐àà‐‐vis Regionalizationvis Regionalization
• In higher education , Conceptual Values is a mode of transnational circulation of ideas, languages or popular culture through acculturation
• To be globally competitive, a student should be able to know thetrends from various parts of the world
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H.E. Values: H.E. Values: Globalization visGlobalization vis‐‐àà‐‐vis Regionalizationvis RegionalizationBorderless EducationBorderless Education
• Borderless Education also referred to as virtual education
• Not a traditional structure of the formal system of education
• Time has come that knowledge and skills can be acquired without
barriers and borders of traditional education system
• Advance technology makes non‐traditional education more convenient
to access knowledge
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H.E. Values: H.E. Values: Globalization visGlobalization vis‐‐àà‐‐vis Regionalizationvis RegionalizationTransnational/Across Border EducationTransnational/Across Border Education
• Academic programs and services offered by the developed countries to the developing countries are perceived as beneficial to both societies
• The benefits have associated risks are as follows:– Commercialization
– Commoditization Education Programs
– Increase in the foreign “degree mills”
– Low Quality Providers
– Loss of Cultural and National Identity
– Jeopardy of Quality and the Homogenization of the Curriculum
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H.E. Values: H.E. Values: Academic FreedomAcademic Freedom
This is the freedom of the teachers and students to express their ideas in school without religious or political or institutional restrictions.
•It is a value which is not absolutely free or tolerated due to some negative actions, such as:– Subversive ideas
– Defiance of the policies on how and what to teach
Possible relevant questions to be raised:Why Academic Freedom is important?What are the specific conditions that govern the restriction or facilitating academic freedom?
Does it contribute it to enhance and enrich learning?
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H.E. Values: H.E. Values: Quality Assurance and BenchmarkingQuality Assurance and Benchmarking
The search for quality is an endless endeavor
• The vision and mission of an organization and institution, whichare the inherent guide for the desired direction categorically, speak of quality as its ultimate goal
• The view to implement benchmarking as a tool for quality assurance originated in the private sector and public sector
• Quality assurance conceptualized as, “A planned systematic activity necessary to ensure that a component, module or system conforms with the technical requirements”
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H.E. Values: H.E. Values: IndustryIndustry‐‐University LinkageUniversity Linkage
• Manufacturing and services sector are the major players in employing graduates
• The university have to respond to the industry needs and the emerging technological developments by offering new program and enriching existing ones.
• Education and industry sector linkage should carried out in various dimensions, e.g.– Student internship program
– Resource persons in professional gathering
– Conduct researches
– Sharing of resources in terms of facilities and equipments
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H.E. Values: H.E. Values: Brain Drain Brain Drain –– Brain GainBrain Gain
• In the past, the concept of brain drain is negative and disadvantageous to the country where the professionals or skilled workers come from
• Several reasons why brain drain or people migrate:
– Pursuit of economic advantage
– Political instability– Insurgency
– Degrading Environment
– Dearth of Job Opportunities– Professional Advancement
– Many more
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H.E. Values: H.E. Values: Brain Drain Brain Drain –– Brain GainBrain Gain
• This concept has changed overtime, the professionals are considered human capital (a loss for the country of origin but a gain to the destined country)
• However, when returning to their country of origin, they bring back with them additional resources and it will become brain regained.
– Philippines and Bangladesh – If not for the foreign remittance of the Filipino Overseas Workers, the economic growth of the Philippines is negative. Can there be other modes of sharing like brain exchange?
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H.E. Values: H.E. Values: Lifelong EducationLifelong Education
• Continuing education concept, the more appropriate and
accepted term by educationist and sociologist is lifelong
education
• There is a necessity to acquire new knowledge and skills in any
mode or form, informal, non‐formal or formal
• The concepts on a certain area/field or skills acquired 5 years ago
may be obsolete if not appropriate nor applicable
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H.E. Values: H.E. Values: Public Government and PrivatizationPublic Government and Privatization
• The government gradually deregulates private universities as a result of a certified or accredited academic programs either voluntarily or prescribed by the government
• Government resources, which are exclusive to public, are now shared to the private in promoting quality and excellent higher education programs
• Inasmuch as the private universities are acknowledged as a partner for development and producing highly skilled professionals, education and training to meet the demands of both the national and international markets
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Concluding StatementConcluding Statement
• The dynamic leadership and governance of both public and private higher education institutions likewise play a vital role in the survival and revival of values needed by the academic community.
• Proper orientation, well‐defined vision and platform of the political leaders can make the difference for the survival and revival of these values.
The credibility, the suitability and applicability of these values are all in our
hands.
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