Fiber, Yarn & Fabric

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FiberFiberFibre is a rope or string used as a component of composite materials, or matted into sheets to make products such as paper or felt. Fibers are often used in the manufacture of other materials. The strongest engineering materials are generally made as fibers, for example carbon fiber and Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene.Synthetic fibers can often be produced very cheaply and in large amounts compared to natural fibers, but for clothing natural fibers can give some benefits, such as comfort, over their synthetic counterparts.

Cotton Nylon Animal Fiber Fiber To Yarn

Fiber TypesMan-made FibresNatural Fibres

Vegetable fibers Wood fiber Animal fibers Mineral fibers

Regenerated fibersCellulose fibersSemi-synthetic fibersSynthetic fibersMetallic fibersCarbon fiber

Man-made fibers or chemical fibers are fibers whose chemical composition, structure, and properties are significantly modified during the manufacturing process. Man-made fibers consist of regenerated fibers and synthetic fibers.

Natural fibers include those produced by plants, animals, and geological processes. They are biodegradable over time. They can be classified according to their origin:

YarnYarnYarn is a long continuous length of interlocked fibres, suitable for use in the production of textiles, sewing, crocheting, knitting, weaving, embroidery, and rope making. Thread is a type of yarn intended for sewing by hand or machine. Modern manufactured sewing threads may be finished with wax or other lubricants to withstand the stresses involved in sewing. Embroidery threads are yarns specifically designed for hand or machine embroidery.

Rope Cotton Yarn Wool Viscose Yarn

Types Of YarnTypes Of YarnThere are three types of yarns:Staple spun yarn

Is made from staple fibres – cotton or wool or manufactured fibres cut into short lengths

Is an uneven, weak yarn with poor lustre and durability. Staple spun yarns have good elasticity, resiliency and absorbency

Are used mainly for apparel and furnishingsMonofilament yarn

Is manufactured from one filament of manufactured fibreIs fine and strong with good lustre and durability, but is

inelastic, has poor resiliency and absorbency.Monofilament yarns are used primarily for hosiery and invisible

sewing thread. Multifilament yarn

Is made from two or more filaments of a manufactured fibreIs an even, strong yarn with good lustre and durability; has medium

elasticity and resiliency and is slightly absorbentIs used primarily for evening wear and lingerie.

FabricFabricThe words fabric and cloth are used in textile assembly trades (such as tailoring and dressmaking) as synonyms for textile. However, there are subtle differences in these terms in specialized usage. Textile refers to any material made of interlacing fibres. Fabric refers to any material made through weaving, knitting, spreading, crocheting, or bonding that may be used in production of further goods (garments, etc.). Cloth may be used synonymously with fabric but often refers to a finished piece of fabric used for a specific purpose (e.g., table cloth).

Cotton Fabric Silk Fabric White Fabric Chinese Silk Fabric

Fabric Types Cotton – made from a short plant fibre, it’s among the most popular fabrics because it is easily

washed and resists fading plus other signs of wear. However, it wrinkles and becomes soiled easily, so a cotton/polyester blend is often preferable.

Polyester – a strong and durable man-made fibre, it is wrinkle-resistant, can be washed without requiring dry cleaning, and dries quickly.

Silk – one of the strongest natural fibres, it’s spun from the fibres in the cocoon of a Chinese silkworm into a smooth, soft, shiny fabric that is not slippery, unlike many synthetic fibres.

Microfiber – this refers to fabrics that are made using extremely thin synthetic fibers, most often polyester. The exact shape, size, and combination of synthetic fibers depends on the desired characteristics of the final fabric, including softness, durability, absorption, water repellency, and wicking properties, or breathability.

Wool – a protein animal fibre, the word typically refers to hair from sheep. Fabric made from the hair of goats is called cashmere or “mohair”; hair from animals in the camel family is called “vicuna,” “alpaca,” or “camel”; and hair from rabbits is “angora”

Jacquard – fabric with a complex, ornate pattern woven or knit into it, such as tapestry.

Usage Of FabricUsage Of Fabric

Sheets and pillowcases Upholstery for the

lounge chair, sofa, ottoman, and desk chair

bedding, notably the bed skirt, duvet, and scarf which is draped across the mattress near the foot of the bed

decorative pillows draperies and sheers carpeting Towels headboard, if an

upholstered and padded style is used

Usage In The Hospitality Industry

Sheets and pillowcases - Fabric , Yarn Upholstery for the lounge chair, sofa, ottoman, and desk Chair - Fabric bedding, notably the bed skirt, duvet, and scarf which is draped across the mattress near the foot of the bed - Fabric ,Yarn decorative pillows - Fabric draperies and sheers - Fabric Carpeting - Fabric ,Yarn Towels - Yarn Headboard - Fabric Bathrobe ,Slippers - Yarn

CONCLUSION

• Became a symbol of beautification of a Room• Art of embroidery is eye catching• Culture & tradition of a region glows from the

texture

REFRENCE

hotelexecutive.com/business review/2273/understanding-fabrics-and-how-to-use-themen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiberhttp://www.whfoods.com/genpage.php?tname=nutrient&dbid=59http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yarn