use the graph below to answer the following questions. a.what kind of graph is this? b.according to...
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Use the graph below to answer the following questions.
a. What kind of graph is this?
b. According to the graph, which has a larger radius, Neptune or Uranus?
c. According to the graph, what is the radius of Saturn?
d. Which planet is almost 5 times the size of Venus?
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OBJECTIVESWBAT Compare the
chemical structures of carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and nucleic acids, and relate their importance to living things.
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Lab Tomorrow
BE ON TIME!!!!!!!!
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Homework!
• Write down in your agenda book!
• Write down everything you eat today.
• Breakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks.
• Write down which biomolecules make up the food.
• You cannot participate in the lab until this is done.
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You Are What You Eat!
A Unit on BiomoleculesCarbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids & Nucleic Acids
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Dissecting A Nutrition Label
Fats
Carbohydrates
Protein
Vitamins & Minerals
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What are organic compounds?
• most matter in your body is made of organic compounds
• organic compounds contain carbon
• carbon atoms covalently bond to other elements like H and O
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Polymers
• large compounds of linked carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids are called polymers
• These large organic compounds are called biomolecules.
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4 organic compounds found in the human body
1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Nucleic Acids
*All are polymers*All are organic (C) compounds
Topic: Biomolecules Take Notes!
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BIOMOLECULE MADE OF…
EXTRA INFO EXAMPLES
CARBOHYDRATES(sugars and
starches)
LIPIDS/FATS
PROTEINS
NUCLEIC ACIDS
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1. Carbohydrates
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CARBOHYDRATES
SUGARSSTARCHES
Quick energy
Long Term Energy
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Carbohydrates
•A biomolecule composed of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen.
•Glucose (sugar) is a Carbohydrate
Ratio:
C6H12O6
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Runners “carbo-load”
Carbs are a major source of energy!
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Examples of Carbohydrates
Fruits, vegetables, and grains
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1. ______________ are substances used by the body for energy and proper cell function.
2. Carbohydrates are used to _______and ________ energy.
3. The two major kinds of carbs are _______ and _________.
4. Sugars are called _________ carbs because they are the ___________ carb molecules.
5. ____________ is the most important fuel in plants and animals.
6. Candy and other sweets contain __________ which is table sugar.
7. Complex carbohydrates can be separated into two groups: ____________ and __________.
Nutrients
store transport
simple complex
simple
Glucose
smallest
starches fiber
sucrose
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8. Fiber is found in ________, _________, and ___________.
9. Glucose is called ________ sugar.
10. Intestines generally break down __________ sugars more easily then _____________.
11. Candy and sweets cause a spike in __________________.
12. ___________ ___________ digest slowly.
13. The more _______________ a carbohydrate the worse it is for you.
14. Anything is bad for you if you ____________________.
fruits veggies grains
blood
simple
blood sugar
Whole grains
processed
over do it
starches
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2. Lipids / Fats
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Lipids (Fats)
• Made of C, H, & O in chains• Examples: found in oils, butter,
soaps & waxes
Take Notes!
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3. Proteins
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What Do Proteins Look Like?The building blocks of Proteins are amino acids.
*Unlike Carbohydrates, proteins contain Nitrogen.
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Proteins
Needed for the growth and repair of body tissues
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Where can we find proteins in living things?
1.) hair
2.) finger nails
3.) horns
4.) hoofs
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Examples of Proteins
Meat, egg, dairy, seeds, nuts, & beans
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4. Nucleic Acids
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Nucleic Acids• Carry genetic information in cells
• 2 types of nucleic acids
1.) DNA
2.) RNA
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Nucleic Acid Structure
• Nucleic acids are made up of nucleotides
• DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) – carries genetic information
• RNA (ribonucleic acid) – makes proteins
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Nucleic Acids
• Made of nucleotides• Carry genetic information in cells
• Examples: DNA or RNA
Take Notes!
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What did you learn?• What are the 4 types of organic
compounds?
1.) carbohydrates (sugars)
2.) lipids (fats)
3.) proteins
4.) nucleic acids
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What are carbohydrates?
• main source of energy in body
• found in fruits, vegetables and grains
apples, corn, soda pop, potatoes, bread and broccoli
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What are lipids (fats)?
• store energy in the body
• used as insulation around organs and tissues
• 2 types saturated and unsaturated
• found in fats, steroids and waxes
• examples, cooking oil, butter, ice cream and chips
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What are proteins?
• are made from peptide bonds formed from amino acids
• there are 20 amino acids
• we make 10 naturally
• must consume the other 10 by eating poultry, fish, milk beef and nuts
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Nucleic Acids
• All cells have nucleic acids
• 2 types are DNA and RNA
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Homework: Keep a Food Journal
Write down EVERY food you eat for 5 days!