US History II

SOL USII.4

The Spanish American War

• Economic interests and public opinion often influence U.S. involvement in international affairs.

The Spanish American War

• The United States emerged as a world power as a result of victory over Spain in the Spanish American War.

USII.4A

• What were the causes for the Spanish American War?

Reasons for the Spanish American War

• Protection of American business interests in Cuba.

• What kinds of businesses was the U.S. trying to protect?

• (coffee and sugar)

Reasons for the Spanish American War

• American support of Cuban rebels to gain independence from Spain.

• Why do you think Americans supported the Cuban rebels?

http://cordova.lib.il.us/Vet-spanishAmerican.jpg

Reasons for the Spanish American War

• "WARSHIP MAINE WAS BLOWN UP . . . HAVANA . . . FEB. 15 . .."

16 February 1898, State Journal

• Rising tensions as a result of the sinking of the U.S.S. Maine in Havana Harbor.

Reasons for the Spanish American War

• Exaggerated news reports of events (yellow journalism)

http://nhs.needham.k12.ma.us/cur/Baker_00/2001_p4/baker_rb_kk_cl_p4/exflag.jpg

What were the results of the Spanish-American

Results of the Spanish American War

• The United States emerged as a world power.

• How did the United States emerge as a world power? Who did they defeat?

Results of the Spanish American War

• Cuba gained independence from Spain.

http://www.cubaflags.com/images/cuban-flag-old.jpg

Results of the Spanish American War

• The United States gained possession of the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico.

http://www.solarnavigator.net/geography/geography_images/Philippines_physical_map.jpg

Results of the Spanish American War

http://images.nationmaster.com/images/motw/americas/puerto_rico.jpg

http://kiteboardingguam.andrewsupdates.com/images/guam_map_kitespots.jpg

Results of the Spanish American Warhttp://www.tcnj.edu/~miller47/world%20map.jpg

Cuba

Puerto R

ico

Philippines

Guam

What was Theodore Roosevelt’s foreign policy?

The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine.

•asserted the United States’ right to interfere in the economic matters of other nations in the Americas

•Claimed the U.S. rights to exercise international police power

•Advocated Big Stick Diplomacy (building of the Panama Canal)

U.S. Involvement in World War I

• The United States involvement in World War I ended a long tradition of avoiding involvement in European conflicts and set the stage for the United States to emerge as a global superpower late in the 20th century.

• There were disagreements about the extent to which the United States should isolate/separate itself from world affairs.

MAIN factors leading to WWI

• Militarism - building up armed forces, getting ready for war

• Alliances - an agreement or promise to defend or help other countries

• Imperialism - trying to build an empire• Nationalism - having pride in your country

and willing to defend it

Who were the Allies?“Good Guys”

• Great Britain

http://www.hertfordshire.com/pages/maps/images/great-britain-map.gif

Allied Powers

• France

http://www.francegetaways.com/images/maps/france_main.jpg

Allied Powers

• Russia

http://atlas.mapzones.com/russia/russia.jpg

Allied Powers

• Serbia

http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/europe/serbia.jpg

Allied Powers

• Belgium

http://www.state.gov/cms_images/map_belgium.jpg

Who were the Central Powers?“Bad Boys”• Germany

http://www.acu.edu/academics/cas/fl/german/german/a1914eu.gif

Central Powers

• Austria-Hungary

http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=64951&rendTypeId=4

Central Powers

• Bulgaria

http://www.mapsofworld.com/bulgaria/maps/bulgaria-map.jpg

Central Powers• Turkey• (Ottoman Empire)

http://www.bugbog.com/images/maps/turkey_map.jpg

Allied Powers vs. Central Powers

http://freepages.military.rootsweb.com/~worldwarone/WWI/TheGeographyOfTheGreatWar/images/Figure19-Page22-sm.jpg

Reasons for U.S. involvement in WWI

• Inability to remain neutral. (1917)

• German submarine warfare: the sinking of the Lusitania. (1915)

• U.S. political and economic ties to England.

http://www.shapesoftime.net/FileSystem/upfile/j00013/lusitania2.jpg

http://www.uidaho.edu/student_orgs/arthurian_legend/england/sites/images/ENGLAND.gif

Reasons for U.S. involvement in war

• The Zimmerman Telegram

U.S. Leadership as the War Ended

• At the end of World War I, President Woodrow Wilson prepared a peace plan known as the Fourteen Points that called for the formation of the League of Nations, a peace-keeping organization.

http://www.archives.gov/calendar/images/woodrow-wilson.jpg

U.S. Leadership as the War Ended

• The United States decided not to join the League of Nations because the U.S. Senate failed to ratify the Treaty of Versailles.

• Why did the U.S. decide not to join the League of Nations? Who did join? Is it really a peacekeeping organization if not all nations have joined?

http://library.thinkquest.org/C008616/site/pics/League%20of%20Nations%20opening%20session.jpg

The opening session of the League of Nations.