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Module 1. General aspects of hygiene and ecology

Text test questions

1. The wing anemometer has measuring speed of the wind

A. From 0,05-0,1 m/sec;

B. From 0,1 1 m/sec;

C. From 1-10 m/sec;

D. * From 0,5 15 m/sec

E. From 1 to 50 m/sec.

2. A direction and force of a wind is taken into account for need of

A. Illumination of room;

B. Ventilation of room;

C. * Construction and planning of cities

D. Heating of room;

E. None of above.

3. A direction and force of a wind is taken into account for need of

A. Illumination of room;

B. Ventilation of room;

C. * Construction and planning of cities

D. Color of wall;

E. None of above.

4. A hygienic norm of rate of movement of air is in an apartment (in m/s):

A. 0,05 - 0,1;

B. * 0,1 - 0,2;

C. 0,1 - 0,5;

D. 0,2 - 0,3;

E. 0,5 - 1.

5. A quantity of an air that comes into the room during 1 hour is

A. * The volume of ventilation

B. The ratio of ventilation;

C. Kind of ventilation;

D. Amount of oxygen;

E. Amount of carbonic dioxide.

6. Absolute humidity is expressed as

A. * Mm.Mc colume

B. Degrees;

C. Grams per cubic metre of air

D. Kilogram

E. Watt.

7. Absolute humidity is measured by

A. Catatermometer.

B. Hygrometer.

C. Thermometer.

D. Barometer,

E. * Psychrometer

8. Air is dry when relative humidity is

A. * to 30 %

B. to 45 %

C. to 55 %

D. to 70 %

E. to 85 %

9. Air is moist when relative humidity is

A. to 40 %

B. to 55 %

C. 56 60 %

D. 51 85 %

E. * more 60 %

10. Air is not dry when relative humidity is

A. to 30 %

B. to 25 %

C. 25 30 %

D. 25 40 %

E. * 30-40 %

11. Air is not moist when relative humidity is

A. * 40 55 %

B. 56 - 70 %

C. 71 - 85 %

D. more than 85 %

E. more than 95 %

12. Amount of moisture being contained in 1m3 air with at the given temperature is

A. Relative humidity;

B. * Absolute humidity;

C. Maximum humidity;

D. A dew Point;

E. None of above.

13. Anemometer is used for measuring

A. * Air velocity

B. Air temperature

C. Humidity;

D. Cooling power of air;

E. Atmospheric pressure.

14. Anemometer is used for measuring

A. * Air velocity

B. Air temperature;

C. Humidity;

D. Cooling power of air;


15. Anemometer is used for measuring:

A. * Speed of air motion

B. Humidity;

C. Cooling power of air;

D. Atmospheric pressure.

E. Air temperature;

16. At what time limits (mode) does barograph work?

A. Daily

B. Weekly

C. Monthly

D. * Daily and weekly

E. Weekly and monthly

17. At what time limits (mode) does thermograph work?

A. Daily

B. Weekly

C. Monthly

D. * Daily and weekly

E. Weekly and monthly

18. Barograph usually used for:

A. Measuring of temperature of air

B. * Measuring of atmospheric pressure

C. Measuring and registration of changes of temperature of air

D. Measuring of amplitude of changes of temperature of air

E. Measuring and registration of temperature of body

19. Choose the place, for which temperature 20C is normal:

A. Ward for newborns

B. * Ward for adults

C. Hospital passage

D. Operative department

E. Industry buildings

20. Device for measuring of atmosphere pressure is

A. Sphygmomanometer

B. * Barometer- aneroid

C. Anemometer

D. Psychrometr.

E. Pyranometr.

21. Device for measuring of rate of movement of air:

A. is an actinometry;

B. is psychrometer;

C. * is catathermometer;

D. is a barometer;

E. is a thermometer.

22. Doctors of hyperbaric oxygenation wards

23. For measuring of air temperature in an apartment thermometer placed in a centre at the level of a 2,5 m from a floor and in 5 minutes took off result. What is wrong?

A. a device is wrong chosen, catathermometer is needed;

B. research is necessary executed not in a centre an apartment, but at a window;

C. a checkin measuring is not observed;

D. * a measuring level is wrong, it is necessary at the level of a 1,5 m from a floor;

E. Researches are necessary executed not in a centre, but at a door.

24. For the calculation of rate of air movement by Catathermometer necessary

A. * A factor of Catathermometer;

B. Atmospheric pressure;

C. Relative humidity;

D. Area of window;

E. A volume of apartment.

25. For the hygienic inspection of classroom measured the light coefficient, area of floor, volume of apartments, speed motions of air near a vent opening and its area, temperature of air. What parameters are needed for a calculation of multipleness of ventilation?

A. A light coefficient, volume of apartment and temperature of air;

B. Necessary researches are not conducted;

C. an area of room and light coefficient;

D. a temperature of air and rate of its movement at vent openings;

E. * a volume of classroom, rate of movement of air at vent openings and opening area.

26. For what does use of psychrometer?

A. * for determination of absolute humidity of air;

B. for research of atmospheric pressure of air;

C. for the record of dynamics of air humidity;

D. for research of rate of air movement;

E. for determination of intensity of infrared rays.

27. Graphical diagram, which characterizes number of a wind in the given district, measured by long-term observations name

A. Wind direction;

B. * Rose of winds;

C. Air velocity;

D. Speed of the wind;

E. Cooling power of air.

28. Heat irradiation through convection and radiation gets lower in case of:

A. Low air temperature

B. High velocity of the air

C. Bright artificial illumination

D. * Usage of fans

E. Low velocity of the air

29. Heat irradiation through convection and radiation gets lower in case of:

A. Low air temperature

B. * High air temperature

C. High air velocity

D. Bright artificial illumination

E. Usage of fans

30. ?Heat loss of the body through the radiation growth when:

A. * When the temperature of the nearest surfaces is low

B. When the temperature of the nearest surfaces is high

C. When the humidity of the nearest surfaces is low

D. When the humidity of the nearest surfaces is high

E. When there are no surfaces around

31. Heating effect of the air is not enhanced with:

A. Low velocity of the air

B. High humidity

C. High radiation temperature

D. * High atmosphere pressure

E. Hard work

32. High altitude is good for one of following persons

A. Suffering from chronic bronchitis,

B. Suffering from diseases of heart,

C. Suffering from infections of kidneys,

D. * Suffering from anemia

E. Suffering from diseases of liver.

33. High altitude is good for one of following persons

A. * Suffering from anemia;

B. Suffering from chronic bronchitis,

C. Suffering from diseases of heart,

D. Suffering from infections of kidneys,

E. Suffering from emphysema.

34. How does high humidity of air influence on the ways of heat emission of man ?

A. Increases radiation

B. Decreases a convection

C. Increases a perspiration

D. * Decreases perspiration

E. Decreases a radiation

35. How does mark a calm in a wind rose?

A. By a circle the diameter of which equals the number of calmsv

B. * By a circle the radius of which equals the number of calms

C. By a circle length of which equals the number of calms

D. circle, the area of which equals the number of calms

E. circle, the diameter of which equals the number of calms

36. How does the hair of hygrometer react on changing of humidity?

A. At growth of humidity shortens

B. * At growth of humidity lengthens

C. At diminishing of humidity lengthens

D. At drying lengthens

E. At growth of humidity changes the diameter

37. How many scales on the clock-face of anemometer?

A. One

B. Two

C. * Three

D. Four

E. Five

38. How many types of anemometers you know?

A. 1

B. * 2

C. 3

D. 4

E. 5

39. How much rhumbs must be in the rose of wind?

A. 4;

B. 6;

C. * 16;

D. 15;

E. 20.

40. Humidity of air influence on next kind of exchange in human body

A. Vitamins exchange;

B. * Heat exchange;

C. Protein exchange;

D. Fat exchange;

E. Gas exchange.

41. Hygienic norm of relative humidity of air in apartments (in %):

A. 20-28;

B. 20-40;

C. 30-90;

D. * 30-60;

E. 60-80.

42. Hygienic norms of temperature of air in a dwelling apartment (in 0):

A. From + 16 to +18;

B. + 16;

C. From + 18 to +20;

D. * From + 20 to +22;

43. From + 22 to +24.

44. Hygrograph registers air humidity changes

A. for a day and a hour.

B. * for a day and a week

C. for a day and a month.

D. for a week and a month

E. for a hours and a month.

45. In what unit measuring speed of air?

A. Meters

B. Hours;

C. Centimeters;

D. * Meter per second

E. m3/hour.

46. In what units does estimate speed and force of wind?

A. * In meters per second

B. In marks

C. In kilometers for a minute

D. In meters for a minute

E. In percents

47. In what units measured humidity?

A. m/s

B. points

C. km/min

D. m/min

E. * %

48. In which case both thermometers in psychrometer will show the same temperature?

A. When relative humidity is 0%

B. When relative humidity is 60%

C. When relative humidity is 100%

D. * When relative humidity is 60-80%

E. Its impossible

49. In which one of the following conditions may development "Caisson's disease"?

A. Effects of decreased Atmospheric Pressure;

B. Effects of Increased temperature;

C. * Effects of Increased Atmospheric Pressure

D. Effects of decreased temperature;

E. None of the above.

50. Inside of barometer-aneroid

A. Little bundle of hair.

B. Mercury thermometer.

C. * box without air

D. System of aneroid boxes.

E. Alcogol thermometer

51. Inside of capillary tube of maximal thermometer is

A. Alcohol;

B. * Mercury;

C. Iron;

D. Water;

E. Air.

52. Inside of capillary tube of minimal thermometer is

A. * Alcohol;

B. Mercury;

C. Iron;

D. Water;

E. Air.

53. Kata thermometer is used for measuring

A. Air temperature;

B. Humidity;

C. Radiation temperature;

D. * Cooling power of air


54. Low temperature of air conduce to the increase of next ways of heat loses

A. Perspiration;

B. Radiation;

C. Convections and perspiration;

D. Conduction and radiation;

E. * Convections and conduction.

55. Main principle of psychrometers work consists in what?

A. in research of maintenance in mid air of amount of air ions;

B. * in research of difference of temperature of dry and moist thermometers in psychrometer;

C. in measuring of difference of barometric pressure in a morning and evening day part;

D. in measuring of temperature of air in the 3 points of apartment and calculation of average;

E. in determination of time of cooling of catthermometer from 38 0 to 35 0 .

56. Maximal humidity of air depend from

A. Atmospheric pressure;

B. * Temperature of air;

C. Relative humidity;

D. the deficit of satiation;

E. Temperature of body.

57. Name kinds of discomfort microclimate:

A. * Calefacient, cooling

B. Calefacient, radiating

C. Cooling, hyper terming

D. Allowable, unallowable

E. Optimal and not optimal

58. Name normal middle temperature in class room.:

A. +16 - +180 C

B. +18 - +200 C

C. +16 - + 190 C

D. * +20 - +220 C

E. +22 - +25 0C

59. Name normal middle temperature in class room.:

A. +16 - +180 C

B. * +18 - +200C

C. +16 - + 190 C

D. +20 - +220 C

E. +22 - +250 C

60. Name normal middle temperature in living room.

A. +16 - +180 C

B. +18 - +200C

C. +16 - + 190 C

D. * +20 - +220 C

E. +22 - +25 0C

61. Name the advantages of the aspirative psychrometer

A. Indicates relative humidity

B. Works quickly

C. Is protected from the heat radiation

D. * Is protected from heat radiation and air velocity

E. Not correct

62. Name the parameters, which not characterized microclimate:

A. Humidity of air;

B. Temperature;

C. * Chemical structure of air

D. Speed of air motion;

E. Radiation temperature

63. Name the parameters, which not characterized microclimate:

A. Humidity of air;

B. Temperature;

C. * Chemical structure of air

D. Speed of air motion;

E. Radiation temperature.

64. Name the types of thermometers according to the way of measurement:

A. Electric, water

B. Alcoholic, Hg, aspirating

C. * Alcoholic, Hg, electric

D. Maximal and minimal

E. Day and week

65. Natural ventilation is caused by

A. Difference of the temperature of outside and inside air;

B. Wind force;

C. * A and B both.

D. Color of wall;

E. None of above.


A. Difference of the temperature of outside and inside air;

B. Wind force;

C. * A and B both

D. Color of wall;

E. None of above.

67. Natural ventilation largely depends on the following natural forces:

A. * Difference of temperatures inside an apartment and outside of the apartment and increased pressure on the walls of external air at wind

B. B. Difference of temperatures and humidity inside an apartment and outside

C. C. Difference of speed of motion of air inside an apartment and outside

D. D. A presence of sources of radiation temperature inside of apartment

E. E. Difference of pressure of air inside an apartment and outside

68. Normal indices of airs humidity is

A. 10-20 %;

B. 70-80 %;

C. 20-30 %;

D. * 30-60 %;

E. 80-100 %.

69. On how many parts is divided the temperature scale on Celsius?

A. 180

B. 80

C. * 100

D. 120

E. 50

70. One of the earliest temperature scales was that devised by

A. * Fahrenheit

B. Celsius;

C. Kelvin;

D. Reaumur;


71. One of the following is not effect of cold and dry air on the body.

A. All the body functions are more active;

B. Breathing is deeper and more frequent,

C. * Loss of appetite

D. The circulation of blood is increased;

E. A process of digestion is stimulated.

72. Psychrometer Assmana used for measuring?

A. temperature

B. * humidity

C. atmospheric pressure

D. speed of air motion

E. cooling ability of air

73. Psychrometer Augusta used for measuring?

A. temperature

B. * humidity

C. atmospheric pressure

D. speed of air motion

E. cooling ability of air

74. Relative air humidity is

A. Difference between absolute and maximal humidity

B. Max humidity/ absolute humidity in %

C. Maximal humidity + absolute humidity

D. Absolute humidity + max humidity

E. * absolute humidity/max humidity in %

75. Relative humidity is measured by

A. Catatermometer.

B. * Hygrometer

C. Thermometer.

D. Barometer

E. Psychrometer

76. Research of microclimate of apartments is conducted in a hospital. What device use for measure the temperature of air ?

A. * Psychrometer;

B. Anemometer;

C. Aspirator;

D. Katatermometer;

E. Piranometer.

77. Rosa of winds it is

A. Repetition of direction of winds is for the short interval of time in this locality;

B. direction of motion of winds is in an environment;

C. * graphic image of repetition of winds in this locality on rhumbs for the protracted interval of time;

D. frequency of winds of certain direction is in this locality.

E. Repetition of direction of winds is for the protracted interval of time.

78. The air changes in the room during 1 hour when all windows and doors are closed may be not more

A. * 0,5

B. 1,5;

C. 2,5;

D. 5,0;

E. 25.

79. The catathermometer is used for determination speed of air motion

A. * From 0,1-0,3 m/sec;


C. From 1-10 m/sec;

D. From 0,1 15 m/sec

E. From 1 to 50 m/sec

80. The catathermometer is used for determination:

A. * rates of movement of air;

B. to humidity of air;

C. temperatures of air;

D. atmospheric pressure;

E. radiant radiation.

81. The cup anemometer has measuring speed of the wind

A. From 0,05-0,1 m/sec;


C. From 1-10 m/sec;


E. * From 1 to 50 m/sec

82. The method of anemometry is use for determination:

A. * rates of movement of air a more than 1 m/s;

B. rates of movement of air a less than 0,5m/s;

C. a relative humidity;

D. middle temperature of air;

E. absolute humidity.

83. The most fatal complication which can occur to divers (under high atmospheric pressure)

A. Pulmonary oedema;

B. * Air embolism

C. Rupture of spleen;

D. Myocardial infarction;

E. None of above.

84. The relative humidity of the air in case of calefacient microclimate is:

A. * Over 70%

B. Over 65%

C. Over 60%

D. Over 55%

E. Over 30%

85. The wing anemometer has measuring speed of the wind:

A. From 0,05-0,1 m/sec;


C. * From 1-10 m/sec;


E. From 1 to 50 m/sec

86. Thermograph registers air temperature changes

A. for a day and a hour.

B. * for a day and a week.

C. for a day and a month.

D. for a week and a month

E. for a hours and a month.

87. Thermograph usually used for

A. Measuring of temperature of air

B. * Registration of changes of temperature of air

C. Measuring and registration of changes of temperature of air

D. Measuring of amplitude of changes of temperature of air

E. Measuring and registration of temperature of body

88. To the methods of ventilation intensification belong

A. Opening of windows,

B. Opening window leaves,

C. Transoms;

D. Ventilating channel;

E. * All are correct

89. Units of atmosphere pressure measuring

A. * Mm.Mc colume

B. Degrees;

C. Grams per cubic metre of air.

D. Kilogram;

E. Watt.

90. Units of temperature measuring:

A. Mm.Mc colume

B. * Degrees;

C. Grams per cubic metre of air.

D. Kilogram;

E. Watt.

91. What are temperature norms for the leaving rooms (C)?

A. 16 -18;

B. 16;

C. 18 - 20;

D. * 20 - 22;

E. 22 - 24.

92. What basic indexes of hygienical estimation of temperature condition ?

A. Minimum temperature, difference in horizontal lines and vertical lines

B. Maximal temperature, difference in horizontal lines and vertical lines

C. * Middle temperature, difference in horizontal lines and vertical lines

D. Optimal temperature, difference in horizontal lines and vertical lines

E. Possible temperature, difference in horizontal lines and vertical lines

93. What compensate mechanisms do work at raising in mountains?

A. Increase of Increase of blood pressure;

B. Decrease of Increase of blood pressure;

C. * An increase of amount of red corpuscles is in blood

D. Decrease of amount of red corpuscles is in blood

E. pain in joints and muscles

94. What deficit of satiation ?

A. * A difference is between maximal and relative humidity

B. A difference is between maximal and absolute humidity

C. A difference is between absolute and relative humidity

D. Difference between maximal and by the point of dew

E. Difference between absolute and by the point of dew

95. What devise used for registration of bodys temperature?

A. Catatermometer.

B. * Maximal mercury thermometer

C. Minimal alcohol thermometer.

D. Minimal mercury thermometer.

E. Luxmeter.

96. What disease appears during influence of high air pressure?

A. Mountains disease.

B. Hypertension.

C. * Caisson disease

D. Stenocardia.

E. Goiter.

97. What disease is caused with the high temperature?

A. * Heatstroke

B. Infrared cataract

C. Sunstroke

D. Ultraviolet eritema

E. Burn

98. What disease is caused with the low temperature?

A. * Owercooling

B. Infrared cataract

C. Sunstroke

D. Ultraviolet eritema

E. Burn

99. What do you need to evaluate air velocity using katatermometer?

A. * Katatermometer factor

B. Pressure

C. Humidity

D. of window leaf

E. Volume of the room

100. What does atmospheric pressure depend on?

A. Geographic longueurs

B. * Altitude

C. Air temperature

D. Altitude and geographic longueurs

E. Altitude and geographic latitude

101. What does maximal humidity depend on?

A. Atmospheric pressure

B. * Temperature of the air

C. Relative humidity

D. Saturation deficit

E. Dew point

102. What does not behave to physical properties of air?

A. * infrared rays;

B. a temperature of air;

C. a humidity;

D. a rate of movement of air;

E. atmospheric pressure.

103. What factor does atmospheric pressure depend from?

A. Geographical longitude

B. * A height above the level of sea

C. * Temperature of air

D. Height above the level of sea and geographical breadth

E. Height above the level of sea and geographical longitude

104. What functions of hygrograph ?

A. Measuring of absolute humidity

B. Measuring of relative humidity

C. Record of changes of absolute humidity

D. * Record of changes of relative humidity

E. Measuring and record of changes of relative humidity

105. What humidity is normal for leaving rooms?

A. * 30-60 %

B. 30-50 %

C. 40-50 %

D. 50-60 %

E. 30-40 %

106. What humidity measures by a hygrometer ?

A. Absolute

B. * Relative

C. Maximal

D. Absolute and relative

E. Relative and maximal

107. What humidity of air is rationed?

A. maximal;

B. minimum;

C. absolute;

D. * relative;

E. none of above.

108. What information is needed for the calculation of relative humidity?

A. absolute humidity and temperature of air;

B. maximal humidity and rate of movement of air;

C. * absolute and maximal humidity;

D. maximal humidity and atmospheric pressure;

E. minimum humidity and rate of movement of air.

109. What information is needed for the calculation of rate of air movement by the method of catathermometry?

A. A volume of apartment;

B. Pressure of air;

C. Humidity of air;

D. * Time of cooling of catathermometer;

E. A rate of movement of air (middle).

110. What information is needed for the calculation of rate of air movement by Catathermometer?

A. Volume of apartments;

B. Relative humidity;

C. Atmospheric pressure;

D. area of windows;

E. * Temperature of air.

111. What is psihrometry used for?

A. * To evaluate absolute humidity

B. To study atmospheric pressure

C. To fixate air humidity dynamics

D. To study air velocity

E. To study infrared light

112. What is put aside on rhumbs by wind roses ?

A. Directions of winds

B. * Repetition of directions of winds

C. Speed of winds

D. Repetition of speed of winds

E. Direction and speed of motion of winds

113. What is the norm of air velocity (m/s)?

A. 0,05 - 0,1;

B. * 0,1 - 0,2;

C. 0,1 - 0,5;

D. 0,2 - 0,3;

E. 0,5 - 1.

114. What is the norm of optimal average temperature for the educational building?

A. +16 - +180

B. * +18 - +200

C. +16 - +200

D. +20 - +250

E. +22 - +250

115. What is the norm of optimal relative humidity for the hospital?

A. 30-40 %.

B. 30-70 %.

C. 40-70 %.

D. * 40-60 %.

E. 50-80 %.

116. What is the norm of relative humidity for rooms (%)?

A. 20-28;

B. 20-40;

C. 30-90;

D. * 30-60;

E. 60-80.

117. What is the sensitive part of barograph?:



C. * Bimetal plate



118. What is the sensitive part of hygrograph?:

A. * Little bundle of hair.


C. Bimetal plate



119. What is the sensitive pert of thermograph?



C. * Bimetal plate



120. What is typical for Heatstroke?

A. * Tachycardia

B. Bradycardia

C. Respiratory arrhythmia

D. Extrasystoly

E. Fibrillation


A. * Olig- and anuria

B. Polyuria

C. Dysuria

D. Polakiuria

E. Enuresis


A. Hemodilution

B. * Hemoconcentration

C. Hyper coagulation

D. Hypo coagulation

E. Hemolysis

123. What is used to measure relative humidity?

A. Thermometer

B. Thermograph

C. * Hygrometer

D. Barometer

E. Katatermometer

124. What is wind direction?

A. is the direction where the wind is blowing;

B. * is the direction from which the wind is blowing;

C. is the direction of overwhelming amount of winds;

D. All are correct;

E. All are wrong.

125. What limits does cylindrical katatermometer have?

A. 0 - + 350

B. 0 - + 40 0

C. +33 - + 400

D. * + 35 - + 38 0

E. + 35 - + 40 0

126. What parameter of the microclimate we can measuring with the help of Kata thermometer?

A. Air temperature;

B. Point of dew;

C. Relative moisture;

D. * Speed of air moving

E. Resulting temperature.

127. What setting of barograph ?

A. Measuring of atmospheric pressure

B. * Registration of vibrations of atmospheric pressure

C. Measuring of atmospheric pressure and temperature of air

D. Measuring of amplitude of vibrations of atmospheric pressure

E. Registration of vibrations of atmospheric pressure is for a month

128. What should be used for measurement of air velocity in the room?

A. Cup anemometer

B. Wing anemometer

C. Psihrograf

D. * Katatermometer

E. Thermometer

129. What thermometer is used for fixing of the highest temperature for certain period of time ?

A. Alcohol thermometer;

B. Minimal thermometer;

C. * Maximal thermometer;

D. Electric thermometer;

E. Mercury thermometer.

130. What thermometer is used for measuring of low temperatures ?

A. * Alcohol thermometer;


C. Maximal thermometer;



131. What thermometer is used for measuring of high temperatures ?:



C. * Maximal thermometer;



132. What thermometer is used for measuring of high temperatures ?





E. * Mercury thermometer.

133. What thermometer is used for measuring of low temperatures ?:


B. * Minimal thermometer;




134. What thermometer is used for registration and fixing of the lowest temperature for certain period of time ?

A. * Alcohol thermometer;





135. What type of airs humidity using for estimation microclimate condition?

A. Minimum humidity;

B. Middle humidity;

C. * Relative humidity

D. Maximum humidity;

E. General humidity

136. What type of airs humidity using for estimation microclimate condition?

A. Minimum humidity;

B. Middle humidity;

C. * Relative humidity

D. Maximum humidity;

E. General humidity.

137. What unfavorable changes for human is caused by the warm moist air ?

A. Sunstroke;

B. * Heat Stroke;

C. Caisons disease;

D. Asthmatic state;

E. Overcooling.

138. What units are used to evaluate wind at Boforts scale?

A. * m/s

B. points

C. km/min

D. m/min

E. %

139. When the rate of evaporation from the body is greatly increased?

A. * When the air is dry and warm,

B. When the air is moist and warm,

C. When the air is dry and cold,

D. When the air is moist and cold,

E. None of above.

140. Where we measuring temperature, which characterized convection processed in the room.

A. on 10 centimeters from floor;

B. on 150 centimeters from floor

C. * on 50 cm. from ceiling

D. on 80-90 cm. from floor;

E. All are correct.

141. Which air affects respiratory passages, and causes, blood circulation, kidneys, and rheumatism problems

A. dry and warm air,

B. moist and warm air,

C. dry and cold air,

D. * moist and cold air,

E. None of above.

142. Which can be the maximal speed air motion in the room?

A. * 0,1 - 0,3 m/sec;

B. 0,5 - 0,8 m/sec

C. 1,0 - 1,5 m/sec;

D. 1 3 m/sec;

E. 3 5 m/sec.

143. Which one of following indexes of airs humidity is comfortable for human?

A. 10-20 %;

B. 70-80 %;

C. 20-30 %;

D. * 30-60 %;

E. 80-100 %.

144. Which one of the following apparatus use for measuring of the atmospheric pressure?

A. Hygrometer;

B. * Barometer;

C. Thermograph

D. Thermometer;

E. Anemometer.

145. Which one of the following apparatus use for registration change of the atmospheric pressure?

A. Hygrometer;

B. * Barograph

C. Thermograph

D. Thermometer;

E. Anemometer.

146. Which one of the following apparatus use for registration change of the temperature?

A. Hygrometer

B. Barometer;

C. * Thermograph

D. Thermometer;

E. Anemometer.

147. Which one of the following device not measure atmospheric pressure ?

A. Mercury-cupping barometer

B. Fortin 's Standard Barometer

C. Mercury siphon barometer

D. Barometer-aneroid

E. * Hygrograph.

148. Which one of the following is a specific method of hygiene researches?

A. Physical methods;

B. * Method sanitarian description;

C. Chemical methods;

D. Biological methods;

E. Experimental method;

149. Which one of the following is a specific method of hygiene researches?

A. Physical methods;

B. * Method sanitarian description

C. Chemical methods;

D. Biological methods;

E. Experimental method.

150. Which one of the following is normal indexes of relative humidity of air in housings apartments?

A. * 30-60 %

B. 10-20 %

C. 100 %

D. 60-80 %

E. 80-100 %

151. Which one of the following is not effects of Cold and Dry Air on the Body.

A. the circulation of blood is increased;

B. processes of digestion and assimilation are stimulated.

C. * loss of appetite;

D. metabolism are stimulated.

152. Which one of the following is not the physiological effect of low pressure at high altitudes?

A. Increased respiration;

B. Increased cardiac out put;

C. Increased Hb conc.

D. * Increased urine conc

E. All are correct.

153. Which one of the following place characterized temperature in respiratory zone of people?

A. on 10 centimeters from floor;

B. * on 150 centimeters from floor

C. on 50 cm. from ceiling;

D. on 80-90 cm. from floor;

E. All are correct.

154. Which one of the following use for measures wind direction

A. * Wind vane

B. Kata thermometer;

C. Anemometer;

D. Hygrograph.

E. Barometer;

155. Which pathological changes in an organism are caused by the local action of high temperature ?

A. Heat-prostration

B. Sunstroke;

C. * Guardian;

D. Hyperthermia;

E. Dysfunction of thermoregulation of organism

156. Which pathological changes in an organism are caused by the local overcooling ?

A. Cold diseases

B. Inflammatory diseases

C. Hypothermia

D. * frost-bite

E. Infectious diseases

157. Which periodicals of barograph work may be?

A. To the day's

B. To a week's

C. To month.

D. * To the day's and a week's

E. To a week's and month.

158. Which vertical temperature difference is allowable?

A. 0,5-1C

B. 1-1,5C

C. 1,5 2 C

D. * 2-3 C

E. 3-4C

159. With the help of what device does estimate a temperature condition?

A. Alcohol thermometer

B. * Mercury thermometer

C. Minimal thermometer

D. Maximal thermometer

E. Thermograph

160. With the help of what device does estimate a temperature condition during hour?

A. Alcohol thermometer

B. Mercury thermometer

C. Minimal thermometer

D. Maximal thermometer

E. * Thermograph

161. With the purpose of study of influencing of microclimate on the organism of man we must organize the systematic looking after the temperature of air during 3th days. Choose a device which will allow most exactly to register a temperature:

A. * Thermograph

B. Alcoholic thermometer

C. Mercury thermometer

D. Psychrometer Avgusta

E. Psychrometer Assmana

162. A next quantity of infrared irradiation enters in the complement of solar irradiation

A. 40 %;

B. * 49 %;

C. 55 %;

D. 59 %;

E. 65 %.

163. A next quantity of ultra-violet rays enters in the complement of solar irradiation

A. * 1 %;

B. 5 %;

C. 10 %;

D. 20 %;

E. 20 %;

164. According to hygienic standards, is the use of these lamps allowed in educational facilities?

A. No

B. * Yes

C. Under certain circumstances

D. With the permission of a doctor SES

E. Sometimes

165. Among luminescent lamps, light bulbs which do not exist?

A. Fluorescent (DF)

B. White light (LB)

C. Warm white light (LTB)

D. * Cold light

E. All of the above

166. An example for non-luminous object is .

A. a candle

B. the sun

C. an electric bulb

D. * the moon

E. fare

167. Biodozes of ultraviolet irradiation given to the patient are measured in minutes. What is this appliance called?

A. * Appliance Gorbachev

B. Ultravioletmetrom

C. Actinometer

D. Radiometer

E. Katathermometer

168. Candela is the unit of

A. Luminous flux

B. * Luminous intensity

C. Wavelength

D. Natural illumination


169. Choose the norm of natural lightning coefficient for the school rooms:

A. 0,1-0,2 %.

B. 0,2-0,5 %

C. 0.5-1 %

D. 0,5-1,5 %

E. * 1,25-1,5 %.

170. Choose the normal value of the falling angleofthe leaving rooms:

A. not less than25

B. not more than25

C. * not less than27

D. not more than27

E. not less than30

171. Choose the normal value of the window angle for the leaving rooms:

A. Not less than2

B. * not less than5

C. not less than7

D. not less than1

E. not less than27

172. ChooseUV spectrum with the bactericidal effect :

A. * 280-10nm

B. 315-265nm

C. 320-280nm

D. 380-300nm

E. 400-315nm

173. Coefficient of daylight is:

A. a ratio of a glass area of windows to area of a floor

B. a attitude of distance from the upper edge of the window to a floor to distance from the window to the opposite wall

C. * a ratio of lighting indoors to simultaneous lighting outdoor

D. angle between a horizontal surface of a table, and line conducted from this surface to the upper edge of the window

E. an angle between a horizontal surface of a table, and line conducted from this surface to the upper edge of the object with darken the window

174. Coefficient of depth (CD) of room is:

A. * an attitude of distance from the window to the opposite wall to distance from the upper edge of the window to a floor

B. the distance from the window to the opposite wall

C. a ratio of a glass area of windows to area of a floor

D. a ratio of lighting indoors to simultaneous lighting outdoor

E. an attitude of distance from the upper edge of the window to a floor to the distance from window to the opposite wall .

175. Development of which of the disease is not caused by inadequate lighting

A. Development of fatigue

B. Suppressors of accommodation

C. * Diabetes

D. Fatigue visual analyzer

E. Nearsightedness

176. Disinfection of air is considered effective, if coefficient of efficiency is not less than

A. 2

B. * 5

C. 6

D. 8,

E. 10

177. Disinfection of air is considered effective, if an effectiveness coefficient is not less

A. Than 2

B. Than 3

C. * than 5

D. than 10

E. than 50

178. Disinfection of air is considered effective, if effectiveness degree is not less than

A. 20 %;

B. 25 %;

C. 60 %;

D. * 80 %,

E. 50 %.

179. Electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between 0.4 and 0.7 micrometers is called:

A. ultraviolet light

B. * visible light

C. infrared light

D. microwaves

E. X-rays

180. Electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths longer than 0.7 micrometers is called:

A. ultraviolet light

B. visible light

C. * infrared light

D. microwaves

E. X-rays

181. Electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths low than 0.4 micrometers is called:

A. * ultraviolet light

B. visible light

C. infrared light

D. microwaves

E. X-rays

182. For lighting of workplace the angle of incidence according to hygienic norms should be:

A. * not less than 27

B. more than 27

C. not less than 5

D. more than 5

E. not less than 70

183. For lighting of workplace the angle of opening of light rays according to hygienic norms should be:

A. not less than 27

B. more than 27

C. * not less than 5

D. more than 5

E. not less than 70

184. For the measurement of the IR radiation you need:

A. Piranometer

B. Luxmeter

C. Psichrometer

D. * Aktimometer

E. Anemometer

185. For the measurement of the UV radiation you need:

A. Aktinometr

B. Luxmetr

C. * Uvimetr

D. Anemometer

E. Psichrometr

186. For which rooms Lightning coefficient 1:2 isrecommended?

A. Ward

B. Corridor

C. Bath

D. Dressing room

E. * Operating room

187. For which rooms Lightning coefficient 1:2-1:4 isrecommended?

A. * Operating rooms

B. Ward

C. Dressing room

D. Pantry

E. Delivery rooms

188. For which rooms Lightning coefficient 1:4-1:5 isrecommended?

A. Wards

B. Operating rooms

C. * Dressing rooms

D. Pantry rooms

E. Delivery rooms

189. For which rooms minimal Lightning Coefficient is 1:6 ?

A. * Ward

B. Corridor

C. Bath

D. Dressing room

E. Operating room

190. General illumination of patients room planned to provide by luminescent lamps. Which one of the following is the norm for classrooms?

A. 250 Lx

B. 350 Lx

C. 150 Lx

D. * 300 Lx

E. 200 Lx

191. General illumination of patients`s room is planned to provide by incandescent lamps. Which one of the following is the norm for patients`s room ?

A. 250 Lx

B. 350 Lx

C. 300 Lx

D. * 150 Lx

E. 200 Lx

192. General illumination of school class is planned to provide by luminescent lamps. Which one of the following is the norm for classrooms?

A. 250 Lx

B. 350 Lx

C. 150 Lx

D. * 300 Lx

E. 200 Lx

193. General lamplight of school class is planned to provide by incandescent lamps. Which one of the following is the norm for classrooms ?

A. 250 Lx

B. 350 Lx

C. * 150 Lx

D. 300 Lx

E. 200 Lx

194. How many units does the lower scale of the luxmeter have?

A. 10

B. 20

C. * 30

D. 40

E. 50

195. How many units does the upper scale of the luxmeter have?

A. 30

B. 40

C. 50

D. 60

E. * 100

196. In how many areas the range is divided into UV radiation

A. 1

B. 2

C. * 3

D. 4

E. 5

197. In the hospital premises

A. At the production

B. In training room

C. * In the operating room

D. In the recreational facilities

198. Increasing energy of light goes in the order

A. ultraviolet, visible, infrared.

B. visible, infrared, ultraviolet.

C. * infrared, visible, ultraviolet.

D. ultraviolet, infrared, visible.

E. ultraviolet, x-ray, visible.

199. Light coefficient (LC) is:

A. * a ratio of a glass area of windows to area of a


C. a ratio of lighting indoors to simultaneous lighting outdoor

D. angle between a horizontal surface of a table, and line conducted from this surface to the upper edge of the window


200. Light is a form of energy produced by a :

A. * luminous object

B. transparent object

C. non-luminous object

D. opaque object

E. None of the above

201. Light source, mounted in a valve is called:

A. Counter

B. Dosimeter

C. Photometer

D. * Lamp

E. All of the options

202. Mercury-quartz lamps and special bactericidal lamps used for the disinfections

A. Water,

B. * Air in wards

C. Surgical instruments;

D. Patrimonial halls,

E. All are right.

203. Most of the radiation emitted by a human body is in the form of:

A. ultraviolet radiation and is invisible

B. visible radiation but is too weak to be visible

C. * infrared radiation and is invisible

D. humans do not emit electromagnetic radiation

E. None of above

204. Name influence of extra doses of UV radiation.

A. Haemopoetic effect.

B. * Carcinogenic effect

C. Thermal.

D. Formation of pigment.

E. Increasing of common resistance.

205. Name methods of measure biolodgical doze of UV-irradiation.

A. * Biolodical method

B. Geometrical method

C. Calculation methods

D. Mathematical methods

E. Astronomical method

206. Name sanitary-prophylactic measure to prophylactic UV radiations insufficiency.

A. Clear windows glasses.

B. Protect environment from wastes.

C. Using bactericide lamp.

D. * Using erytemic- luminiscent

E. Using electric lamp.

207. Name the index, which not apply to calculation method of investigated of natural illumination.

A. Angle of opening.

B. * Evening of illumination.

C. Angle of incidence of light rays

D. Light coefficient (LC)

E. Coefficient of day lighting.

208. Name the index, which not apply to calculation method of investigated of natural illumination.

A. Angle of opening.

B. * Evening of illumination.

C. Angle of incidence of light rays

D. Light coefficient (LC)

E. Coefficient of day lighting

209. Name the minmum level of artificial illumination in the work place by luministcent lamp.

A. 100 lux

B. 150 lux

C. 200 lux

D. 250 lux

E. * 300 lux

210. Name the minmum level of artificial illumination in the work placeby electric lamp.

A. 100 lux

B. * 150 lux

C. 200 lux

D. 250 lux

E. 300 lux

211. Name the norm of artificial illumination in the classroom by electric (bulp) lamp.

A. 100 lux.

B. 125 lux

C. * 150 lux

D. 175 lux

E. 200 lux.

212. Name the norm of artificial illumination in the living room by electric lamp.

A. 100 lux

B. * 150 lux

C. 200 lux

D. 250 lux

E. 300 lux

213. Name your most typical uses for UV radiation

A. Gastritis

B. Ulcer

C. * Failure pigmentation

D. Anemia

E. Availability body nevi and warts

214. Non-electric sources to the artificial lighting are all except:

A. Kerosene lamps

B. Carbide lamp

C. Candles

D. Gas lamps

E. * Incandescent

215. Normal artificial lighting in sanitary units, bathrooms

A. 200 lux

B. 100 lux

C. 50 lux

D. * 74-100 lux

E. 150 lux

216. Normal artificial lighting in the House

A. 200 lux

B. * 100 lx

C. 150 lux

D. 50 lux

E. 74-100 lux

217. One lumen per square meter is the same as

A. * One lux

B. One candela

C. One foot candle

D. One lumen meter.

E. watt/m2

218. One of the following is contraindication for UV-exposure of people

A. Chill,

B. Diseases of respiratory organs;

C. Rickets;

D. * Malignant tumors

E. Osteoporosis.

219. One of the following is not contraindication for UV-exposure of people

A. Tuberculosis in active phase,

B. * Diseases of respiratory organs;

C. Eczema,

D. Malignant tumors,

E. Exhausting, increased sensitivity to light rickets.

220. One of the indicators of natural light is the angle of incidence of light. Specify corner in this picture?

A. * Angle YOU

B. Angle defects

C. Angle Das

D. This angle is not in the picture

E. This is not true angle EA Figure

221. Solar radiation reaches the earth's surface as:

A. visible radiation only

B. ultraviolet radiation only

C. infrared radiation only

D. visible and infrared radiation only

E. * ultraviolet, visible, and infrared radiation

222. Specify what type of fixtures exists?

A. Direct light

B. * No direct light

C. Evenly-scattered light

D. Sent-scattered light

E. Reflected light

223. The angle of incidence of light rays is



C. * a ratio of lighting indoors to simultaneous lighting outdoor

D. * angle between a horizontal surface of a table, and line conducted from this surface to the upper edge of the window


224. The angle of opening of light rays is:



C. angle between a horizontal surface of a table, and line conducted from this surface to the upper edge of the window

D. a attitude of distance from the upper edge of the window to a floor to distance from the window to the opposite wall

E. * an angle between a horizontal surface of a table, and line conducted from this surface to the upper edge of the object with darken the window

225. The artificial sources of UV radiation are not

A. Straight-blended quartz lamp

B. Lamp ultraviolet

C. Bactericidal lamps ultraviolet

D. * Incandescent

E. Arc-blended quartz lamp

226. The brightness of visible lamps parts of general illumination in schools and hospitals must not be more than

A. * 2000 nits

B. 100 nits

C. 300 nits

D. 150 nits

E. 1000 nits

227. The disadvantage of incandescent lamps are all except:

A. Displacement spectrum in the yellow-red side

B. Sense color distortion

C. action direct rays

D. * Strobe

E. Dusky effect

228. The disadvantage of luminescent lamps is:

A. Displacement spectrum in the yellow-red side

B. Sense color distortion

C. * Strobe

D. Dusky effect

E. Not corect

229. The earth emits radiation with greatest intensity at:

A. * infrared wavelengths

B. radio wavelengths

C. visible wavelengths

D. ultraviolet wavelengths

E. All are correct

230. The earth's radiation is often referred to as _radiation, while the sun's radiation is often referred to as _radiation.

A. shortwave, longwave

B. shortwave, shortwave

C. * longwave, shortwave

D. longwave, longwave

E. None of above

231. The gas that absorbs most of the harmful ultraviolet radiation in the stratosphere:

A. water vapor

B. nitrous oxide

C. carbon dioxide

D. * ozone

E. chlorofluorocarbons

232. The illumination level in houses is in the range

A. 10-20 lux

B. 30 - 50 lux

C. 40-75 lux

D. * 100-140 lux

E. 150-200 lux

233. The illumination level in ward is in the range

A. 10-20 lux

B. 30 - 50 lux

C. 40-75 lux

D. * 100-150 lux

E. 150-200 lux

234. The illumination level in sanitary room is in the range

A. 10-20 lux

B. 30 - 50 lux

C. *40-75 lux

D. 100-140 lux

E. 150-200 lux

235. The length of the wave in part A of UV-rays is

A. 3000 760 nm;

B. 760-400 nm;

C. 400-315 nm;

D. * 315-290 nm;

E. 290-180 nm.

236. The length of the wave in part B of UV-rays is

A. 3000 760 nm

B. 760-400 nm

C. 400-315 nm;

D. * 315-290 nm

E. 290-180 nm.

237. The length of the wave in part C of UV-rays is

A. 3000 760 nm;

B. 760-400 nm;

C. 400-315 nm;

D. 315-290 nm;

E. * 290-180 nm.

238. The minimal daily optimal (physiological) dose, preventing rickets of children with the white skin, is

A. * 1 / 2 of biodose

B. 1 / 6 of biodose;

C. 1 / 5 of biodose;

D. 1 / 8 of biodose;

E. 1 / 3 of biodose;

239. The minimal daily prophylactic dose, using for preventing rachitis in children with the white skin, is

A. 1 / 2 biodose;

B. 1 / 6 of biodose;

C. 1 / 5 of biodose;

D. 1/ 10 of biodose;

E. * 1 / 8 of biodose

240. The most expressed bactericidal action has next part of UV-irradiation

A. * Part C

B. Part B;

C. Part A;

D. Part A and B;


241. The part of Ultra-violet irradiation, which absorbed by ozone layer, is

A. * Part C;

B. Part B;

C. Part A;

D. Part A and B;


242. The proper order from shortest to longest wavelength is:

A. visible, infrared, ultraviolet

B. infrared, visible, ultraviolet

C. * ultraviolet, visible, infrared

D. visible, ultraviolet, infrared

E. ultraviolet, infrared, visible

243. The spectrum of erythemal lamp consists

A. Only visible rays;

B. Only UV-rays of A type,

C. Only UV-rays of B type;

D. * Visible rays, UV-rays of A and B types;

E. Visible rays, UV-rays of A, B and C types.

244. The spectrum of mercury-quartz lamp contains

A. Only visible rays;

B. Visible rays and UV-rays of A type,

C. Visible rays and UV-rays of B type;

D. Visible rays, UV-rays of B and C types;

E. * Visible rays, UV-rays of A, B and C types

245. The sun emits its greatest intensity of radiation in:

A. * the visible portion of the spectrum

B. the infrared portion of the spectrum

C. the ultraviolet portion of the spectrum

D. the x-ray portion of the spectrum

E. The gammaray portion of the spectrum

246. The unit of luminous flux is

A. steradian

B. candela

C. * lumen

D. lux.

E. Watt/m2

247. Through which device is instrumental evaluation of artificial lighting done?

A. August psychrometer

B. hygrometer Assman

C. hygrometer

D. Barometer

E. * Illuminometer

248. Ultraviolet radiation from a star

A. * will not penetrate Earth's atmosphere and reach the ground.

B. has a wavelength that is longer than the visible light emitted by the star.

C. has a wavelength that is shorter than the x-rays emitted by the star.

D. a and b

E. b and c

249. What are the norm of lightning in the surgical operating room?

A. * 400 lux

B. 200 lux

C. 150 lux

D. 100 lux

E. 50 lux

250. What color is optimum for the sthenes of room oriented to the north ?

A. * Apricot

B. Light-green

C. Blue

D. Grey

E. Green

251. What color is optimum for the sthenes of room oriented to the south ?

A. * Light-green

B. Yellow

C. Apricot

D. Orange

E. Rose

252. What devise used for registration of artificial illumination?

A. Catatermometer.

B. Psychrometr.

C. Anemometer

D. Barometer;

E. * Luxmeter.

253. What devise used for registration of natural illumination?

A. Catatermometer.

B. Psychrometr.

C. Anemometer

D. Barometer

E. * Luxmeter

254. What does bright spakrling cause?

A. * lowering of all visual functions, causes irritation

B. sore eye and headache

C. lowering of all visual functions and sore eye

D. causes irritation, sore eye and headache

E. lowering of all visual functions, causes irritation, sore eye and headache

255. What does bright spakrling cause?

A. * lowering of all visual functions and nervouse system

B. sore eye and headache

C. lowering of all visual functions and sore eye

D. causes irritation, sore eye and headache

E. lowering of all visual functions, causes irritation, sore eye and headache

256. What does not influents on conditions of daily lighting in the room?

A. Square of the floor

B. Cleanness of glass

C. Color of wall

D. * Relative humidity

E. Square of the window


A. * Square of the floor


C. Color of wall

D. Relative humidity





C. Color of wall






C. Color of wall



260. What is not biologic effect of influence UV radiation?

A. Haemopoetic effect.

B. Activate metabolism

C. * Diuretical

D. Formation of pigment.

E. Formation of vit. D.

261. What is not main effect of influence of UV-irradiation.

A. Formation of pigment.

B. Stimulated.

C. * Thermal

D. Vitamin formation.

E. Bactericide.

262. What is optimal (physiological) dose of UV radiation, if biodose is 4 minute?

A. 0,5 minute;

B. 1,5 minute;

C. * 2 minute;

D. 2,5 minute;

E. 3 minute.

263. What is orientation of the windows on the world sides should be in manipulation room?

A. * on the North

B. on the South

C. on theWest

D. on the East

E. on the South- East

264. What is orientation of the windows on the world sides should be in operation room?

A. * on the North

B. on the South

C. on theWest

D. on the East


265. What is orientation of the windows on the world sides should be in patient room?

A. on the North

B. * on the South

C. on theWest

D. on the East


266. What is orientation of the windows on the world sides should be in sudy room?

A. on the North

B. on the South

C. on theWest

D. on the East

E. * on the South- East

267. What is prophylactic dose of UV radiation for adult, if biodose is 4 minute?

A. 25 second

B. * 30 second

C. 1 minute

D. 1,5 minute

E. 2 minute

268. What is the hygienic norm of artifficial light (incandenses lamp) in patient room?

A. 50 lux

B. 80 lux

C. 100 lux

D. * 150 lux

E. 200 lux

269. What is the hygienic norm of artifficial light (luministcent lamp) in work place?

A. 250 lux

B. * 300 lux

C. 100 lux

D. 150 lux

E. 200 lux

270. What is the hygienic norm of coefficient of daylight in livinig room?

A. * More than 0,75 %

B. Less than 0,25 %

C. More than 2,5 %

D. Less than 1,5 %

E. More than 1,8 %

271. What is the hygienic norm of coefficient of daylight in operation room?

A. More than 1,5 %

B. Less than 0,5 %

C. * More than 2,5 %

D. Less than 1,5 %

E. Less than 1,0 %

272. What is the hygienic norm of coefficient of daylight in patient room?

A. More than 1,5 %

B. * Less than 0,5 %

C. More than 2,5 %

D. Less than 1,5 %

E. Less than 1,0 %

273. What is the hygienic norm of coefficient of daylight in study room?

A. * More than 1,5 %

B. Less than 0,5 %

C. More than 35 %

D. Less than 1,5 %

E. Less than 1,0 %

274. What is the hygienic norm of coefficient of depth room?

A. More than 2

B. More than 3

C. More than 4

D. Less than 1

E. * Less than 2

275. What is thelengthof the UV ray (nm):

A. 0.05 - 10;

B. More400;

C. Less0,05;

D. * 400 - 180;

E. 400 - 760.

276. What is the name of index for estimation of natural illumination by instrumental method

A. Angeof falling.

B. Deep Coeficient

C. Angel of opening

D. Light coefficient.

E. * Coeficient of natural illumination

277. What is the name of the unit?

A. Anemometer

B. Actinometer

C. Hygrometer

D. * Biodozymeter

E. Uviometer

278. What is the name of the unit?

A. Hygrometer

B. Katathermometer

C. * Illuminometer

D. Uviometer

E. Anemometer

279. What is the norm of general artificial lightning at the cabinet of a physician (lk, for luminescent lamps)?

A. Not more than400;

B. Not more than500;

C. * not less than400;

D. Not less than500;

E. 300

280. What is the norm of general artificial lightning at the school rooms (lk, for luminescent lamps)?

A. not less than100;

B. Less200;

C. Not more than300;

D. * not less than300;

E. 150.

281. What is the norm of light coefficient in doctor room?

A. * 1: 5

B. 1: 8

C. 1:10

D. 1:2

E. 1:12

282. What is the norm of light coefficient in operation room?

A. 1: 5

B. 1: 8

C. 1:10

D. * 1:2

E. 1:12

283. What is the norm of light coefficient in study room?

A. * 1: 5

B. 1: 8

C. 1:10

D. 1:2

E. 1:12

284. What is the norm of light coefficient in the corridor?

A. 1: 5

B. 1: 8

C. 1:3

D. 1:2

E. * 1:10

285. What is the sanitary model microorganism of cleanness of air of apartments?

A. E.colli.

B. Protey

C. Clebsiela

D. * Staphylococcus aureus

E. Enterococcus.

286. What is the typical range for incandescent lamps ?

A. White

B. Blue

C. * Orange

D. Violet

E. Red

287. ?What is the value of biodose in mcVt/cm2?

A. 75 -100;

B. 100 -150;

C. 200 -400;

D. * 600 - 800;

E. 1000.

288. What is the wave length of visible part of the sunrays?

A. * From 760 to 400 nm

B. From 400 to 430 nm

C. From 430 to 485nm

D. From 605 to 640nm

E. From 760 to 900nm.

289. What is the wavelength of the longest wavelength light that can be seen with the human eye?

A. 400 nm

B. 4000 nm

C. 7000 nm

D. * 700 nm

E. 100 m

290. What is visual spectrum of the sun light (nm):

A. more300;

B. 4000 -180;

C. * 760 - 400;

D. 400 - 180;

E. 180 - 10

291. What luminaire of incandescent lamps is made to order for illumination in ward?

A. Direct light

B. * Diffuse light

C. Indirect light

D. There is not a right answer

E. Correct A and C

292. What luminaire of incandescent lamps is made to order for local illumination of workplace?

A. * Direct light

B. Diffuse light.

C. Indirect light


E. Correct A and C

293. What luminaire of incandescent lamps is use for illumination in study room?

A. Direct light

B. * Diffuse light

C. Indirect light


E. Correct A and C

294. What luminescent lamps use for lamplight in apartments?

A. Inderect light

B. * White-light

C. Warm-white-light light

D. Daylight

E. Direct light

295. What measure with the help of a Gorbachovs biodosimeter?

A. * Erythemal dose

B. Intensity of light

C. Maximal admissible level

D. Number of microbes in 1 m3 of the air

E. Efficiency of the air sanitation

296. What method of an estimation of a daily lighting is widespread?

A. Chemical

B. Physical

C. * Geometrical

D. Astronomical

E. Geographical

297. What method of an estimation of a daily coefficient is widespread?

A. Chemical

B. Physical

C. * Mathematical

D. Astronomical

E. Geographical

298. What method of an estimation of a dapth coefficient is widespread?

A. Chemical

B. Physical

C. * Mathematical

D. Astronomical

E. Geographical

299. What part of ultra-violet radiation has antirickets effect?

A. A;

B. B

C. * C;

D. D;

E. A and C.

300. What pathological states develop during deficiency of UV radiation?

A. Affect of eyes

B. * Tumor

C. Rickets

D. Affect of digestive organs

E. Loss of weight

301. What pathological states develop during deficiency of UV radiation?

A. Affect of eyes.

B. * Tumor

C. Affect of digestive organs.

D. Loss of weight.

E. Osteoporosis

302. When present evening effect during the using luminescent lamps

A. * lighting is less than 75-150

B. lighting is less than 155-200 Lx

C. lighting is less than 250-500 Lx

D. lighting is less than 150-180 Lx

E. lighting is than 255-300 Lx

303. When not present evening effect during the using luminescent lamps

A. * lighting should be not less than 75-150 Lx

B. lighting should be not less than 55-100 Lx

C. lighting should be not less than 25-50 Lx

D. lighting should be not less than 10-20 Lx

E. lighting should be not less than 25-30 Lx

304. Which is most likely to happen when light passes from one material through another denser material?

A. It is reflected.

B. * It is refracted.

C. It makes a rainbow.

D. It releases a photon.

E. It is absorbed

305. Which of the following has a wavelength shorter than that of violet light?

A. green light

B. blue light

C. infrared radiation

D. red light

E. * ultraviolet radiation

306. Which of the following is the speed of light?

A. 3 metres per second

B. 30 metres per second

C. 300 metres per second

D. * 300 000 000 metres per second


307. Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the lowest energy?

A. x-rays

B. visible light

C. ultraviolet

D. gamma-rays

E. * infrared radiation

308. Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the smallest frequency?

A. x-rays

B. visible light

C. * radio

D. gamma-rays

E. infrared radiation

309. Which of the following will need lowest level of illumination?

A. Dressing room

B. classroom

C. * Corridor

D. Auditoriums.

E. Hospital ward

310. Which of the following will need lowest level of illumination?

A. Displays

B. Fine engraving

C. * Railway platform

D. Auditoriums.

E. Hospital ward

311. Which of the following will need the highest level of illumination?

A. * Classroom

B. Bed rooms

C. Hospital wards

D. Railway platforms.

E. All of the above


A. * Dressing room

B. Bed rooms

C. Hospital wards


E. All of the above


A. * Proof reading

B. Bed rooms

C. Hospital wards


E. All of the above

314. Which one of the following apparatus use for registration change of the artifficial illumination?

A. Hygrometer;

B. Barograph;

C. Thermograph;

D. * Luxmeter;

E. Anemometer.

315. Which phrase best describes a fluorescent light?

A. most any household lamp

B. glass tube with a filament that glows when hot

C. bulb with a vacuum that glows

D. * glass tube with a gas that glows when a current passes through it


316. Which phrase best describes electromagnetic radiation?

A. visible light

B. gamma rays

C. reflection

D. * waves of energy

E. beta particles

317. Which phrase best describes the inside of an incandescent light bulb?

A. * the absence of any gas

B. the presence of a gas such as argon

C. a thin wire made of tungsten

D. a conductor of electricity

E. the presence of a gas such as mercury

318. Which term does NOT refer to light intensity?

A. * watt

B. lumen

C. candlepower

D. candela

E. All of the above

319. Which term refers to the amount of light falling on a surface?

A. voltage

B. light intensity

C. wattage

D. * illuminance


320. Which type of artificial light is more economical?

A. Light bulbs

B. Lamps general

C. Lamps local

D. Lamp integrated

E. * Lamp luminescent

321. Why are fluorescent lamps not recommended for operations?

A. It is a noise generator

B. * Not clearly visible boundary demarcation line

C. Tedious eye surgeon

D. A flashing effect

E. Causes strobing.

322. Maximum admissible CO2 concentration in apartments is

A. 0,03 %

B. * 0,1 %

C. 1 %

D. 10,0 %

E. 3 %

323. A quantity of an air that comes into the room during 1 hour is

A. *Ventilation volume

B. Kind of ventilation

C. The ratio of ventilation

D. Amount of oxygen

E. Amount of carbonic dioxide

324. Acid rain forms when moisture in the air interacts with

A. Nitrogen oxide and ozone;

B. Sulphur dioxide and dust;

C. * Nitrogen oxide and sulphur dioxide

D. Carbon dioxide;

E. Carbon monoxide;

325. Acid rain pollutants may travel long distances, with winds carrying them thousands of miles before they fall as.All are true except

A. Dew,

B. * Rays

C. Fog,

D. Snow

E. Rain.

326. Adult person during one hour exhaled one of the next volume of air

A. 10,6 L

B. 15,6 L

C. 20,6 L

D. * 22,6 L

E. 37,7 L

327. Aeration of the soil is a direct result of :

A. Solar radiation.

B. * Influence of temperature difference and pressure fluctuations in soil and air.

C. Processes of transformation of organic substances.

D. Movement of air.

E. Processes of soil self-purification

328. After the disposal of solid residue content of organic substances liable to decay shall not exceed:

A. 0.1%

B. 2%

C. 5%

D. * 0.2%

E. 4%

329. Air changes in the room during 1 hour is

A. Amount of oxygen and carbonic dioxide

B. The ratio of amount of carbonic dioxide and oxygen

C. * The ratio of ventilation volume and volume of the room

D. Volume of air, which enters to room

E. The volume of ventilation during one hour.

330. Air conditioning use forformation and support

A. Necessary temperature

B. Necessary humidity of air

C. Necessary speed of air movement in room

D. Necessary air ionization

E. * All are correct.

331. What does an anemometer measure?

A. * Air velocity speed

B. Air temperature

C. Humidity

D. Cooling power of air

E. Atmospheric pressure

332. Bacteriological analysis of soil involves the following:

A. * Titer E.coli and anaerobic bacteria

B. The amount of organic carbon.

C. Staphylococci

D. Eggs and larvae of helminths.

E. Ph

333. Biotic component of soil is :

A. Mineral compounds

B. Organic compounds

C. * Soil microorganisms

D. Organo-mineral complexes

E. Soil moisture.

334. An anemometer is used for measuring

A. Volume changes in gases

B. Atmospheric pressure

C. *Force and velocity of wind

D. Electrical current

E. Radiation temperature.

335. Organic matterthat has beendecomposedandrecycledas a fertilizerandsoil amendment is

A. Soil

B. *Compost

C. Humus

D. Sand

E. Stone.

336. Content of Carbon dioxide in the air is (rpm %)

A. 1%;

B. 0.5%;

C. * 0.04%

D. 4.7%;

E. 0.1%;

337. Diseases that are transmitted through soil are:

A. * Botulism and tetanus.

B. Tetanus, cholera.

C. Cholera, dysentery.

D. Dysentery, gas gangrene.

E. Gas gangrene, anthrax.

338. Disposal of dead bodies of animals, from the village should be at distance of no less than?

A. 200 m

B. * 500 m

C. 1000 m

D. 1.5 km

E. 2 km

339. Exceeding level of aerosol humanganese in atmosphere air causes:

A. Emphysema

B. Cancer of skin

C. Cancer of lung

D. * pneumonia

E. Lack of oxygen

340. Exceeding level of sulfur oxide in atmosphere air causes:

A. Pneumonia

B. Cancer of skin

C. Lack of oxygen

D. * Bronchial asthma

E. Cancer of lung

341. Expired air has following amount of oxygen

A. * 15-16 %

B. 20-21 %

C. 25-26 %

D. 30-35 %

E. 78-79 %

342. Express-method of determination concentration CO2 in air is based on reaction of carbon dioxide with solution

A. * Sodium hydrocarbonate

B. Hyposulphite sodium

C. Chlorine lime

D. Iodide potassium

E. Aluminium sulphate

343. For a medium soil test, sample of ground is to be picked at?

A. At four points around the perimeter of the rectangle

B. * In five points "envelope"

C. Three-point angles of the triangle

D. In five points, selected randomly

E. At one point arbitrarily

344. For physical and chemical analysis of soil, samples from selected sites are of the area is (m2) ?

A. 5

B. 10

C. * 25

D. 50

E. 100

345. For sampling soil which of the following is used?

A. * Drills Frenkel

B. Sieve pin

C. Cylinders Hennera

D. Gear Zhuravleva

E. Water bottle

346. How many CO2 exhales one person at one hour?

A. 10,5 litre

B. 15,6 litre

C. 20.5 liter

D. * 22.6 litre

E. 37,7 litre

347. How much percent carbon dioxyde contains atmospheric air?

A. 3,4 4,7 %

B. 15,1-16 %

C. 20,9-21,5 %

D. 78-80 %

E. * 0,03-0,04 %

348. How much percent carbon dioxyde contains exhaled air?

A. * 3,4 4,7 %

B. 15,1-16 %

C. 20,9-21,5 %

D. 78-80 %

E. 0,03-0,04 %

349. How much percent oxygen contains atmospheric air?

A. 3,4 4,7 %

B. 15,1-16 %

C. * 20,9-21,5 %

D. 78-80 %

E. 0,03-0,04 %

350. How much percent oxygen contains in exhaled air?

A. * 3,4 4,7 %

B. 15,1-16 %

C. 20,9-21,5 %

D. 78-80 %

E. 0,03-0,04 %

351. Hydroscopy soil is the ability of soil:

A. Leak

B. Hold Water

C. Raise water from depths to the surface

D. * Absorb water from air

E. Ignore air

352. Hygiene norm of frecency rate of air exchange in room is

A. 0-1 times

B. * 2-3 times

C. 5 times

D. 6-8 times

E. 9-10 times

353. Improved landfill base that is built outside should be no closer than

A. 200 m

B. * 500 m

C. 1000 m

D. 1-1,5 km

E. 2 km

354. In rural conditions what must be the distance of dwelling from composting?

A. 1-5 m

B. 5-10 m

C. * 10-15 m

D. 20-30 m

E. 50 m

355. In soil, ammonia is oxidized by action of nitrifying bacteria first into

A. Nitrites

B. Carbon oxide

C. * Nitrates

D. Water

E. Carbon dioxide

356. What is unit for measuring speed of air?

A. Meters per hour

B. Hours

C. Centimeters

D. * Meter per second

E. m3/hour

357. Increasing concentration carbon dioxide due to respiration is __________changes of air

A. biological;

B. physical;

C. physiological

D. * chemical

E. radiological

358. Indication of quantity artificial ventilation is

A. Ventilation volume

B. * Times exchange of air

C. Room volume

D. Speed air moving

E. Duration of ventilation

359. Main indoor pollutant includes:

A. Nitrogen

B. Sulfur dioxide

C. Hydrogen sulfide

D. * Formaldehyde


360. Maximum admissible CO2 concentration in apartments is

A. 1,0 %

B. * 0,1 %

C. 98 %

D. 10,0 %

E. 30 %

361. Minimal room volume per person is called


B. air replacement frequency (ACH)

C. * air cube

D. Speed of air velocity

E. Vital volume

362. Name maximum admissible CO2 concentration in the room

A. 4 %

B. 20 %

C. 2 %

D. * 0,1%

E. 10 %


A. Difference of the temperature of outside and inside air

B. Wind force outside

C. * Difference of the temperature of outside and inside air and Wind force outside

D. Humidity inside

E. Color of wall

364. Norm of speed air moving in the rooms is

A. * 0,1-0,3 m/s

B. 0,7-0,8 m/s

C. 0, 9-1,2 m/s

D. 0,4-0,5 m/s

E. 1-3 m/s

365. One of the following absorbs carbon from carbon dioxide of the atmosphere and gives off free oxygen

A. Wind

B. Rain

C. Ozone

D. Animal

E. * Plants

366. One of the following degree of soil pollution is wrong

A. Clean

B. Low pollution

C. Middle polluted

D. Strongly polluted

E. * Indifferent.

367. One of the following ways of toxic, radioactive and biological agents transmission from soil to huhuman are not possible

A. Soil- plant - human

B. Soil- plant animal - human

C. Soil- water fish - human

D. Soil- air - human

E. * Soil- human

368. Pathogenic organisms found naturally in soil and transmitted to huhuman by contact with contaminated soil is

A. Goiter

B. * Botulism

C. Scurvy

D. Rickets

E. Anemia

369. Pathogenic organisms found naturally in soil and transmitted to human by contact with contaminated soil is

A. * Tetanus

B. Goiter

C. Scurvy

D. Rickets

E. Anemia

370. Pathogenic organisms of animals, transmitted to human by direct contact with soil contaminated by the wastes of infected animals is

A. * Leptospirosis

B. Goiter

C. Scurvy

D. Rickets

E. Anemia

371. Pathogenic organisms of animals, transmitted to human by direct contact with soil contaminated by the wastes of infected animals is

A. Goiter

B. Scurvy

C. Rickets

D. Anemia

E. * Anthrax

372. Portion of air, which enter to rooms during 1 hour is

A. * Ventilation volume

B. air replacement frequency (ACH)

C. air cube



373. Properties of soil which depend from its mechanical content are

A. Air penetration

B. water penetration

C. moistures content

D. thermal regime

E. * All are correct

374. Pure air has following amount of carbon dioxide

A. 15-16 %

B. 20-21 %

C. * 0,03-0,04 %

D. 3,4-4,7 %

E. 78-79 %

375. Pure air has following amount of oxygen

A. 15-16 %;

B. * 20-21 %

C. 25-26 %;

D. 30-35 %;

E. 78-79 %.

376. Pure air has following amount of nitrogen

A. 3-4 %;

B. 20-21 %

C. 25-26 %;

D. *78-79 %;

E. 95-100 %.

377. Ratio of air volume, which enter in rooms or move out from it for a 1 hour to inside volume of room is


B. * air replacement frequency (ACH)

C. air cube



378. Sanitary evaluation of soil include determination of Sanitary bacteriological numbers. What is this?

A. Quantity of acaridae eggs in 1kg of soil

B. Quantity of fly larvae on 0,25m2 of soil

C. * Microbe quantity

D. Quantity of cancerogenous substances

E. Chlebnikov number

379. Sanitary evaluation of soil includes determination of sanitary helminthological numbers. What is this?

A. * Quantity of acaridae eggs in 1kg of soil

B. Quantity of fly larvae on 0,25m2 of soil

C. Microbe quantity


E. Colli-titer

380. Sanitary evaluations of soil include determination of Sanitary-entomological numbers. What is this?

A. Quantity of acaridae eggs in 1kg of soil

B. * Quantity of fly larvae on 0,25m2 of soil

C. Microbe quantity


E. Colli-titer

381. Sanitary-entomological research of soil not determine

A. * A number of winged flies

B. A number maggots

C. A number helminthes eggs

D. A number pre-chrysalis

E. A number chrysalis

382. Soil ability to let air through the soil pore space is

A. * Air permeability

B. Porosity

C. soil capillarity

D. water permeability

E. moisture capacity

383. Soil water capacity means the ability of soil to :

A. Leak

B. * Hold Water

C. Raise water from depths to the surface

D. Absorb water from air

E. gnore air

384. Soils are composed from all exept

A. Mineral matter

B. Air

C. Water

D. * Plants

E. Micro organisms

385. Soil is the top-most part of the earth surface and it is made up of exept:

A. Soil water

B. Mineral matter

C. *Plants

D. Soil air

E. Micro organisms

386. Specify natural ventilation perforhumance of educational facilities for aeration coefficient.

A. 1:2 - 1: 3.

B. 1: 5 - 1: 10.

C. 1: 20 - 1: 30.

D. * 1: 40 - 1: 50.

E. 1: 50 - 1: 100.

387. Tell the norms of speed air moving in the rooms

A. 0,6 - 0,8m/s

B. * 0,1 0,3 m/s

C. 0,5 0,7 m/s

D. 2 3 m/s

E. 3 4 m/s

388. Provide the level of the effectiveness room ventilation by carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration

A. Not more than 0, 95 %

B. Not more than 0, 75 %

C. * Not more than 0,1 %

D. Not more than 0,15 %

E. Not more than 0,2 %

389. The ability of soil to raise the water from the lower layers upward is called :

A. Breath ability

B. Void

C. Moisture

D. * Soil capillarity

E. Not correct

390. The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased in recent years. Environmentalists suggest this change is a direct result of the

A. Improper storage of solid and nuclear waste

B. * Overcutting of forests and the increased use of fossil fuels

C. Dumping of inorganic material into lakes and rivers

D. Use of herbicides and toxic substances such as asbestos and DDT

E. Overpopulation in rural regions

391. The basic mass of saprophytes microorganism lies from superficial layer of soil in deep

A. * Near 10 sm

B. Near 50 sm.

C. Near 70 sm.

D. Near 100sm.

E. Near 150 sm.

392. The basic mass of saprophytes microorganism lies from superficial layer of soil in deep

A. * Near 10 sm

B. Near 55 sm.

C. Near 75 sm.

D. Near 100sm.

E. Near 150 sm.

393. The definition of soil:

A. Hard cover ground that has formed under the influence of climate;

B. * Loose, fertile surface layer of crust

C. Crust layer that contains water;

D. Loose layer of crust;

E. Layer of crust, which is distributed to huhuman activities.

394. The consensus in the scientific community is that altering atmospheric composition by the addition of carbon dioxide and trace gases will eventually lead to a ... planet with a different distribution of climatic regimes.

A. wetter

B. drier

C. * warmer

D. cooler

E. smaller

395. The content of nitrogen in the air is (rpm %)

A. 90 %;

B. 94 %;

C. 59 %;

D. * 78 %;

E. 58.9 %;

396. The conversion process of restored organic nitrogen compounds into oxydated inorganic ones is

A. Oxidation

B. * Nitrification

C. Chlorination

D. Ionization

E. Ozonization

397. The disperse properties of soil determine

A. * Filtration capacity

B. Water content

C. Capillarity

D. Hygroscopic properties

E. Ways of toxic agents

398. The main criteria in the selection of land stations for the construction of solid waste is

A. * Sufficiency of space, the possibility of sanitary protection zone, soil and hydrogeological conditions

B. Feasibility, availability of expansion prospects

C. Can organize sanitary protection zone

D. Location taking into account the winds rose, standing level of groundwater

E. Standing level of groundwater, direction and speed of movement of soil flow, the possibility of sanitary protection zones

399. The major component of photochemical smog is

A. Carbon monoxide

B. Nitrogen dioxide

C. * Ozone

D. Sulfuric acid

E. Particulate matter

400. The natural ventilation may enlarge with the help of

A. Unclosing of windows in a room

B. Unclosing doors in a room

C. With the help of ventilation ducts (canal)

D. * All are correct

E. None of above

401. The optimum temperature range for nitrificating bacteria is

A. From -10C to 0 C

B. From 0C to 2 C

C. * From 25 C to 37C

D. From 50C to 60 C

E. From 80C to 100C

402. The process of maturation of compost in a temperate climate with winter ends in

A. 2 months

B. 3-4 months

C. 5-7 months

D. * 8-10 months

E. 10-12 months

403. The process of maturation of compost in a temperate climate with summer expires in :

A. 2 Months

B. * 3-4 months

C. 5-7 months

D. 8-10 months

E. 10-12 months

404. The saprophytes microorganism lies from superficial layer of soil in deep

A. * Near 10 sm

B. Near 50 sm.

C. Near 70 sm.

D. Near 100sm.

E. Near 150 sm.

405. The source of nearly half our pollution (by weight) is from .. category

A. * Transportation

B. Industrial processes

C. Stationary source fuel combustion

D. Agricultural

E. Domestic

406. The texture of soil is determined the by screening through

A. Asshuman sieves

B. * Knopf sieves

C. Krotovs apparatus

D. Slow sand Filter

E. Rapid sand filter

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