utility smart grid the smart substation · 2011-09-01 · why is the smart substation •...
TRANSCRIPT
The Smart Utility M t Th S t G id
The SmartMeets The Smart Grid
The Smart SubstationSubstation
Bob UluskiQuantaQuanta
Technology
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
Why is the Smart Substation important?• Key power apparatus for maintaining the
reliability and efficiency of the T&D system resides in the substations
• Effective monitoring and “smart” control capabilities in the substation can help achieve overall SG objectives
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
Why is the Smart Substation • Substations contain many of the most intelligent devices used forimportant?• Substations contain many of the most intelligent devices used for
monitoring, protecting and controlling the power apparatus – the substation Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs)
• Arguably, the substations include more intelligence (“smarts”) per square foot than any other field location
• Just like the AMI devices, IEDs provide a wealth of new information about the equipment status and performance that can assist in “smart” decision makingg
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
Why is the Smart Substation C i l d PC d t t t dimportant?• Can include PCs, data concentrators, and other such facilities for preprocessingi f ti b f it i f d d tinformation before it is forwarded on to “decision makers”
• Effective mechanism for prioritizing and filtering the large volume of data from the “SmartGrid” and routing the info to the appropriate decision maker
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
Why is the Smart Substation important?• Substations are becoming important communication
hubs (centers) of the T&D system• Numerous technologies are available for bringing data in• Numerous technologies are available for bringing data in
from “nearby” locations (line switches, capacitor banks, distributed sensors, etc) for preprocessing and forwardingforwarding
• Many utilities are implementing high bandwidth, high reliability, high security fiber optic communication f ili i h ( ) l i i f dfacilities that can move (route) large quantities of data to upstream locations
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
Characteristics of the “Smart b ”Substation”
Secure Line SharingSwitchChannel Bank
DS0 forVoice
Channel
DS0 forTeltoneRemoteAccess
T1 Interface toAlcatel Sonet
NodeConitel SerialConnection
Voice Circuits
Operational Data &
Switch(e.g. Teltone Gauntlet)
Router/Firewall
Channel Bank
RemoteAccess
Ops and Non-Ops IPData VLANs
384kbps
D20 RTU
Ethernet Switch
GPS Receiver(Time Sync)
IRIG-B
D t C t t DNP3
IRIG-B
Access toIEDs & RTU via network
TCP/IPIRIG B
pNon Operational
Data Dial-Up Modemwith Security
Surveillance Camera (Open LAN Only)
Local
Access
D20 RTU
DFR/SER
(Time Sync)
Data Concentrator Data Concentrator
Data Concentrator
SEL
Ethernet TCP/IP
DNP3RS232
TCP/IPIRIG-B
Ethernet Switch
UserInterface
Hardwired Inputsand Outputs
Hardwired Inputs
Data Concentrator
Al
Data Concentrator"Interleave"Protocol
RS 232Vendor SpecificProtocol "(Passth h")
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
SELIED
Non-SELIED
AlarmAnnun
PLC
SELIED
SELIED
AlarmAnnun
PLC
SELIED
DNP3
Non-SELIED
through")
The Wealth of New DataThe Wealth of New Data
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
More dataMore data
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
Cooling Fan MonitoringCooling Fan Monitoring
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
Battery Charger MonitoringBattery Charger Monitoring
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
Getting the Data to the Decision MakersBilling, SettlementsCustomer ServiceEngineeringPlanning Maintenance
..
WANSystem GIS Metering CIS
CascadeMMS
SCADASCADASCADA
Data Warehouse(PI)
SCADAData Warehouse
(PI)
gMV90
CIS
IED Non-OpData Servers
Dispatchers
SEL PMLION
PQNode
Secure S/SNetwork
CISCO
2701
RelayLAN
RTULAN
J-MUX
PQ/MeterLAN
DFRLAN
Laptop
CorporateAccess
Fiber
2030
2701
421Relay
500Series
IED
300SeriesIEDs
QEIHouseRTU
DymacDFR
PMLION
GPS
IRIG
DNP3
PQNode
p p
Telephone
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
yIED IED
(587)IEDs
DNP3
Substation
Operational DataBilling, SettlementsCustomer ServiceEngineeringPlanning Maintenance
..
WANSystem GIS Metering CIS
CascadeMMS
SCADASCADASCADA
Data Warehouse(PI)
SCADAData Warehouse
(PI)
gMV90
CIS
VLANs
Dispatchers
SEL PMLION
PQNode
IED Non-OpData Servers
Secure S/SNetwork
Operational Data• Real-time Telemetry
Al• Alarms• Events • SOE Data CISCO
RelayLAN
RTULAN
J-MUX
PQ/MeterLAN
DFRLAN
Laptop
CorporateAccess
Fiber
2030
2701
421Relay
500SeriesIED
300SeriesIED
QEIHouseRTU
DymacDFR
PMLION
GPS
IRIG
DNP3
PQNode
Laptop
Telephone
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
RelayIED IED
(587)IEDs
DNP3
Substation
Data Portal for Non‐Operational DataBilling, SettlementsCustomer ServiceEngineeringPlanning Maintenance
..
WANSystem GIS Metering CIS
CascadeMMS
SCADASCADASCADA
Data Warehouse(PI)
SCADAData Warehouse
(PI)
gMV90
CIS
IED Non-OpD t S
VLANs
Dispatchers
SEL PMLION
PQNode
Data ServersSecure S/SNetwork
Non-Operational Data• Real-Time I/O• Historical I/O• Oscillography data• Oscillography data• Event Files•PQ data•OtherMaintenance Data• Setting and
CISCO
RelayLAN
RTULAN
J-MUX
PQ/MeterLAN
DFRLAN
Laptop
CorporateAccess
Fiber
gConfiguration• Asset Information• Other
2030
2701
421Relay
500SeriesIED
300SeriesIED
QEIHouseRTU
DymacDFR
PMLION
GPS
IRIG
DNP3
PQNode
Laptop
Telephone
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
RelayIED IED
(587)IEDs
DNP3
Substation
Real‐Time Equipment Rating
– Base equipment ratings on actual conditions rather than conservative assumptions
– Squeeze more capacity out of existing equipment
– Example: Transformer “Hot Spot” Monitoring• Monitor the true winding hot spot temperature
• Derive loadability from the results
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
“Predictive Maintenance”Equipment Condition Monitoring
• Potential Role of SmartPotential Role of Smart Substation– Monitor specialized sensors and– Monitor specialized sensors and “regular” IEDs
– Perform “expert system”Perform expert system analysis
– Inform engineers or dispatchersInform engineers or dispatchers of possible problems (“incipient” problems)
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
– Supply “non‐operational” data to maintenance management
Expert System ProcessingExpert System ProcessingRule based expert system Emulate reasoning of a human expert maintaining the circuit breakers. Compare the extracted signal features against the empirically obtained values.
(defrule R61(d l ( li 1280))
p g g p yEach type of circuit breaker has set of rules used in the decision-making process
(declare (salience -1280))(initial-fact)(closing)(not (R61_fired))(or (R69_fired) (R72_fired) (R75_fired))(R24_2_fired)
=>>(assert (R61_fired))(printout t crlf " R61: Stuck breaker while closing!"crlf)
(printout outFile " R61: Stuck breaker while closing!"crlf)
)
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
The Smart Substation – An “Enabler” ffor DA
Feeder L ti
DA Logic Resides On All Controllers
Control Feeder DA Logic
Resides Here
Control Center
Locations
S b t tiDrawn by R Uluski EnerNex Corp
Substation Master
Control Center Locations
SubstationDrawn by R. Uluski, EnerNex
Substation Master
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
SubstationDrawn by R. Uluski, EnerNex Corp
The Smart Substation – An
Control Center
“Enabler” for DA
SCADA/EMS(Telvent)
Substation Data Concentrator(Cybectec, Subnet) Feeder Devices
Application
Unlicensed Spread Spectrum
Radio
Bus Tie Circuit Breaker
Protective Relay IED
Feeder Circuit Breaker
Protective Relay IED
Feeder Circuit Breaker
Protective Relay IED
Switch C t ll
Radio
Switch C ll
Radio Line Switch(Cooper,
S&C)
Switch Controller
RadioRadioppServer
Line Switch(Cooper,
S&C)
Controller
Line Switch(Cooper,
S&C)
Controller S&C)
Substation
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
Integrated Volt‐VAR Control Componentsp
• IVVC Software– Optimal powerflow solution versus “rule‐
based” approach • Interfaces to field devicesbased approach• Processor For Running IVVC Software
– Centralized master station– Substation based processor
Interfaces to field devices– Substation LTC transformers– Substation and line regulators– Substation and line capacitor banks– Voltage monitors (optional)
• Communication facilities (2 way preferred)( y p )
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
Example of “Smart Substation” Centered Feeder Automation
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
Fault LocationFault Location
Known fault
location
M t
Probable fault locations
Measurements
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
Automatic Control in the Smart Substation: “Intelligent” Bus Failover
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
Automatic Control in the Smart Substation: “Intelligent” Bus Failover
TransformerFault
Occurs
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
Automatic Control in the Smart Substation: “Intelligent” Bus Failover
TransformerFault
Occurs
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
Automatic Control in the Smart Substation: “Intelligent” Bus Failover
TrfProtectionOperates
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
Automatic Control in the Smart Substation: “Intelligent” Bus Failover
Bus TransferScheme
O t
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
Operates
Automatic Control in the Smart Substation: “Intelligent” Bus Failover
Shed LoadIf Necessary
To Adjacent
Substation
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
Automatic Control in the Smart Substation: “Intelligent” Bus Failover
Restore LoadRestore LoadUsing FeederAutomation
To Adjacent
Substation
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
The ChallengesThe Challenges
• Data managementData management
• Maintenance of substation databases, models, displaysdisplays
• Interface difficulties – use of industry d dstandards
• Loss of visibility to automatic control actions by control room
• Security – “Resist Attack” (cyber, physical)
© 2010 Quanta Technology LLC
y ( y , p y )
• Others?.....