using the internet chapter 3. announcements everyone should have a textbook and myitlab code. if...
TRANSCRIPT
Using the InternetChapter 3
Announcements
Everyone should have a textbook and MyITLab code. If you do not, please go to the bookstore at the break.
Chapter 1 Homework: Due 2/04 Windows 7 Simulator
Homework 1
Chapter 2 Homework: Due 2/04 Binary Worksheet
Homework 2
Chapter 3 Homework: Due 2/06
Objectives
What is the Internet?
History of the Internet
Forms of Internet communication
Web entertainment
E-commerce
Web browsers
URLs
Hyperlinks
Search Engines
Improving Search Results
Evaluating Web Sites
Data traveling across Internet
Connecting to the Internet
History of the Internet
Developed for secure military communication
Evolved from Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET)
Funded by the U.S. government in the 1960’s
Enabled computers at leading universities and research organizations to communicate with each other
A Network
An Inter-network
Internet Map ~ 1998 Internet Map ~ 2010
The Internet
Internet Clients and Servers
The Internet is a client/server network
Client computer Users connected to the Internet
Requests information from the Internet
Server computer Stores Web pages and data
Responds to client requests
IP addresses
The Internet
The InternetThe World Wide Web
Online Gaming
Instant Message
VOIP (Skype)
File Transfer (FTP)
Connecting to the Internet
Requires an Internet Service Provider (ISP)
ISP provides a wire to your house that is connected to a modem. The modem is your “anchor” to the Internet.
Your computer connects to the modem
Different Types of Connections
Dial-up: Mostly obsolete. Uses a phone line. Must “place a call” each time you wish to connect.
Satellite: Useful for areas without phone service. Slightly faster than Dial-up.
Digital Subscriber Line (DSL): Always connected. Uses a phone line but does not tie up the line. Significantly faster than dial-up.
Cable: Provided by your cable TV provider. Faster than DSL.
Fiber-Optics: Currently the fastest possible connection. Only available in a few locations.
History of the Web
1989Invented by
Tim Berners-Lee
1993 Mosaic browser released
1994 Netscape Navigator
1997 Internet
goes global
History of the Web
Created by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN in Switzerland
Invented as a way of linking research documents
Hyper Text Markup Language
“Markup” text with codes to describe how to display
A simple example
Produces
<b>Introduction to Computers</b>
Hyper Text Markup Language
A complete example<html> <head> <title>My First HTML</title> </head> <body> <b>Hello <u>Interweb</u> Minions!</b> </body></html>
Web Browsers
Enables graphical representation of Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML)
Popular browsers: Microsoft Internet Explorer
Google Chrome / Chromium
Apple Safari
Mozilla Firefox
Opera
Browser Features
Quick Tabs: Show thumbnail images of all open web pages
Tabbed browsing: Multiple pages available in the same browser window
Bookmarks/Favorites: A list of your favorite websites
History: A list of your past Web travels
Built-in search engine(s)
Plug-ins Add new features to a browser (Ex: Flash)
Sometimes those features can be malicious!
URLs
Uniform Resource Locator
Every web page has a unique URL to identify it on the Web
Top-Level Domains (TLD)
Domain Name
Who can use
.com Commercial entities*
.org Non-Profit Organizations*
.net Networking Organizations*
.edu Educational Institutions
.mil US Military
.gov US Government (Local, State, National) *No longer restricted
Web Site Features
Text/Information
Graphics
Video
Navigation Menus
Breadcrumbs
Hyperlinks
Electronic mail
Asynchronous communication
Types of e-mail accounts
Client-based (requires client e-mail software)
Outlook, Thunderbird, iMail
Web-based (uses your browser)
Allows e-mail to be used from any computer
Gmail, Hotmail, Yahoo, Outlook.com
Not private
Can be printed or forwarded
Employer can monitor (legally)
E-mail Etiquette
Be concise and to the point TLDR – Too Long, Didn’t Read
Use spell-check
Avoid “texting” abbreviations
Include a meaningful subject line
Use emoticons (smilies) sparingly
Include a signature line with contact information
Do not type in all capital letters Considered “Shouting”
Instant Messaging
Real-time, text-based conversations
Personal & business uses
Lists of contacts: “buddy” or “friends” list
IM software detects members’ presence
Example: AOL Instant Messenger
Group Communication
Chat rooms
Newsgroups
Forums
Blogs & vlogs
Wikis
Podcasts & webcasts
Social networks
Chat Rooms, Newsgroups, and Forums
Chat rooms Real-time, text-based conversations
Can focus on specific topics or interests or be general interest
Username can allow anonymous interaction
Newsgroups & Forums Online discussion forums
Members post and reply to messages
Create or respond to “threads”
Can be thought of as “public e-mail”
Blogs & Vlogs
Personal journals posted on the Web
Web logs: Blogs Primarily text/image based
Simple to create, read, and manage
Entries listed on a single page, with most recent entry at the top
Searchable
Video logs: Vlogs Video version of a weblog, usually recorded by a
webcam and uploaded to youtube.
Wikis
Wikis: Web sites that allow anyone to change the content Provides a source for collaborative writing
Eliminate exchanging e-mails
Track revisions
Example: www.wikipedia.org – Publicly edited encyclopedia
www.wikibooks.org – Publicly edited books
Podcasts
Podcasts: Audio/Video files distributed on the Internet
Really Simple Syndication (RSS) technology allows constant updates for subscribers
Webcasts
Broadcasts of audio/video content over the Internet Usually live
Similar to watching live TV on your computer (no rewind/pause/etc.)
NBC broadcasted the 2012 Olympics
Web 2.0
• Web interactions among people, software, and data
• Social web where the user is also a participant
• New applications that combine the functions of multiple applications
Social Networks
Used to communicate and share information among immediate friends & family
Meet and connect with others through common interests, experiences, and friends Examples: Facebook, Google+, Twitter
Members communicate by voice, chat, IM, and videoconference
Growth has been explosive
Social networking and microblogging service that enables you to exchange short text messages in real time with your friends, called “followers”
Twitter messages, called tweets, are limited to 140 characters
Businesses are using Twitter to respond to customer queries or to broadcast new services or products
Secure Web Sites
Display: VeriSign seal on the website (Do not rely on this!)
Closed padlock or key icon on address bar
Green address bar
URL changes from http:// to https://
E-Commerce
Conducting business online (usually involving financial transactions) Business-to-consumer (B2C)
bestbuy.com
amazon.com
Business-to-business (B2B)
cdw.com
Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C)
ebay.com
craigslist.org
etsy.com
Online Shopping Guidelines
Only shop at well-known, reputable sites
Avoid making online transactions when using public computers
Pay by credit card, not debit card
Check the return policy
Search Engines
Automatically scour the Internet looking for websites
Indexes the words on the website
Allows users to search
Employ extremely advanced algorithms to provide the most likely results Important because fewer than 5% of people navigate
to the 2nd page of results!
How to Improve Search Results
Place quotation marks around phrases “How to build a computer”
Use only the least common words build computer
Use a minus “-” to eliminate words build computer -intel
Ethics
What can I “borrow” from the Internet? Anything in the Public Domain
Avoid
Plagiarism: representing someone else’s ideas or work as your own
Copyright violation: Using another person’s material for your own gain
Properly credit information you quote or paraphrase
Obtain written permission from copyright holder
Evaluating Web Sites
Who is the author of the article or Web site sponsor?
Is the site biased?
Is the information current?
Toward what audience is the site geared?
Are the links available?
The same information should be available on at least three sites Not good enough alone due to news aggregation
Future of the Internet
Google is testing Internet connections that are 1000x faster than current available speeds.
Large Scale Networking Government sponsored research and development of
cutting edge network technologies
Internet2 Currently only available to interconnect major
universities and government.
Separate from the Internet