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 HistoriqueBritain's American colonies broke with the mothercountry in 1776 and were recognized as the new nationof the United States of America following the Treaty ofaris in 17!"# $uring the 1%th and &th centuries( "7new states were added to the original 1" as the nation

e)*anded across the +orth American continent andac,uired a number of o-erseas *ossessions# The twomost traumatic e)*eriences in the nation's history werethe .i-il /ar 01!61623( in which a northern Union ofstates defeated a secessionist .onfederacy of 11southern sla-e states( and the 4reat $e*ression of the1%"s( an economic downturn during which about a

,uarter of the labor force lost its 5obs# Buoyed by-ictories in /orld /ars and and the end of the .old/ar in 1%%1( the US remains the world's most *owerfulnation state# -er a s*an of more than 8-e decades(the economy has achie-ed steady growth( lowunem*loyment and in9ation( and ra*id ad-ances in

technology#

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Géographietotal des fronti:res terrestres; ; 1&#"<km

*ays frontaliers; .anada !(!%" km 0ycom*ris les &(<77 km a-ec l'Alaska3( le=e)i,ue "#1<1 km

>a base na-ale am?ricaine de4uantanamo Bay @ .uba est lou?e *arles tatsUnis et fait *artie de .uba lasuface de la base est de &! km

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 Ressources Naturellesle charbon( le cui-re( le *lomb( lemolybd:ne( *hos*hates( uranium(bau)ite( or( fer( mercure( nickel(*otasse( argent( tungst:ne( le zinc(*?trole( gaz naturel( timbernote;

les *lus grandes r?ser-esmondiales de charbon du mondea-ec <%1 milliards de tonnes

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 Population"1 &"& !6" 0Cuillet&1 est#3Structure d'Dge;

1< ans; &(&E0hommes "16"%1&7 F""27< femmes3126< ans; 67E0hommes 1& 662<" F 1" 1&% "&1

femmes362 ans et *lus; 1&(!E0hommes 16%1&"& F&&2716%6 femmes30&1 est# 3 

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 Population Tau) de migrationnette; <(&2 migrant

0s3 F 1 habitants0&1 est#3com*araison a-ec le=onde; &&Urbanisation; la*o*ulation urbaine;!&E de la*o*ulation totale0&!3

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Groupes Ethniquesblanc 7%(%6E(noir 1&(!2E(asiati,ues <(<"E(am?rindiennes et indig:nes de l'Alaska(%7E(natif des Gles du aci8,ue et d'autresHawaiian (1!E(deu) races ou *lus 1(61E 0Cuillet &7estimation312(1E de la *o*ulation totale destatsUnis est d'origine his*ani,ueIeligions;*rotestants 21("E( catholi,ues &"(%E(1(7E =ormon( autres chr?tiens 1(6E(1(7E 5uifs( bouddhistes (7E(musulmans (6E( autres ou nons*?ci8? &(2E( non aJli? @ 1&(1E(aucune de <E 0&7 est3>angues; anglais !&(1E( 1(7E(es*agnol( autres langues indoeuro*?ennes "(!E( l'Asie et des Gles duaci8,ue &(7E( autres (7E>e Hawaiian est une langue oJcielle

dans l'tat d'Hawaii 

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.hute du grou*eAfroAmerican

.roissance dugrou*e asiati,ue

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 Acteurs politiquesarti d?mocrati,uearti r?*ublicain

4rou*es de *ression *oliti,ues; lesen-ironnementalistes( les grou*esd'aKaires( syndicats( ?glises( grou*esethni,ues( des comit?s d'action *oliti,ue ouA.( des grou*es de sant?( les grou*es de

l'?ducation( des grou*es ci-i,ues( desgrou*es de 5eunes( des grou*es detrans*ort( les grou*es agricoles grou*esd'anciens combattants( des grou*es defemmes( les lobbies