uv and insect eyes
DESCRIPTION
UV and Insect eyes. LIGHT & PHOTOSYNTHESIS. Spectrum. Fate of intercepted light?. Reflect Transmit Absorb. Fate of leaf intercepted light?. Reflect - (6-12% PAR, 70% infrared, 3% UV) Degree of reflection varies with type of leaf surface - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
UV and Insect eyesUV and Insect eyes
LIGHT&
PHOTOSYNTHESISPHOTOSYNTHESIS
SpectrumSpectrum
Fate of intercepted Fate of intercepted light?light?
Reflect
Transmit
Absorb
Fate of leaf intercepted light?Fate of leaf intercepted light? Reflect - (6-12% PAR, 70% infrared, 3% UV) Degree of reflection varies with type of leaf
surface Transmit - average 10-20% (primarily green and
far red) What would influence this? thickness and structure of leaf Absorb – What does this depend upon?
Fig. 5.4Fig. 5.4
AbsorptionAbsorption
What determines how much light a plant or a group of plants will intercept?
Quantity and position of leaves
Leaf area indexLeaf area index
Leaf Area IndexLAI
Interpretation of LAI see fig 5.5 (d) pg 47 (m2 leaf area/m2 ground area)
LAI 3 means 3m2 leaf area over each m2 of ground
LAIs of different canopy typesLAIs of different canopy types
Summer Temperate Deciduous Forest: LAI 3-5 (1-5% light hitting canopy reaches floor)
Summer Pine Forest LAI 2-4 (10-15% light hitting canopy reaches floor)
Tropical Rain ForestLAI 6-10 (.25 – 2% light reaches floor)
Light levels and LAILight levels and LAI
Why is the amount of light reaching the forest floor of the pine forest greater than that of the deciduous forest?
Does the LAI of an area change throughout the year?
What are the consequences of this for plants of the forest floor?
Light LevelsLight Levels
Are there other factors other than LAI and leaf angle that would influence the amount of light a forest floor organism might receive?
See Fig. 5.7 page 49
Light levels: year profileLight levels: year profile
Photosynthetic Terms
PAR – photosynthetically active radiation
Light compensation point (LCP) Light saturation point (LSP) photoinhibition
PS terms expandedPS terms expanded Light compensation point: rate of
C02 uptake in PS = rate of C02 loss in Respiration
Short version rate of PS = rate of respiration
Light Saturation Point – Point at which increasing light does not increase PS
Photoinhibition - High light levels inhibit PS
LCPLCP
Shade –tolerantShade –tolerant Low PS rates Low respiration rates Low metabolic rates Low growth rates
Shade -intolerantShade -intolerant Higher PS rates Higher respiratory rates Higher growth rates Lower survival in shade conditions
Shade and Shade and SeedlingsSeedlings
Apply your SmartsApply your Smarts How does the concentration of
Rubisco relate to photosynthesis rate?
What does the production of Rubisco have to do with respiration?
What do respiration rates have to do with tolerance to shade?
Apply your SmartsApply your Smarts What do respiration rates have to do
with the light compensation point? What does the light compensation
point have to do with shade tolerance or intolerance?
In general what types of plants would you expect to have a lower light saturation point: shade inotlerant or shade tolerant Why?
Apply your SmartsApply your Smarts What would you change in a plant
that would increase or lower the light compensation point?
Plant a shade intolerant plant in the shade. What would the plant do to compensate for being in low light?
Leafs and LightLeafs and Light
How does the amount of light a leaf receives influence its shape and sizE?
See page 52 And what does surface area and
volume have to do with it?
Shade-Sun leafShade-Sun leaf
PS and TemperaturePS and Temperature See page 59 Fig. 6.3-6.4
PS and TemperaturePS and Temperature
PS and PS and temptemp
Plants and Plants and TemperatureTemperature
Heat gain and loss – What are the parameters?
Reflectivity of leaf and bark Orientation of leaves to sun and
wind? Size and shape of leaves Frost
hardiness – Transpiration cooooooling………
Plants and Plants and TemperatureTemperature
Frost hardiness – mostly genetic Addition of protective compounds
(antifreeze type) allows super cooling
Ice forms in the cell wall????
Transpiration cooooooling………
Temperature and plantsTemperature and plants
Photosynthesis
Light Absorption
PS Activity Problem PS Activity Problem
Relative PS activity
100%
0%
Wavelength400 500 600 700
Light ProblemLight Problem
Relative Absorbency
100%
0%
Wavelength (nm)400 500 600 700
A B C D
PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis
6CO2 + 12 H20 ---> C6H12O6 + 6H20 + 602
OR6CO2 + 6 H20 ---> C6H12O6 + 602
PS ProblemPS Problem
If you put a plant in a closed container with an atmosphere of 14C02, and H2
180 where would you find the radioactive carbon and the heavy oxygen (180) in the container and/or plant?
Fates of reactantsFates of reactants
C02
H20
C6H1206
02
H20
H20
Movement of waterMovement of water