us water sources and usage. population density - 1980
TRANSCRIPT
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US Water Sources and Usage
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Population density - 1980
http://www.nationalatlas.gov/natlas/Natlasstart.asp
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Population density - 2000
http://www.nationalatlas.gov/natlas/Natlasstart.asp
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Trends in population and freshwater withdrawals 1950-2000
http://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/2004/circ1268/
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Average annual precipitation1961-1990
http://www.nationalatlas.gov/natlas/Natlasstart.asp
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Streams and waterbodies
http://www.nationalatlas.gov/natlas/Natlasstart.asp
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U.S. Aquifers
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US water use 2000
http://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/2004/circ1268/
408 billion gallons of water per day
withdrawn in 2000
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Public water use
http://www.nationalatlas.gov/natlas/Natlasstart.asp
43 billion gallons of water per day
withdrawn in 2000
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Industrial water use
http://www.nationalatlas.gov/natlas/Natlasstart.asp
20 billion gallons of water per day
withdrawn in 2000
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Water used for irrigation
http://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/2004/circ1268/htdocs/figure07.html
137 billion gallons of water per day
withdrawn in 2000
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Water used for irrigation
http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/wuir.html
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Irrigation techniques• Flood irrigation
– Simple and cheap– 50% of water wasted
• Drip irrigation– Low pressure and volume
systems– Water applied directly to the
root zone– Approx. 70% efficiency
• Spray irrigation– Up to 35% of water lost due to
evaporation
• Low-energy spray irrigation– Nozzle very close to ground– Up to 90% efficiency
http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/wuir.html
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http://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/2004/circ1268/htdocs/figure12.html
195 billion gallons of water per day
withdrawn in 2000
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Water used by thermoelectric power plants
• Steam-driven turbine generators
• Cooling power-producing equipment
• Used water has to be cooled before release
http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/wupt.html
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Total water withdrawals by state
http://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/2004/circ1268/
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World Drinking Water Coverage
http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/monitoring/jmp04_3.pdf
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Activities
• Hydrology trivia quiz
http://interactive2.usgs.gov/learningweb/fun/trivia_water_1.htm
• How would you handle this water crisis?
http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/sos3.html