usos del biocarbón en el perú y en otras regiones tropicales
TRANSCRIPT
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Usos del Biocarbón en el Perú y en otras regiones tropicales
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Plan for Workshop
• Overview: Why Biochar? • Session 1: Agricultural innovation in Peru:
Case studies of biochar in Hacienda Villa Carmen and coastal agriculture
• Keynote: Profitable uses of biochar• Session 2: Biochar in agriculture• Session 3: Biochar in remediation
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Biochar production from bambooA disruptive agroforestry innovation for increased
food productivity and carbon sequestration in tropical soils
Miles Silman, Abdou Lachgar, Andrew Wilcox
Center For Energy, Environment and SustainabilityWake Forest University
Yngrid Espinoza, Heather Nobert, Yhilbonio Farfan, David Lefebre
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Setting the StageChallenges for biodiversity conservation and
agriculture in the 21st Century
Miles Silman
Andrew Sabin Chair in Conservation BiologyCenter For Energy, Environment and SustainabilityWake Forest University
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We manage the Earth
• Land Surface, Atmosphere, Biodiversity, Agriculture
Goals• Clear-eyed view of how world works and
challenges we face• End where the workshop starts: biochar
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A dynamic planet
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Natural Land Cover
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Human Use
Our world is a human-dominated, agricultural world
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Adrian Tejedor, Amazon Conservation Association
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Amazon Conservation Association
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Atmospheric ChangeThe carbon cycle
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Figure 6.4
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Land use and the carbon cycle
A critical opportunity for forestry and agriculture
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The Contribution of Agriculture, Forestry and other Land Use activities to Global Warming, 1990–2012
Global Change BiologyVolume 21, Issue 7, pages 2655-2660, 2 FEB 2015 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12865http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gcb.12865/full#gcb12865-fig-0002
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Disaggregating Forestry and Agriculture
Agriculture Deforestation
Agriculture Deforestation
Agriculture Deforestation
1990
2000
2010
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Agriculture now exceeds deforestation in contribution to
climate change
Agriculture-driven deforestation adds even more
Agriculture is a critical area for future intervention and innovation
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Future trends in food demandChanges in size of ag sector
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World Population Growth
Bottom line: Need 69% more calories in 2050, 77% by 2100
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Crop Yields Decrease
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Increasing population and decreasing predicted yields put
pressure on biodiversity
Meeting food demand requires more land in production or (and) increased production on
existing lands
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Can we increase yields to spare land?
Phalan et al. 2014
Area at stake: ~60% of Amazon basin
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Degraded lands represent an opportunity for agriculture and
biodiversity conservation
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Kimetu et al. 2008
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Recovering degraded lands I
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Recovering degraded lands II
Large potential for increased agricultural yield and soil carbon sequestration
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The world we have created for ourselves
• Manage GHG concentrations in atmosphere to avoid catastrophic climate change– Decrease carbon use and sequester where
possible• Feed 11 billion people• Keep from driving rest of species extinct• Requires creativity, enterprise, collaboration,
deployable, scalable technologies
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Pathways through the Anthropocene bottleneck
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Biochar
An agricultural technology for carbon storage, soil improvement, and
increased yield
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Glaser and Burke. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Volume 82, 2012, 39–51
“Old” Technology: Amazonian Dark Earths
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Today: Biochar as a tool for innovation
• Can sequester large amounts of carbon in soils
• Improves soils properties and increases yields, decreases fertilizer use– Biochar can remediate degraded/damaged soils
and sequester heavy metals in mining areas• Biochar is a carbon-negative platform for
agricultural innovation– Feedstocks, energy/heat co-generation
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