use of various energy sources - Ålands sjöfart · 2016-05-17 · use of lpg as fuel for marine...

© Wärtsilä PUBLIC

Use of various energy sourcesSjöfartens Dag / Maritime Day 12.5.2016 Mariehamn

Johnny KackurWärtsilä Marine Solutions Business Development

© Wärtsilä PUBLIC2

Main Drivers for fuel selection

• Environmental regulations• Availability• Economics

12.5.2016 Sjöfartens dag 2016


Environmental legislation continues

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2025

SOx legislation:• Sulphur free fuels

– LNG– Methanol, LPG, bio-fuels– Distillates

• Scrubbers in combination with HFO

NOx legislation:Tier II• Engine internal methodsTier III• Secondary methods (SCR)• LNG/NG with lean burning process (dual-fuel

engines)

Global cap 0.5% SOx

NOx Tier III in NECA(North America)

NOx Tier II(Global)

Global 0.5% SOxlimit reviewed

All ECA 0.1% SOx

North Europe ECA 1% SOx

0.1% SOxin EU ports

Global cap 3.5% SOx

North America ECA 1% SOx



Fuel choice for environmental regulation compliance

4 © Wärtsilä 12.5.2016 Sjöfartens dag 20164


The traditional way: HFO/MGO operation- Evaluation of SOx scrubber installation

Pay-back time for the SOx scrubber depends on• Initial investment• Fuel price difference (MGO – HFO)• Time spent in ECA areas



WÄRTSILÄ 4 STROKE DUAL-FUEL APPLICATIONS REFERENCES

>1,500 engines �� >16,000,000 running hours

LNG CarrierLPG CarrierTankersContainersBulk CarrierCar Carrier

Hopper DredgerTugsNavyIcebreakerIWW Guide shipCable Layer

204 vessels11 vessels14 vessels

4 vessels3 vessels2 vessels

FPSOChemical tankerROROFerriesIWW

Plants 82Output 5031 MW Online since 1997

2 vessels2 vessels6 vessels1 vessel

24 vessels

1 vessel6 vessels1 vessel1 vessel

16 vessels1 vessel1 vessel

4 vessels1 vessel2 vessels3 vessels1 vessel

881 engines

132 engines

46 engines

36 engines

376 engines

CruiseFerryROPAXFerries

1 vessel3 vessels

12 vessels

66 engines

PlatformFSOFPSO Jack-Up RigOSV

Use of LNG as fuel continues



Alternative fuels – Real experience

In Service

In service since Q1 2015

Full engines test on ZA40 have taken place during 2014

Methanol• Sulpfur free

Bio-fuels• Sulpfur free• Fuel specification

and availability is a question mark

VOC• Mix of different HC´s

and inert gas• VOC from a shuttle

tanker can cover 20% of energy demand

LPG• Sulfur free• Heavier than air• 2% of global

energy market

In Service

In service since 2012

Operating on Bio-Fuel or MDO

Several land based power plants in operation

Tested in the 90`s

Challenge with injection pressure with the diesel principle

Smoke problem

Available today for 34SG engines (gas only)

In Service

Several VOC recovery installations in use

GasReformerdelivered 2013

DF engines in marine service since 2001

SECA

NECA ???

Ethane• C2H6• Sulfur free• Interesting when

available as cargo

In Service

DF engines running on ethane in service since 2015

Approval in principle

SECA

NECA

SECA

NECA

SECANECA(Otto Principle)

SECANECA(Otto Principle)



Alternative fuels – Biofuels

• Biofuels will be a part of fuel assortments in the future• Wartsila has 11 years of experienced in land based applications with

bio fuels and for 4 years on marine side• LBF offer a sulphur free alternative, typically clearly lower particle

levels and depending on the source much lower CO2 footprint on a well to wake cycle.

� Availability is an issue� Difference in fuel properties in one region to another� There are typically other takers of the raw material as well



Alternative fuels – VOC, Shuttle tanker


Fuel Gas/Surplus GasLVOCInert GasElectric PowerCargo Tank VentSteam

PTO

LVOC Tank

Gas Reformer

INERT GAS

Steam Turbo Genset

VaporizorVOC

Recovery

BOILER

Wärtsilä DFMain / Aux engines

Vessel Grid

Gas Compressor

4-STROKETECHNOLOGY DF GAS REFORMER2-STROKE VOC RECOVERY


Use of LPG as fuel for marine

GVU

Dual Fuel Engine

8 barg

LPG tank

R D D

GasReformer

LPG vaporizerHeater

� For LPG a GasReformer is required to increase the methane number and achieve full output• Propane/Butane � Methane

� LPG + GasReformer + DF engine =



Use of ethane as fuel: Evergas 6x 27’500 m3 LEG/LNG carrier

12.5.201611

Wärtsilä scope of supply:

• Main Engines (2x6L50DF)

• Aux Engines (2x6L20DF)

• Propulsion system (GB, Shaft, CPP, EnergoPac)

• Ethane/LNG Fuel Gas Supply System

• Design of LNG Tanks

• Cargo Handling system

First vessels to use ethane as fuel

For transportation of ethane from the US

First vessel in operation since June 2015

Sjöfartens dag 2016


Use of batteries in the marine market



Batteries are coming and are here to stay

12.5.2016

ALL-ELECTRICBatteries used as the only

power source all the time during operations (short routes only)

HYBRID (+ PLUG-IN HYBRID)

Batteries combined with engine to optimize performance in

specific conditions (e.g. DP)



Some battery examples

12.5.2016

OWNER Norled

YARD Fjellstrand

IN SERVICE 2015

CAPACITY 350 pax, 120 cars, 8 trucks

CROSS TIME 20 min (3 nm)

CHARGE TIME 10 min

SPEED 10 knots (max 14 knots)

PROPULSION 2x 450 W Rolls Royce AZP 08

LOCATION Norway

BATTERIES

TECHNOLOGY Lithium NMC liquid cooled

SUPPLIER Corvus energy

CAPACITY 1040 kWh + 2x 410 kWh onshore

OWNER Rederiaktiebolaget Ballerina

YARD Faaborg Vaerft

IN SERVICE 2014

CAPACITY 150 pax

CROSS TIME 1 hour (multiple stops)

CHARGE TIME /

SPEED max 10 knots

PROPULSION 2x 125 kW pods

LOCATION Sweden

BATTERIES

TECHNOLOGY Super-Iron Phosphate Li-ion

SUPPLIER Saft

CAPACITY 500 kWh

AMPEREALL-ELECTRIC PASSENGER AND CAR FERRY

E/S SJÖVÄGENALL-ELECTRIC COMMUTER FERRY

ALL-ELECTRICOWNER Scandlines

YARD Remontowa (conversion)

BUILT 1997

CONVERTED 2014

CROSS TIME 45 min (10 nm) + 30 min maneu.

CAPACITY 1140 pax + cars + wagons

SPEED 14 knots (max 18.5 knots)

ENGINES 4x MaK 8M32 (originally 5)

LOCATION Germany – Denmark

BATTERIES

TECHNOLOGY Lithium NMC liquid cooled


CAPACITY 2600 kWh

PRINS RICHARDHYBRID RO-PAX

OWNER Kotug

PARTNERS Aspin, Kemp & Associates

YARD Damen

BUILT 2014

LBT 31.9m x 12.6m x 5.9m

BOLL PULL 80 tons

SPEED 12.5 knots

ENGINES 4 x Caterpillar 3512C-TA

LOCATION Port of Rotterdam

BATTERIES

TECHNOLOGY Lithium NMC


CAPACITY 117 kWh

RT EVOLUTIONHYBRID TUG

HYBRID



All-electric and hybrid vessels in operation

12.5.2016

24

4

3

6 Norway6 Denmark6 Netherlands4 France2 UK1 Italy

2 Norway2 Sweden

3 USA

1 Japan

5 Australia


34 hybrid4 all-electric

1

5

15


Benefits with hybrid propulsion

� Optimize engine loads• Higher engine loads

- Lower fuel consumption and emission levels• Less engines running

- Lower maintenance costs

� More stable load on engine/propeller• Battery handles the load fluctuations (faster than engines)

- Lower fuel consumption and emission levels

� Improved redundancy level• Blackout prevention

- Higher revenue (lower ”blackout risk”)• Possibility for smaller machinery installation

� Charging of batteries in port through ”port supply”• Lower fuel consumption and emission levels

16

34,0%

36,0%

38,0%

40,0%

42,0%

44,0%

46,0%

48,0%

50,0%

30 50 70 90

Effi

cien

cy[%

]

Engine load [%]

W34DF Efficiency, gas mode



WÄRTSILÄ INDUCTION CHARGINGCOMBINED WITH AUTOMATIC MOORING SYSTEM

Induction charging unitby Wärtsilä

Automatic mooring system (Vacuum technology)by Cavotec

Wärtsilä automation


THANK YOU!

Johnny Kackur+358 5056 39552

[email protected]

use of various energy sources - Ålands sjöfart · 2016-05-17 · use of lpg as fuel for marine...

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