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SafeWorkPractices/SafeJobProcedures

2018

United Pacific Projects Ltd.

Safe Work Practices/ Safe Job Procedures

Revision No: 1.0 Issue Date: March 13, 2018 of 195

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 SAFE WORK PRACTICES & PROCEDURES .............................................................................................................. 5

1.1 ATTACHING CABLE CLIPS AND CLAMPING WIRE ROPES ..................................................................................................... 5

1.2 BACKFILL .................................................................................................................................................................. 7

1.3 BLOW‐DOWN ........................................................................................................................................................... 9

1.4 BORING ................................................................................................................................................................. 11

1.5 CHAIN SAWS .......................................................................................................................................................... 13

1.6 CLEANING SOLVENTS AND FLAMMABLES ...................................................................................................................... 15

1.7 COMPRESSED AIR .................................................................................................................................................... 17

1.8 DEFECTIVE TOOLS .................................................................................................................................................... 19

1.9 DIESEL ENGINE POSITIVE AIR SHUTOFF ........................................................................................................................ 21

1.10 EQUIPMENT OPERATIONS ......................................................................................................................................... 23

1.11 EXPLOSIVE POWDER ACTUATED FASTENING TOOLS ........................................................................................................ 28

1.12 EXPLOSIVES ............................................................................................................................................................ 30

1.13 FENCING ................................................................................................................................................................ 33

1.14 FOREIGN LINE CROSSING PROCEDURE (BORED) ............................................................................................................. 36

1.15 FUELING OF EQUIPMENT ........................................................................................................................................... 38

1.16 GAS DETECTORS – L.E.L. MONITORS .......................................................................................................................... 40

1.17 GRINDING – STATIONARY BENCH GRINDER ................................................................................................................... 42

1.18 HAND‐HELD POWER CIRCULAR SAWS ......................................................................................................................... 44

1.19 HANDLING OF FULL DRUMS AND BARRELS .................................................................................................................... 45

1.20 HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL HANDLING ............................................................................................................................. 47

1.21 HOLIDAY DETECTORS (JEEP MACHINE) ........................................................................................................................ 49

1.22 HOT TIE‐IN PROCEDURE ........................................................................................................................................... 51

1.23 HOUSEKEEPING AND SANITATION ............................................................................................................................... 54

1.24 HYDRO TESTING ...................................................................................................................................................... 57

1.25 HYDRO VAC ............................................................................................................................................................ 62

1.26 JUMPING JACK COMPACTORS / JACK HAMMERS ............................................................................................................ 64

1.27 ILLUMINATION ........................................................................................................................................................ 66

1.28 LADDERS ................................................................................................................................................................ 68

1.29 LOADING AND TRANSPORTATION OF EQUIPMENT .......................................................................................................... 70

1.30 LOCK‐OUT / TAG‐OUT PROCEDURE ............................................................................................................................ 73

1.31 LOWERING‐IN ......................................................................................................................................................... 75

1.32 MANUAL LIFTING .................................................................................................................................................... 77

1.33 MARKER RODS ON SHALLOW GAS WELLS .................................................................................................................... 79

1.34 MECHANICAL LIFTING PROCEDURE – HOISTING ............................................................................................................. 81

1.35 OFF‐LOADING PIPE WITH A SIDE BOOM OR CRANE ........................................................................................................ 84

1.36 OPEN EXCAVATION PROCEDURES ............................................................................................................................... 87

1.37 PILE DRIVING .......................................................................................................................................................... 93

1.38 PIPE BENDING ......................................................................................................................................................... 96

1.39 PIPE GANG ............................................................................................................................................................. 98

1.40 PORTABLE ARC WELDER ......................................................................................................................................... 101

1.41 PORTABLE GRINDERS ............................................................................................................................................. 103

1.42 POWER LINES ....................................................................................................................................................... 106

1.43 PREPARATION OF RIGHT OF WAY (CLEARING/GRADING) ............................................................................................... 110




1.44 PROPANE ............................................................................................................................................................. 113

1.45 RADIOGRAPHIC INSPECTION ..................................................................................................................................... 115

1.46 RESPIRATORY PROTECTION ...................................................................................................................................... 117

1.47 RIVER CROSSINGS .................................................................................................................................................. 119

1.48 SAFE HANDLING OF FUEL, OXYGEN, AND ACETYLENE .................................................................................................... 121

1.49 SAFETY HARNESSES, LIFELINES, AND LANYARDS – FALL ARREST ...................................................................................... 123

1.50 SANDBLASTING ..................................................................................................................................................... 126

1.51 SCAFFOLDS ........................................................................................................................................................... 129

1.52 SOAP TEST AND PIGGING ........................................................................................................................................ 132

1.53 STEEP SLOPE OPERATIONS....................................................................................................................................... 135

1.54 STOCKPILING OF PIPE ............................................................................................................................................. 139

1.55 STORAGE OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS ON THE JOBSITE ............................................................................................... 142

1.56 STRINGING ........................................................................................................................................................... 144

1.57 TASK HAZARD ANALYSIS PROCEDURE ........................................................................................................................ 147

1.58 TEMPORARY CROSSING OPERATIONS ......................................................................................................................... 149

1.59 TIE‐INS – MAINLINE ............................................................................................................................................... 151

1.60 TIGER TORCHES ..................................................................................................................................................... 153

1.61 TOWING OF LIGHT TRAILERS .................................................................................................................................... 155

1.62 TOWING OF TRUCKS AND EQUIPMENT ....................................................................................................................... 157

1.63 TRAFFIC CONTROL / FLAGGING ................................................................................................................................ 160

1.64 WELDING, CUTTING, AND BURNING .......................................................................................................................... 164

1.65 SAFE WORK PROCEDURE ........................................................................................................................................ 167

1.66 CHANGE OF SCOPE, ENVIRONMENT OR OPERATING CONDITIONS .................................................................................... 169

1.67 CODE OF PRACTICE FOR RESPIRATORY PROTECTION ...................................................................................................... 171

1.68 CODE OF PRACTICE FOR CONFINED SPACE ENTRY ......................................................................................................... 176

1.69 GROUND DISTURBANCE CODE OF PRACTICE ................................................................................................................ 183




Name Date Name Date Name Date

1.1 ‐ ATTACHING CABLE CLIPS AND CLAMPING WIRE ROPES Chris Maier June‐05‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐10‐17

1.2 ‐ BACKFILL Chris Maier June‐07‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐10‐17

1.3 ‐ BLOW‐DOWN Chris Maier June‐07‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐10‐17

1.4 ‐ BORING Chris Maier June‐07‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐10‐17

1.5 ‐ CHAIN SAWS Chris Maier June‐13‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐10‐17

1.6 ‐ CLEANING SOLVENTS AND FLAMMABLES Chris Maier June‐13‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐10‐17

1.7 ‐ COMPRESSED AIR Chris Maier June‐05‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐10‐17

1.8 ‐ DEFECTIVE TOOLS Chris Maier June‐05‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐10‐17

1.9 ‐ DIESEL ENGINE POSITIVE AIR SHUTOFF Chris Maier June‐04‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐10‐17

1.1 ‐ EQUIPMENT OPERATIONS Chris Maier June‐05‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐10‐17

1.11 ‐ EXPLOSIVE POWDER ACTUATED FASTENING TOOLS Chris Maier June‐13‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐10‐17

1.12 ‐ EXPLOSIVES Chris Maier June‐14‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐10‐17

1.13 ‐ FENCING Chris Maier June‐07‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐10‐17

1.14 ‐ FOREIGN LINE CROSSING PROCEDURE (BORED) Chris Maier June‐05‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐11‐17

1.15 ‐ FUELING OF EQUIPMENT Chris Maier June‐07‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐11‐17

1.16 ‐ GAS DETECTORS – L.E.L. MONITORS Chris Maier June‐07‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐11‐17

1.17 ‐ GRINDING – STATIONARY BENCH GRINDER Chris Maier June‐07‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐11‐17

1.18 ‐ HAND‐HELD POWER CIRCULAR SAWS Chris Maier June‐07‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐11‐17

1.19 ‐ HANDLING OF FULL DRUMS AND BARRELS Chris Maier June‐13‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐11‐17

1.2 ‐ HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL HANDLING Chris Maier June‐14‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐11‐17

1.21 ‐ HOLIDAY DETECTORS (JEEP MACHINE) Chris Maier June‐05‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐11‐17

1.22 ‐ HOT TIE‐IN PROCEDURE Chris Maier June‐15‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐11‐17

1.23 ‐ HOUSEKEEPING AND SANITATION Chris Maier June‐15‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐11‐17

1.24 ‐ HYDRO TESTING Chris Maier June‐16‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐11‐17

1.25 ‐ HYDRO VAC Chris Maier June‐05‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐11‐17

1.26 ‐ JUMPING JACK COMPACTORS / JACK HAMMERS Chris Maier June‐15‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐15‐17

1.27 ‐ ILLUMINATION Chris Maier June‐14‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐15‐17

1.28 ‐ LADDERS Chris Maier June‐14‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐15‐17

1.29 ‐ LOADING AND TRANSPORTATION OF EQUIPMENT Chris Maier June‐15‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐15‐17

1.3 ‐ LOCK‐OUT / TAG‐OUT PROCEDURE Chris Maier June‐07‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐15‐17

1.31 ‐ LOWERING‐IN Chris Maier June‐05‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐15‐17

1.32 ‐ MANUAL LIFTING Chris Maier June‐07‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐15‐17

1.33 ‐ MARKER RODS ON SHALLOW GAS WELLS Chris Maier June‐13‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐15‐17

1.34 ‐ MECHANICAL LIFTING PROCEDURE – HOISTING Chris Maier June‐13‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐15‐17

1.35 ‐ OFF‐LOADING PIPE WITH A SIDE BOOM OR CRANE Chris Maier June‐05‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐15‐17

1.36 ‐ OPEN EXCAVATION PROCEDURES Chris Maier June‐07‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐15‐17

1.37 ‐ PILE DRIVING Chris Maier June‐16‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐15‐17

1.38 ‐ PIPE BENDING Chris Maier June‐06‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐15‐17

1.39 ‐ PIPE GANG Chris Maier June‐06‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐15‐17

1.4 ‐ PORTABLE ARC WELDER Chris Maier June‐06‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐15‐17

1.41 ‐ PORTABLE GRINDERS Chris Maier June‐06‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐16‐17

1.42 ‐ POWER LINES Chris Maier June‐04‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐16‐17

1.43 ‐ PREPARATION OF RIGHT OF WAY (CLEARING/GRADING) Chris Maier June‐07‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐16‐17

1.44 ‐ PROPANE Chris Maier June‐06‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐16‐17

1.45 ‐ RADIOGRAPHIC INSPECTION Chris Maier June‐06‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐16‐17

1.46 ‐ RESPIRATORY PROTECTION Chris Maier June‐07‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐16‐17

1.47 ‐ RIVER CROSSINGS Chris Maier June‐08‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐16‐17

1.48 ‐ SAFE HANDLING OF FUEL, OXYGEN, AND ACETYLENE Chris Maier June‐06‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐16‐17

1.49 ‐ SAFETY HARNESSES, LIFELINES, AND LANYARDS – FALL ARREST Chris Maier June‐15‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐16‐17

1.5 ‐ SANDBLASTING Chris Maier June‐16‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐16‐17

1.51 ‐ SCAFFOLDS Chris Maier June‐08‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐16‐17

1.52 ‐ SOAP TEST AND PIGGING Chris Maier June‐08‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐16‐17

1.53 ‐ STEEP SLOPE OPERATIONS Chris Maier June‐08‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐16‐17

1.54 ‐ STOCKPILING OF PIPE Chris Maier June‐13‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐16‐17

1.55 ‐ STORAGE OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS ON THE JOBSITE Chris Maier June‐04‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐16‐17

1.56 ‐ STRINGING Chris Maier June‐08‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐23‐17

1.57 ‐ TASK HAZARD ANALYSIS PROCEDURE Chris Maier June‐04‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐23‐17

1.58 ‐ TEMPORARY CROSSING OPERATIONS Chris Maier June‐07‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐23‐17

1.59 ‐ TIE‐INS – MAINLINE Chris Maier June‐07‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐23‐17

1.6 ‐ TIGER TORCHES Chris Maier June‐06‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐23‐17

1.61 ‐ TOWING OF LIGHT TRAILERS Chris Maier June‐08‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐23‐17

1.62 ‐ TOWING OF TRUCKS AND EQUIPMENT Chris Maier June‐08‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐23‐17

1.63 ‐ TRAFFIC CONTROL / FLAGGING Chris Maier June‐14‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐23‐17

1.64 ‐ WELDING, CUTTING, AND BURNING Chris Maier June‐06‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐23‐17

1.65 ‐ SAFE WORK PROCEDURE Chris Maier June‐04‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐23‐17

1.66 ‐ CHANGE OF SCOPE, ENVIRONMENT OR OPERATING CONDITIONS Chris Maier June‐04‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐23‐17

1.67 ‐ CODE OF PRACTICE FOR RESPIRATORY PROTECTION Chris Maier June‐28‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐23‐17

1.68 ‐ CODE OF PRACTICE FOR CONFINED SPACE ENTRY Chris Maier June‐22‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐23‐17

1.69 ‐ GROUND DISTURBANCE CODE OF PRACTICE Chris Maier June‐20‐17 Dustin Wilkes August‐23‐17

Safe Work Practice/ Safe Job Procedure

Developed By Approved By Reviewed By


Safe Work Practices / Procedures


1 SafeWorkPractices&Procedures

1.1 AttachingCableClipsandClampingWireRopes

General

Wire rope clips are forged steel clips used to clamp two pieces of wire rope together.

They are typically used for forming eyes or loops (preferably around thimbles) in wire

ropes. The clips have formed and grooved surfaces and when installed correctly will

not crush, or distort the live end of the rope.

The saddle grooves must be selected to for either right or left lay rope. If the wrong

grooves are used, they will cut into the strands of the rope. There are two types of

clips used – the J‐bolt (fist grip) and the U‐bolt type.

J‐Bolt Clips

The J‐bolt is considered the best of clips to prepare wire rope for rigging. This clip has

two gripping surfaces. These hold the short end of the rope as firmly as the standing

part. The J‐bolt clip cannot be installed wrong. It causes no rope deformity, no

crimping and no twisting of the rope.

U‐Bolt Clips

U‐bolt clips consist of three pieces:

1) U‐bolt

2) Saddle

3) nut

U‐bolt clips must be installed with the U‐bolt over the dead end of the wire rope and

the live end resting in the saddle. U‐bolt clips can be installed wrong – causing damage

to the wire rope. Improper installation may result in serious injury or equipment

damage.

In our business wire rope and clamps are used on side booms and tow cables. If these

are used incorrectly the potential for disaster exists.

Potential Safety Hazards

• Cut hands from cable “whickers”

• Collapse of thimble

• Damaged cable

• Cable slipping through clamps




Environmental Concerns

N/A

Safe Work Practice

Special Required PPE:

• Gloves

• Safety Glasses

Do:

Torque to specifications

Ensure clip is made for wire size

Do Not:

× Straddle wire

× Stagger clips

Supervisors/Foremen

• Ensure proper material, is available

• Address all safety concerns that may arise while performing this procedure.

Operator

• Daily check on wire rope and clamps

Follow the specifications and application instructions included with the product. If the

specific product didn’t come with instructions please contact your supervisors or safety

designate.




1.2 Backfill

General

When the completed pipeline has been lowered into the ditch and all tie‐in and

fabrication connections have been completed, the pipeline is covered up and the ditch

is filled with dirt; level to the surrounding terrain.


• Obstructed view

• Injury

• Fall into ditch

• Vehicle accidents


• Spill or leaking of hazardous material –i.e. hydraulic line leaks

• Mixing of topsoil and subsoil

Environmental Precautions

• Spill kits available

• Properly strip and place topsoil

Required PPE:

• Gloves,

• Safety Glasses

• Reflective vest or striping on coveralls

• Hard Hat

Safe Work Practice

Do:

Ensure equipment operators conduct equipment inspections

Ensure equipment operator is aware and acknowledges when any personnel are

in equipment hazard zone

Wear appropriate clothing and personal protective equipment

Watch for moving equipment

Use a designated signal person

If required use an air horn for signaling

Practice good housekeeping

Watch your footing

Use three point mount/dismount

Check soil conditions and location of hot lines




Do Not:

× Allow anyone but equipment operator to ride on equipment

× Enter equipment hazard zones

× Back up equipment without using a swamper and signaling intent to backup

× Move heavy equipment onto unstable or soft ditch soil

× Move equipment onto hotlines

Procedure

1. Complete and review field level hazard assessment.

2. Designate a worker as a signaler, where necessary (when working around other

equipment, traveling under overhead lines and working in close conjunction to

underground facilities and other workers).

3. Include a review of the hand signals that will be used by the signaler.

4. Ensure the signaler is wearing a reflective vest at all times when working in close

proximity to equipment, and that the signaler makes the operator aware of any

oncoming hazards, i.e. overhead power lines, line crossings, traffic, etc.

5. Keep all workers – except signaler ‐ clear of the equipment’s work area (or hazard

zone), including swing path, unless both the signaler and operator are aware of

their presence.

6. Keep the signaler in sight when the equipment is in motion, to allow signals to be

seen and to ensure safety of signaler.

7. If the equipment operator cannot see the signaler (or swamper) he must stop

immediately.

8. Use a backhoe for shading in pipe, to ensure quality in back‐filling the hole, but in

fine soil conditions, a bulldozer may be utilized.

9. The signaler is also responsible to watch for rocks falling into the trench which

may damage pipe coating, and also to watch for any changing conditions, which

may be hazardous to himself and/or the operator.

10. Use the sub‐soil as the fill material, leaving a small cap of material on top of the

ditch/hole to allow for sloughing and settling of the material.

Responsibilities

Supervisor/Foremen

• Ensure materials, equipment and manpower are in place to comply with this SWP

• Address all safety concerns that may arise

• Ensure all required permits are in place (safe work, ground disturbance)

• Ensure the review of this SWP

Employees

• Be familiar with and follow this SWP.

• Report all incidents, accidents or near misses immediately to supervisor.




1.3 Blow‐Down

General

Blow‐down is the release of pressure in a pipeline system. This is usually done prior to

work on existing pipelines and after testing of new pipelines


• Hearing loss

• Personal injury and property damage from uncontrolled high air pressure or

chemical release

• Hydrates


• Spill of hazardous materials


• Have spill control method(s) available, i.e. absorbent pads, over‐drums, etc.


• Gloves,

• Safety Glasses

• Hearing Protection

Safe Work Practice

Do:

Remove unnecessary personnel from work area

Post warning signs

Wear appropriate specialized PPE

Ensure mainline valve is closed when removing bull plugs, bleed pressure

between mainline valve and bull plug before removing bull plug, and stand to the

side of the bull plug when removing it

Do Not:

× Enter hazard zone unless authorized to do so.

× Stand directly in front of pipe, valves, bull plug or fittings

× Tighten or loosen fittings under pressure

Procedures

1. Establish the content of the line including product type, pressure, and volumes

where applicable.

2. Complete a field level hazard assessment and review any JSA completed for

the task, to minimize the potential hazards. Conduct toolbox meeting,

reviewing the content of the JSA, relevant SDS, the hazard assessment

completed and the PPE requirements for the worksite.




3. Ensure communication between bleed end of piping and opposite end (where

line is blocked in at). Ensure a pressure gauge at both ends to monitor blow

down pressures and that significant differences are not incurred (which could

indicate hydrate in place). Be aware that hydrates release under significant

pressure differential and the release of a hydrate can have catastrophic and

fatal consequences. Pressure drops must be communicated throughout blow

down and only personnel involved in blow down must be on radio through this

process. If communication is lost – blow down must be immediately stopped

by closing in blow down valve. Blow down CANNOT be resumed until

communication has been re‐established and pressure readings communicated.

4. Sign area to warn others of hazards.

5. Only persons directly involved in this procedure are to be in this area. All

personnel to wear appropriate PPE as per hazard assessment and SDS

requirements (i.e. methanol specific PPE).

6. Direct the blow down to reduce/eliminate potential hazards and avoid

changing direction of release while the procedure is taking place. Install blow‐

down piping, which is a minimum of schedule 80 piping, no threaded elbows.

7. Send away personnel not involved in the work procedure to a designated safe

area.

8. Direct competent individuals; to control the valves and monitor the pressure

gauges until the blow‐down is complete.

9. Place yourself in safest possible spot, noting wind direction, potential swing

path of piping etc.

10. Open de‐pressure valves, slowly, ensuring that all equipment remains secured,

and does not start to move.

11. Ensure that work/workers from surrounding area(s) don’t enter the work area

where the blow‐down is occurring.

12. If problems arise, stop the work process immediately by closing in the control

and master valves, and then inform the supervisor.

Responsibilities

Supervisor/Foremen

• Ensure materials, equipment, and manpower are in place


• Ensure all required permits are in place


Employees:

• Be familiar with and follow this SWP and any associated SWP or procedures

• Report any incidents, accidents or near misses to supervisor

• Wear hearing protection and other required PPE




1.4 Boring

General

In many cases to reduce the disturbance of existing above and below ground

structures, utilities, waterways, and natural terrain the use of boring is employed, thus

allowing the passage and placement of the pipeline.


• Long hair and loose clothing can create extremely dangerous situations around

rotating augers

• Drowning from water filling bell holes mainly when boring under a water course

• Cave in


• Spill of hazardous materials

• Potential for hydraulic oil leaks, requiring minor clean‐up


• Ensure hazardous materials are properly stored and have covers in place where

appropriate

• Have spill control method(s) available, i.e. absorbent pads, over‐drums, etc. Special Required PPE:

• Gloves

• Safety Glasses

Safe Work Practice

Do:

Slope or shore all bell holes as per legislated guidelines

Wear safety belts when working over hazardous water or elevations greater than

three 3 meters above the ground or water level

Have two points of access to and egress from bell hole

Do Not:

× Wear loose fitting clothing around rotating augers and or have long hair which is not

tied back and secured under clothing to prevent entanglement in equipment

× Enter a trench that has not been properly sloped or shored

Procedures

1. Complete a hazard assessment and ground disturbance checklist.(As bores are

a subcontracted procedure this documentation should be completed by the

sub‐contracting company personnel and reviewed with all personnel involved

in the procedure – equipment operators, inspection, supervision, etc.).




2. Complete and document a toolbox meeting which reviews the hazard

assessment, ground disturbance and this SWP. Also review any unique

operating concerns for the boring equipment being utilized.

3. Ensure workers are aware that they are required to stand in a location that is

clear in the event the auger binds and flips the machine against the trench

wall.

4. Ensure that approved swivels are used to connect the rotating drill rod head

with the cable, when back‐reaming and pulling a cable through the borehole.

5. Supply the worker with an approved buoyancy device when working in the

vicinity of water and the risk of drowning exists. In addition ensure a stand‐by

boat and attendant is available downstream to assist with a rescue, if required.

Responsibilities

Supervisor/Foremen

• Ensure materials, equipment and manpower are in place to comply with this

SWP


• Ensure all required permits and crossing agreements are in place


Employees

• Follow all safe work practices and job procedures





1.5 ChainSaws

General

Chain saws are used for many jobs in construction. Workers must hold certified

training in chainsaw operation and be trained in its safe use before operating the chain

saw.

Safety Concerns

• Chainsaw kickback

• Burns

• Falling debris

• Ankle/Foot injuries

• Cuts/Amputation

Special Required PPE

• Gloves

• Safety Glasses

• Face Screen

• Chainsaw Pants

• Chainsaw boots

• Personal First Aid Kit


• Fire

• Destruction of wildlife habitats


• Firefighting equipment

Safe Work Practice

Do:

Ensure all personnel operating chainsaws have received proper certifiable

training.

Wear the proper personal protective equipment identified in company

standards, manufacturer recommendations and government legislation.

Fuel, and re‐fill the chain oil, in a well‐ventilated area, when the saw is not

running and it has cooled down from use.

Only use approved safety containers to contain the fuel, which must include a

proper spout or funnel for pouring.

Use the correct methods of starting, holding, carrying, storing and using the

saw, as directed by the manufacturer and instruction. This includes having the

bar guard in place, with the chain facing behind the operator and the motor

shut off when carrying.




Check to ensure the chain brake functions properly and adequately stops the

chain, prior to the starting of cutting operations.

Check the sharpness of the chain, ensuring it has the correct tension, and is

being adequately lubricated. Re‐sharpen the chain on a regular basis, as per

manufacturer specifications.

Review the work procedures, for the task being completed with the chainsaw.

Do Not:

× Operate saw above shoulder height.

× Operate saw unless trained in the safe use of a saw.

Procedure

1. Refer to manufacturer operating procedures.

2. Follow training protocols for slashing, bucking and falling

Responsibilities

Supervisor/Foremen


SWP

• Address all safety concerns that may arise.

• Ensure all required permits and crossing agreements are in place


Employees:

• Follow all safe work practices and job procedures.


• Wear appropriate PPE as outlined here and through training




1.6 CleaningSolventsandFlammables

Safety Concerns

• Respiratory problems

• Fire/Explosion

• Splashed with material / skin absorption

• Chemical burns

• Hazardous atmospheres Environmental Concerns

• Spills of material into the environment contaminating the soil and poisoning

ground surface waters

• Fire/Explosion


• Ensure materials have covers in place

• Have spill control method(s) available, i.e. absorbent pads, over‐drums, etc.


Safe Work Practice

Do:

Only use non‐flammable solvents for general cleaning.

Make sure that hot work is not completed in the immediate area when

flammable products are used or stored

Store flammables and solvents in well ventilated storage areas.

Check toxic hazards of all solvents before use. (SDS.)

Provide adequate ventilation where all solvents and flammables are being

used.

Use required PPE as per SDS.

Wear protective clothing to prevent contamination of worker's clothes.

Use the appropriate respiratory protection, when inhalation hazards exist.

Place solvents and flammable cleaners in proper containers when transporting,

storing and using solvents/flammables in the field.

Ensure all containers are properly labelled.

Where solvents are controlled products, ensure all employees using or in the

vicinity of use have reviewed the appropriate SDS

Do Not:

× Smoke when working with cleaning solvents or flammable substances.

× Transport cleaning solvents or flammable substances in the cab of vehicles.




Procedure

1. Review SDS.

2. Ensure all safety precautions noted on SDS are followed.

3. Follow manufacturer’s specifications for procedure.

4. Dispose of waste as per manufacturer specifications.

Responsibilities

Supervisor/Foreman

• Must be aware of all solvents/flammables that are used on the job, and be

sure that all workers who use these materials have been instructed in their

proper use and any hazard they pose.


SWP



Employees




• Beware of the hazards associated with the materials being used and take the

necessary safety precautions as per the SDS on the product




1.7 CompressedAir

Safety Concerns

• Eye Irritation

• Injury or Fatality if air gets in the blood stream

• Cuts


• Gloves

• Safety Glasses/Goggles


• NA

Safe Work Practice

Do: Turn off the air pressure and bleed the line pressure before disconnecting the

hose or changing tools.

Use hose connectors that are quick ¼ turn disconnect, pressure release.

Ensure other workers in the area are made aware of the hazard area.

Check hoses for cuts, bulges, or other damage and repair or replace any

defective hoses prior to use.

Ensure a pressure regulator and relief device is in the system, to ensure that

desired pressures are maintained.

Use the correct air pressure for the tool or equipment being used.

Maintain the air driven equipment according to the manufacturer's

requirements, including cleaning.

Use whip cables across connectors.

Do Not:

× Use compressed air to blow debris or to clean dirt from any worker's clothes,

as the potential exists for air to be injected into the workers bloodstream,

causing death.

Procedure

• Check all air lines and look for cuts bulges or other damage.

• Check connection to hose

• Check connection on the air tool or fitting

• When using Chicago Couplers ensure connection is wired together to prevent

coupling from coming apart

• Turn on air when applicable




Responsibilities

Supervisor/Foremen


SWP

• Address all safety concerns that may arise.

• Ensure any required permits are in place


Employees







1.8 DefectiveTools

General

A wide variety of tools are used daily in the pipeline industry, but should they become

defective they could cause property damage, serious injuries or even death. Defective

tools must be tagged and removed from service immediately.

Safety Concerns

Watch for the following concerns.

• Hand Tools

- Mushroomed heads, i.e. hammers, chisels

- Split or cracked handles

- Chipped or broken drill bits

- Wrenches with worn out jaws

- Tools which are not complete, such as files without handles

• Power Tools

- Broken, wedged back or inoperative guards

- Insufficient or improper grounding due to damage on double insulated

tools. No ground wire on cords or tools

- The on/off switch is not in good working order

- Tool blade is cracked

- The wrong grinder wheel or blade is being used


• NA for removing or tagging out tools

Safe Work Practice

Do:

Inspect tools prior to use

Ensure defective tools are tagged and removed from service for repair or

disposal

Do Not:

× Use a defective tool

× Remove tag before it is repaired

× Alter or modify tools

× Remove guards or disable safety devices




Procedure

1. Check all tools prior to use.

2. If defective, tag and remove from service.

3. Notify maintenance regarding defective tool.

Responsibilities

Supervisor/Foremen/Employees:

• Ensure defective tools are tagged and removed from service.

• Notify maintenance regarding defective tools.

• Ensure review of and familiarity with this SWP.




1.9 DieselEnginePositiveAirShutoff

General

Diesel engines can pose a potentially explosive hazard if hydrocarbon gases are

allowed to enter the air intake system. The engine may race and fail by exploding. A

positive air shut‐off effectively cuts off air intake to engine and in turn eliminates the

fuel source to the engine.

Safety Concerns

• Engine Failure

• Burns

• Fire / Explosion


• None required for operating Positive Air Shutoff (P.A.S.)


• Fire



Safe Work Practice

Do:

Check the vehicle for a P.A.S. system, prior to working on a worksite with the

potential of a flammable atmosphere.

Test the positive air shut off, by applying the emergency shutdown lever prior

to starting work. Do not test the PAS while engine is under load. Test the PAS

with the engine at idle or off. P.A.S. should noted and recorded in log books –

deficiencies must be corrected before any work begins on a site with potential

for flammable atmosphere.

Do not operate any equipment or vehicle without a P.A.S.; within 25 meters of

a flammable atmosphere source.

Procedure

1. Prior to operating equipment, check positions of positive air shut off and

ensure it is operative.

2. If a release of flammable atmosphere occurs; activate P.A.S. off and exit

machine using three point dismount.

3. Move upwind to safe area.

4. Initiate the emergency response plan for job.




Responsibilities

Management/Supervisors

• Ensure that any diesel engine equipment and machinery they purchase, lease,

rent or otherwise contract for services in the oil and gas industry has a positive

air shut‐off.


Equipment Operators

• Must be able to identify when the positive air shut off must be used.

• Must be able to operate positive air shut off.

• Must test P.A.S. as required by regulations and fleet management




1.10 EquipmentOperations

General

Heavy equipment including Dozers, Graders, Pipe layers (Side booms), Tractors, Rubber

and Track hoes are used extensively in the pipeline industry. All operators need to be

trained in the operation these specific pieces of equipment and be familiar with the

manufacturer’s maintenance procedures.


Crushing

Strike other Vehicle

Electrocution

Cave ins

Amputation

Overhead and underground utility strikes

Fire/explosion

Personal injury/death


Potential for equipment leaks (fuel, oil) requiring minor clean‐up

Damage/destruction of environmentally sensitive areas

Top soil handling/conservation

Introduction of foreign vegetation

Fire/explosion

Potential for major release from utility strikes


Have spill control method(s) available, i.e. absorbent pads, over‐drums, etc.

Firefighting equipment




Safe Work Practice


Gloves,

Safety Glasses,

Hearing Protection,

High Visibility Clothing,

Air horn

Do:

Keep equipment at least 7 meters from power lines.

Watch for underground facilities or large rocks.

Keep pipe from being moved, carried or swung above workers.

Turn off equipment prior to fueling.

Use tag lines on all suspended loads

Ensure that side booms will carry cradles no higher than 5 feet off the ground,

when travelling on the right of way.

Recognize the ideal practice is to have the cradles secured to the boom, just

above the tracks. This prevents the side boom traveling on the right of way with a

load hoisted to the top of the boom and creating the potential for side boom roll

over.

Ensure all operators must make a careful inspection of their equipment at the

start of each shift, ensuring all serious deficiencies are reported to the supervisor

immediately. If a serious deficiency exists, do not operate equipment, while it is

in unsafe condition. Tag the equipment out until the deficiency is corrected.

Complete the logbooks for the equipment ensuring that they are kept up to date.

Hold, and comply with, the specialized licenses required to meet provincial

regulations for select equipment, i.e. hoisting tickets, and supply the company

with a copy of the license.

Be aware of the placement of swampers and other ground personnel at all times.

Protect all hard surface roadways from damage when crossing with tracked

equipment.

Ensure crossing protection material is at least one meter from the edge of the

highway when not in use.

Ensure equipment outfitted with a winch, has a system; such as a substantial

cable guard, to protect the operator from the danger of flying cables.

Engage the safety lockout or turn the machine off whenever it is parked for any

reason, lowering blade, buckets, and booms to the ground; especially when the

operator dismounts or another worker mounts the equipment.

Ensure the brakes have been applied, or the machine is blocked to prevent

movement when unattended or is parked on a sloping ground or adjacent to an

excavation.




Use three point mount/dismount procedures.

Do Not:

× Allow any worker under a suspended load. All employees are reminded to stay

out from underneath boom sticks at all times as they are considered a

suspended load anytime they are in the air. If movement under a boom stick is

absolutely necessary it shall not be done until the brake has been set and the

boom stick is observed secure and holding. Boom operators are not to make any

boom stick movements if any personnel are directly under or moving towards

underneath the boom stick. Only when the operator is absolutely positive that

no personnel are under the boom stick shall they begin to operate the stick as

necessary. Ground personnel are not to proceed under the boom stick until

operator has given all clear signal.

× Operate equipment unless authorized and trained to do so.

× Enter the work area (hazard zone) of heavy equipment until operator is aware of

your presence.

× Operate equipment that has been designated unsafe.

× Engage in ground disturbance prior to completing ground disturbance checklist.

× Use cables that are frayed or kinked.

× Pick up or lower any load while any worker is between the equipment and load.

× Move side booms on the right of way with the load hook dangling in a position

hazardous to workers or with the boom lower than thirty (30) degrees from the

vertical position.

× Climb on any equipment while it is in motion.

Procedures Backhoe, Trenchers and Dragline Operations:

1. Complete and document pre‐use inspection in equipment logbook, including

condition of the arm, wire rope connections, hydraulic lines, buckets, fire

extinguisher, positive air shut‐off and rollover protection.

2. Understand scope of work; including depth, width and length of excavation.

3. Review the working area for underground facilities, identifying stake location

and the direction of underground facilities, paying particular attention to the

possibility of curves, corners and ‘T’s.

4. Complete and or review ground disturbance checklist.

5. Ensure all permits and special precautions are in place.

6. Where applicable, designate a signaler.

7. Check dummy lines and ensure overhead power line signs and markers are

erected in the work area.

8. If working near a wellhead follow wellhead marker rod procedure




9. Walk around equipment prior to entering cab, checking for obstacles or

potential hazards.

10. Enter cab, making use of equipment hand and footholds while maintaining

three‐point contact

11. Start equipment and allow warm up as per manufactures specifications.

12. Prior to engaging of ditching wheel or bucket, the operator shall make sure all

guards are in place and that swamper is in full view and clear from all

equipment.

13. If at any time swamper is lost from view; stop equipment immediately and

ascertain location of swamper. Swamper shall ensure he remains in view of

equipment operator at all times and if he must remove himself from task

ensure that equipment operator is aware and a backup swamper is used.

14. Keep all workers clear of the equipment's work area except swamper,

including swing path, unless both the swamper and operator are aware of their

presence, prior to entering the work area.

15. Ensure the equipment stays at least 1 meter (3’) from any underground facility,

as these lines must be exposed by hand‐exposed or through hydro vacing.

16. Engage conveyor system on chain or wheel trenchers.

17. Engage ditching wheel on chain or wheel trenchers.

18. Before leaving the cab, ensure the bucket is lowered to the ground and the

house and brakes are locked.

19. Keys must be removed from the ignition. Engage night switch and/or battery

disconnects.

20. In some areas it may be necessary to engage positive air shutoff to eliminate

unauthorized use of equipment.

21. The boom, ditcher wheel, blades shall be left in a grounded and safe position

when the equipment is not in use.

22. When dismounting machine maintain three‐point contact

Operating Pipe Layers:

1. Complete and document pre‐use inspection in equipment logbook, including

condition of the boom, wire rope connections and the amount on drum,

hydraulic lines and rollover protection. At least five (5) full turns of the wire

rope shall be kept on the winding drums at all times.

2. Review scope of work and applicable Safe Work Practices prior to commencing

work.

3. Designate signal person and means of identification.

4. Ensure overheard power line markers and signs are erected in work area.

5. If working around wellheads follow marker rod procedure.

6. Walk around machine looking for any potential hazards.

7. Get on to machine maintaining three‐point contact also when dismounting

machine maintain three‐point contact.




8. Start and warm up equipment as per manufactures specifications.

9. Do a functional test.

10. Commence operating the equipment.

11. Never leave the controls of the machine while a section of pipe is suspended.

12. When parked for any reason and the operator dismounts, the unit shall be

locked or rendered incapable of being started by an unauthorized person.

13. While operating, ensure workers are clear of booms when loads are being

lowered or lifted.

14. When spooling in of cable requires intervention; the guiding of lines onto

drums by means of the hand or foot is prohibited. A stick or iron bar shall be

used for this purpose.

15. Side booms and blades shall be lowered to the ground during non‐working

hours.

Picker Truck Operation:

1. Trained, competent and/or certified persons, as identified by provincial

training regulations, will only operate pickers and cranes.

2. Pickers and cranes will be operated within the manufacturer guidelines and

legislation.

3. Pickers and cranes will be operated within load limits. Load limit chart must be

attached to unit for ease of review.

4. Inspect all components of the picker or crane before use, documenting the

inspection and deficiencies in the equipment logbook. If any deficiencies are

noted or occur the crane or picker will be removed from service until repaired.

5. Inspect the units to ensure all controls are clearly identified as to their function

and the direction of operation. This includes ensuring the instruction and

warning placards are complete and legible.

6. Functional test all controls daily, to determine proper function and safe

operation.

7. Assign a competent worker as a swamper to provide agreed upon signals and

direction to the unit operator. Except in emergency situations, no other

individual should attempt to signal the operator.

8. All other operating procedures will be to manufacturer specifications.

Responsibilities Supervisor/Foremen:

Ensure any person operating equipment is competent and if applicable

licensed to do so.

Ensure all affected employees have been made aware of the existence of these

procedures.

Ensure the review of this SWP.




Operator:

Inspect equipment daily.

Remove or replace potentially hazardous defects and document in equipment

logbook.

Follow this SWP and any other relevant SWP to the task being performed.

Worker:

Follow this SWP.

1.11 ExplosivePowderActuatedFasteningTools

General

Explosive/powder actuated fastening tools can be extremely dangerous and should

only be operated by competent personnel.

Safety Concerns

Fire/Explosion

Personal injury

Property damage

Special Required PPE: as per manufacturer’s recommendations and hazard assessment


Fire

Chemical release



Have spill control method(s) available, i.e. absorbent pads, over‐drums, etc.

Safe Work Practice

Do:

Use only CSA standard approved for "Explosive Actuated Fastening Tools".

Keep hands clear of the muzzle end at all times.

Store explosive/powder actuated tools in their proper lockable boxes.

Load tool just prior to use with the correct load, for the job anticipated.

Wear proper PPE as per manufacturer’s recommendations and hazard

assessment.

Consult, and follow, manufacturer’s recommendations.

Erect signs and barricades identifying the hazard area, especially where a

hazard to other workers is created by this operation.




Do Not:

× Use this type of tool, unless properly trained by authorized dealer/distributor,

or other competent source.

× Leave loaded tools unattended.

× Point Explosive Actuated Tools at anyone.

× Use explosive/powder‐actuated tools in an explosive atmosphere.

Procedure

There are a number of tools utilizing an explosive charge in use throughout the

construction industry. The manufacturer of these devices provides detailed

instructions regarding their use and maintenance. These instructions, along with

legislation specifically set out for their use, shall be closely adhered to at all times.

Consult and follow manufacturer’s recommendations for proper procedure in the use

and maintenance of power‐actuated tools.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman:

Ensure manufacturer detailed instructions, safe work practices and procedures

regarding use are followed.

Ensure proper equipment if available.

Ensure proper PPE and warning devices are available.

Ensure that only properly trained and competent personnel operate power‐

actuated tools.

Employees:

Ensure manufacturer procedures are adhered to.




1.12 Explosives

General

The loading, transportation, storage, preparing, fixing and firing of explosives will be

governed by regulations of the Explosives Act and by applicable provincial regulations.


Fire

Uncontrolled explosions

Injury or death


Fire/explosions

Safe Work Practice


Gloves

Safety Glasses

Hearing Protection

Do

Follow manufacture’s specifications and Safe Work Practices

Procedure

Qualifications

1. The Company will ensure that no person is allowed to conduct or direct

blasting operations unless that person is the holder of a valid blasters

certificate required by the authority having jurisdiction.

2. Only workers experienced, certified and competent in the handling of

explosives will be permitted to handle, haul, or detonate explosives.

Transportation

1. All vehicles used to transport explosives will conform to T.D.G. regulations,

Transport Canada Regulations and the Federal Explosives Act and Regulations.

2. All drivers transporting explosives will be trained and certified in the transport

of explosives.

Magazines

1. Explosives and detonators will not be stored together in a magazine.

2. Magazines are to be properly identified, locked, and located in a safe area.




3. Regulations regarding inventory of explosives and maintenance of magazines

will be strictly adhered to.

Drilling

An extreme hazard may exist in any area where blasting has taken place during

previous construction or where grade blasting proceeds ditch blasting. This hazard may

be in the form of lost or abandoned explosives or un‐detonated explosives located in

rock rubble or lodged in boot‐legs.

1. All drillers will be experienced and familiar with the scope of work to be

performed prior to commencing activities.

2. All provincial regulations regarding drilling will be strictly adhered to.

3. No driller shall drill a hole within the prohibited radius beside any loaded hole.

These instructions may change from province to province. The driller shall

ensure he is aware of the required distance.

4. Drillers will ensure that the work surface is bare and clean of debris before

engaging the drill.

5. No attempt shall be made to remove or destroy any explosives or detonators

that may be encountered. Work in the area shall cease immediately and

supervision notified.

6. Dust control devices shall be kept in good working order.

Blast Signals

1. Warning signs detailing blasting procedures will be erected on all accesses to

the blasting are.

2. All workers will familiarize with signs and obey them.

Initiating the Blast

1. When loading holes, only wooden tamping poles shall be used.

2. Once holes are loaded, they are to be guarded until initiated.

3. No loose or boxed explosives or detonators will be left unattended.

4. Loaded holes must not be driven over.

5. An appropriate blasting machine shall be used for the number of circuits/

detonators to be fired.

6. Precautions are to be taken to minimize flying rock.

7. Warning signs/signals have been posted.

8. The blast site is to be secured with guards who have been instructed of their

duties

9. Danger area of minimum 500m to be cleared of workers and equipment.

10. Proper warning signals are to be sounded before firing the charge.

11. No blasting shall occur during electrical storms.




After the Blast has occurred

1. If a misfire occurs, wait 30 minutes for safety fuse and 10 minutes for

electrical.

2. Lead wires are to be shorted out immediately after firing.

3. No other person to enter the blast site until blaster has examined for hazards;

unstable slopes, loose rocks, trees, etc.

4. Blaster must make thorough check for misfired charges.

5. No personnel may enter site until blaster has given permission and the all clear

signal has been given.

6. All hazards are to corrected before employees can continue work in the area;

loose rocks, trees, misfires, etc.

Misfire Procedure

1. Only necessary workers in the blast area.

2. Metallic equipment used only under controlled conditions.

3. Detonate misfires before other work is done.

4. Any drilling to re‐fire is carried out under the direction of the blaster.

5. No dynamite to be removed from any misfired hole.

6. No person shall remove, re‐light, or disturb any fuse or any part of a misfired

charge.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman



Ensure proper equipment is available.


Ensure that only properly trained and competent personnel operate power

actuated tools.

Employees





1.13 Fencing

General

Fencing is a common job in the pipeline industry. To eliminate injury and ensure the

quality of workmanship during the process is to be supervised by a competent worker.

Safe work practices and a common job procedure must be followed in order to

understand and avoid hazards associated with this job.


Underground utility strike

Flying splinters and wood chips

Cuts and scrapes from barbed wire

Pinch points

Fire ; during refueling


NA


Ensure work meets all regulations, especially if it is taking place on sensitive

lands.

Safe Work Practice

Special required PPE

Gloves

Safety glasses

Do:

Check for underground utilities; ground disturbance checklist

Protect yourself and others from posts splitting

Check all equipment and tools prior to use

Wear safety glasses and gloves

If using chainsaws review chainsaw procedure and safe work practice

Do Not:

× Over stretch wire, wire may cause injuries or damages

× Pound staples into knots

× Pound posts into unstable ground

× Operate tools or equipment you are not familiar with




Procedure

Complete ground disturbance checklists, ensuring underground utilities have been

marked. Assess areas for concrete or rocks to make sure the ground will accept a post.

Pounding Posts

1. Position footing or post pounding equipment to address soft ground.

2. Use of safety eyewear and protective clothing.

3. Keep hands away from post top when pounding.

4. Visually inspect wire for kinks or broken strands and check manufacturers’

specifications for wire pull strength to avoid over stretching wire.

5. Mark the post pounder to indicate height of top of post to be pounded to.

6. Line up post vertically, slowly moving pounder into position over post.

7. Hold post on the side; keep hands away from post top while pounding.

8. Pound post to desired depth, watching for splitting of post or flying debris.

Stretching Wire

1. Secure end of wire into the mechanical stretcher making sure wire is secure

and wont slip under stress.

2. Engage wire stretcher, standing away from wire in case of a break or release of

wire.

3. Secure wire to post with a double wrap and then staple wire to post.

4. Secure loose ends of wire to post or to the wire itself.

Opening Fence Line for Temporary Gates

1. Determine where gate is to inserted and marked on fence line.

2. Pound gate posts into ground, as per above, then pound a second post into the

ground, approximately four feet to the inside of post.

3. Notch the inside of the two posts at the top and install a 4x4 that has been pre‐

cut to the proper length and nail spikes into place.

4. Attach a tensioning wire to top of inside post, stringing down to the bottom of

the gatepost, securing it, then returning it back up to the inside post and tying

both ends of wire together.

5. Place a stake between the middle of two strands of wire and twist the stake to

tighten the wire, checking tension and tightening as needed.

6. Measure and cut stay posts that will be used for gate.

7. String main fence line to gate post and attach stays with staples.

8. Use looped nine wire for securing gate to gate post, leaving a foot of free

space on the bottom of gatepost to be inserted.

9. Secure a piece of rope on top of gate post to be used as an assist to close gate.

10. Attach Keep Gate Closed sign if applicable.




Responsibilities

Foreman

Unsure materials, equipment and manpower are in place to comply with safe

work practices and job procedure.

Address all safety concerns that may arise while performing work.

Ensure all required permits are in place.

Employees

Follow all safe work practices and job procedure.

Report any incidents, near misses, or accidents to Supervisor.




1.14 ForeignLineCrossingProcedure(Bored)

General

In many cases to reduce the disturbance of existing above and below ground

structures, utilities, waterways, and natural terrain the use of boring is employed,

allowing the passage and placement of the pipeline.


Cave ins

Pinch points

Fire/explosion

Hazardous atmosphere

Entanglement in equipment

Drowning


Spill of equipment fluids


Spill kits

Safe Work Practice


Gloves

Safety glasses

F/R coveralls

Fire extinguisher

Gas monitor

Do

Check all lifting devices prior to use

Ensure bell holes are properly sloped and shored

Ensure there are several escape routes

Extinguish all sources of ignition prior to fueling boring machine

Keep all materials and tools away from the edge of bell hole

Have gas monitors on hand to test atmosphere when needed

Do Not:

× Enter bell hole unless properly sloped or shored

× Wear lose fitting clothing




Procedure

i. Complete ground disturbance checklist.

ii. Hold toolbox meeting.

iii. Confirm foreign line location.

iv. Hydro‐vac or hand expose foreign line and identify.

v. Hydro‐vac or hand expose observation slot below foreign line to ensure

sufficient clearance.

vi. Excavate bell hole on both sides of foreign line, ensuring minimum clearance of

1.5 meters between the bell hole and the foreign line is maintained. Bell holes

are to excavated to a depth sufficient to allow bore to proceed at a depth

lower than the observation slot.

vii. Set in boring machine and bore crossing with safety watch in position, ensuring

adequate clearing with foreign line.

viii. Remove machine from bell hole.

ix. Install flow line into bore.

Responsibilities

Project Supervisor

Ensure all required materials, equipment and manpower is provided to

complete bore.

Daylight Crew Foreman

Ensure that the foreign line has been fully exposed and that the observation

slot has been excavated to the required depth.

Boring Crew Foreman

Ensure that the safety watch is posted in a safe area that allows full view of

observation slot until the bore has gone well past the foreign line.




1.15 FuelingofEquipment

General

To prevent personal injury or property damage while fueling equipment.


Fire/explosion

Spills

Slips/falls


Spills


Spill kit on fueling trucks

Safe Work Practice


Gloves

Safety glasses

Do:

Ensure stationary storage fuel tanks are vented and kept clear of buildings, and

if not buried, are to be grounded.

Carry gasoline in a closed container which is adequately vented.

Inspect fuel tanks daily for leaks and ensure that the static chain is attached.

Keep metal fill nozzle in contact with the lip of tank to eliminate any static

accumulation.

Take care not to overfill any equipment tanks.

Use the three point system when climbing on or off equipment.

Do Not:

× Smoke when fueling is in progress.

× Allow open fires, welding, etc. in the fueling zones.

× Fuel equipment before it is shut off.

× Overfill any equipment fuel tanks.

× Climb on equipment until it has been shut off.

× Leave fuel pumping unattended.

× Work on equipment over 3 meters without proper fall protection.




Procedures

1. When approaching equipment for refueling ensure both the swamper and

operator see you and signal you to enter area.

2. Drive within close proximity of equipment to be fueled.

3. Shut off fuel truck if not required to run pump.

4. Have operator shut off equipment and set attachment to rest.

5. Insure proper grounding of fuel truck and equipment.

6. Turn on fuel pump and remove nozzle.

7. If helper is available, climb onto equipment and have nozzle handed to you.

8. If no help is available, attach rope to nozzle, climb onto equipment and pull up

nozzle with rope.

9. Remove fuel cap, insert nozzle into tank and fill.

10. When finished fueling, hand down or lower nozzle with rope.

11. Climb off equipment, shut off pump and store nozzle.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman

Ensure materials, equipment and manpower are in place to comply with these

safe work practices and job procedure.

Address all safety concerns that may arise while performing this procedure.


Employees


Wear proper fall protection equipment when necessary.

Report any incidents, accidents or near misses to supervisor.




1.16 GasDetectors–L.E.L.Monitors

General

Gas detectors are used to measure the concentration of various gases in the

atmosphere. Due to the various makes and models of gas detection devices, workers

responsible must be trained in the use of each specific gas monitoring or detection

device.

Potential Hazards

Fire/explosion

Injury/death

Property/equipment damage


Fire/explosion



Safe Work Practice


Gloves

Safety glasses

Respiratory protection

Do:

Use electric monitors only.

Ensure persons operating monitors are trained in their operation.

Check manufactures specifications prior to operation.

Keep extra batteries readily available.

Exit area as soon as alarm sounds.

Remove from service any monitors which are in need of calibration or are

defective.

Do Not:

Enter area where potential hazardous atmosphere is a concern without first

checking the atmosphere as well as continuously monitoring the atmosphere

while in the area.




Procedure

When using any gas detection or monitoring equipment, always perform the following

steps:

1. Read and understand the manufacturer’s instruction manual.

2. Check the date of the last calibration.

3. Make sure you are in fresh air and that the temperature of the monitor is close

to the atmosphere which you will be measuring.

4. Power the unit up and make sure that all the startup steps of the monitor

function according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

5. Position the unit as low as practical for H2S and other heavier than air gasses.

Lighter, flammable gasses will accumulate in higher areas; consequently the

monitor should be positioned accordingly.

6. The alarm points on an electric monitor may be set to a specific point

depending on Company requirements. Under no circumstances is the alarm to

be set above maximum limits established by legislation guidelines. For some of

the more common gases the following alarm points are common throughout

the industry.

i. Hydrogen Sulphide – 10 ppm

ii. Oxygen – 19.5% to 22%

iii. Carbon Monoxide – 25 ppm

iv. Explosive gases – 10% Lower Explosive Level

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman

Where needed ensure monitors/training are available.

Ensure emergency response plans are in place.

Employees

Do not enter area where there is a concern of hazardous atmosphere unless it

has been checked and cleared prior to entry and continuously monitored while

in the area.




1.17 Grinding–StationaryBenchGrinder

General

The improper use of grinders can result in severe injury and death. The use of the

proper wheel, which is in good condition, and the utilization of proper safety

equipment are essential.

Safety Concerns

Wheel explosion

Respiratory problems

Burns

Electric shock


NA

Safe Work Practice


Goggles

Face shields

Dusk masks

Gloves

Do:

Wear proper respiratory protection and PPE when grinding for extended

periods of time or when grinding silica‐producing surfaces such as concrete.

Protect your eyes with goggles and face shields at all times.

Set the tool rest for the correct distance from the abrasive wheel – 3mm (1/8”)

maximum.

Replace the grindstone when the adjustment rest of the rest cannot provide

3mm (1/8”) clearance.

Reface the wheel with the appropriate surfacing tool if the wheel has been

ground to an angle or grooved.

Check the maximum approved speed stamped on the wheel blotter against the

shaft rotation speed of the machine to end

Sure safe peripheral speed is not exceeded. If the peripheral speed exceeds

manufacturer’s recommendation change the wheel out.




Check the flange supporting the grinding wheel, which should be a 1/3

diameter of the wheel, and must fit the shaft rotating speed according to the

manufacturer’s recommendation.

Do Not:

× Grind on the side of the wheel as it may cause damage to the wheel and

possibly add to the potential of the wheel exploding.

× Stand directly in front of the grinding wheel as it is started.

× Leave grinder unattended while it is in operation.

Procedure

i. Put on safety glass and face shield.

ii. Check grinder for damaged wheel.

iii. Ensure guard is in place

iv. Stand to side of grinder and turn grinder on.

v. Allow grinder to reach full speed before use.

vi. When grinding small objects, use vice grips to hold them.

vii. Turn grinder off after use.

viii. Wait for grinder to come to a complete stop before leaving area.

Responsibilities

All Employees

Only operate grinder once trained and authorized to do so.




1.18 Hand‐HeldPowerCircularSaws

General

This type of power hand tool is one of the least used in pipeline construction.

Safety Concerns

Arm strain

Flying material/ dust in eyes

Cuts/amputation

Fire/explosion

Safe Work Practice


Gloves

Safety glasses/face shield

Do:

Use safety glasses/goggles when operating circular saws.

Use appropriate breathing protection when harmful vapours or dusts are

created.

Check saw to ensure that the appropriate blade is being used for work being

done.

Disconnect power supply before changing blades or making any adjustments to

saw.

Check materials for foreign objects or any other objects that may cause kick

back before using saw.

Ensure secure footing and use both hands to guide saw.

Ensure materials being cut will not fall on anything that can be damaged.

Make sure blade guard has fully retracted before setting down saw.

Do Not:

× Use saws with defective guards.

× Use saw unless trained and authorized to do so.

Procedure

Refer to operating procedures.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman

Ensure all materials, equipment and manpower comply with safe work

practices and job procedure.

Employees


Report any near misses or accidents to supervisor.




1.19 HandlingofFullDrumsandBarrels

General

Use drum handling equipment such as two wheel dolly’s whenever possible.

Safety Concerns

Strains

Rushing

Chemical burns

Cuts/amputation


The potential for fluid to spill into the environment, contaminating soils and

ground waters.


Spill kits

Safe Work Practices


Rubberized gloves

Safety glasses/goggles

Do:

Ensure a spill kit is near if needed.

Review SDS. for materials being handled.

Do Not:

Attempt to move barrels alone unless using mechanical assistance.

Procedure

If moving by hand

1. Wear gloves as defined in the SDS, and for protection from cuts from mill burrs

or rough edges.

2. Clear the path, including other workers before moving drum.

3. Use proper handling techniques as laid out in the manual lifting procedure and

test weight of drum.

4. Place hands and feet in positions where they will not be pinched when drum is

set down.

5. Be sure there is sufficient clearance before pulling drums over onto their side

6. Use your hands or mechanical assistance to roll drums away from you.




7. Use at least two workers, or the aid of an approved mechanical device, to up‐

end a filled drum.

8. When drums are steel, concrete or other smooth surfaces, they must be

upended quickly to prevent sliding. Use a mechanical device, or move the

drum to a dry/non‐slip surface when attempting to up‐end a drum on a

slippery floor.

9. Care should be taken when opening drums with liners, especially when drum

has been damaged/dented, as there may be trapped pressure.

10. When opening drums that have been expose to heat, from the sun or other

sources, stand in the clear and open slowly until pressure has been relieved.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman

Ensure there is enough personnel/equipment available for safe handling of

drums.

Employees

Be aware of physical limitations.

Get help when needed.




1.20 HazardousChemicalHandling

General

Employees will be provided with information on controlled products that they may be

exposed to and the location of the SDS information on the worksite. W.H.M.I.S training

is required for all employees and is provided within the C.S.T.S Training and

Orientation process.

Safety Concerns

Chemical burns

Chemical ingestion

Spills

Property damage


The potential for a chemical spill into the environment exists which may

potentially contaminate the soil and poison surface or ground waters.


Spill kits

Safe Work Practice

Special required PPE:

Refer to SDS for product handling and PPE requirements

Rubber gloves

Face shield

Safety glasses

Rubber outer wear


Do:

Ensure all controlled products are properly labelled.

Ensure that all the Safety Data Sheets (SDS.) are available for all products in the

area.

Use recommended handling procedures, protective clothing and equipment, as

directed by SDS. when working with controlled products.

Ask the supervisor/foreman for instructions, if unsure of the classification, or if

you do not understand the information.

Certification and training is required when transporting more than 500kg or 5

cylinders of propane, acetylene and oxygen or fuel tanks with a capacity

greater than 454 liters.

Carry any TDG Exemption Permits issued in the vehicle when transporting

dangerous goods.




Do Not:

× Transport products covered under the Transportation of Dangerous Good

unless trained.

× Work with controlled products prior to specific training on that product.

Procedures

i. Prior to moving any hazardous material, check SDS.

ii. Put on appropriate personal equipment.

iii. Ensure other safety equipment as laid out in SDS. is readily available, including

spill kits.

iv. Handle the controlled product as per the SDS.

v. When transporting hazardous materials, follow procedures laid out in TDG

training.

vi. When finished with controlled products store or dispose of them as required

by the SDS.

Responsibilities

Management

Ensure training is available for personnel.

Ensure proper recordkeeping in regards to TDG training and transportation.

Supervisors

To ensure only qualified personnel are transporting dangerous goods.

Review the documentation being completed by the employees and shippers on

a regular basis to ensure it is filled out correctly.

Ensure that the office receives a copy of the paperwork for filing.

Employees

Only transport dangerous goods if they have completed company specific TDG

training.

Review all associated paperwork with regards to TDG prior to transport.

Placed the appropriate placards on the vehicle and carry a manifest of goods in

the vehicle while in transport.

Shippers

Ensure that they have been trained in the Transportation of Dangerous Goods.

That documentation is completed to the standards set by legislation.

Review the training certificate of the person transporting dangerous goods.

Ensure that the proper placards have been posted on vehicle transporting any

dangerous goods and that they have possession of the manifest of goods when

necessary.

The Shipper and Employee may be the same person.




1.21 HolidayDetectors(JeepMachine)

General

Jeeping ensures that the integrity of the pipeline coating is intact prior to lowering pipe

into ditch and is intended to assist in eliminating the potential for injury and property

damage.


Use of wrong voltage for the holiday detector

Electrical shock

Ground cable short

Fire – ground cables may short batteries during storage

Safe Work Practice

Do:

Ensure the proper holiday detector is being used for there are high and low

voltage detectors. Ensure correct sized spring electrode is used for the pipe

being jeeped.

When returning detector to case after use, battery is to be placed terminal side

down or electrical tape is used to cover terminals to prevent a short with the

ground cable.

Make sure pipe is properly grounded.

In dry areas, it will help to drag ground cable in ditches where there is more

moisture or by securing the ground to the side boom.

Do Not:

× Touch bare ground wire when unit is running as electrical shock will occur.

× Cut ground cable to shorter length. The length supplied is necessary for the

proper operation of the detector.

Procedure

1. This procedure is for the SPY holiday detector. However, always check the

manufacturers’ operating instructions prior to use.

2. Open the case and remove detector, wand, battery, and ground cable.

3. Before assembly, ensure the detector is off by pushing down on the right

switch button.

4. Insert battery into battery box with terminals pointing up.

5. Tip battery box at a 30 degree angle and insert into the front battery latch on

the detector unit; then push battery box into rear latch until box snaps into

place. To remove battery, reverse procedure.




6. Connect the High voltage wand by aligning the key on the wand with the slot in

the hole in the front of the detector. Push the wand into the detector until the

wand snaps into place. To release, press the catches on the bottom of detector

while gently pulling on wand.

7. Connect ground cable by inserting the insulated fitting into the end of the

handle and twist clockwise to lock into place. To release turn counter

clockwise.

8. Unroll ground wire and let it drag behind or attach to side boom.

9. Hook one end of spring into wand, wrap the spring around the pipe then

connect second end to wand.

10. While holding detector with one hand on the handle and the other on the

body, turn on detector by pushing left button.

11. While staying within sight of side boom operator, walk beside pipe while

pushing detector ahead of you and listening for a loud jeep noise. This noise

indicates a break in the pipes coating.

12. Stop, shut off detector and remove spring to repair coating.

13. Once the coating has been repaired, reconnect spring and turn on detector.

Roll spring over repaired area to ensure the repair has been completed

properly. Continue process until the line has been fully jeeped.

Responsibilities

Supervisor

Ensure workers are competent and trained in this procedure.

Detector Operator

Follow this procedure and report/remove from service any faulty equipment.




1.22 HotTie‐InProcedure

General

Hot tie‐ins involves the cutting or opening of a line that has not been cleaned or

purged and may be in use, pressurized and contains a hazardous flammable material.

Please note that this procedure is provided For Informational Purposes Only. Hot

Tie‐In’s must be completed by a Qualified Vendor or Sub‐Contractor.


Fire/explosion


Falling hazard

Spills

Uncontrolled release of gas of hydrocarbons


Fie/explosions

Spills


Spill kits on site

Environment emergency response numbers on site

Firefighting equipment available

Safe Work Practices

Special Required PPE and Materials:

Gloves

Safety glasses

Gas detection equipment

Fire retardant clothing

Fire extinguishers

Bentonite – for mud plugs

Water or windshield antifreeze

Do:

Confirm bleed down and locks out procedures have been done.

Confirm content of line and review SDS.

Remain within the operator’s line of vision.

Wear appropriate clothing and personal protective equipment.

Shut off equipment when refuelling.




Use a designated signal person.

Practice good housekeeping.

Keep flammable materials away from welding areas.

Inspect slings before use.

Do Not:

× Enter area if not directly involved in tie‐in procedure.

× Stand directly in front of open existing lines.

× Walk under suspended loads.

× Jump off equipment.

× Look at welders’ arc without proper eye protection.

× Breathe in welding fumes.

× Take unnecessary chances.

Procedures

1. Do a hazard assessment and hold and document a toolbox meeting to review

scope of work, hazards and controls, safety requirements and concerns, and

emergency response and tie‐in procedures.

2. Ensure all permits are in place.

3. Confirm with Customer operations personnel that the line has been de‐

pressurized and pigged.

4. Confirm with Customer operations personnel that all wells have been shut‐in

and locked out.

5. Place fire extinguishers in an easily accessible location.

6. Drill a small pilot hole approximately 1/8”‐1/4” inch in diameter in the section

that is to be removed using an air compressed drill to avoid sparks. This will

ensure that the line is de‐pressurized.

7. Use cold cutters to cut out the section to be removed. Pipeline section is to be

grounded at both ends prior to cold cut to avoid sparks.

8. Carefully remove the section.

9. When due to conditions and circumstances the system cannot be thoroughly

purged the use of mud is required.

10. Mix Bentonite with water/antifreeze solution and lug both open ends with a

minimum 400 mm plug. Where mud plugs can not be used and flanges are

welded in, the use of inflatable bladders will be used. There is a possibility of

LEL readings when antifreeze is used and there is a possible requirement of air

moving equipment to dissipate these prior to continuing.

11. Using gas detection equipment, check both ends and the trench for presence

of explosive gas mixture.

12. If gas readings are within acceptable levels, proceed to install new section.




13. Upon completion of welds, insert a mud plugin the branch prior to making final

tie‐in.

14. After final tie‐in completion, check entire work are to ensure no gas pocket

exists.

15. Complete balance of work as per normal job procedure.

16. Inform Customer operations personnel that the tie‐in is complete. They will pig

out mud plugs when appropriate.

17. Clean up area prior to leaving.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman

Contact appropriate parties to bleed and lock out existing line.

Coordinate this procedure.

Ensure materials, manpower and equipment are available to follow procedure.




1.23 HousekeepingandSanitation

General

Housekeeping plays a major role in Accident Prevention and Occupational Health

protection. Planning for good housekeeping must include specific procedures for

arrival, storage, use, and disposal of materials and equipment no longer in use or

required. If tools or equipment have been acquired on a rental basis, good

housekeeping and management principles will ensure that these resources are

immediately returned after use and do not result in needles cost.

Scrap materials and rubbish are not only fire hazards, but create untold other hazards

for employees. Containers shall be provided, used, and emptied regularly.


Cuts/punctures

Electrocution

Slips/falls


Fire

Soil and water contamination


Fire extinguisher

Spill kit

Safe Work Practice

General Housekeeping

Do:

Ensure adequate refuse containers, which are located in easily accessible

areas, have been provided and that the containers are used and emptied on a

regular basis.

Return all surplus materials to their designated storage areas at the end of

each shift. This will prevent tools and materials from creating hazards for

others.

Place solvent soaked and oily rags and other absorbents in labelled container

with lids.

Transfer solvents from leaking containers immediately to a sound container,

disposing of the defective container in an approved manner. If funnels and

transfer hoses are leaking, replace and dispose of defective items in an

approved manner.




Return equipment and tools that are not in use immediately to the proper

storage cabinets, hooks or tool board.

Ensure that doorways, stairwells and emergency exits are clear and accessible

at all times.

Keep flammable materials to a practical minimum on all job sites and in the

shop area.

Keep floors and walking surfaces clean and free of refuse, debris, and slipping

or tripping hazards.

Keep safety equipment such as fire extinguishers, first aid kits, eye wash

stations, in the proper locations unless for quick access when needed.

Store equipment and materials no closer than 1 meter from any electrical

panel, fire extinguisher, or first aid kit.

Clean up spills promptly ensuring that the material is not spread around,

contaminating other areas of the worksite.

Ensure all controlled product containers have a supplier or work place label

affixed to the container.

Keep SDS. information readily available for all workers to review prior to using

hazardous materials.

Establish a maintenance crew for the worksite to keep change rooms, lunch

rooms and washroom facilities clean and free of debris.

Ensure only authorized, trained personnel, working under immediate

supervision, remove of and dispose of hazardous materials from the worksite.

Complete all applicable documentation, as outlined in the Environmental

Policy section when disposing of hazardous materials.

Ensure that all procedures developed for the safe disposal of dangerous

chemicals, toxic residues, and other contaminated waste, including containers

that are no longer needed, are followed.

Remove protruding nails from salvage lumber immediately, and stack in a safe

manner in designated area.

Ensure that racks, shelves, or bins provided for the storage of materials and

supplies are on firm and level ground, and are constructed to support the

weight of materials stored on/in them.

Ensure camp garbage disposal facilities consist of closed, fly‐tight containers,

and that garbage is removed at least twice weekly.

Ensure camp garbage is disposed of in designated areas in accordance with our

client’s directions and local legislation.

Do Not:

Dispose of garbage in non‐designated areas or watercourses.

Sanitation




Drinking Water

Do:

Test water obtained from streams, wells, or other temporary sources to ensure

it is suitable for consumption prior to using the water for drinking.

Label water other than drinking water as “Not Fit for Consumption”.

Toilet Facilities Do:

Ensure toilets are available on all worksites and installed per regulations,

including flush toilets where sanitary sewer systems are readily available and

portable or chemical toilets where sanitary systems are not available.

Ensure toilets are constructed so that the interior is lighted, adequately

ventilated, and that all windows and vents are screened.

Keep washroom facility clean at all times, sterilized weekly.

Procedures

i. Do hazard assessment for ach job site using safe work practices and

housekeeping.

ii. Check with regulatory authorities for disposal of waste in area.

iii. Put in place waste collection containers on site where applicable.

iv. Make arrangements for and set responsibilities for sanitary facilities and

drinking water.

v. Set up schedule for removal of waste.

vi. Set up responsibilities for clean‐up of areas and disposal of waste.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman

Must be aware that sanitation requirements may vary significantly from

project to project and ensure that emergency showers and eyewash

stations are provided as required by legislation and industry practices.

Practice safe work for housekeeping.

All Employees

Practice safe work for housekeeping.




1.24 HydroTesting

General

To prevent personal injury or property damage during testing procedures.


Line burst

Personal Injury


Contamination of soil or water


Filter water through bails of filter cloth.

Containment units to recover test media (when required).

Safe Work Practice


Gloves

Safety glasses

Hearing protection

Do:

An onsite safety assessment.

Stay alert to fire emergencies.

Regularly inspect test equipment and fittings.




Watch for moving equipment.


Make sure that anti‐whip cables are in place.

Stay clear of manifold.

Ensure de‐watering pipe under pressure is secure.

Do Not:

× Stand directly in front of test heads or valves.

× Tighten or loosen fittings while under pressure.

× Allow anyone not directly involved in testing to be in the area.




Procedures

Typical Equipment ‐ weld on test heads, pressure unit, high pressure test signs,

recorders, dead weight, pigs.

Hydro tests vary from job to job as do test pressure, test media, and disposal of test

media. The following procedure lays out a general procedure, but will need to be

adjusted to meet test specific requirements.

Safety Meeting – Communication of the following topics:

1. Review hazard assessment.

2. Pressure test procedure.

3. People and their responsibilities.

4. Leak test pressures.

5. Final test pressure.

6. Duration of the test.

7. Communication system.

8. Restricted areas.

9. Minimum distance for non‐essential people shall be 30 m (100 ft).

10. These areas shall be posted with warning signs and be patrolled.

11. Hydrostatic test ‐ along with the above:

12. Warning signs shall be posted at crossing points and at any access to the lease

area where equipment is under test.

13. Posted areas shall be patrolled.

Pipeline System Preparations

1. Preparation shall include all equipment that will be subjected to the test

pressure (e.g. test heads or manifolds).

2. All flanges, valves and fittings shall be verified, based on stamped or

nameplate rating. Be sure all fittings meet or exceed test pressure.

3. All system valves shall be fully open.

4. Check valves may interfere with filling or draining. Valve internals should only

be removed as needed. If parts are removed, the valve shall be flagged or

marked so that the parts are replaced after the test.

5. Process instrument connections shall be disconnected and plugged

downstream from the first valve.

6. In the event of a re‐qualification test, the pipe material grade and minimum

wall thickness shall be checked.

Test Equipment Preparation

All piping and connections shall be butt‐welded or flanged except for:




a. Threaded connections are permitted for piping sizes less than 60.3mm outside

diameter. (2.3 inches) with 3,000 lb threadolets, valves and fittings, and

schedule 80 pipe and nipples for test pressures less than 14,000 KPA (2000

PSI).

b. Threaded pressure monitoring connections are permitted for sizes less than

33.4mm outside diameter (1.315 inches) with 6,000 lb threadolets, needle

valves and fittings and schedule 160 nipples for test pressure less than 35,000

KPA (5000 PSI).

c. Compression couplings (e.g. dresser sleeves).

d. Filling operations may be completed using camlock couplings or other low

pressure type connections ‐ provided these couplings are isolated from the

system when pressuring up.

1. 1) An isolation valve and a check valve rated a minimum of one ANSI class

higher than the pipeline shall be provided for connecting to the pressure

equipment. The higher class is required to accommodate the pressure test of

the equipment.

2. 2) Temperature and pressure chart records and dead weight testers are

specified by the ERCB.

3. 3) All test heads and associated piping shall be adequately supported to

prevent bending loads.

Test Media

Water or/and Methanol

Filling of Lines

Before the filling of line:

All nonessential personal shall leave the test area.

All signage will be in place.

All personal will be versed on test procedure and there responsibility.

After lines have been filled all valves will be closed, jumper lines bled and removed,

then valves will be plugged or blinds installed.

Test Execution

1. Designated foreman shall do a pre‐test checkout.

2. Designated foreman shall notify the regulatory authorities as required.

3. Pre‐test checkout shall consist of the following 3 stages:

a. Pipeline system

b. Pressure system

c. Safety system

4. All lines and connections used for filling and not rated for the test pressures

shall be disconnected and properly blinded.




5. The owner shall provide the pre‐test checkout sheets.

6. For a hydrostatic test, air must be excluded while filling the system with fluid.

7. No threaded fitting, flange, hammer union or other mechanical joint shall be

tightened while the system is under pressure.

8. For a hydro test the pressure shall be gradually increased to the larger amount

of either 2000 KPA (290 PSI) or 20% of the test pressure and held for a

sufficient length of time to check for leaks.

9. Only one successful leak test at 2000 KPA (290 PSI) or 20% of the test pressure

is required for a hydro test.

10. The system shall be de‐pressured prior to repairing any leaks detected during

the test. Following the repairs, the system shall be retested.

11. Upon successful completion, the pressure shall be increased at a reasonable

rate to full test. The final test pressure and duration shall be specified by the

design requirements.

Pressure System

All piping and connections between the pressure source and the pipeline shall be

flanged or welded or of the following type:

For Test

1. All piping shall be steel.

2. Steel braided hoses shall not be used except for instrumentation.

3. Hammer unions are permitted on piping sizes less that 60.3mm in diameter

(2.3 inches).

4. Screwed connections may be used for instrument connections 26.7mm in

diameter (1.1 inches) and less using 2500 lb. rated fittings and schedule 40

pipe and sec 80 screwed fittings.

5. A pressure gauge shall be mounted on the equipment in order that the

operator can read the line pressure from the control station. An isolation valve

shall be provided below the gauge.

6. Steel line will be used from the pressure unit to the test head while pressuring

pipeline after stabilization.

7. A relief valve shall be installed on the pressure equipment and set 10% higher

than the pipeline pressure.

8. A check valve shall be installed on the pressure line between the source and

the relief valve to prevent any release back to the operator's location.

9. Suitable piping and valves shall be installed in order that the system can be de‐

pressured to a safe location.

10. Piping shall not be driven over, nor covered or bridged to allow any crossing.

Monitoring




1. Allow a minimum of 4 hrs or until stabilized whichever is greater for the test

medium temperature to equalize.

2. The start point of the test shall be marked on the chart recorders.

3. An initial dead weight pressure reading shall be recorded and then recorded

every 15 min for the first 2 hrs and then every four (4) hours for the duration

of the test.

4. With the owners approval the pressure shall be maintained within 2.5% of the

relief pressure with the addition of test medium when changes are due to

temperature variations.

5. These changes shall be recorded.

Repairs and Re‐Testing

1. If the line fails the test, any leak or defect shall be repaired.

2. The seal welding of threaded connections is forbidden.

3. Repair welds shall be made and inspected to original design specifications.

4. No repairs will be done while under pressure unless area is isolated and de‐

pressurized.

Depressurizing and Flushing

i. The piping changes are not permitted for the purpose of de‐pressurizing. All

piping shall be in place before testing.

ii. Systems shall be depressurised to a safe location by using the valves and piping

as provided.

iii. Dewatering will be done at the fill site.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman

For the safety measures that are outlined.

Notify the Owner and Provincial Area Inspector, so that they may witness the

testing.

Employees

Comply with applicable safe work practices.




1.25 HydroVac

General

All existing pipelines and cables that are to be crossed within the construction area

shall be identified and exposed by hand or hydro vac prior to equipment excavation.


When working in unstable soil conditions, be sure to position the hydro vac unit so that

it cannot slide into an open excavation.


Spill of hazardous materials

Potential for hydraulic oil leaks


Ensure good housekeeping of hydro vac

Have spill control methods available; absorbent pads, over‐drums

Safe Work Practice


Gloves

Safety glasses

Do:

Always wear required PPE.

Mark or barricade hydro vac holes and lines prior to leaving area.

Do Not:

Point hydro vac wand at any persons or wildlife.

Procedures

1. Contact First Call for area prior to any excavation.

2. Mark, or ensure all underground facilities are marked on the worksite by

reviewing construction drawings and crossing agreements.

3. Have a third party sweep done of the area to ensure no facilities or utilities

have been missed.

4. Tour the right of way looking for obvious signs of crossings not indicated on

the drawings. Also speak with landowners about the possibility of existing lines

not shown or located.

5. Contact pipeline owner representatives and request their presence when work

is being conducted to expose their lines and work over them.




6. Ensure the size, commodity, pressure and estimated depth have been

identified and the horizontal position and alignment of the pipeline/utility has

been established.

7. Complete or review the hazard assessment for the worksite, relative to hydro‐

trenching operations and complete a ground disturbance checklist.

8. Conduct a toolbox meeting ensuring that the hazard assessment, controls, and

scope of work information for the worksite is reviewed in the meeting.

9. Expose all existing pipelines and cables which are to be crossed within the

construction area, by hand or with the hydro vac unit prior to heavy

equipment use.

10. If slot trenching, ensure a perpendicular trench is completed at least every 15

meters from the proposed alignment. This trench is to be the width of the area

to be excavated later by conventional excavation equipment.

11. While completing a slot trench, if a line is exposed in the perpendicular trench,

ensure the elbow is located to identify the alignment of the main line before

proceeding. If a line is exposed, ensure the excavation is 0.6 meters deeper at

the crossing.

12. Document the size, type, and depth of any and all lines crossed by the trench,

ensuring the site supervisor is aware of the line, prior to moving the next

trench or task.

13. Barricade and posts warning signs along trench.

14. Be sure to brief the site supervisor before leaving site.

Responsibilities

Supervisor/Foreman

Review construction drawings and crossing agreements.

Tour right of way and note locations of foreign line crossing markers.

Supervise and instruct hydro vac crews and line crossings.

Complete hydro vac excavation checklist.

All Employees

Ensure all excavations left unattended are barricaded and posted with warning

signs.




1.26 JumpingJackCompactors/JackHammers

General

Jumping jacks and jackhammers are used quite extensively in plant sites, compressor

sites, and other facility sites. However, their use is somewhat limited in the pipeline

industry. Workers must be trained in their safe use before operating.


Clean up fuel spills and dispose of materials properly.

Safe Work Practice

Safety Concerns

Control and kickback

Ankle/foot/lower leg injuries

Arm strain

Flying materials/objects


Gloves

Safety glasses

Hearing protection

Instep protectors

Do:

Familiarize yourself with equipment operation and maintenance manual

before use.

Review work procedures and hazard analysis.

Do Not:

Use this equipment unless trained and authorized to do so.

Procedure

1. Ensure all PPE as required and referenced above is in place.

2. Refer to attached manufacturer operating procedures.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman

Ensure completion of hazard assessment.

Ensure all materials, PPE, equipment and manpower is in place to comply with

safe work practices and job procedures.

Ensure equipment is being operated in a competent manner.




Employees

Follow safe work practices and job procedure.

Ensure all required PPE is in place.

Follow manufacturers operating procedures.

If unsure of any of the above – Ask.




1.27 Illumination

General

Illumination may be summed up under the headings of Quantity and Quality. The

quality of light pertains to the distribution of brightness in our visual environment. It

directly affects our visual observation, performance, visual comfort, and ease of

seeing; therefore it is a major factor in accident prevention. Poor illumination causes

poor visibility, visual discomfort, annoyance, and eye fatigue resulting in poor

workmanship. This can result in production delays, schedule disruptions, and is often

the direct cause of personal injury and equipment damage.

Safe Work Practices


Cuts/punctures

Eye strain

Slips/falls

Special required PPE

Clear safety glasses

Do:

Ensure lighting systems have protective guards over the bulbs or lamps,

preventing the bulbs from being damaged in the workplace.

Replace broken/burned out bulbs immediately.

Use explosion proof lighting in confined spaces, such as vessels.

Hang temporary lighting with non‐conductive material, i.e., electrical tape,

plastic tie straps.

Notify workers affected by the disconnection or temporary shut off of lighting

services with details of the shutdown; where, when, duration, etc.

Inform personnel who may be working on the electrical lines or who may be

endangered before the system is re‐energized.

Inspect ratings of overload protection, such as fuses and circuit breakers to

determine whether they adequately protect the lines maximum current

carrying capacity.

Inspect the bulbs/lamps used in any circuit and equipment to ensure that they

do not exceed the specified voltage rating for that fixture.

Ensure bulbs are firmly screwed into sockets.

Do Not:

× Work in poor lighting.




Procedures

1. As lighting requirements will vary from project to project, the following is a

procedure to put in place lighting for each project.

2. Do a task hazard assessment to determine required lighting.

3. Refer to safe work practices while doing assessments.

4. Refer to legislation standards and table to determine the desirable quantity of

light for the task being completed. The fineness of detail to be observed and

the hazards of the worksite also determine the type of lighting required for the

worksite.

5. Where practical secure temporary lighting cables overhead so as not to create

tripping hazards, and a t the same time provide maximum illumination.

Responsibilities

Supervisor/Foreman

Ensure lighting needs have been identified in the hazard assessment and

addresses accordingly in the workplace.

Employees

Report any hazards or concerns due to inadequate lighting.




1.28 Ladders

General

Ladders are used in the pipeline industry most commonly in trenches for access/egress

and by tail hook operators in the stringing procedure. Ladders must be maintained in

good working condition and inspected on a regular basis for deficiencies.


Electrocution

Falls

Crushing


Gloves

Safety glasses

Procedure

Portable

1. Set up the ladder at the proper angle, one (1) horizontal unit to every four (4)

vertical units.

2. Secure the base and walk the ladder up into place, preventing the ladder from

slipping away, when setting up ladder.

3. Prior to use, secure the ladder against movement by using a tie down system

or another worker as an anchor.

4. Watch for and stay clear of overhead wiring when raising, lowering, or moving

ladders.

5. Stand the ladder so it protrudes at least one (1) meter above the landing point.

6. While facing the ladder, using a three point contact method, grip it firmly when

moving up or down.

7. Complete work from any rung except the top two.

8. To prevent overreaching, climb down and move the ladder.

9. Ensure the overlap on an extension ladder never exceeds a minimum of on (1)

meter, unless the manufacturer specifies the overlap.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman

Ensure materials, equipment, and manpower are in place to comply with these






Employees


Report any incidents, accidents, or near misses.

If you are unsure of any task ‐ Ask.




1.29 LoadingandTransportationofEquipment

General

Heavy equipment is used extensively in the pipeline industry. These include but are not

limited to; side booms, dozers, tractors, graders, and tracked and rubber tired

excavators. All heavy equipment is transported to and from worksites. There is

potential for severe injury and death as well as property damage and spills.


Personal injury/death

Crushing

Equipment damage/loss

Strike other vehicle

Electrocution

Amputation

Overhead utility strikes

Fire/explosion


Potential for equipment fluid leaks requiring clean up.

Damage/destruction of environmentally sensitive areas.

Introduction of foreign vegetation.


Spill control methods to be readily available; absorbent pads, over drums, etc.

Wash stations for equipment entering from noxious areas.

Safe Work Practices


Gloves

Safety glasses

Do:

Plan a safe route in advance of departures, keeping in mind road restrictions,

bridges, overpasses, tunnels and peak traffic periods.

Perform pre‐trip, en‐route and post trip vehicle inspections.

Use the three point contact method when entering and exiting equipment or

heights.

Stay alert when travelling, rest when tired. Refer to national safety code

regulations.




Maintain an accurate trip log as per National Safety Code regulations.

Always wear a seatbelt.

Abide by local, municipal, and provincial transport regulations.

Watch for overhead power lines.

Follow TDG regulations.

Secure all equipment before transporting; Cargo shall be firmly immobilized or

secured on or within the vehicle by structures of adequate strength, blocking,

bracing, dunnage or dunnage bags, shoring bars, tie downs or a combination of

these ‐ National Safety Code Standard 10, Div.3, Sec.9.

Tie downs are to comply with NSC Standard 19, Div. 4 with reference to

tension, edge protectors, working load limit and minimum number.

When loading and hauling side booms, either the stick must be removed or the

side boom spun on the deck of the trailer with the stick laid down.

For larger side booms, the stick must be removed entirely due to the size of

the tractor.

Use tires to protect the decking of the trailer when loading and off‐loading

equipment.

Do Not:

× Transport side booms with stick in the air.

× Allow anyone to ride on equipment that is being transported.

Procedures

1. Determine a safe position to load or unload equipment. Take into account

overhead power lines, traffic, ground stability, etc.

2. Position truck and trailer on level ground for greater stability with the loading

process.

3. Turn on beacon lights, dynamite brakes, check gauges and check exterior

lights. Check truck and trailer for air leaks.

4. Set skids at beaver tails to assist in loading equipment.

5. When loading tracked equipment, set tires on deck of trailer.

6. Remove flags and over dimensional signs from trailer.

7. While approaching equipment to be loaded visually inspect the unit for

vandalism, damage, oil leaks, low tires.

8. Check fluid levels on the equipment that is to be loaded before starting the

unit. Allow unit to reach operating temperature before moving.

9. Load equipment as per manufacturers’ specifications.

10. Larger equipment must have blades and booms removed prior to loading.

11. Exit equipment that has been loaded using footholds taking caution as the

equipment may be wider than the trailer and slippery because of weather

conditions.

12. Secure the load with chains as per NSC Standard 10, Sec. 4 Regulations.




13. Install protective window coverings where applicable.

14. Replace flags and over dimension signs.

15. Make sure equipment and trailer are clean and free from any debris that may

cause damage or accidents when the truck is in motion – rocks, dirt, ice, etc.

16. Enter tractor and check brake pressure and test brake operation.

17. When pulling a trailer, check the airline connections, electrical connection,

lights, and brake operation prior to leaving the yard or jobsite.

Registration and Permits

All trucks are to carry valid and proper registration, insurance and permits for goods

hauled. Also the driver is responsible for an updated logbook and special permits for

overweight and oversized loads.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Forman

Ensure truck driver is capable and competent with operation of equipment and

the loading and unloading of equipment and/or is present if loaded/unloaded

by the operator of the equipment.

Truck Driver

To obtain all permits as required; overweight, oversize, etc.

Notify supervisors of any changes.

Complete logbooks.

Obtain help when needed.

Follow Work Alone Procedure when applicable.




1.30 Lock‐Out/Tag‐OutProcedure

General

Locks are used to positively secure devices that control energy or equipment that could

move and create a hazard to workers.


Fie/explosion

Pinch point

Uncontrolled release of energy

Equipment/property damage

Injury/death


Fire/explosion

Spills



Spill kits

Safe Work Practices


Gloves

Safety glasses

Locks and Tag Out signage

Do:

Ensure tags are positioned correctly.

Ensure tags are removed by the individual who installed them or by an

employee under their direction.

Do Not:

× Remove tags until work is completed.

Procedure

1. Locks installed on equipment must be tagged or marked and identify the

person who installed the lock.

2. The person who installed the lock shall keep the keys on their person.

3. Upon completion of work all locking devices must be removed by the person

who installed the locks.

4. Ensure that the client lock and tag requirements are met.

Lock Out Procedure




1. Ensure that operations personnel have shut down all equipment affected by

the job and isolated all energy sources and forms of mechanical movement.

2. Apply locking devices and identification to energy sources and equipment.

3. Record locations of locks and the name of the person who installed the locks.

4. Check effectiveness of locks to ensure that there will be no accidental

movement of equipment or discharge of energy.

5. Upon completion of works the work site will be checked to ensure that no

workers will be endangered by removing the locks and energizing or operating

the equipment.

6. Locks will be removed by the worker who installed them in the reverse order

that they were installed and checked off the lockout sheet.

7. Operation personnel will energize equipment, open valves, and start

equipment unless the worker is otherwise instructed.

8. Always check to ensure that the client requirements are met for lockout

procedures.

Lock Out/Tag Out of Equipment

1. If equipment has keys, remove keys.

2. If no keys, shut off main power.

3. “Do Not Operate” tag to be attached where obvious to operator.

4. Tag not to be removed until repairs are complete.

5. Tag only to be removed by person who put on tag.

No equipment that has been tagged will be used until tag has been removed by the

individual or designate who tagged out equipment.

Equipment left on right of way at night must be disabled to stop unauthorized use of

equipment and possible injury or damage.

All equipment will have keys removed if so equipped.

Booms will be laid down and dogs engaged.

Hoes will have buckets grounded.

Equipment with battery isolators must be switched off.

Wheel and chain trenchers must be laid down.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman

Report and remove from service any equipment that is defective.

Ensure lock/tag out procedures are completed prior to commencing work

where there are potential hazards from energy release.

Employees

Report and remove from service any equipment that is defective.




1.31 Lowering‐In

General

After pipe sections are properly welded together, cleaned, coated, and the ditch

bottom cleaned of rocks and debris, then the sections are lowered into the ditch by

side booms or excavators using lowering in belts or cradles in a carefully coordinated

action.


Cave in

Damage to pipe

Equipment and property damage

Slips/falls

Personal injury

Pipe kicking and dislodging from tubs or skids


Introduction of foreign vegetation

Minor spills

Fire


Spill kits

Equipment washed prior to introduction to right of way to eliminate

introduction of foreign vegetation.


Safe Work Practice


Gloves

Safety glasses

Hearing protection

Do:

Conduct regular equipment inspections.

Remain within the operators’ line of site.

Coordinate lowering in procedure.


Use caution around moving equipment.


Use a dedicated signal person.




Use caution and follow procedures when installing foam breakers or pillows.


Inspect slings and cradles before use.

Do Not:

× Stand between pipe and ditch unless pipe has been immobilized and secured.

× Stand, walk, or crawl under suspended loads.

× Stand on ride on pipe.

× Enter ditch unless properly sloped and/or shored.

Procedure

Typical Equipment

Side booms, dozers, excavators, lowering in belts/cradles, rated cables and slings, skid

sloop/sleigh, transport equipment, coating hand tools, ladders, ditch pillows.

1. Conduct a hazard assessment; implement controls, and a toolbox meeting.

2. Designate a signaller.

3. Position side boom beside pipe with boom directly over pipe.

4. Place cradle under pipe and attach to side boom.

5. Lift cradles to support weight of pipe.

6. Attach holiday detector/jeeper behind cradles and follow jeeping procedure.

7. Boom out pipe over ditch and proceed forward.

8. When signalled to stop for coating repair‐stop, boom in and wait for

completion of repair.

9. At loose ends of pipe boom in.

10. Build skid crotch and set pipe into the skid crotch.

11. Unhook cradles.

Responsibilities

Equipment Operators

Be aware of employees in the area.

Follow procedure.




1.32 ManualLifting

General

Training employees to utilize proper lifting techniques that place minimum stress on

the lower back will prevent injuries.

Potential Safety hazards

Back strain/injury

Drop material

Splashed with spilled materials

Trip and fall due to obstructed view


Hazardous material spill


Spill kits

Safe Work Practice

Do:

When lifting early in the day or after driving, stretch and warm up before

attempting the lift.

Keep square to the ground, back straight, head up, feet shoulder width apart,

keep load close to the body; test the weight of the object before lifting.

If there is strain or discomfort during the lift, do not continue as this can cause

injuries to the back.

Where possible use mechanical lifting devices; dollies, hoists, booms, etc.

Clear walking path prior to moving materials and ensure covers are in place.

Get help with heavier/awkward objects and divide loads into smaller and

lighter lifts.

Do Not:

× Twist while lifting.

× Lift with back, use your legs.

× Lift objects beyond your capacity.

× Carry an object that impairs your visibility.

How to Lift Safely

Prior to lifting, examine the object for sharp corners, slippery spots, or other potential

hazards and try to determine the weight of the object to prevent exceeding your

personal limit. Ask for help if needed and divide the load to make it lighter if possible.

Clear the area and path of obstructions.




Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman

Make available adequate equipment and personnel for lifting.

Discourage the assignment of workers to jobs that exceed their physical

capacities.

Employees

Only lift objects or materials manually after reviewing the steps in this

procedure.




1.33 MarkerRodsonShallowGasWells

General

Typically, shallow gas well head assemblies are set close to the grade level and lack the

distinct colours to aid with identifying their existence. The following action plan

eliminates the risk of heavy equipment backing over these wells.

Safety Concerns

Fire/explosion

Gas release

Property damage

Death


Release of hazardous materials

Fire/explosion


Emergency response plan in place to deal with uncontrolled release of

hazardous materials


Safe Working Practice


Air horn

Fire retardant coveralls

Safety glasses

Do:

Ensure markers are in place before operating equipment near well heads and

have a competent swamper watching while working within five meters of the

well head. The swamper is to carry an air horn to signal the operator while

working.

Notify supervisor if a well head is encountered with no markers in place.

Only use marker rods that are 10 foot long with an orange mesh flag.

Do Not:

× Operate equipment within 5 meters of wellheads unless a competent swamper

is signalling the operator.

× Remove markers until clean‐up of worksite is completed.




Job Procedure

i. Do a hazard assessment to determine whether to use markers and a

competent swamper to control the hazards of working around the wellhead.

Where marker rods are determined to be used as a control method:

1. When arriving on site, marker flags must be installed prior to operation

equipment in the area.

2. Marker rods are 10 feet long with an orange mesh flag on top. These are to be

installed and secured in place.

3. Operators are to inform their immediate supervisor in the event that an

operator encounters a wellsite without a marker rod. It is also the operator’s

responsibility to give the well head a wide berth if there is a need to pass

through the location.

4. Ensure the markers are in place until cleanup of the worksite is completed and

the need for mechanical equipment is no longer required.

5. The removal of a marker rod is to come under the directive of the project

superintendent.

6. Upon the completion of the installation of pipeline risers by a rubber tired

excavator, the operator will clean up the site to a distance extending 3 meters

beyond the tex fence.

Where a competent swamper is determined to be the control method:

1. Swamper is to wear hearing protection.

2. Swamper must be equipped with an air horn and maintain visual contact with

the operator.

3. Swamper must be present at all times when equipment is working in the area.

4. The priority of the swamper is to keep equipment 5 meters away from

wellhead.

5. When equipment appears to be or is headed into the restricted are, the

swamper will signal the operator and direct them away from the are3a. If the

operator does not immediately respond, the swamper is to use the air horn to

stop the equipment and direct it out of or away from the restricted area.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman

Ensure that one of the two controlled methods is used when working around

wellheads.

Ensure material, equipment, and manpower is made available for this

procedure.

Employees

Report any missing marker rods to supervisor/foreman.

Follow one of the two controlled methods as determined by supervisor.




1.34 MechanicalLiftingProcedure–Hoisting

General

Rigging looks like an easy operation that requires no particular skill or experience. But

it isn’t. It requires knowledge, training, and experience. Riggers must be competent.

Many people have lost fingers, hands, or have suffered more serious injuries because

of inexperience. The following are generic lifting procedures and will not apply to all

situations. There must be a competent rigger involved in all lifts.


Electrocution

Injury/death

Property damage

Tipping of equipment

Striking other objects when swinging or lowering



Potential for hydraulic oil leaks


Ensure materials have covers in place where applicable

Spill kits are to be readily available

Safe Work Practice


Gloves

Safety glasses

Reflective vests

Do:

Wear gloves when handling wire rope.

Use taglines to control loads.




Prior to each use thoroughly inspect all sling, clevises, wire rope, and lifting

chains for any defects and maintain in good order. Also inspect safety latches

ensuring that they are in good working order.

Ensure slings and alloy chains are rated higher than the expected load weight.

Place the hoist or crane directly over load, preventing load swing.

Use sling with the proper reach secured with clevises.

Ensure all personnel are standing clear of the load.

Ensure all suspended loads are properly supported and that workers do not

move or work under the suspended load.

Review signalling techniques with swamper and operator to ensure correct

communication.

Wire ropes on side booms are to be securely fastened to the drums, and at

least five full turns of wire rope shall be kept on the winding drum at all times.

Hooks that have opened more than 15 percent of the normal opening

measured at the narrowest point, or twisted more than 10 degrees from the

original plane of the hook, cracked or otherwise defective shall be permanently

removed from service.

Do Not:

× Ride on the hook or load.

× Shorten a line by twisting or knotting.

× Lift with a kink, knot, or twist in chain or wire rope.

× Use bolts or nuts with chain slings.

× Stand under the load and keep from under the boom as much as possible.

× Exceed the safe working load warranted by the manufacturer on wire ropes,

slings, hooks, and fittings.

× Use hooks for purposes in which they are not designed.

Procedure

1. Conduct a hazard assessment and hold a toolbox meeting between the crew

involved in the lift.

2. Identify a signalman and instruct the equipment operator only to recognize

signs from the designated crew member. Signalman to wear a visi‐vest or arm

bands to be readily recognizable.

3. Set up the hoist or crane to company manufacturers and legislative

requirements.

4. Determine the weight of the load prior to lift to ensure that the lifting

equipment can operate within its capabilities and that the correct lifting

equipment is being used.

5. Find center of gravity or point balance of load. The lifting device is to be

positioned immediately above the center of gravity or point balance.

6. Prepare the area where load is to be landed by removing unnecessary blocks

or objects that will interfere with a clean landing.




7. When shackles are used, shackle pins shall be secured to prevent accidental

withdrawal.

8. When U‐bolt type clips are used for fastening wire rope, the U‐bolt shall be

installed so that it bears the short/dead end of the rope. For the appropriate

number of clips, spacing, and torque, refer to the procedure for attaching cable

clips and clamping wire rope.

9. Where a wedge socket connector is used as a wire rope terminal, the dead end

of the rope shall be looped back on itself and secured with a single cable clip.

10. Slings shall be protected from sharp corners of the load and adjusted to

equalize the strain before the load is lifted.

11. After positioning sling or choker, release before giving the all ready signal if

possible. If you must hold the sling or choker, ensure that hands are free from

pinch points.

12. Each rigger must be in the clear before the all ready signal is given.

13. Watch out for the roll or swing of the load. Anticipate the direction of the sing

or roll and work away from it.

14. Never place yourself between equipment, material, or any stationary object

and the load swing. Stay away from stacked material that may be knocked over

by a swinging load.

15. Attach tag lines and ensure the area is clear of obstacles.

16. When using eyebolts, ensure the pull on the eyebolts is in line with the bolt.

17. Lift the load.

18. Swing the load to the landing location, watching the swing path for other

objects and workers in the area.

19. When lowering or setting the load, be sure your feet and all others of body are

out from under the load. Set the load down easily and slowly so that if it rolls

on the blocking, it will be a slow shift that you can get away from. Ensure the

load is stable before slackening the sling or chain.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman

Ensure equipment and competent personnel are involved in lifts.

Ensure procedure and practices are reviewed and followed by all persons

involved in lift.

Operator

Conduct a hazards assessment and hold a tool box meeting.

Check equipment prior to lift.

Do not lift beyond the manufacturers’ recommendations.

Employees

Follow the safe work practice and job procedure for manual lifting and

hoisting.




1.35 Off‐LoadingPipewithaSideBoomorCrane

General

The off‐loading of pipe with a side boom or crane is required for pipe with 4” outside

diameter are greater. This procedure is involves different hazards than hand stringing

because of the involvement of heavy equipment.


Falling pipe

Pinch point between tractor and trailer

Moving equipment

Falls from truck and/or trailer

Breakage of sling

Load spilling of trailer when on incline/hill


Rutting of right of way

Sub soil mixing; topsoil and clay

Garbage


Site plan for turn around, access and egress for stringing trucks.

Orientation for addressing environmental concerns with workers.

Safe Work Practice


Gloves

Safety glasses

High visibility clothing

Do:

Stand clear of load and use extreme caution when removing tie down straps.

Keep fingers from between sections of pipe.

Maintain eye contact with truck driver when in the vicinity of the moving

vehicle.

Inspect slings, hooks, and associated lifting equipment prior to starting task.

Re‐secure the load onto the trailer when travelling up or down steep hills.

Workers are to get off trailers when travelling up or down hills.

Have a designated vested signal person.

Use tag lines to guide load.

Where practical use cargo nets or equivalent.




Do Not:

× Offload pipe under power lines.

× Deck loads of pipe under power lines.

× Remove straps until load is checked for missing pins and pins replaced.

× Stand on deck of tractor when tractor is in motion unless the tractor is

equipped with a stringing deck.

× Walk directly in front of the pipe truck when travelling downhill or behind the

load when travel is uphill.

Procedure

1. Inspect the pipe prior to releasing the tie‐downs to ensure that the load has

not shifted during transport and that the load is evenly tiered.

2. Pipe loads are to remain tied down until they have been checked and accepted

by a company representative.

3. Assign a signal person to the side boom operator.

4. The signaller for the truck driver will be the tail hook operator.

5. Position one worker at front of trailer, on stringing deck, ensuring worker is

clear of pinch points; moving pipe, tractor and trailer. Position one worker at

the rear of the trailer with a portable ladder.

6. Position two workers on the ground, at the front and rear of the trailer.

7. After hooking stringing cable to load line on the side boom, pull the side boom

into position.

8. Give the stringing hooks to the workers on the trailer while the workers on the

ground hold onto the tag lines.

9. The workers on the tractor and ladder insert the pipe hooks into the end of the

same pipe, holding onto the hooks while the side boom operator reduces slack

in the cable. Workers will ensure the hooks are securely engaged in the ends of

the same pipe before it is raised from the trailer.

10. The workers on the trailer and ladder are to be a safe distance away from the

pipe, out of the potential swing path, while the ground workers take up slack in

the tag lines.

11. Pick the pipe off the trailer with the side boom, guiding the pipe onto skids or

tubs. Ensure the pipe is butted and offset to allow room for buffing of pipe

ends.

12. Chock pipe and remove stringing hooks from pipe and hand back to worker on

the truck deck and trailer.

13. Move truck forward one joint length. Continue stringing procedure.

14. All slings, hooks, cables, and taglines are to be inspected daily and will be

replaced or repaired if defective.




Responsibilities

Supervisor/Foreman

Inspect the load of pipe arriving at worksite prior to removing straps

Ensure the load is secured and workers are out of the fall path when tie‐downs

are removed.

Side boom Operator

Check equipment prior to commencing stringing operations, including slings,

cables, and hooks.

Employees

Stay away from the fall path when tie‐downs removed from pipe load.

Workers shall remain a safe distance from the load until it has been inspected

for stability and will not approach until deemed safe to do so by the

supervisor.




1.36 OpenExcavationProcedures

General

Excavating is a major part of pipeline construction. Bell holes and ditches are excavated

to a specific depth for placement of pipe. Sloping, support systems, or a combination

of both may be used in certain ground conditions to maintain a safe ditch.


Cave ins

Drowning

Suffocation

Hazardous atmospheres

Personal injury

Falling hazard

Overhead falling objects

Electrocution from overhead or underground power lines



Potential for equipment fluid leaks


Ensure materials have covers in place

Spill kits available

Safe Work Practice


Gloves

Safety glasses

Fire retardant coveralls where required

Do:

Complete hazard assessment and a ground disturbance permit.

Not all utilities subscribe to first call and will need to be contacted also.

Carry out excavations in accordance with Provincial Health and Safety

Regulations. A Professional Engineers report addressing support structures or

sloping requirements including written instructions may be required in certain

types of excavations.

Use only manufactured or prefabricated support systems including trench

boxes and shoring cages that have been designed and certified by a

professional engineer.

When working in unstable soil conditions, be sure to position the excavator so

that it cannot slide in to an open excavation.




Ensure excavation is sloped/shored to eliminate the possibility of a cave in that

access and egress steps and ladders are installed in bell holes.

Do Not:

× Enter a trench or bell hole unless it has been properly sloped or shored as per

provincial regulations and there are proper access and egress steps and

ladders in place.

× Use pointed tools to locate gas or electrical facilities.

× Enter the swing are of an excavator until the swamper and operator are aware

of your presence and signal that it is safe to enter area.

× The certification must show how and for what soil types, depths, and support

system are to be used. This paperwork must be available at the site during use.

Procedures

1. Prior to the start of excavation, utility services in the area, such as electrical,

telecommunication, gas, water and sewer must be located. The facilities of

first call should be utilized.

2. Contact pipeline owner representative(s) and requested their presence when

their lines are being exposed or worked over top of.

3. Mark, or ensure all underground facilities are marked, on the worksite by

reviewing review construction drawings, review crossing agreements, making

sure an electronic system has located the lines and you understand the

meaning of the various stakes.

4. The Pipe Line Contractors Association of Canada subscribes to the Canadian

General Standards Board for specifications for stake colour used to mark

underground facilities, and has adopted the standard colour convention for

staking such facility.

5. Ensure that the size, commodity, pressure and estimated depth have been

identified and the horizontal position and alignment of the pipeline.

6. Complete or review the hazard assessment completed for the worksite,

relative to hydro‐trenching operations. And complete ground disturbance

check list.

7. All hazards that could result in worker injuries are to be removed or controlled.

8. Discuss size and depth of trench with client.

9. Conduct a toolbox meeting, to ensure that the scope of work and hazard

assessment information for the worksite is reviewed in the meeting. Designate

a swamper.

10. Complete a Ground Disturbance Permit as may be required for the situation;

furthermore, follow United Pacific’s Ground Disturbance procedure prior to

any ground disturbance operations.

11. Trees, utility poles, rocks, or similar objects near the area to be excavated must

be removed or secured to ensure worker safety.




12. Ensure all existing pipelines and cables, which are to be crossed within the

construction area, have been exposed by hand or with a hydro‐vac unit, prior

to using heavy equipment for excavation.

13. Walk around equipment checking for potential hazards and to ensure your

swing area is clear.

14. The sides of an excavation must be trimmed or scaled to remove any loose

material that could endanger workers.

15. Keep swamper in view at all times.

16. If you lose sight of swamper STOP.

17. When digging near a hot line and you lose sight of underground utility STOP

until line is hand exposed again.

18. When personnel are required to enter excavation a level area extending 1 m (3

feet) back from the edge of the trench on all sides must be maintained free of

materials and equipment.

19. In excavations where there is limited egress access, a ladder/walkway must be

available in the immediate area of the workers. The ladder shall be of such a

length that it goes from the bottom of the excavation and extend 1 m (3 feet)

above the ground.

20. Walkways/ladders must provide an access/ egress for personnel. Where the

trench is longer than 25 feet walk way/ladders must be placed every 25 feet.

21. Barricade and post warning signs around excavations before leaving.




STAKE COLOUR SPECIFICATIONS

UNDERGOUND FACILITY STAKE COLOUR

Natural Gas or Oil Pipelines Fluorescent Yellow

Telephone or Cable TV Systems Fluorescent Orange

Water Systems Fluorescent Horizon Blue

Electrical Systems Fluorescent Red

Storm and Sanitary Sewers Fluorescent Green

Proposed Centerline of Excavation White Stake or unpainted Stake with White

ribbon

Other miscellaneous facilities White and Black stake or Unpainted stake with

Fluorescent Pink ribbon

Right of way limits, temporary Workroom limits,

slashing limits

Fluorescent Pink stake or Unpainted stake with

Fluorescent Pink ribbon

Survey Monuments, legal survey, Bars, Bench

marks, reference bars

Fluorescent Purple stake Or unpainted stake with

Fluorescent Purple ribbon

Restricted Areas Fluorescent Pink 3” tape Marked with wording

“Restricted Area”

Note: Check job specifications regarding colour coding. Colours may differ.

Remember

A worker does not have to be completely buried in soil to be seriously injured

or killed. Workers who have been only buried up to their waist have died as a

result of the pressures exerted by the soil on their bodies.

Excavations in, or near, “back‐filled” or previously excavated ground are

especially dangerous since the soil is “loose” and does not support itself well.

Water increases the possibility of a cave in. The increased water pressure

exerted on the soil can be the final factor in causing the walls to collapse.




Clay can be extremely treacherous if dried by the sun. Large chunks of

material can break off a trench wall after having been stable and solid for a

long period of time.

It is not safe to assume that because the walls of an excavation are frozen that

it is safe to enter. Frozen ground is not an alternative to proper shoring.

An excavation should be considered a confined space and appropriate

evaluation and controls undertaken to ensure workers are not exposed to

contaminated atmospheres.

Should a ditch or excavation fail, do not attempt rescue with mechanical

equipment.

Mechanical Excavation within 60 cm. of Hotlines

1. To prevent personal injury or property damage during mechanical excavation

within 60 centimetres of a hotline.

2. Check all available records for the existence of other underground utilities

(cables, pipelines, etc.) in the area.

3. The Owner of the line being crossed will be notified prior to commencing

excavation.

4. All line surveying and a written crossing agreement will be in place prior to

work commencement.

5. If required, the Foreman will hold and document a tailgate meeting

immediately prior to commencing work with all personnel to be involved in the

work.

This meeting will review:

i. Size of line being crossed.

ii. Contents of line.

iii. Responsibilities of each person involved.

iv. SDS of the content if available.

6. A fire extinguisher will be made available during excavations.

7. Prior to mechanical excavation, “site holes” will be made by hand or hydro‐vac

to determine the depth of the line being crossed.

8. Hand work will be used to assist the machine operator within 60 centimetres

of the line until the line is visible to the operator.

9. The excavation shall be probed at regular intervals by the swamper.

10. A Signalman will ensure that the bucket is kept perpendicular to the line and

the operator does not come within the 60‐centimetre area.

11. If at any time, the operator/swamper loses sight of the hot line, mechanical

excavation will stop until hotline is visible again.

12. All personnel in the area of the crossing will wear fire retardant coveralls if

required.

13. The Signalman or Inspector will be present at all time while work is in progress.




NOTE: Only experienced backhoe operators and swampers with experience exposing

hotlines shall be used for this procedure.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman

Ensure first call, owner, locators and applicable agencies have been contacted.

Ensure hazard assessment has been completed and reviewed with all workers

Employees

Understand and comply with procedure and follow safe work practices.

Report any hazards that arise during this procedure.




1.37 PileDriving

General

Pile driving is the installation below ground of vertical tubing with which to rest

vessels, risers, valve settings, etc. upon, without excavation procedures.


Personal injury

Pinch points

Utility strikes

Electrocution

Fire/explosion

Flying debris

Hearing loss


Fire/explosion

Uncontrolled releases

Soil contamination

Hydraulic leaks


Spill kits

Emergency response phone list


Safe Work Practice


Gloves

Safety glasses

Hearing protection

Do:

Complete hazard assessment and ground disturbance checklist.

Hold toolbox meeting to outline scope of work, potential hazards and

concerns.

Be aware of potential hazards in the area of the pile driving operation.

Complete equipment logbook prior to start of work.

Ensure only personnel directly involved with the pile driving operation are in

the immediate area.

Designate a signaller.




Ensure only competent equipment operator is allowed to operate machinery

during pile driving operations.

In an emergency, any person in the area may signal the operator to STOP

Do Not:

× Enter swing area of equipment until signaller and operator are aware of your

presence.

× Hold pile with hands while track hoe pushes pile into ground.

Procedure

1. Complete a hazard assessment and a ground disturbance checklist.

2. Ensure all necessary precautions have been taken as outlined in the hazard

assessment and the ground disturbance checklist.

3. Conduct toolbox meeting to outline scope of work, potential hazards and job

procedure and ensure all personnel involved in the pile driving operation are in

attendance and sign the attendance form.

4. Designate a signaller.

5. Connect hydraulic vibrating head to a track hoe of sufficient size to manoeuvre

the piling pipe with ease.

6. Guide the 2”x24” guide pin fastened to the bottom centre of the hydraulic

vibrating head into an open end of the piling pipe in the horizontal position.

7. The designated signaller will attach a 1/2” wire rope cable equipped with a

choker hook to the upper end of the piling pipe.

8. The operator will then move the piling pipe to the vertical position so that the

signaller may attach a tagline to the lower end of the piling pipe.

9. The operator may then move the excavator to the actual site of the pile driving

operation.

10. When the excavator has reached the pile‐driving site, the signaller removes the

tagline.

11. Signaller will move a safe distance away from the track hoe.

12. Operator may then engage the hydraulic vibrating head and proceed to drive

the piling.

13. When the piling has been driven to the desired depth, the signaller will remove

the 1/2” wire rope safety cable and the operator will remove the vibrating head

guide pin from the piling.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman

Ensure ground disturbance checklist is completed and all hazards addressed.

Ensure all materials, equipment and manpower are available.




Employees

Follow safe work practices and job procedures for pile driving.




1.38 PipeBending

General

A bending machine is used to shape the pipe to conform to the contours of the terrain

or to change the direction of the pipeline route.

Potential Safety Concerns

Moving equipment

Struck by pipe

Pinch points

Trips and falls

Hydraulic leaks


Hydraulic leaks


Spill kits

Safe Work Practice


Gloves

Safety glasses

Hearing Protection

Do:

Conduct regular inspections of equipment.



Wear the seat belt.

Keep proper distance when tagging pipe.

Keep pipe from swinging.

Know the proper hand signals.

Check pipe slings for wear and defects.

Make sure the pipe is properly chalked.

Do Not:

× Enter equipment hazard zones.

× Stand between pipe and equipment.

× Stand between pipe and the ditch.

× Wear jewellery or loose clothing.





× Jump off of equipment.

× Get hands between the pipe and the bending machine.

× Enter bending area until the swamper and operator are aware of your

presence.

Procedures

Equipment ‐ Side booms/tractor, bending machines, bending mandrels, reach rods,

slings, wire rope, and tag lines.

1. Conduct a hazard assessment and hold tool box meeting to cover scope of

work and potential hazards.

2. Do not commence the bending process until all workers are clear.

3. All employees working in the vicinity of the bending operation shall be alert for

movement of pipe joints to and from the bending machine.

4. Hearing protection is to be worn when working in the vicinity of the bending

machine.

5. Slings are to be inspected on a daily basis.

6. All workers not directly involved with bending operations are not permitted to

be in the area of the bending machine. The hazard zone for bending operations

is 20 meters (60 feet) from the bending machine.

7. Keep hands clear of bending shoes and all pinch points.

8. Tag lines are suggested for controlling overhead‐suspended loads.

9. Steering of the pipe when entering the bending shall be done from the rear of

the pipe. The rear of the pipe is considered to be the opposite end in which

the pipe is traveling.

10. Maintain eye contact with the side boom operator when working in and

around moving machinery. Use reflective safety vest for additional visibility.

11. Low gear is to be used by operators when “spudding” pipe into the bender.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman





Employees






1.39 PipeGang

General

The pipe gang is generally the largest group of persons and equipment working in one area

of the pipeline construction phase. For this reason extreme caution must be used by all.

Before pipe in the field can be welded up, it must first be aligned and held securely in

place, which is the responsibility of the front‐end pipe gang. A pneumatically operated

“line‐up” clamp is inserted in the pipe and expanded inside the ends of two joints of pipe,

aligning the ends for tack welding. On smaller diameter pipe, an external clamp may be

used for alignment purposes. Joints of steel pipe are welded together into one continuous

pipeline using manual, semi‐automatic or automatic welding procedures. Radiographic or

ultrasonic inspection is conducted to ensure the integrity of the welds. Unacceptable

welds are repaired by grinding and re‐welding or are cut out using torches and re‐welded.


Personal injury

Fire

Burns

Vehicle accidents /property damage

Inhalation of fumes


Fire

Soil contamination


Place spent welding rods in container to be disposed of at later time.

Have fire extinguisher, spill kits, eye wash readily available.

Safe Work Practice


SPF 60 Sunscreen

Welding helmets

Full Face Shield

Gloves

Safety glasses

Do:

Stand clear of booms when loads are being lowered or lifted.

Inspect all slings and clamps on a daily basis. (Clamps must be certified).

Use Lock skids in all instances where danger of shifting pipe exists.

Remove from service defective skids.

Wear safety glasses that protect from flash and face shields when grinding.

Watch for fires.




Conduct regular equipment inspections.

Make frequent checks of pneumatic hoses and clamps.

Keep flammable materials out of welding areas.

Keep hands clear when inserting and expanding the line‐up clamp.

Be alert to heavy equipment moving back and forth.

Use proper lifting techniques.

Avoid pinch points.

Do Not:

× Pickup or lower pipe while any worker is between the tractor and pipe.

× Look directly at arc unless properly protected.

× Move, carry or swing pipe over workers.

× Go under suspended loads.

× Ride on pipe or equipment.

× Work on ditch side of pipe without adequate walking or standing area.

× Leave spent weld rod on ground, place in metal container.

Procedures

Equipment Required: Side Boom, slings/ calipers, timber skids, pipeline tubs, line up

clamps (internal, external), arc welder (manual or automatic), oxy‐ actelene cutting

torch, propane tiger torch, handheld disc grinder, tack rig

1. Conduct hazard assessment and toolbox meeting review scope of work and

hazards.

2. Crew to go ahead and mark seams and centres.

3. Take off bags and set seams. If necessary preheat pipe with tiger torch.

4. Side boom then picks up pipe with calipers or sling.

5. Lines up clamps are attached loosely to pipe on skids.

6. Spacer guides boom operator into position and stabber guides pipe into

position.

7. The spacer spaces the pipe for appropriate gap and tightens line up clamp.

8. Once in position skid hustlers build skid pipe or set cones.

9. Bead hand tacks pipe and line‐up clamps are removed.

10. Bead hand starts root pass.

11. When welder has ½ pipe welded the pipe is lowered on to skids or cones.

12. Clamps are unhooked and boom moves to next joint of pipe.

13. Stabber, spacer and skid hustlers move to next joint.

14. Bead hand finishes weld and moves ahead to next joint.

15. Hot pass welder follows and makes weld.

16. Cap welders follow and cap welds as required.




Responsibilities

Supervisors/Forman

Ensure all materials equipment and manpower are in place to complete this

procedure.

Address all safety concerns that arise while performing this procedure.

Employees

Follow safe work practices and job procedures.

Report any hazards that arise during this procedure.




1.40 PortableArcWelder

General

Portable arc welders are a piece of equipment that has to be treated like a vehicle.

They are not to be operated indoors.


Explosion/fire

Electrocution

Burns

Asphyxiation


Fire



Safe Work Practices


Safety glasses

Welding helmet

Welding gloves

Do:

Be sure the machine is firmly attached to the transporting unit.

Be sure the radiator and gas caps are in proper working order and securely

attached.

Ensure qualified mechanics or technicians do any repairs.

Ensure that diesel powered welders have positive air shut‐offs.

Do Not:

× Fuel the machine while it is running.

× “Top off” the gas or diesel tank when fuelling. Gasoline and diesel expand as

the outside temperature rises. This may result in seepage and an ensuing fire.

Procedures

1. Complete a pre‐use check of the welder, ensuring all fluid levels are at

acceptable levels for operation, and that the unit doesn’t have any obvious

leaks or damage.




2. Start the unit, unroll cables and apply clamps to grounds.

3. Complete weld.

4. Shut unit down making sure all cables are secure when transporting.

5. Ensure the side covers are kept closed to protect the machine from any

damage from external objects and outside weather, as well as to protect the

operator and others from the moving parts of the machine.

Responsibilities

Welder

Do not allow welding unit to be fuelled while engine is running.

Ensure maintenance of welding unit meets manufactures specification.

Have fire extinguisher available while welding.




1.41 PortableGrinders

General

Abrasive wheels can cause severe injury. Proper storage of new wheels, proper use of

wheels and proper maintenance of wheels must be observed.

Safety Concerns

Wheel explosion


Burns

Electric shock

Personal injury

Safe Work Practice

NEVER EXCEED THE MAXIMUM WHEEL SPEED (EVERY WHEEL IS MARKED). CHECK THE

SPEED MARKED ON THE WHEEL AND COMPARE IT TO THE SPEED ON THE GRINDER.


Goggles

Face shields

Dusk mask

Gloves

Do:

Familiarize yourself with grinder operation before commencing work.

Ensure proper guards are in place. Guard must cover at least 120° of grinding

wheel.

Ensure that the mounting flanges are clean and the mounting blotters are

used.

Check wheels for cracks and defects when mounting the wheels.

Run newly mounted wheels at operating speed to check for vibrations, prior to

grinding.

Keep grinding area clean and free of flammable materials. Ensure flammable

materials are not exposed to the sparks generated from the grinding process.

Only use the grinder for jobs for which it was designed, such as smoothing,

buffing, etc.

Do Not:

× Over tighten the mounting nut.

× Modify guards.

× Use grinder without a guard.




× Carry grinder by cord.

× Leave grinder unattended and plugged in.

× Touch work piece immediately after grinding, it will be hot.

Procedure

1. Put on safety glasses/goggles.

2. Ensure grinder is unplugged.

3. Install attachment to be used following manufacturer specifications (i.e.

grinding wheel, buffing wheel, cone stone).

4. Secure work (i.e. clamps, vice grips, bench vice). Some work may not have to

be secured due to its size and weight.

5. Check that the switch is in the off position, then plug grinder into appropriate

electrical outlet.

6. Put on face shield, grip grinder firmly and start grinder.

7. Allow grinder to run for a few seconds, checking the attachment for wobble or

vibration, before beginning to grind.

8. Apply the wheel or disc to the work piece. In general, keep the edge of the

wheel or disc at a 15° angle to the work piece surface.

9. During break in period for new wheel, do not work the grinder in the B

direction or it will cut into the work piece. Once the edge of the wheel has

been rounded off by use, the wheel may be worked in both A and B directions.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman




Ensure grinder is operated by a competent worker

Employees

Ensure proper rated disc is being used.






If you are unsure of any part of the above ask.

Wear all required PPE.




1.42 PowerLines

General

During pipeline construction, road crossings and intersection of overhead power lines

are very common. It is here that great care must be taken to reduce the risk of contact

with overhead power lines.


Electrocution

Equipment damage

Interruption in power services

Fire/explosion

Personal injury/Burns

Death


Fire



Safe Work Practice


Gloves

Safety glasses air horn high visibility clothing

Do REMEMBER:

You do not have to make direct contact with a power line to be injured.

Qualified personnel only are to operate equipment in the immediate area of an

overhead power line.

Tower footings may require fencing to avoid encroachment of equipment.

Check local hydro safe working distances.

Notify you supervisor if signs or dummy lines have not been erected.

Observe Safe clearance distances (check local requirements).

When working adjacent to a hydro corridor be sure to check for electrical

induction and to follow appropriate mitigation procedures.

Do Not:

× Excavate near towers or power line poles where the integrity of support may

be affected unless the structure has been supported.




× Work around power lines until dummy poles and signs have been erected.

Procedures

i. Review job hazard and scope of work at tool box meeting.

ii. Designate signal person.

iii. If signs and dummy lines have not been erected put them up following

diagrams and chart below.

Operating Voltage

(Phase to Phase)

Minimum Safe

Approach Distance

Under 86,500 V 2.5 meters or 7 feet

86,500 ‐ 207,600 V 3.0 meters or 10 feet

207,600 ‐ 432,500 V 4.5 meters or 15 feet

432,500 ‐ 605,500 V 6.0 meters or 20 feet




Signalling for Power Line Crossing

1. Ensure proper clearance between equipment and power line is possible. (0.6

meters for equipment approaching power line of 750V or less).

2. Supply a signal person equipped with an air horn.

3. Position signal person in full view of equipment operator and ensure signal

person has an unobstructed view of the power line.

4. Signal person ONLY will give signal to operator to proceed.

5. Signal person will ensure that minimum clearance is maintained until machine

has passed beneath the power line to a safe distance on opposite side of the

power line.

6. NOTE: If, at any time, the minimum distance is not maintained, the signal

person will use hand signals or air horn to warn the operator to back away

from the line.

AT NO TIME WILL AN OPERATOR LEAVE HIS MACHINE, OR ANY GROUND WORKER

COME WITHIN 2 METERS OF THE MACHINE DURING THIS PROCEDURE.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman

Ensure all signal persons and operators have been made aware of the

existence of this policy.

Employees






1.43 PreparationofRightofWay(Clearing/Grading)

General

Clearing the right of way is the first step in pipeline construction. In order to make the

right‐of‐way a suitable work area, the removal of trees, brush and other vegetation is

required, as well as building approaches and rebuilding grade.


Vehicle collisions

Cuts/punctures

Amputation

Crushing

Falls/slips

Fire


Damage to wildlife habitats

Damage to environmentally sensitive areas

Conservation of topsoil

Integrity of steep slope

Fire


Work in a manner which will cause minimal damage, inconvenience and gives

due consideration for the interest of landowners and tenants when clearing

the right of way.

Follow all procedures set out by owner to protect environment.

On steep slopes where the integrity of the soil is questionable it may be

necessary to maintain slope until vegetation has recovered enough to hold

slope. Owner will lay out method.

Firefighting equipment.

Safe Work Practice

Typical Equipment

Dozers, graders, skidders, faller bunchers, de‐limbers, chain saws, hydro‐axes, hydro‐

vacs, brush burners, propane sleds and all‐terrain vehicles (quads, snowmobiles, etc.).


Gloves

Safety glasses

Face shields

Chainsaw pants

Air horn

High visibility vests




Do:

Inspect equipment prior to use.

Follow operating procedures for equipment being operated.

Wear recommended protective equipment and seat belts.

Stay within the operator’s vision.

Watch for falling objects.

Follow safe work practices and procedures for chain saws.

Do Not:

× Ride on equipment unless appropriate seating is available.


× Grasp moving winch line.

× Stand between winch and object being pulled.

Procedures

Clearing and Grading

1. Review hazard assessment for project to ensure you are aware of potential

hazards.

2. Ground disturbance checklist must be completed prior to grading or clearing or

any other type of ground disturbance.

3. All permits including burning permits must be in place prior to commencing

operation.

4. Determine access roads for worksites, which will be maintained to an extent

necessary to provide a safe, level‐working surface for construction equipment

and vehicles.

5. Fencing crew to open fences and install temporary gates where applicable

(refer to fencing practices and procedures).

6. Review fallers Certificate of Proficiency, as required by provincial legislation,

prior to the start of the job.

7. Place fire extinguishers, first aid kit and signal device (air horn or whistle) in

close proximity to their work area prior to the start of each work shift. First Aid

attendants are to be identified for the site.

8. Ensure a safe escape route is cleared before a tree is felled and that fellow

workers are aware of the task being completed.

9. Clear all brush, and other objects, which might catch the saw prior to bucking a

log. This includes workers when bucking logs, which is to be completed from

the uphill side.

10. Fallers shall move away to a safe distance, when a tree starts to fall.

11. Saw operators will stop the saw, during any major change in position, when

power saws are being used.

12. Allow power saws to cool before refuelling or refilling of chain oil. Smoking is

prohibited during refuelling.




13. All chainsaw operators shall use leg protective pads, chain saw gloves, chain

saw boots, and hearing protection, hard hat and face shield.

14. Crews burning brush on the right‐of‐way will use extreme caution to prevent

the possibility of sparks igniting a forest fire. Crews will also be very aware of

vehicle traffic, and the possibility of blinding traffic, when burning brush near

roadways. “Smoke Ahead” signs may be utilized to warn traffic.

15. Obtain burning permits from the appropriate authorities and observe all

restrictions contained on such permits, prior to starting the burning process.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman

Conduct hazard analysis assessment

Ensure materials, equipment and manpower including first aid are in place to

comply with these safe work practices and job procedures.


Employees


Report any incidents, accidents, or near misses to supervisor.




1.44 Propane

General

Propane is invisible and heavier than air, and is a special concern when used on the job

site. All installations and use of this product on the job site must comply with the

applicable Government legislation set out for its safe use.

Safety Concerns

Explosions/fires

Exposure to flammable gas

Burns

Static electricity causing spark



Fire



Safe Work Practice


Goggles

Face shields

Fire retardant coveralls

Resistant gloves

Do:

Store properly, upright, secured and away from all sources of heat.

Use nylon slings in a "choker" fashion, with crane hooks equipped with a

“safety latch” when loading, off‐loading, or lifting tanks.

Use lifting lugs, provided on tanks, otherwise slings are to be wrapped around

the shell of the tank.

Remove tank valves and regulators from bullet type tanks prior to any

movement of the tank.

Check tank, hoses and accessories daily.

Do Not:

× Install and use tanks without proper regulators.

× Use propane tanks that are dented, damaged or severely rusted.




× Use hoses that are cracked or punctured.

× Use tiger torch to heat propane bottle.

× Take propane bottles into confined spaces.

× Overfill propane tanks.

Procedure

1. Ensure propane bottle is free from defects and full.

2. Bottle is in upright position and stable.

3. Ensure all fittings are tight prior to use.

4. Ensure the appropriate regulator is attached.

5. Turn on propane.

6. Light appropriate attachment.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman



Post “No Smoking” signs around stationary tanks and propane storage areas.

Ensure proper equipment if available.


Ensure that only properly trained and competent personnel operate power‐

actuated tools.

Employees





1.45 RadiographicInspection

General

Non‐destructive radiographic examinations are carried out on construction jobs to

varying degrees. No matter to what extent these radiographic inspections are

conducted, in all instances where x‐ray or gamma ray equipment is being used, the

use, storage, handling, transportation or disposal of radioactive substances shall be in

compliance with the Atomic Energy Control Act.


Radiation exposure


Radiation exposure

Safe Work Practice


Gloves

Safety glasses

Do:

Maintain an appropriate distance from radioactive materials.

Use shielding when appropriate.

Limit exposure times.

Procedures

1. All radiographic work must be performed under the direction of a person

responsible for radiation safety in the area.

2. Identify a designated radiation hazard area by the use of a radiation survey

meter.

3. Place distinctive radiography warning signs, such as “DANGER RADIOACTIVE

AREA” by x‐ray machines or radioactive sources, while there is a potential of

exposure to workers.

4. After opening the container with a radioactive source, a responsible person

must be present when a radioactive source is outside its container or a gamma

camera or x‐ray machine is in use.

5. Store radioactive material in a locked shielding camera, or container, which

must be marked with a label bearing the words “DANGER RADIOACTIVE

MATERIAL when not in use. Ensure a name placard has been affixed to the

container showing the owner’s name, and the maximum quantity and kind of

material within the container.




6. Place the storage container in a locked enclosure, or room, in a location to

ensure that the radiation level on the outside of the container has a

radioactivity level of less than 2.5 mill roentgen per hour.

Responsibilities

Radiation Safety Supervisors

Must provide any necessary instruction concerning radiation hazards and safe

working practices to all workers whose duties necessitate the handling of

radioactive material, or the operation of any machine that produces radiation.

Must ensure that all persons working with radiation machines or radioactive

materials are properly instructed in the use of the necessary safeguards and

procedures, and are supplied with such auxiliary devices as may be necessary

for safety.

All Workers

Use extreme caution when working near or around radiation exposure.

Take direction from radiographer and follow safe work practices and job

procedures.




1.46 RespiratoryProtection

General

Some worksites may contain either atmospheric contaminants or hazardous

atmospheres, which may pose a potentially serious hazard to the health and safety of

employees. When a hazard assessment identifies a worksite as having, or having the

potential, for atmospheric contaminants, approved respiratory protective equipment

will be issued to employees. Respiratory protective equipment may vary from the

simple dust mask, a cartridge filtered mask, to a self‐contained breathing apparatus.

As with other PPE respiratory protection must not be considered a substitute for

engineering or administrative control methods, with respiratory protective devices

being restricted in use to intermittent exposures or for operations where it is not

feasible to control by other methods.

Where workers are required to use respiratory protective equipment, instruction in

the use, maintenance, handling and storage of the respiratory equipment will be

provided by, or arranged by, the person assigned safety responsibilities for that

worksite or the Project Supervisor. Project Supervisors shall provide ample warning of

operations with hazardous atmospheric contaminants during the safety meeting

process, and ensure that all workers, including contracted workers, have received the

required training on the type of respiratory protection required at the worksite.

Safety Concerns

Fire/explosion

Asphyxiation

Improper sizing of APR’s and lack of testing on APR’s


Disposal of respiratory cartridges

Safe Work Practice


Gloves

Face shield


Do:

Be aware that respiratory protective devices fall into two general categories:

Air purifiers, which remove contaminants from the air by filtering the air

through filters that absorb the contaminant. I.e. dust masks, respirators.

Air supply, which provides air from an outside source like a self‐contained

cylinder, i.e. S.C.B.A.’s and S.A.B.A.’s.




Procedures 1. Selection of the appropriate respiratory protective equipment shall be based

on the following guidelines:

2. Identify the substance, or substances, for which respiratory protection is

necessary.

3. Refer to the SDS for the identified substance.

4. Determine the hazards of each substance and their significant physical and

chemical properties.

5. Determine the maximum levels of air contamination expected, the probability

of oxygen deficiency, and the conditions and duration of exposure.

6. Determine the capabilities and characteristics essential to the safe use of the

respiratory protective device.

7. Determine what facilities, spare parts and equipment are needed for

maintenance, so as not to cause unnecessary delays in the operation.

8. Follow manufactures specifications for operation and fit testing.

Note:

a) The selection of the appropriate respiratory protective device to be used for a

specific operation shall be a joint effort between the Safety Department and

the Project Supervisor.

b) Training and equipment availability may dictate a delay in operations, should

the proper requests not be submitted in a timely fashion.

Since a respirator often becomes uncomfortable after wearing for extended periods,

the worker must fully realize the need for protection, or they will not wear it.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Forman

Prescribe respiratory protective equipment only after every effort has been

made to eliminate the hazard through engineered or administrative control

methods.

Explain the hazards of the worksite and the need for respiratory protective

equipment, completely, to the worker.

If required, help the worker to fit the respirator and provide directions and

means for proper use, maintenance and cleanliness, including sterilization

before reissue.

Ensure that facial hair and/or sideburns don’t interrupt a proper seal of the

face piece.

Employees

Check fit prior to entering hazardous atmosphere.

Wear prescribed respiratory protection.

Remove from service any defective respiratory equipment.




1.47 RiverCrossings

General

Rivers and streams are crossed by pipelines using various methods. Preparations for

crossings require many of the same operations included in land operations, such as

welding, coating and concrete placement. The use of marine equipment is often

employed.


Drowning

Loss or damage to equipment


Water contamination

Wildlife disturbance

Damage to wildlife habitats

Flooding

Safe Work Practice


Gloves

Safety glasses

Life jackets

Life preserver

Boat

Do:

Plan and know escape routes.


Stay alert to moving equipment.

Watch for bank slippage.

Inspect equipment before use.

Inspect pull heads, cable connections and winch lines prior to pulling a section.

Get help before lifting or moving heavy objects.



Approach the shoreline from up stream.

Stay clear of winch lines.

Do Not:

× Enter restricted areas.

× Operate a powerboat unless qualified.

× Overload or stand up in the boat.




× Stand between pipe and equipment.


× Grab moving winch lines.

× Stand near the edge of the water.


× Go near watercourse without wearing a life jacket.

Procedure

Typical Equipment

Side booms, dozers, draglines, backhoes, barges, dredges, power boats, flexi‐floats,

sauerman set‐ups, lasers, winches, blocks, wire rope, cranes, light towers, pumps,

skids, ladders, drills, concrete mixers.

Due to the variations and complexities of each river crossing, procedures will be

developed to meet the specific needs of each job.

Responsibilities

Supervisor/Foreman

Assist in the development of job procedure for each river crossing.

Review procedure with all employees involved.

Employees

Follow procedure developed for each river crossing.




1.48 SafeHandlingofFuel,Oxygen,andAcetylene

General

All acetylene bottles are to be stored in a well‐ventilated area with the caps in place, in

an upright position and either chained or caged. When transporting, the bottles must

be in an upright position solidly secured and well‐marked.

Safety Concerns

Strains

Crushing

Chemical burns


The potential for a fluid to spill into the environment, contaminating soil and

poison the surface ground water.

Safe Work Practice


Gloves

Safety glasses

Storage and Handling of Fuel

1. Store gas cans in CSA approved storage containers in a well‐ventilated area

that have been properly marked. Prior to storage or use, inspect the condition

of the containers ensuring all lids are tightly in place.

2. Ensure no smoking, open flames or any source of ignition is allowed in areas

where gas cans and other flammable fluids are stored.

3. Clean spills up in accordance with the environmental program and government

regulations.

4. Only use CSA approved slip tanks, which includes applicable labels/placards.

5. Prior to storage, inspect the slip tank for applicable labels, hose condition,

applicable documentation and a vented lid. Also ensure the tank is stored in a

well‐ventilated area.

6. Store Oxygen and Acetylene bottles in an upright position, separated by at

least 2m, with the valves completely closed and the cap in place.

7. Extinguish all sources of ignition, when fuelling a vehicle or gas storage

container, including, vehicle ignitions.

8. Monitor the fuelling of vehicles and flammable fluid storage containers.

Responsibilities

Supervisor/Foreman

Ensure a designated area is available for safe storage of fuel, oxygen and acetylene.




Ensure materials, equipment and manpower are in place to comply with these safe work

practices and job procedure.


Employees







1.49 SafetyHarnesses,Lifelines,andLanyards–FallArrest

General

Safety harnesses, lifelines and lanyards prevent injuries from falls for all workers who

work at heights.

Safety Concerns

Falls

Improper sizing and usage

Safe Work Practice


Safety harnesses

Lifeline and lanyards

Do:

Use Safety harnesses, lifelines and lanyards where the worker has the potential

to fall from a temporary work platform greater than 3 m in height or a

permanent work platform is greater than 1.2m in height.

Use one or more of the following means of protection:

a) Guardrails around the entire work area

b) A safety net

c) A fall arrest device with full body harness

d) A harness attached to an anchor point that will limit travel

e) An alternate means of protection acceptable to O.H.& S.

Fixed ladders must be equipped with ladder cages, hoop or guardrail.

Wear appropriate fall arrest equipment when climbing the ladder, if a fixed

ladder is not properly equipped with hoop or guardrail.

Ensure safety harnesses incorporate a braking mechanism, and are equipped

with a lanyard having only enough slack so that a worker cannot fall, more

than 1.5 meters (5’).

Ensure workers, involved in confined space entries, are wearing a body harness

suitable for extraction if necessary.

Ensure that workers who are working on power operated work platforms or

suspension cages, baskets, and boatswains’ chairs are equipped with fall

protection equipment.

Ensure the lifeline is attached to the appropriate harness ring on the workers

harness, to facilitate a potential emergency withdrawal, and is attended by a

worker outside the confined space.




Harnesses, lifelines, braking mechanisms and lanyards will be removed from

use if they have been involved in an emergency situation, until the harness,

lifeline or lanyard has been inspected by an approved worker.

Workers will ensure that harnesses, lifelines, braking mechanisms and lanyards

are worn and used properly.

Ensure lifelines, braking mechanisms and lanyards are protected with padding

where it passes over sharp edges.

Ensure lifelines, braking mechanisms and lanyards are protected from heat,

flame, abrasion and corrosive materials during use.

Ensure lifelines, braking mechanisms and lanyards do not pass through any

obstruction which could create a danger to a worker should any platform on

which the worker is working fails.

Ensure lifelines, braking mechanisms and lanyards are attached to a fixed

anchor capable of supporting the shock load which may be applied, and has its

lower end enclosed or secured to prevent fouling, and is not attached to the

same point as the suspension lines of the work platform.

Ensure lifelines, braking mechanisms and lanyards are not attached to the

same anchor points as the suspension lines of a work platform

Ensure lifelines, braking mechanisms and lanyards are properly adjusted to fit

the worker securely.

Ensure lifelines, braking mechanisms and lanyards are assembled, and used, in

a manner that protects the worker from receiving an injury, due to striking a

surface below, or due to the shock forces during the arrest of the fall.

Ensure lifelines, braking mechanisms and lanyards are capable of withstanding

a load arresting capacity of not less than 17.8 Kilo Newton’s.

Ensure lifelines, braking mechanisms and lanyards are attached to an anchor

system that is able to withstand a breaking force of 2270 kilograms.

Use a protective thimble to connect ropes or straps to eyes or rings used in the

personal fall arresting system.

Procedures

Due to the many different types of harnesses, lifelines, lanyards and braking

mechanisms the procedure for this type of equipment will be dealt with prior to use,

using manufacturer specifications. The following are guidelines for this type of

equipment:

1. Store safety harnesses in a dry place and inspected regularly, and prior to use

for wear and damage. Lifelines, harnesses, braking mechanisms and lanyards

shall not be used for any other purpose.

2. Harnesses, lanyards, braking mechanisms and lifelines shall be made of

material that is capable of withstanding the shock load, which may be applied

to it and of a diameter sufficient to ensure that a rope‐grab being used will

operate properly.




3. Inspect harnesses, lifelines and lanyards prior to use, ensuring they meet the

standards set in CSA Standard Z259.3‐M1978, Z259.1‐1976 or CAN/CSA

Z259.10‐M90.

4. All workers using a fall arrest system of any type must be trained in the use of

the specific fall arrest system.

Responsibilities

Supervisor/Foreman

Ensuring equipment and training is supplied prior to working in areas where

this type of equipment is required.

Employees






1.50 Sandblasting

General

Sandblasting equipment is used periodically in pipeline and facilities construction to

prepare and clean piping to remove rust and other materials; which could adversely

affect adhesion of pipe coatings and sleeves.

Safety Concerns

Abrasions

Hazardous breathing environment

Personal injury

Equipment damage


Soil contamination

Safe Work Practice

Protective Mechanisms

Permit system

Compliance to Legislation

SDS

WHMIS

Breathing apparatus

Safe work procedure

Manufacturer’s specifications [Sand]

Barricades and warning signs

ERP (Emergency Response Plan)

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman

To facilitate and/or provide proper instruction to their workers on protection

requirements and training.

To establish “Critical Areas “.

For equipment selection.

Ensure hazard analysis is complete and reviewed.

To ensure worksite is inspected.

Employees

Ensure no other activity is taking place adjacent to or on the item you are

working on.

Rope off, barricade, or post signs of “No Entry” to restrict access to area.




During operations a safety watch should be utilized to monitor conditions,

traffic and standby at the air source.

Be conversant with communication systems.

Ensure proper sized air supply with regulated pressure and functional shut off

readily accessible to safety watch.

Ensure proper size and length of air hose c/w pins to secure twist lock

connectors.

In extremely hot conditions a ventilation air hose may be needed attached to

the blaster’s hood.

Be familiar with safe work procedure.

Sandblasting equipment is used extensively throughout the province for the purpose of

cleaning or preparing a variety of surfaces, using various types of abrasive materials.

Workers who perform the sandblasting operation can be exposed to toxic materials,

such as lead or zinc, while removing existing coatings from material surfaces. They are

also exposed to hazards from the sandblasting agent, usually silica sand; therefore

there are a number of safety precautions that must be undertaken by blast operators

and other crew personnel:

Workers who are exposed to dusts containing silica are required to comply with

applicable regulations respecting fibrosis and silicosis.

Sandblasting operations are noisy and where exposure to noise levels exceeds 80 dba

the employer and employees are to comply with the requirements of applicable

regulations respecting hearing conservation and noise control.

Supplied‐air hood respirators (NlOSH approved, TC‐19C‐293 Type C and CE,) operated

on continuous flow mode, or a self‐contained breathing apparatus in pressure‐demand

mode, are required. Respiratory protection at workplaces in Alberta must meet the

requirements of CSA Standard Z94.4 "Selection, Use and Care of Respirators."

The air supplied to the approved respirator must be free from contaminants. If an oil‐

lubricated compressor is used, air shall be supplied in accordance with CSA Standard

Z180.1 "Compressed Breathing Air" or in accordance with equally rigorous standards.

NIOSH‐approved air lines and subassemblies must be used to deliver contaminant‐free

air to the user. NIOSH approvals are invalidated if an airline or subassembly has been

replaced with any other than the respirator manufacturers.

Sandblast operators must wear an air‐supplied hood that protects the head,

neck and shoulders. This equipment must be inspected on a regular basis.




Operators must only remove their supplied air breathing equipment when they

are well away from the work location as silica dust and other contaminants can

remain suspended in air for long periods of time.

Coveralls that provide suitable protection from rebounding abrasives are a

necessity.

Work gloves must protect the full forearm.

Operators must wear Grade 1, CSA approved safety footwear.

If an electro statically conductive blast hose is not available the blast nozzle

must be grounded.

Sandblasting operations shall be carried out so that the abrasive materials and

other particulate materials are contained, and pose no hazards to workers or

the public.

The sandblast pot must be grounded at all times.

The sandblast pot must be provided with a safety shut down and the sandblast

pot must be shut off while being filled with abrasives.

The operator must blow out all air lines and hoses. The entire sandblasting unit

must be carefully examined for defects before any work commences.

Sandblasting nozzles must be equipped with a remote control (dead man)

switch that allows the operator to control the sandblast at the nozzle.

When sandblasting is to be conducted in a confined area the employer must

comply with requirements of the regulations and policy related to Confined

Space Entry.

By following these simple guidelines risks to your safety, health and welfare, at work,

can be reduced.




1.51 Scaffolds

General

The misuse of scaffolding is the cause of numerous serious injuries. Every worker who

designs or constructs a scaffold should be competent and know what the

manufacturer’s specifications are for that type of scaffold. The construction of wood

scaffolds is closely regulated by Legislation, with materials and material dimensions

specified, in detail, in the legislation. Because the construction of these scaffolds can

vary greatly as to use, shape, location and the type of job to be done, they sometimes

are built in a haphazard manner. To avoid this, the following Safe Work practices are

minimum requirements.

There are various types of metal scaffolds and they all have a right and wrong way to

be erected. The scaffold type that will be best suited for the job and capable of

withstanding the loads to be imposed on it must be determined before the job begins.

Safety Concerns

Electrocution

Cave in

Crushing

Falls

Safe Work Practice

Safety Required PPE:

Gloves

Safety glasses

Fall protection equipment

Wood Scaffold

Only competent workers will design, construct, alter or remove wooden

scaffolds.

Check the material used to construct these scaffolds, as it should be sound,

close grained and finished on all four sides.

Ensure the scaffold is capable of supporting four (4) times the load that might

be placed on it.

Inspect the scaffold, ensuring all component parts are tight and properly fixed

to each other.

Inspect the scaffold for the proper perimeter railings: top rail ‐ intermediate

rail ‐ toe board.

Ensure the scaffold work platforms are at least 500 millimetres wide, for light

duty, and 1 meter wide for heavy‐duty scaffolds.




Inspect scaffold work platforms ensuring that spans are not more than 3.1

meters, on light duty scaffolds, or 2.3 meters on heavy‐duty scaffolds.

Secure planks from movement through the use of cleats or wire when using a

scaffold as a work platform.

Ensure safe access and egress is provided for work platforms, through the use

of ladders or stairs.

Metal Scaffold

Determine if the scaffold you intend to use is the correct type and size for the

job.

Inspect the location where the scaffold will be erected, to ensure that it is level

or capable of presenting secure footing through the use of mudsills or similar

device.

Only competent workers will erect the scaffold, as determined by senior on‐

site supervision.

Comply with applicable legislative and manufacturer's requirements.

Provide safe access and egress, to both the scaffold and the general work area.

Inspect the scaffold ensuring the levelling adjustment screws have not been

overextended.

Inspect the scaffolding ensuring the lower scaffolds have outriggers, or are

guyed, and have all component parts secured in place, i.e. cross braces, pins,

and lateral braces.

Ensure the perimeter guardrails have been installed on the scaffold work

platforms.

Horizontal rail ‐ 0.92 m to 1.07 m above the platform;

Intermediate rail ‐ Horizontal between scaffold platform and top rail;

Toe board ‐ Horizontal at platform level, no less than 140 mm in height above

the platform level.

Inspect the scaffold planks, ensuring they are constructed of number one

grade material, with maximum spans of 3.1 meters, on light duty, and 2.3

meters on heavy duty, with a maximum projection beyond the ledger of no

more than 300 mm.

Procedure

All persons erecting scaffolding must be trained and ticketed in this task.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman


safe work practices and job procedure

Ensure scaffold erection crew wear appropriate fall protection equipment





Employees


Report any incidents, accidents or near misses to supervisor





1.52 SoapTestandPigging

General

Prior to lowering pipe into ditch, soap testing is often done to check the integrity of the

welds when radiographic inspection is less than 100%. This procedure requires the use

of compressed air which has the potential to cause serious injury or death. Pigging is a

procedure used to remove dirt and debris from the inside of the pipeline prior to being

put into service. Pigging is also used in the dewatering process of hydrostatic tests.


Injury/death

Uncontrolled release of air

Flying debris

Equipment/property damage


Hydraulic leaks


Spill kits on site

Safe Work Practice


Gloves

Safety glasses

Do:

Check all test equipment prior to use.

Whenever possible pigs to be shot away from workers and roads (Secondary,

lease, etc.).

Before shooting, anyone in vicinity is to be warned ‐ communication ‐ must be

placed at both ends of the test section.

Check communication system.

Ensure bolt on test heads have safety chains and good seals.

Erect warning signs.

Stay alert to fire emergencies.

Regularly inspect test equipment and fittings.



Make sure that anti‐whip cables are in place.




Stay clear of manifold.

Ensure the de‐watering pipe under pressure is secured.

Do Not:

Stand directly in front of pipe or valves at any time.

Allow any personnel that are not directly involved in the procedure in the area.

Use bolt on test heads for pipe larger than 4” or for high pressure tes.t

Remain in bell holes while pig is being sent.

Exceed designated pressure.

Take unnecessary chances.

Procedures

Soap Test

1. Conduct a hazard assessment and toolbox meeting to review communication

to be used, scope of work, site specific hazards and individual responsibilities.

2. Bolt or weld test heads on each end of pipe to be soap tested.

3. Close valve and bull plug on one end of pipe.

4. Connect air compressor to other end of pipe. Wire couplers together

5. Start compressor.

6. Pressure line to 100psi.

7. Close valve on compressor end, shut down compressor, bleed pressure from

air compressor hose, disconnect hose and bull plug valve.

8. Apply water and soap mixture to each weld, watch for bubbles which indicate

a leak.

9. If leak is found mark with ribbon and notify supervisor.

10. When all welds have been checked, remove bull plug from one end of pipe (do

not stand in front of valve).

11. Open valves slowly and bleed off pressure.

12. Remove test heads and move to next line to be tested.

Pigging

1. Attach pig receiver to one end of pipe.

2. Insert appropriate pig(s) in other end of pipe and attach pig sender.

3. Both sending and receiving ends must be welded onto the pipeline with 3‐1”

outlets for pressuring, de‐pressuring and injecting methanol from either end

should blockage by either “grapes” or winter time ice plugs necessitate

blowing back the sizing and poly pigs.

4. Erect high pressure test signs.

5. Ensure all air hoses, fittings, valves etc. are of adequate ratings for the

pressure attainable by the air supply and must be maintained in good

condition and taken from use to be repaired or replaced as deemed necessary.




6. Connect air compressor. Ensure air compressor hoses have safety clips or wires

locking hose fitting to pig sender fitting.

7. Compressor operator will radio person(s) at pig receiver end to notify them

that they are starting the compressor and to clear the area.

8. Open valve at compressor end of pipe. Start compressor and open output

valve on compressor.

9. During pig runs radio communication must be maintained at both sending and

receiving ends. Ensure all involved personnel are a safe distance from the pipe

ends.

10. When the pig arrives at the receiver end, they will notify the operator that the

pig has been received, and to shut down the compressor.

11. The operator will shut the compressor down and open all valves on the pig

sender in order to bleed air pressure.

12. When the line is depressurized, compressor hoses will be disconnected and pig

sender and receiver will be removed.

13. The use of 3 correctly positioned outlets on both sending and receiving ends

should ensure there is never any trapped air or blockage between sizing and

poly pig, no matter which direction the pigs are shot.

14. Under no circumstance will a sending or receiving end be removed from a

section of pipe before complete depressurization of the line through all 6

outlets has been performed ‐ Pig and sizer receipt will be verified with a rod

bent to probe through the 1” ball valves at the receiving catcher.

15. Never stand at the end of the pipe or place your face over the 1” valves when

checking for pigs or de‐pressuring ‐ always wear safety glasses around

compressed air, liquid, gas to avoid eye damage or loss.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman


safe work practices and job procedure


Employees




Wear all required PPE.




1.53 SteepSlopeOperations

General

The objective of a steep slope procedure is to provide a guideline for addressing the

safety concerns related to working on steep slopes. Tracked equipment will require tie‐

off by winch lines on steep slopes. On slopes of lesser degree and in difficult or rugged

terrain, the use of a winch line for stability may also be required.


Equipment rollover

Equipment sliding

Personal injury due to uncontrolled movement of equipment

Property damage due to uncontrolled movement of equipment

Falling debris


Damage to slope integrity


Where necessary, anchor equipment to eliminate uncontrolled movement.

Where necessary, the use of soil stabilization materials shall be used.

Safe Work Practice


Gloves

Safety glasses

Do:

Inspect slings and clevises prior to use.

Do Not:

Park vehicles or equipment at the base of steep slopes.

Procedures

If a requirement exists for dozer, side‐boom or backhoe work on an extreme slope, a

thorough analysis of the work plan should be discussed with all workers

The supervisor, in consultation with the foreman and operator to determine if

additional engineering input is required in order to make a site decision.




Materials / Equipment Required

Anchor tractor c/w winch of adequate capacity for the load being restrained.

Cable and rigging (for anchor tractor) of adequate capacity for load being

restrained.

Method of communication between anchor tractor and load or unit being

towed or restrained.

General Procedure

1. A hazard assessment and toolbox meeting will be held and documented with

all personnel involved in the operation. The following items will be discussed:

2. Communication method (radio/signal man or hand signals between operators)

3. Emergency procedures including the placement of First Aid supplies,

particularly a stretcher and trained personnel.

4. Anchor tractor operator and the load unit operator will inspect the cable and

rigging.

5. Site Mechanic shall conduct an inspection of anchor tractor winch to ensure

that it is in safe operating condition.

6. Position and secure anchor tractor.

7. Connect rigging between anchor tractor and load. When applicable, position

designated signal person in full view of both tractor and load unit(s). If radio

communication is utilized, test radios to ensure equipment is functioning

properly.

Considerations for Site Specific Procedure

1. Prior to initiating any movement on the slope, the load operator(s) will indicate

to the designated signal person his readiness to move.

2. The designated signal person shall establish contact with both operators and

give the signal to move. (If radio communication is used, the load operator

shall communicate directly with the anchor tractor operator.)

3. Where practical the operator should attempt to work the machine parallel to

the slope, opposed to cross slope and consider the terrain involved, the

stability of the material and the capabilities of the machine with respect to

climbing and descending slopes.

4. The following maximum slopes may be worked on without the assistance of a

winch line, providing the terrain is distinguishable and there is no doubt as to

the underlying stability of the terrain. The operator should test the slope

under a “No Load” condition on a 45o slope.




Dozer Type: Caterpillar D8N Caterpillar D8K Caterpillar D7H Caterpillar D7G

Horse Power 285 Horsepower 300 Horsepower 215 Horsepower 200 Horsepower

Foot Print

Pressure

12.4 psi with 26”

shoes

10.5 psi with 26”

shoes

19.87 psi with 24”

shoes

8.80 psi with 24”

shoes

Draw bar pull

in 1st Gear

156, 000#’s 105,000#’s 84,000#’s 75,000#’s

Draw bar pull

in 2nd Gear

61,000#’s 42,000#’s 50,000#’s 41,000#’s

Draw bar pull

in 3rd Gear

28,000#’s 26,000#’s 22,000#’s 22,000#’s

5. The anchor tractor operator shall engage the winch slowly and take up slack in

the cable.

6. Following directions of the designated signal person, the load unit operator

shall engage the load unit and begin to move in conjunction with the anchor

tractor.

7. Once the load reaches the desired location, the designated signal person shall

give a “stop” signal at which time both operators shall stop.

8. The anchor tractor operator shall indicate to the designated signal person that

the anchor tractor and winch is secured.

9. The designated signal person shall relay the “all clear” signal to the load

operator that it is safe to resume work.

Emergency Plan

In the event that an emergency develops, at any time the designated signal

person shall signal stop. All operators shall immediately stop, secure all

equipment, and await further instructions.

No personnel shall be allowed within the whip area of the cable between the

anchor tractor and the load unit(s) while the load unit is being moved.

No personnel shall be allowed directly downhill of the load unit(s) until the

designated signal person has given the “all clear” signal.




Responsibilities

Supervisors/Forman

Ensure all equipment and materials are available, and that all personnel

involved in the work are properly informed.

Ensure that safe procedures are utilized on steep slopes.

Employees

Follow safe working procedures.




1.54 StockpilingofPipe

General

Stockpiling of pipe is often necessary when pipe that is shipped will be used at a later

date. This requires working around heavy equipment and necessitates the

coordination of several persons working in unison.


Pinch points

Crushing

Property damage

Electrocution (overhead power lines)


Hazardous material spill from equipment


Spill kit on site

Safe Work Practice


Gloves

Safety glasses

High Visibility clothing

Do:

Ensure workers are in agreement with the signals.

Use tag lines at all times.

Chock pipe to stop movement.

Use extreme care when spotting the lifting equipment at pipe unloading sites

so that there is adequate clearance of overhead obstructions.

Do Not:

× Stand under suspended load.

× Stock pile pipe under or near overhead power lines.

Procedures

1. Identify stockpile sites by erecting fencing and signing which prevents

unauthorized access to the stockpiled pipe by any unauthorized personnel, or




member of the public, except for those directly involved in pipe handling

operations where required.

2. Conduct a hazard assessment and hold tool box meeting, designate a signaller.

3. Organize stockpiling activities to ensure short lengths (3 meters shorter than

maximum length) are placed on the top tier of the stockpile.

4. Prior to use, inspect the slings, hooks, cables and guidelines that will be used to

complete the movement of pipe, and repair or replace defective items.

5. Locate support skids to ensure they are sufficiently level, on a solid foundation

to establish integrity of the storage piles and so the pipe will not stick out more

than 1‐metre past the edge of the skids.

6. Ensure the skids incorporate a “chock block” system to prevent the pipe from

rolling off the storage rack.

7. Place the pipe sections on the support skids, so they extend 1‐meter beyond

cross‐timbers (skids). Workers will work at the ends of pipe, keeping hands

clear, while completing the stockpiling.

8. Block each tier of pipe, with adequately sized stringers.

9. Keep all personnel clear when cutting steel bands, strapping, or releasing

chains or wire, which secure the pipe to the railroad car or trailer.

10. Use taglines that are of sufficient length to enable employees, who are hooking

pipe, to stand clear while guiding the pipe.

11. Inspect the pipe, prior to releasing the tie downs, to ensure load has not

shifted during transportation to the right of way and that the load is evenly

tiered.

12. Pipe loads are to remain tied down until they have been checked and accepted

by a representative.

13. Position one worker at front of trailer, on stringing deck, ensuring worker is

clear of pinch points, i.e. moving pipe, tractor / trailer, etc., while positioning

another worker at the rear of the trailer with a portable ladder.

14. Position two workers on the ground, one at the front and one at the rear of the

trailer.

15. After hooking the stringing cable to load line on the boom, pull the side‐boom

or crane into position.

16. Give the applicable stringing hooks to the workers on the trailer, while the

workers on the ground continue to hold onto the tag lines.

17. The workers on the tractor and ladder insert the pipe hooks into the end of the

same pipe, holding onto the hooks while the side‐boom/crane operator takes

slack out of cable. Workers shall be positive that the hooks are securely

engaged in the ends of the same pipe before it is raised from trailer.

18. The workers on the trailer and ladder move a safe distance away from the

pipe, out of the potential swing path, while the ground workers take up slack in

the tag lines.




19. Pick the pipe off of the trailer with the side‐boom/crane, guiding the pipe onto

the pipe rack or skids

20. Chock and remove the stringing hooks from the pipe

21. String hooks are then handed back to person on truck if equipped with string

deck.

22. Prior to leaving the stockpiling area, ensure that any debris and garbage

generated during the stockpiling process, has been cleaned up and disposed of

in an approved manner.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman




Obtain permission to use the area for stockpiling the pipe.

Employees






1.55 StorageofCombustibleMaterialsontheJobsite

General

Wide varieties of combustible materials are used in the pipeline industry, and

therefore must be stored in a safe manner in order to protect workers, equipment and

the environment.

Safety Concerns


Fire/Explosion

Splashed with material / skin absorption

Chemical burns

Hazardous atmospheres

Storage of combustible material near open flame.


Spills of material into the environment contaminating the soil and poisoning

ground surface waters.

Fire/Explosion


Spill kit on site


Safe Work Practice


As specified in the SDS product sheet.

Do:

Check applicable local regulations before selecting storage area.

Inspect the building for sources of radiant heat such as hot gas exhaust pipes,

mufflers, heaters, and compressors. IF A HEAT SOURCE is found, inform the

supervisor of the potential problem, and declare the building as off limits for

the storage of combustible materials.

Store combustible materials in a covered, well ventilated shed, located a safe

distance from other material storage and identified with the appropriate signs.


Do Not:

× Place any combustible items in any building, without the expressed permission

of the Prime Contractor or his representative.




Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman

Take all steps necessary to comply with storage of combustible materials

procedure.


Employees





1.56 Stringing

General

Stringing is the process of offloading pipe from trailers onto cones or skids prior to

welding the pipeline.


Falling pipe

Pinch points

Moving equipment

Worker falling from truck/trailer

Load falling off of trailer

Pipe sliding or rolling

Electrocution (overhead power)

Site Conditions

Trucks turning off main roads


Off ROW damage due to pipe trucks turning around.

Equipment leaks


Site plan for turn around, access and egress for pipe trucks.

Spill kits on site.

Safe Work Practices

Do:

Stand clear of load, when removing tie‐down straps.

Maintain eye contact with truck driver and operators when in the vicinity of

the moving vehicle/ equipment.

Get off string deck when traveling up or down hills or moving more than a few

joints.

Re‐secure the load onto the trailer when traveling up or down steep hills.

Use stringing nets on slopes where there is the potential for pipe to slide.

Ensure pins are padded on drivers’ side prior to stringing.

Chock pipe to prevent pipe from rolling off skids.

Stockpile pipe on flat surface and secure from rolling or sliding.

Do Not:

× Stand on deck of tractor when tractor is in motion if not equipped with

stringing deck.




× Place body parts from between sections of pipe.

× Stand between trailer and pipe rack.

Procedure

1. Inspect the pipe, prior to releasing the tie downs, to ensure load has not

shifted during transportation to the right of way and that the load is evenly

tiered.

2. Attach stringing wheels and chute on trailer deck.

3. Position one worker at front of trailer on the stringing deck, ensuring worker is

clear of pinch points, i.e. moving pipe, tractor / trailer, etc.

4. Position appropriate number of workers on the ground, at the rear of the

trailer.

5. The worker, at the front of the trailer, will roll the pipe onto the stringing

wheels, making sure the area is clear of men and equipment. The workers

positioned at the back of the trailer will stand clear of the trailer until the pipe

is resting on the stringing wheels.

6. Designated signal man will motion the truck forward, while a worker, on the

ground, holds onto the pipe located on the stringing wheels, resulting in the

pipe rolling down the stringing wheels, and sliding down the pipe chute.

7. Worker will guide the pipe on to the skids, holding pipe in position with foot on

pipe until the pipe has slid off the chute and rests completely on skids.

8. Roll the next pipe onto the stringing wheels, once the stringing wheels have

been emptied of the previous section of pipe and the area is clear of men and

equipment.

9. Repeat procedure until line is strung or trailer is empty.

Responsibilities

Supervisor/Foreman

Inspect the load on pipe arriving at the worksite, prior to removing tie‐down

straps.

Ensure load is secured, and un‐necessary workers are out of the fall path when

the tie‐downs are released.

Truck Driver

Secure load before moving more than a few joints or up and down steep

slopes.

Chain tires in questionable conditions.

Drive at low constant speed while stringing.

Employees

Stay out of the fall‐path when tie‐downs are removed from the pipe.




Workers shall remain a safe distance from load until it has been inspected for

stability and will not approach it until the stringing supervisor/designate has

ensured that the load is stable and instructs the workers to commence with

stringing activities.




1.57 TaskHazardAnalysisProcedure

General

There are many jobs in the pipeline industry. In order to understand the potential

hazards of each phase of the pipeline installation a task hazard analysis must be

completed. This procedure analyses each step of a particular job process and identifies

potential hazards and control measures.


Injury

Property damage


Environmental damage

Safe Work Procedure


Dependant on procedure being analyzed.

Do:

Check to see what PPE is required for work being performed. Wear PPE.

If unfamiliar with job have someone with you who is.

Always allow persons doing work to review procedures.

Stop work if inherent danger exists.

Do Not:

× Interfere with work being performed.

Procedure

In choosing which jobs call for task hazard assessments, use the following priorities:

a. Any job that is associated with frequent accidents

b. Any job that has produced injuries leaving anyone disabled

c. Any job that has the potential for serious injury

d. New (or recently changed) jobs

e. Jobs that are seldom performed

1. Look carefully at how the equipment is designed (i.e. will there be special

problems in very hot or very cold weather, or for operators who are

especially tall or short?).

2. Carefully observe someone doing the job as they normally would.

3. Using the task hazard analysis form, list each of the basic steps involved in

the task.




4. List what might go wrong‐causing injury or property damage‐at each step.

Think about as many aspects of the job as possible: mechanics, electricity,

temperatures, pressures, leaks, explosives, noise, direction of movement,

impacts, pinch points, stability of equipment, and so on.

5. For each potential problem, write down what should be done to prevent a

problem from occurring or to minimize the damage if a problem does

occur. Indicate what the worker should do, things to look for, positions to

take, movements to make, and so on‐as well as equipment maintenance

and repair or housekeeping in the area. Give very specific instructions,

listing what to do and how to do it, rather than general statements like

“use caution”.

6. Check the lists with someone who has done the task many times, to be

sure that all steps are included and all potential hazards identified.

7. Follow‐up on the hazard assessment to see that corrective actions are

taken by those involved in the task.

Responsibilities

Supervisor/Foreman

Ensure a task hazard analysis is done if there are new procedures or changes in

procedures.

Employees

Help in the development of safe work practices.




1.58 TemporaryCrossingOperations

General

The number of vehicle accidents reported each year is very significant. Anyone

working on a project where equipment will be crossing a road, whether heavily

traveled or not, shall be alert at all times for potential collisions.


Property damage

Vehicle accidents


Damage to roads


Have tires available to protect roads while crossing tracked equipment.

Safe Work Practice


Safety glasses

High Visibility clothing

Do:

Follow flagging safe work practices and procedures in conjunction with

temporary crossing operations.

Ensure all open excavations near crossings are barricaded, flagged, signed or

lighted, depending on the requirements, before leaving area.

Use tires when moving tracked equipment across oiled or paved roadways.

Do Not:

× Remove warning signs until crossings are properly levelled, repaired and

cleared.

× Cross any road/railways until flag person indicates it is safe to do so.

Procedures

1. Safety precautions shall be taken to try and avoid highway accidents at all

costs, including:

2. Barricades, blinkers, flares or warning signs, etc., shall be erected on each side

of the road or railroad before excavation begins.




3. On heavily traveled highways, adequate warning signs shall be placed at 50,

100 and 150 meters (165, 330, and 495 feet) from the centre line of the

pipeline ditch on the approach side (right‐hand side). Fluorescent paint shall

be used on warning signs for illumination at night.

4. On municipal and secondary roads, one warning sign 100 meters (330 feet)

from the centre line of the pipeline approach side. Barricades, blinkers, flares,

etc., shall be used on all roads when applicable.

5. Vehicles shall not be parked on the approach to the pipeline side of the road

where the warning devices have been erected.

6. Suitably identified flag persons shall be stationed on each side of the ditch line

at an adequate distance to allow motorists time to come to a complete stop

when equipment is being moved across highways. Refer to flagging procedure

in this manual.

7. No clearing equipment shall be driven across hard surfaced highways without

protecting the surface of the highway. Crossing material shall be placed at

least one (1) meter (3 feet) off the highway when not in use.

8. Warning signs shall not be removed until road and highway crossings are

properly levelled, shoulders repaired and ditches cleared.

9. Equipment shall not cross railroads until flag persons have indicated that it is

safe to do so.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman

Ensure equipment and manpower are made available to comply with this

policy.

Ensure employees are aware of and follow safe work practices and procedure.

Employees

Refer to Traffic Control/Flagging procedure.

Follow the safe work practices and job procedures for temporary crossings.




1.59 Tie‐Ins–Mainline

General

Portions of the pipeline installed at road and river crossings or connection points are

welded, coated and buried after most of the mainline has been laid. Tie‐in crews are

required for this purpose.


Injury

Property damage

Fire/explosion


Cave ins


Fire/explosion



Safe Work Practice


Gloves

Safety glasses

Do:







Keep flammable materials away from welding areas.

Inspect slings before use.

Do Not:


× Sandblast without proper safety equipment.


× Jump off of equipment.

× Look at welder’s arc without proper eye protection.




× Breathe in welding fumes.


× Carry construction material or equipment in personnel carriers.

Typical Equipment

Side booms, backhoes, welding machines, oxy‐acetylene and propane torches, welding

electrodes, pipe/line‐up clamps, bevelling machines, shoring devices (where required),

pumps, light towers, skids, ladders, slings, tape, coating equipment, sandblasting

equipment, grinders, and hand tools.

Procedure

1. Conduct a hazard assessment and hold toolbox meeting to review scope of

work and hazards.

2. Have all specialized equipment readily available (ladder, fire extinguisher,

monitors, etc.)

3. The pipe must be adequately blocked to prevent movement;

4. The ditch must be properly shored or sloped;

5. There must be adequate ventilation;

6. There must be an adequate means of access and egress, such as; steps, ladder

or ramp.

7. There must be adequate working space provided.

8. Workers shall not stand on live end of pipe while lining up tie‐in joint.

9. Lines known or suspected of having transmitted sour gas product shall be

adequately tested and purged for the protection of those workers making tie‐

ins or cut‐outs.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman

Ensure adequate manpower and equipment are available.

Co‐ordinate tie‐in procedure.

Employees

Follow procedure

Make supervisors aware of any hazards that may arise during the course of the

tie‐in.




1.60 TigerTorches

General

Tiger torches are used to pre‐heat piping prior to welding and in the application of

coatings to pipelines. Tiger torches may also be used to heat or thaw materials out.

Although valuable to a job site, tiger torches are sometimes misused in a manner that

can make them dangerous; including burns to workers, starting material on fire from

direct contact with flame, burning of hoses through inattention or negligence and

storage of propane tanks in heated spaces.


Respiratory Problems

Asphyxiation

Burns

Fire / Explosion

Personal Injury


Fire



Safe Work Practice


Safety glasses

Do:

Ensure a fire extinguisher is present when a torch is used.

Ensure that propane bottles are properly shut off when finished using the tiger

torch.

Use proper striker when lighting torches.

Ensure propane tanks are equipped with proper regulators. Note: If the

regulator “hums” when the tiger torch is in use, the pressure in the tank is

higher than what the regulator is rated for.

Secure propane bottles in an upright position when transporting.




Do Not:

× Heat or thaw lines where known hydrocarbons are present or suspected. Use

an alternative method.

× Point torch in direction of other workers.

× Apply flames directly to painted surfaces, hoses, piping or other materials that

may start on fire.

Procedure

1. Ensure propane bottle is in a stable and in an upright position.

2. Connect regulator to propane bottle. (These fittings have a left hand thread).

3. Tighten regulator connection with a wrench.

4. Connect and tighten propane hose to regulator.

5. Connect tiger torch to loose end of hose.

6. Turn off valve on tiger torch.

7. Turn on propane bottle valve.

8. Point torch toward the ground, ensuring there are no flammable substances in

the near vicinity.

9. Turn tiger torch valve on ½ turn.

10. Light tiger torch with striker.

11. Open tiger torch valve to desired flame size.

12. When finished using tiger torch, turn torch valve off completely.

13. Close propane tank valve.

14. Open tiger torch valve to release any pressure in the hose.

15. Remove torch hose and regulator from propane bottle.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman

Ensure this procedure is followed unless otherwise specified by manufacturer.

Employees





1.61 TowingofLightTrailers

General

It is common practice in the pipeline industry to pull light trailers i.e. compressors,

cone trailers, all‐terrain vehicle trailers, etc. Consequently, workers need to be familiar

with the hazards associated with towing of trailers. The following practices and

procedures are to be adhered to.


Pinch points between vehicles, under objects

Trailers unhooking during transport

Reduced visibility

Change in braking and turning


Equipment leaks


Spill kits

Safe Work Practices

Do:

Use a vehicle of sufficient size to ensure safe handling of the trailer being

towed.

Ensure trailer is securely coupled to tow vehicle.

Ensure all connections i.e. lights, brakes and breakaway cable are securely

connected when applicable.

Ensure safety chains are secured.

Ensure trailers have adequate brakes, relative to the load being hauled and

must meet government regulations.

Secure load on trailer.

Walk around before moving truck and trailer.

Use a designated signal person when backing up vehicle, unless the vehicle

windows enable the driver to have 360o vision.

Do Not:

× Back up vehicle if the signal person is not visible.

× Use improper trailer ball size.

× Tow without safety chains.

× Overload trailer.




Procedure

Trailer Hook Up

1. Assess load to be towed to determine the type of towing vehicle and

equipment needed.

2. Back tow vehicle into position.

3. Apply park brake.

4. Lower trailer onto coupling.

5. Securely couple the trailer to tow vehicle (ensure coupling devices match).

6. Lock coupling into place.

7. Stow away jack or support leg(s).

8. Connect safety chains from trailer to towing vehicle.

9. Connect breakaway cable where applicable.

10. Connect trailer plug where applicable.

11. Check lights and brakes to ensure they are operational.

12. Remove blocking from tires where applicable.

Towing Trailer

1. Release park brake

2. Pull ahead slowly to ensure brakes are not engaged and all wheels are turning.

3. Remember when turning you must make wider turns.

4. Allow extra distance for stopping.

5. Before backing up, do walk‐around.

6. Designate signal person if vision is impaired.

Unhooking Trailer

1. Set vehicle park brake.

2. Block trailer wheels

3. Set jack or support leg(s) into place

4. Disconnect trailer plug, break away cable and safety chains where applicable.

5. Unlock coupling.

6. Raise trailer.

7. Disengage park brake, move truck ahead.

8. Lower trailer to level position.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman

Ensure proper equipment if available

Ensure competent person is assigned and understands the requirements of

this procedure

Ensure signal person is available if required.

Employees




Ensure procedure is followed.

Ensure that a signal person is used whenever a vehicle is backed up and vision

is impaired or when conditions warrant one.

1.62 TowingofTrucksandEquipment

General

Due to extreme and adverse conditions on the pipeline right of way at times, the need

for towing of equipment and/or trucks is common.

Safety Concerns

Flying projectiles.

Pinch points between vehicles, under objects.

Slings/cables breaking.

Trailers unhooking during transport.


Rutting.

Off right‐of‐way travel.

Soil mixture.


Set guidelines for working in wet conditions.

Ensure all employees and sub‐contractors are aware of R.O.W. boundaries and

set in place traffic control procedure for job (include turn around areas and

accesses to R.O.W).

Safe Work Practice

Do:

Use nylon tow ropes if at all possible, with cable being the second option.

Stand clear of the potential swing path of tow ropes, when in use.

Remove cables or ropes from service, if they are frayed or kinked.

Use a vehicle of sufficient size to ensure safe handling of the equipment being

towed.

Stop immediately if the signal person is not visible to the driver, and only be

put the vehicle motion again when the signal person becomes visible again and

indicates it is safe to do so.

Remove slack from tow cable prior to beginning pull.

Do Not:




× Use a tow rope with metal ends or a towrope or cable that has chain links as

part of the tow system.

× Use a chain.

× Straddle or stand next to cable or rope during pull.




Procedure

1. Assess situation, i.e. proper tow vehicle, vehicle traffic.

2. Hook tow ropes to either the frame or designated tow point (not bumper or

axles).

3. Assign one person to direct towing procedures.

4. Remove slack from tow cable prior to beginning pull.

5. Workers are to stand clear of potential swing paths of tow ropes.

6. Initiate pull.

7. Unhook tow cables and check vehicle or equipment for possible damage.

8. Mark or flag off impassable area to warn other workers.

9. Notify supervisor of impassable area.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman

Do a hazard assessment and evaluate the situation.

Ensure adequate equipment is available for tow.

Ensure all involved understand the towing procedure.

Ensure equipment is checked after towing and proper warning signs are

erected if required.

Employees

Follow the towing procedure




1.63 TrafficControl/Flagging

General

Every year people are injured and killed while working in traffic areas. It is important

that we all understand risks involved and precautions needed when working in traffic

areas.


Injury/death

Vehicle/property/equipment damage

Spills from accidents

Flying debris

Road rage


Spills


Spill kits

Safe Work Practice


Gloves,

Safety Glasses,

Reflective Vests,

Flashlight,

Stop/Slow Paddle

Do:

Protect yourself first.

Use extreme caution whenever working around moving equipment.

Wear reflective vests when working near roadways.

Ensure you have an escape route.

Do Not:

× Turn your back on traffic.

× Stand directly in the path of vehicles.




Procedure

Flagging

1. Control of traffic in construction zones shall be done in accordance with

Provincial/Municipal regulations. Where required, a traffic control plan must

be submitted to local regulatory authorities.

2. All personnel, engaged in the practice of flagging, will be dressed as follows to

promote high visibility when approached by on‐coming motorists.

3. High Visibility Vest (fluorescent)

4. Fluorescent Stop and Slow Paddles

5. In high‐speed traffic conditions the retention of local police to ensure required

speed reductions, is highly recommended.

6. During night operations, flag personnel will utilize, at all times, a red flashlight

or similar signalling device.

7. Put on personal protective equipment.

8. Make arrangements for relief breaks.

9. Check equipment (ex. stop/slow sign is clean and undamaged)

10. Plan an escape route.

11. Make sure signage is in place and correct.

12. Stand just outside the approaching traffic lane on the shoulder side of the road

50m to 150m from the work crew.

Road Conditions and Visibility Issues

1. Be sure you are visible to oncoming traffic from at least 150m away.

2. Stand‐alone ‐ no other person should be near you except when your relief

person or supervisor arrives.

3. No vehicles are to be parked in the flagging station, including your own.

To Stop Traffic

1. Display the slow sign until there is a suitable break in the traffic flow.

2. Turn the paddle to display the stop sign.

3. Establish eye contact with the driver of the vehicle you want to stop. When the

vehicle has stopped, walk in a straight line to a position where upcoming

drivers behind the stopped vehicle can see you. Keep out of the way of

moving vehicles; turn to face oncoming traffic.

4. Keep the paddle held high and maintain eye contact with approaching drivers;

have your free hand raised with palm facing driver.




5. Allow space behind you for construction activity to proceed while traffic is

stopped. Make sure you are not in the path of construction vehicles.

To Release Traffic

1. Once it is safe for traffic to proceed, walk in a straight line back to the side of

the road.

2. Turn paddles with the slow sign toward stopped vehicles and with free hand

wave the traffic through.

3. NOTE: Do not wave paddle.

4. When not in use, turn the stop/slow paddle so that edge faces traffic.

To Slow Traffic Down

1. Standing in a safe position on the shoulder of the road facing traffic, display

the slow sign in your hand with your arm held in a horizontal position. At the

same time, extend your other arm, palm down, use an up and down motion to

emphasise the need for drivers to slow down.

Dealing with Emergency Vehicles

1. When a flag person becomes aware that an emergency vehicle is approaching,

he/she must immediately contact the other flag person to prepare them to

open a path for the oncoming vehicles.

When Motorist Does Not Obey Directions

1. If a motorist does not obey the direction of a flag person, the first thing the

flag person must do is to protect and ensure their own safety.

2. Immediately warn others of the danger by any means possible.




In Case Of an Accident

1. If an accident occurs, the flag person must protect and ensure their safety, the

work crew and any member of the public from further mishap.

2. Protect yourself.

3. Contact supervisor to help with controlling the situation.

4. Try to enlist the help of other motorists, but remember that often people do

not want to be involved at accident scenes.

5. Do not leave your station: BE ALERT to motorists who will try to drive around

the accident and the flag station, creating serious problems.

6. After the situation is under control and the supervisor and police have arrived,

the flag person should be relieved in order to record the incident.

Signage

1. All traffic signs and traffic control devices used on job sites are installed for the

safety and convenience of the traveling public and shall be erected in

accordance with Federal, Provincial or Municipal regulations.

2. Barricades, blinkers, flares, warning signs and/or temporary fencing shall be

erected on each side of the road or railroad before excavation commences.

3. Poorly maintained, defaced, damaged or dirty construction signs are

ineffective and shall be replaced, repaired or cleaned without delay.

4. Warning signs shall not be removed until road and highway crossings are

properly levelled, shoulders repaired and ditches cleared.

5. Vehicles shall not be parked on the roadway or shoulder before the pipeline

crossing.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman

Ensure signage and flagging personnel are in place prior to working near

roadways.

Provide flag person training for workers.

Employees

Wear required personal protective equipment.

Follow safe work practice and procedures.




1.64 Welding,Cutting,andBurning

General

Work involving welding, cutting and burning can increase the fire and breathing hazard

on any job, and the following should be considered prior to the start of the work.

Safety Concerns

Explosion

Exposure to Flammable gas

Respiratory Problems

Burns

Eye Injury from “Welders Flash”

Electric shock


Fire



Safe Work Practice


Safety glasses/ Face Shields

Fire Retardant Coveralls

Resistant Gloves

Do:

Ensure adequate ventilation is supplied to the work area, since hazardous

fumes can be created during welding, cutting or burning.

Alert workers who may be exposed to the hazards created by welding, cutting

and burning, protecting from them by the use of “screens”.

Obtain authorization and permits prior to the start of the task.

Place firefighting, or prevention equipment, in the immediate area of the

worksite, prior to starting welding, cutting or burning.

Complete a hazard assessment and inspect the work area for combustible

materials, and possible flammable vapours, prior to starting work.

Inspect cables and hoses to protect them from slag or sparks.

Use an assistant as a fire or spark watch whenever welding is completed.

Clean/sanitize drums, tanks, etc. that have been in service prior to any cutting

and welding activities.




Ensure that all precautions have been carried out and permits obtained, prior

to welding and cutting activities.

Complete atmospheric testing before entering a confined space to complete

welding or cutting activities, as well as having a stand‐by person available.

Use fire resistant materials (blankets, tarps) when working overhead, to

control or contain slag and sparks, as required.

Move all cylinders away to one side, where cutting and welding will generate

sparks and cutting slag that could fall on the cylinders.

Keep the wrench, used for opening the cylinder valves, which should be

opened slowly, on the valve spindle when the cylinder is in use.

Use protective helmets, goggles or other devices when exposed to hazards

from welding, cutting or burning operations.

Do Not:

× Do not enter a confined space without a confined space entry permit and plan

in place.

× Hoist by slings or magnets, drop or subject to impact, any compressed gas

cylinders. Cylinders shall be kept in the upright position and shall be secured

against falling during storage, transportation or use. Cylinders shall not be

handled by their regulators or used as rollers or work supports.

× Store or transport acetylene cylinders in horizontal position.

× Keep full and empty cylinders together.

× Use oxygen or acetylene cylinders as a prop while cutting.

× Strike an arc on any cylinder.

Procedure

1. Get hot work permit prior to cutting, welding or burning where required.

2. Do hazard assessment.

3. Hold tool box meeting to review scope of work, potential hazards, and special

job procedures

4. Fire‐fighting equipment must be put in place and checked as well as any other

safety equipment

5. When welding company specific welding procedures must be used. For more

information on weld procedures contact main office.

6. Prior to making bell hole welds:

a. The pipe must be adequately blocked to prevent movement.

b. The ditch must be properly shored or sloped.

c. There must be adequate ventilation.

d. There must be an adequate means of access and egress, such as a

ladder, steps, stairs or a combination of these systems.

e. There must be adequate working space provided.

f. Extreme caution shall be taken to prevent fires in dry areas.




g. Welders shall check their equipment at frequent intervals for defects,

particularly for defective cable in wet areas.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman

Conduct, document and review a hazard analysis assessment.





Employees






1.65 SafeWorkProcedure

General

On the work that we as pipeline professionals undertake; we will at times be requested

to perform tasks which because of any number of factors – (out of original job scope or

location, changing weather, environmental or operating conditions) – we will need to

“STEP BACK” and reassess the task at hand. The request can be as varied as the tasks

we perform and could encompass any area of our expertise.

It is critical therefore that we follow the following four steps in this safe work practice

anytime we are required to perform a task that may not have been properly addressed

in previous hazard assessment and review processes because of the changing

conditions previously listed.

Step 1 – If some aspect of your work conditions has changed and you are uncertain

whether it is safe to proceed, contact your supervisor to ensure that the work under

the new or changed conditions is in fact what he wants you to do

Step 2 – If a supervisor confirms that he wants you to perform the work, then contact

or ensure the onsite safety representative has been made aware that you will be

working under changed conditions. If during your discussions you identify the changes

appropriate for safety representative review, request that he or she travel to your

location to ensure that all necessary due diligence from a safety perspective has been

performed relevant to the changed conditions which you will be working under

Step 3 – Thoroughly document the change and address it in a revised or new

comprehensive field level hazard assessment and if necessary with a safety meeting

with all affected personnel.

Step 4 – DO NOT proceed until these three precautions have been taken before

performing tasks whose conditions have changed as described here‐in.


All hazards must be assessed relevant to the request – i.e. if we are requested

to dig outside of a pre‐assessed right of way we must follow all ground

disturbance procedures before we start, or if a welder is asked to weld on

piping that is not part of the original hot work permits the work must be

hazard assessed and may need to be re‐permitted.

Thoroughly document all identified hazards with‐in a field level hazard

assessment or a site specific hazard assessment process. Do treat the changing

conditions as an entirely new opportunity to ensure that no hazards are

overlooked or missed.

Implement all routine and non‐routine safety related corrective actions and

protective measures before the work is begun.

Safe Work Practice

Evaluate for Required PPE:




Fire retardant clothing

Self‐contained breathing apparatus

Face‐shield

LEL monitors

Hearing Protection

Hard hat, etc.

Do:

Evacuate unnecessary personnel

Post warning signs if hazard assessment determines a need

Wear identified PPE

Utilize support personnel and equipment if required – i.e. swampers for

trenching concerns, booms for lifting, etc.

Do Not:

× Enter any identified hazard zone unless authorized to do so.

× Hurry the hazard assessment process.

× Allow anyone else to work under the changed conditions until this SWP has

been performed.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman

Identify changing conditions for your crew and ensure they are made aware of

the need to follow the steps outlines in this SWP.

Ensure materials, equipment and manpower are in place to address the

findings of the hazard assessment process.


Ensure all required permits are in place if required.

DO NOT allow anyone to proceed until this process has been completed.

Employees

Participate in the hazard assessment and review process.



Wear appropriate PPE.

DO NOT begin work until this process has been completed.




1.66 ChangeofScope,EnvironmentorOperatingConditions

General

On the work that we as pipeline professionals undertake; we will at times be requested

to perform tasks which because of any number of factors – (out of original job scope or

location, changing weather, environmental or operating conditions) – we will need to

“STEP BACK” and reassess the task at hand. The request can be as varied as the tasks

we perform and could encompass any area of our expertise.

It is critical therefore that we follow the following four steps in this safe work practice

anytime we are required to perform a task that may not have been properly addressed

in previous hazard assessment and review processes because of the changing

conditions previously listed.

Step 1 – If some aspect of your work conditions has changed and you are uncertain

whether it is safe to proceed, contact your supervisor to ensure that the work under

the new or changed conditions is in fact what he wants you to do

Step 2 – If a supervisor confirms that he wants you to perform the work, then contact

or ensure the onsite safety representative has been made aware that you will be

working under changed conditions. If during your discussions you identify the changes

appropriate for safety representative review, request that he or she travel to your

location to ensure that all necessary due diligence from a safety perspective has been

performed relevant to the changed conditions which you will be working under

Step 3 – Thoroughly document the change and address it in a revised or new

comprehensive field level hazard assessment and if necessary with a safety meeting

with all affected personnel.

Step 4 – DO NOT proceed until these three precautions have been taken before

performing tasks whose conditions have changed as described here‐in.


All hazards must be assessed relevant to the request – i.e. if we are requested

to dig outside of a pre‐assessed right of way we must follow all ground

disturbance procedures before we start, or if a welder is asked to weld on

piping that is not part of the original hot work permits the work must be

hazard assessed and may need to be re‐permitted.

Thoroughly document all identified hazards with‐in a field level hazard

assessment or a site specific hazard assessment process. Do treat the changing

conditions as an entirely new opportunity to ensure that no hazards are

overlooked or missed.

Implement all routine and non‐routine safety related corrective actions and

protective measures before the work is begun.

Safe Work Practice

Evaluate for Required PPE:

• Fire retardant clothing

• Self‐contained breathing apparatus




• Face‐shield

• LEL monitors

• Hearing Protection

• Hard hat, etc.

Do:

Evacuate unnecessary personnel

Post warning signs if hazard assessment determines a need

Wear identified PPE

Utilize support personnel and equipment if required – i.e. swampers for trenching

concerns, booms for lifting, etc.

Do Not:

× Enter any identified hazard zone unless authorized to do so.

× Hurry the hazard assessment process.

× Allow anyone else to work under the changed conditions until this SWP has been

performed.

Responsibilities

Supervisors/Foreman

• Identify changing conditions for your crew and ensure they are made aware of the

need to follow the steps outlines in this SWP.

• Ensure materials, equipment and manpower are in place to address the findings

of the hazard assessment process.

• Address all safety concerns that may arise while performing this procedure.

• Ensure all required permits are in place if required.

• DO NOT allow anyone to proceed until this process has been completed.

Employees

• Participate in the hazard assessment and review process.

• Follow all safe work practices and job procedure.

• Report any incidents, accidents or near misses to supervisor.

• Wear appropriate PPE.

• DO NOT begin work until this process has been completed.




1.67 CodeofPracticeforRespiratoryProtection

Policy

This Code of Practice governs the selection, maintenance and use of respiratory

protective equipment.

This Code of Practice is intended to encompass and support site‐specific “Safe Work

Practices and Procedures” that may be prepared for any of our work sites.

Managers and/or supervisors will ensure that employees and sub‐contractors on

project locations are familiar with and will work within the requirements of this Code

of Practice when it is necessary to utilize the same.

The objective of the Code of Practice is to maintain a safe working environment for all

employees and sub‐contractors. Respiratory protection shall be used to protect a

worker from inhaling a hazardous atmosphere when engineering or administrative

controls are not practicable or not adequate.

Responsibilities

Employer

The employer shall be responsible for preparing and ensuring implementation

of the Respiratory Code of Practice.

The employer will ensure necessary resources and training are provided to

meet the compliance expectations of this code of practice.

Supervisor/Foreman

The supervisor shall ensure that fit testing and training are completed prior to

assigning a user any task that requires the use of a respirator.

The supervisor shall ensure respirators are inspected, maintained, and stored

in accordance with written instructions and manufacturer’s recommendations.

The supervisor shall ensure the respirator is used in accordance with the

instructions, the training received, and the safe operating procedures

established for the workplace; e.g. manage work tasks that have been

identified as requiring the use of a respirator.

The supervisor will ensure respirator users are in clean‐shaven condition and

do not have any object or material that would interfere with the seal or

operation of the respirator.

The supervisor will provide details of the type of respirator selected and

anticipated working conditions to the professional conducting the fit testing of

the respirator user.

The supervisor will respond to users’ concerns, changes in process, equipment

or operating procedures that may have an impact on respiratory protection

requirements.




Respirator User

Ensure a clean‐shaven condition, and refrain from having any objects or

material that would interfere with the seal or operation of the respirator.

Check that the respirator is clean and in good operating condition prior to each

use.

Perform a negative pressure seal check after donning the respirator.

Remove from service and tag out any respirator that they determine to be

defective and report it to their immediate supervisor or other responsible

person.

Report to their supervisor or their responsible person any condition or change

that may impact on their ability to use a respirator safely.

Use the respirator in accordance with the written instructions and training

received.

Determine the Need for Respiratory Equipment

Respiratory hazards are those conditions encountered at worksites that require special

precautions and personal protective equipment to avoid inhalation of hazardous

materials, and to allow the safe execution of the work at hand. It is the responsibility

of the management and/or the supervisors and workers to identify the hazards then

take suitable mitigating action to allow the work to proceed safely.

It is recognized that respiratory protective equipment shall only be used if no

alternative method of controlling the respiratory hazard is available (i.e.: engineered

controls or administrative controls.)

Hazard Assessment

A Hazard Assessment of the work area shall be conducted by a competent person to

determine the respiratory hazards present and to assist in the selection of an

appropriate respirator where required.

The nature of the hazard shall be determined as follows:

Identify what contaminant(s) may be present in the workplace

Identify the physical states of all airborne contaminants.

Measure or estimate the concentration of the contaminant(s).

Determine if the atmosphere is potentially oxygen‐deficient.

Identify the appropriate occupational exposure limit for all airborne

contaminant.

Determine if an IDLH atmosphere is present.

Determine if there is an applicable health regulation or standard for the

contaminants.

Determine if a known odour, taste or irritation concentration exists.

Determine if the contaminant can be absorbed through, or is irritating to the

skin or eyes.




Updated assessments shall be completed when the natures of the hazard as

determined above changes.

Selection of Respiratory Protective Equipment

A number of factors need to be carefully considered when selecting an appropriate

type of respiratory equipment. It is very important that all these factors are assessed

each time a selection is made. It is also important that the selection process consider

whether the equipment is going to be used for emergency or normal conditions.

1. Identity of airborne contaminant(s). The contaminants chemical name needs

to be known so that a respirator is selected that is approved for protection

against that specific contaminant. For particulate filters, the presence or

absence of oil aerosols needs to be determined in order to select the

appropriate filter using the NIOSH classification system.

2. Concentration of airborne contaminant(s). The average workday

concentration and the highest short‐term concentration should be

determined.

3. Oxygen concentration. Workers working in an oxygen‐deficient atmosphere

require atmosphere‐supplying respiratory protective equipment. The identity

and concentration of the contaminant, together with the concentration of

oxygen in the work area, must be compared against the concentration of the

contaminant considered to be Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health

(IDLH), i.e. the concentration that would cause immediate injury or debilitating

health effects. Very high concentrations of acutely toxic substances or very

low concentrations of atmospheric oxygen are examples of IDLH situations.

IDLH situations require the use of positive‐pressure atmosphere supplying

respiratory protective equipment. The remaining factors listed below,

determine the choice of the appropriate type of respiratory protective

equipment for non‐IDLH situations.

4. Oxygen deficiency. Where the air has reduced oxygen content and is not IDLH

but is hazardous to health, then an atmosphere‐supplying respiratory must be

used.

5. Physical Form. The contaminant will be present as a dust, mist, fume, fiber,

gas, vapour or radionuclide e.g. silica dust, asbestos fiber, hydrogen sulfide gas

etc. Sometimes more than one physical form is present e.g. spray‐painting

produces paint mist and solvent vapour.

6. Occupational exposure limit. (OEL’s) They are used to determine how great a

protection factor is required.

7. Length of time during which the respirator will be needed. Certain types are

effective for longer periods of time than others.




8. Toxic properties associated with the contaminant. All of the significant that

may result from overexposure should be recognized. Certain toxic properties

influence the choice of a respirator sub‐type. For example, a full face piece,

rather than a half mask respirator, should be chosen for protection against

contaminants that are eye irritants.

9. Warning properties of the airborne contaminant. Workers should be told of

the concentration at which most people could detect the substance by smell,

or by the nose or throat irritation. Detecting the contaminant in this way

indicates a poor fit, the development of a leak, or exhaustion of cartridge or

canister. For this reason, air‐purifying type respirators must be used for

protection against gasses or vapours that have inadequate warning properties

at or above their OEL’s.

10. Need for emergency escape.

Repair and Maintenance

Repair and maintenance consists of those activities related to restoring a respirator to

the manufacturer’s original operating condition, including:

Operation of each respirator.

Care, cleaning, and inspection.

End‐of‐service recognition.

Change‐out of filter elements.

Replacement of air cylinders.

Identification of problems.

Storage.

Removal from service.

Familiarity with and adherence to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Training Records

Records of training shall be kept of the type of training each person has received

regarding respiratory protection and the dates when training occurred.

Refresher Training

The employer shall provide refresher training as required.

Cleaning, Inspecting, Maintenance, and Storage of Respirators

General

Each respirator shall be properly maintained to retain its original effectiveness. An

acceptable program of care and maintenance shall include:

Cleaning and sanitizing

Inspection, testing and repair

Storage




Defective or non‐functioning respirators shall be identified as “out of service” or

equivalent e.g. tagged, and shall be removed from service until repaired or replaced.

Cleaning and Sanitizing

Respirators shall be cleaned and sanitized according to the respirator manufacturer’s

instructions. Respirators designed not to be cleaned shall be disposed of after use as

directed by the manufacturer’s instructions.

Inspection

Users shall inspect their respirators before and after each use.

Use of Respirators

User Requirements

Prior to assigning a user any task that requires the use of a respirator, the user shall

complete all the health screening, fit testing, and training requirements in this practice.

Respirator Face‐to‐Face Piece Seal

Persons using any respirator shall be clean‐shaven where the face piece seals

to the skin.

Respirators requiring a tight fit in order to perform effectively shall not be

worn when an effective seal to the face of the person cannot be achieved and

maintained.

Side arms on eyeglasses or any other materials such as hair, cloth, tissue,

straps, and jewelry shall not pass between the face and the sealing surface of

the face piece or interfere with the seal of the tight‐fitting face piece to the

face or with the operation of the respirator.

Other personal protective devices or equipment shall not interfere with the

seal of the face piece to the face of the user.

Persons who cannot achieve and maintain an effective closure of the nose or a

seal around a respirator mouthpiece shall not be permitted to use a

mouthpiece and nose‐clamp type of respirator.

User Seal Check of Face‐to‐Face Piece Seal

The user of the respirator shall check the seal of the face piece immediately after

donning the respirator, and periodically during use, by recommended procedures.




1.68 CodeofPracticeforConfinedSpaceEntry

Policy

No worker shall enter a confined space without first reviewing and complying with this

Code of Practice. Where applicable, client practices and procedures may be followed

in conjunction with this Code of Practice for Confined Space Entry, as long as all the

requirements of this code of practice are met. The location of all existing and potential

confined space work locations must be identified at a work site.

Definitions

“Confined Space” means an enclosed or partially enclosed space that is not designed or

intended for continuous human occupancy with a restricted means of entry or exit and

may become hazardous to a worker entering it because

a) Of its design, construction, location or atmosphere,

b) Of the work activities, materials, or substances in it,

c) The provision of first aid, evacuation, rescue or other emergency response service

is compromised, or

d) Of other hazards relating to it.

A worker is considered to have “entered” a confined space when the worker’s

breathing zone crosses the plane of the confined space access.

“Competence” means adequately qualified, suitably trained and with sufficient

experience to safely perform work, without supervision or with only a minimal degree

of supervision.

If anyone encounters a situation where they are uncertain as to whether or not it is a

confined space, consult your supervisor or safety designate. If the situation cannot

readily be identified as NOT being a confined space, it shall be treated as a confined

space until it can be determined as otherwise.

Hazard Identification

The most common hazards encountered in confined spaces are:

Toxic vapours, materials, and harmful atmospheric conditions such as toxic

gases (H2S), fumes (welding), liquids (hydrocarbons), solids (asbestos) and

airborne contaminants (dust, rust, silica etc.). The biggest risk of toxic

exposure is by inhalation followed by skin absorption or contact.

Oxygen deficiency or enrichment, which even in a non‐toxic atmosphere has

dangerous consequences. The lack of enough oxygen impairs physical

performance and increases risk by causing rapid fatigue and diminished mental

capabilities. Too much oxygen increases the flammability of materials. This is

often caused by leaks from cutting torches.

Fire and explosion from the ignition of flammable materials, gases or vapours.




Higher than normal ambient temperatures due to welding, lighting and

protective clothing.

Impaired visibility.

Slippery surfaces.

Limited work space.

Internal electrical equipment, mixers, agitators or conveyors.

Pre‐Entry Plan

Before entering, or allowing entry into a confined space, the following will be

completed where applicable:

1. Ensure confined space entry permit has been completed.

2. Ensure Pre‐Entry checklist has been completed.

3. Ensure rescue plan and rescue equipment are in place.

4. Appoint a Safety Watch with the requisite qualifications, training and

competencies required by this Code of Practice.

5. Verify isolation with a visual check.

6. Identify the hazards and associated hazards.

7. Clearly identify the confined space.

8. Establish a communication system.

9. Identify safety equipment required.

10. Consult the workers for training qualifications.

11. Atmospherically test the confined space and record the results on the permit

and gas test log.

12. Ensure continuous monitor is in place and has been “bump tested” prior to

use.

13. Review this pre‐entry checklist, permit and Confined Space Code of Practice

during the pre‐job tailgate meeting with all workers involved in the confined

space entry work process.

14. Review workers “right/obligation to refuse unsafe work”.

Safety Watch

All confined space work requires the use of a “tending worker” who, for the purpose of

this Code of Practice will be identified as the Safety Watch. The Safety Watch will be

responsible for the following:

Monitoring the work environment. This includes the confined space and the

work area adjacent to and surrounding the confined space.

Positive control of the access and egress to the work area.

Maintain a communication link with the workers in the confined space.

Arrange for assistance, initiate rescue or evacuation procedures.

Maintain confined space entry documentation (permits, list of entrants, gas

monitoring log, rescue procedures, etc.).




Minimum competency requirements and training for a Safety Watch are:

Confined Space Entry training.

H2S Alive.

Gas Testing.

Self‐Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA).

Standard First Aid and CPR.

WHMIS.

Responsibilities

Entry Supervisor

Every confined space entry shall have a designated supervisor who shall be responsible

for:

Ensuring the confined space is safe to enter.

Sign the “Confined Space Pre‐Entry Checklist” after ensuring that all acceptable

entry conditions are met.

Ensure that all emergency services are available to affect a timely rescue if

required, prior to authorizing entry.

Ensure that record keeping as per this code of practice is complete.

Employees

It is the responsibility of workers entering a confined space for the purpose of

performing work to:

Know the hazards within the confined space along with the signs of exposure

and their consequences.

Be competent in the use of every piece of Personal Protective Equipment

he/she will be required to use during the confined space entry.

Keep in contact with the Safety Watch.

Alert the Safety Watch immediately, if the conditions in the confined space

change, or if a new hazard is identified.

Obey any order to evacuate immediately.

Evacuate immediately when an alarm sounds.

Rescue Planning

As a minimum, the rescue plan will include:

1. Type of confined space (drawing if appropriate).

2. Hazards that will or could be encountered.

3. Isolation procedure (if required).




4. The means to eliminate hazards associated with the presence of harmful or

flammable substances or an oxygen deficiency.

5. Inventory of the type, location and use of any necessary health and safety

controls (i.e. first aid equipment, PPE, etc.).

6. Name and responsibilities of rescue personnel.

7. Inventory and location of rescue equipment required.

Atmospheric Conditions Responses

Oxygen deficiency ……below 19.5% by volume in air – breathing air is required.

Oxygen ………………. enrichment above 23% by volume of air–no entry/evacuate.

Above 10% LEL . . . . . no entry / evacuate.

Atmospheric Testing

Before any worker is allowed to enter a confined space, the atmosphere inside the

confined space will be tested for combustible gases, toxic vapours and the oxygen

level. The workers may enter the confined space to commence work once:

1. The atmosphere in the confined space has been declared safe.

2. The ventilating and monitoring equipment is in operation as indicated in the

hazard assessment.

3. All workers have reviewed the Confined Space Hazard Assessment, the

Confined Space Code of Practice and any relevant Safety Work Practices and

Procedures indicated in the hazard assessment (i.e. Isolation, Lock‐out, Tag‐out

etc.).

Ventilating a Confined Space

If atmospheric testing identifies that a hazardous atmosphere exists or is likely to exist

in the confined space, the confined space may need to be ventilated. If mechanical

ventilation, it must ensure that:

1. The ventilation system incorporates a method of alerting to a failure of the

system so that the workers have sufficient time to safely leave the confined

space, and

2. The evacuation procedures to be used in the event of a ventilation system

failure must be reviewed and tested with the workers to establish competence

and effectiveness.

Inerting

When it is not reasonably practicable to eliminate an explosive or flammable

atmosphere within a confined space through other means, an established method of

inerting shall be used. If inerting is used, the Entry Supervisor shall ensure that:

1. All workers entering the confined space are equipped with supplied air

respiratory protection equipment.




2. All ignition sources are controlled, and

3. The atmosphere within the confined space stays inert while workers are inside.

Retaining Records

All records respecting entry and work in a Confined Space, including entry permits,

hazard assessments, pre‐entry checklists, entry logs and atmospheric testing as per this

Code of Practice shall be retained for no less than:

1. One (1) year if no incident or unplanned event occurred during the entry, or

2. Two (2) years if an incident or unplanned event occurred during the entry.




PRE-ENTRY CHECK For Confined Space Entry Job Number Safety Watch

ITEM TO BE CHECKED Yes N/A Checked By: Time: 1 Safety Watch has been designated. (Named above on this

document). □ □

2 Safety watch has reviewed Confined Space Code of Practice □ □ 3 Confined Space Permit has been completed. □ □ 4 Rescue Plan is documented and rescue equipment is in place. □ □ 5 Known hazards are identified and mitigated (Hazard

Assessment). □ □

6 Confined Space is clearly marked. □ □ 7 Contents (or previous contents)of confined space are

identified. □ □

8 Confined space has been/is being ventilated. □ □ 9 Confined space atmosphere is being continually monitored. □ □

10 Atmospheric testing equipment has been function tested. (bump test)

□ □

11 Equipment affecting the confined space is locked out and tagged.

□ □

12 Piping into or affecting the confined space is isolated to zero energy. (blanking or blinding SWP followed)

□ □

13 Physical check for zero energy. Verified by: □ □ 14 Communications system between entrants and safety watch in

place and tested. □ □

15 Entry workers training qualifications reviewed. □ □ 16 Hot work hazard assessment has been completed. □ □ 17 Supplied air (SCBA or SABA) is available for workers. □ □ 18 Safety ropes and harnesses are available for entry workers. □ □ 19 Is electrical equipment over 12 volts ground-fault protected? □ □

Client Client Rep Location Supervisor __________________________ Confined Space Location

ATMOSPHERIC TESTING

TEST TIME TESTED BY LEL’s % H2S % OXYGEN %

Safety Watch (Sign) Print Date Site Supervisor (Sign) Print Date Include with Tailgate meeting for Confined Space Entry as well as any permit issued for this work.




CONFINED SPACE ENTRY LOG

Job Number Confined Space Type Client Location Safety Watch Supervisor Scheduled Start Scheduled Finish

Name: Time In: Time Out: Running Total:




1.69 GroundDisturbanceCodeofPractice

Purpose

The purpose of this ground disturbance standard is to provide direction to employees and

contractors, and to ensure their compliance with United Pacific Projects Ltd. (UPPL) requirements

for conducting ground disturbance, thereby:

Protecting all personnel and the public while conducting ground disturbance activities;

Safeguarding the environment; and

Protecting client/public facilities and equipment. Strict adherence to the policy, standards, and procedures pertaining to ground disturbance is

required at UPPL.

Definition of a Ground Disturbance

A ground disturbance is defined as the following:

Any work, operation, or activity that results in a disturbance of the earth to a depth greater than 300 millimeters (12 inches/30cm).

Any work, operation, or activity that reduces the earth cover over any pipeline/facility to less than the cover provided when the pipeline/ facility was installed.

Construction of haul or access roads for the movement of heavy equipment along or across a pipeline ROW, should also be treated as ground disturbances.

The only exception is agricultural cultivation less than 450 millimeters (18 inches) in depth.

Types of Ground Disturbances include: (related to UPPL)

Excavation

Grading

Drilling

Drilling

Topsoil Stripping

Ditch Shaping, Driving Bars, Posts, Anchors

Trenching

Boring

Land Levelling

Rock Picking

Blasting

Pipe Pushing Types of Buried Facilities which may be encountered in UPPL work scopes (Buried facility is any

below ground structure designed for the collection, storage, transmission, or distribution of the

following)

Water

Sewage

Electronic Communications

Telephone Communications




Petroleum products

Chemicals

Electrical Energy

Oil

Natural gas

Steam

Storm Water

Cable Vision Roles and Responsibilities

All individuals involved in project/field management of ground disturbance activities

1. Understand that there is be no mechanical activity within 5 meters of any line until the

crossing agreement is reviewed, foreign line owner rep is present and locating and staking has

been completed?

2. Understand that Powered Mobile Equipment (any equipment/trucks weighing over 3/4 ton)

will not be operated within 5 Meters of an underground facility until it has been hand exposed

(hydro vac/hand exposed) and the foreign line owner rep present on location.

3. Understand that United Pacific Projects Ltd. does not allow for Mechanical excavation within

600 mm of any pipeline without the direct written consent of the President of United Pacific

Projects Ltd., direct written consent of the line owner, and a client rep on location.

Supervisory Staff and/or Project Management

Supervisory staff and/or project management staff who are directly involved in Ground

Disturbance activity must

Ensure that a competent person is designated, by UPPL, as the Ground Disturbance Coordinator.

Verify all procedures and requirements are being met, and that workers demonstrate the necessary skills to perform the job safely.

Supervisory staff and/or project management must maintain a current supervisory level 2 ground disturbance course

Ground Disturbance Supervisor

Must be trained and hold a valid certificate in Ground Disturbance Level II (or equivalent).

Review pre‐ground disturbance documentation, including any written approvals, and

addressing deficiencies prior to the commencement of work

Ensuring that all buried facility locate requests have been made, including those to non‐

members of a one‐call centre

Maintaining and managing the locates provided.

Manage team of Ground Disturbance Coordinators.

Please note that the Ground Disturbance Supervisor may also act as the Ground Disturbance

Coordinator.




Ground Disturbance Coordinator

The ground disturbance coordinator

Must be fully knowledgeable about pipeline and utility crossing procedures; and

Must be trained and hold a valid certificate in Ground Disturbance Level II (or equivalent).

Must be on‐site at all times and in direct supervision (unless specified below) while the

following tasks are in progress: Note that direct supervision means the supervisor is on

site and in close enough proximity to monitor the ground disturbance activity and

effectively take corrective action when required.

o must be in direct supervision of any hand exposure of the pipeline (including

hydro‐ excavation [hydro vac]);

o must be in direct supervision of any ground disturbance work involving the

crossing of pipelines or utilities;

o Must be in direct supervision whenever a contractor is undertaking any type of

ground disturbance and

o Backfilling of the pipeline.

The responsibilities of the Ground Disturbance Coordinator include:

Ensure all applicable documentation must be on site for the duration of the ground

disturbance;

Ensuring that the Crossing or Proximity Agreements are in place and that the terms and

conditions of the crossing or proximity agreements are adhered to;

Ensuring that the Ground Disturbance Permit, Safe Work Permits and Hazard Assessments

are completed;

Ensuring that an excavation area deep and wide enough to encompass an appropriate

back slope is clearly defined and identified;

Ensuring that the appropriate steps have been taken to locate all underground utilities,

prior to allowing mechanical excavation, and ensuring that the crew is aware of the

utilities’ locations within the excavation area;

o ensuring that all overhead power lines are marked, and a seven meter limit of

approach is enforced;

o ensuring that site‐specific emergency procedures are in place and have been

reviewed with the crew;

o shutting down any unsafe activity;

o reporting and correcting any unsafe conditions; and

o Reporting any incidents.

Please note that the Ground Disturbance Coordinator role may be fulfilled by competent

Foreman

Foreman

The Foreman must

Must be trained and hold a valid certificate in Ground Disturbance Level II (or equivalent);




Completed Safe Work Permits and Field Level Hazard Assessments with crew

participation;

Mark overhead powerlines;

Review site specific emergency response activities with the crew;

Shutting down any unsafe activity;

Reporting and correcting any unsafe conditions; and

Reporting any incident

Be present for all ground disturbance activities requiring direct supervision of Ground

Disturbance Supervisor (as listed above)

Ensure all applicable documentation must be on site for the duration of the ground

disturbance.

Equipment Operator and Spotter

Equipment Operator

The equipment operator must

Must be trained and hold a valid certificate in Ground Disturbance Level II (or equivalent).;

Be familiar with the UPPL standard for Ground Disturbance.

Be deemed competent by their employer in the operation of the equipment.

Must participate in the completion of the ground disturbance permit and be aware of the

location(s) of other underground facilities within close proximity to the work area.

Spotter

The designated spotter must

Be trained and hold a valid certificate in Ground Disturbance Level II (or equivalent).;

Monitor the site while any mechanical equipment is in use;

Must participate in the completion of the ground disturbance permit and be aware of the

location(s) of other underground facilities within close proximity to the work area.

Monitor the site while excavation activities are under way;

Monitor backfilling of the pipeline;

Scan the excavation for other buried facilities; and

Be equipped with an air horn to alert the equipment operator for emergency situations.

Ground Disturbance Planning

Pre‐Excavation Activities

A thorough understanding of this standard is one of the required training components for UPPL

employees who work in the field. At minimum, all field employees will review and understand this

standard.




Individuals supervising, preparing for, or undertaking ground disturbance activities will require

ground disturbance training. (As referenced above) and electronic‐line‐locating equipment

training (for those performing line locating).

It is both an expectation and a requirement to conduct safe ground disturbance activities.

Planning a Ground Disturbance

Prior to commencing ground disturbance activities, all necessary steps to complete the Ground

Disturbance Permit must be completed.

Crossing Agreements, when required, must be in place prior to commencing any ground

disturbance.

Initial Sources for Record Confirmation Searches

Provincial One Call Organizations

Signs and markers in the area

Alberta Energy Resources Conservation Board records

Land Titles Office

Certificates of Title

Registered Rights of Way (ROW)

Registered Pipeline Lease Agreements (PLA)

Easements

Caveats registered against the property

Local landowners

Producers in the area

Provincial One Call Organizations

Before digging activities (planning and ground disturbance):

Call the Alberta One Call Corporation at (1‐800‐242‐3447) and British Columbia One Call (1‐800‐474‐6886),) to determine if any third party underground facilities are registered within the following areas:

o the Control Area (the area within 30 meters of either side of a provincially‐ regulated pipeline); OR

o the Safety Zone (the area within 30 meters of the right of way of a federally‐ regulated pipeline).

Calls must be made a minimum of three days in advance not including Saturdays, Sundays, or holidays. Emergency calls can be handled by both organizations.

Notify the owner(s) of foreign pipelines, within the Control Area or Safety Zone, of any intent to disturb the ground.

Notification to facility owners must be received a minimum of 3 working days, but not more than 14 working days, before beginning a ground disturbance. (The One Call is valid for up to 30 days if the work on‐site is continuous.)




Pipeline Right of Way (ROW) and Activity within ROW

A pipeline right of way (ROW) has specific boundaries, within which the pipeline owner has the

right to construct pipelines and control activity. After a pipeline is constructed, the owner of a

pipeline has limited rights (other than to control activity), as the land reverts to the landowner.

Construction of haul or access roads, and the movement of heavy equipment along or across a

pipeline ROW, should be treated as ground disturbances. Advance permission and approval for

this type of activity must be obtained from the pipeline owner.

If a proposed ground disturbance is within the pipeline ROW, UPPL must obtain written approval,

or enter into a Crossing Agreement, with the pipeline owner.

Mechanical equipment must not be used within five meters of the pipeline center line, which will

allow for a safely sloped excavation, and must not be used until the pipeline has been hand‐

exposed and is clearly visible.

Mechanical excavation must not be used within 600 mm of the pipeline, except under the direct

supervision of the pipeline owner, or the pipeline owner’s representative.

Searching the Area and Marking the Planned Ground Disturbance Location

Search of Ground Disturbance Area

The area within a 30 meters circumference of a planned ground disturbance is the search area.

Before a ground disturbance is undertaken, all facilities must be searched out and marked on the

ground, showing the location and alignment of all buried facilities.

Review all information regarding the excavation site, including in the following:

o Maps; o Alignment sheets; o Land status sheets; o One Call notifications; o Alberta Energy Resources Conservation Board drawings; o Foreign pipeline notifications; and o Crossing Agreements and landowner authorizations.

Proceed to the site and mark out on the ground the ground disturbance location. Pipelines must be marked 30 meters beyond the area of the proposed ground disturbance.

Meet with the foreign pipeline owners to determine if there are any ROWs in the area.

Investigate to determine whether there are any indications of underground facilities in the area (for example, line clearings, signs, marker posts, cathodic posts, and so on).

Meet with the landowner to determine if he/she has any concerns or knows of underground facilities in the area such as water well lines, sewage pump offs, buried electrical lines, and so on.

The scan must be performed in a north‐south, east‐west direction, at a 45‐degree angle, and in a circle, to ensure, as much as is reasonably practicable, that all underground facilities are identified.




The scan must also include a search on each side of the ground disturbance (both

parallel and perpendicular), to ensure location of buried facilities that have been

abandoned and may not cross the entire ground disturbance area.




Marking Underground Facilities

Facilities will be marked following the International Color Code.

Hydro Vac

All facilities within the excavation area will be daylighted 0.6 m on both sides and a minimum of

0.6 m below each facility. Where proposed excavation depth is greater than 0.6 m below the

facility, daylighting must continue beyond the 0.6 m minimum below the facility to the full depth

of the proposed excavation.

Excavation Activities

Digging Trenches and Excavations

Mechanical equipment must not be used within five meters of the pipeline center line,

which will allow for a safely sloped excavation, and must not be used until the pipeline has

been hand‐exposed and is clearly visible.

Understand that there is be no mechanical activity within 5 meters of any line until the

crossing agreement is reviewed, foreign line owner rep is present and locating and staking has

been completed.

Understand that Powered Mobile Equipment (any equipment/trucks weighing over 3/4 ton)

will not be operated within 5 Meters of an underground facility until it has been hand exposed

(hydro vac/hand exposed) and the foreign line owner rep present on location.

Understand that United Pacific Projects Ltd. does not allow for Mechanical excavation within

600 mm (24 inches) of any pipeline without the direct written consent of the President of

United Pacific Projects Ltd., direct written consent of the client and client representation on

location during the excavation.

All buried facilities within 30 meters beyond the limits of the intended excavation must be

electronically located.

Ground Disturbance Procedures for Horizontal Directional Drills (HDDs)

The information below shall be followed for ground disturbances related to HDD projects:

The Project Manager (in consultation with the HDD Supervisor) shall develop a detailed written HDD execution plan, as well as a drawing showing ground disturbance areas.

All pipelines and utilities must be located and identified during the planning and design stage of an HDD and all data captured on the HDD survey plan.

All pipelines and utilities must be located by two independent sweeps and one calls must be performed prior to any HDD ground disturbance. The inspector and HDD foreman must sign off on this.

All existing pipelines and utilities must be exposed or hydro vacced prior to crossing with an HDD.

If crossing below a pipeline or utility, the pipeline or utility must be excavated or hydro vacced with a slot trench to a depth at least 1.5 meters below the pipeline or utility to provide visual confirmation that 1m separation is maintained. The drill head and reamers must be observed passing through the hole and maintaining clearance.




If crossing above a pipeline or utility, the pipeline or utility must be excavated or hydro vacced with a slot trench to expose the pipeline or utility to provide visual confirmation that 1‐meter separation is maintained. The drill head and reamers must be observed passing through the hole and maintaining clearance.

HDD crossing of pipelines or utilities that have not been exposed via hydro vac or hand digging methods is not permitted.

During Digging Activities

Ensure that

Spoil pile locations are selected that are free of underground utilities, including for operations involving the double‐handling of dirt.

The edges of the spoil pile are at least 1.2 meter away from the edge of the trench or excavation (always store the topsoil separately from the subsoil);

o Ensure Spoil & Supplies are set back at least 1.2 meters from the excavation edge

The pipe is supported approximately every 5 meters and

The pipeline is re‐marked with paint or stakes during exposure, as necessary, for alignment purposes.

If soil contamination is encountered,

immediately stop excavating;

ensure the excavation is left open; and

contact Client rep

Before entering a Trench or Excavation

Note: Do not enter an Excavation you deem to be unsafe

Personnel are not to work in an excavation or trench with vertical sides higher than 1.2 meters unless the sides are properly cutback or protective structures are installed. Please note: naturally frozen soil does not assure stability of the soil, so is not an acceptable alternative to proper cutbacks or protective structures.

If the excavation or trench is deeper than 1.2 meters ensure that the appropriate cutbacks are made or approved shoring equipment is available.

If shoring equipment is required, ensure that the equipment is certified by a professional engineer. The equipment needs to have accompanying documentation, be adequate for the depth and soil conditions, assembled to specification, and be in good condition. Please note, entry to shoring is considered confined space entry, and it must be assessed as such.

Access and egress for workers entering the trench must be provided. Worker access must be provided no more than 8 meters from where workers will be performing their work. Access and egress pathways will be maintained. Workers must not have to travel further than 8 meters to the point of egress.

Mobile equipment should be kept, a certain distance, away from the excavation. Running equipment should be far enough away that exhaust does not enter the trench.




Post Excavation and Backfilling Activities

Upon completion of work activities for which the trench or excavation require:

carefully inspect any existing lines, cables, or conduits for damage caused during the digging activity;

report any damages to the facility owner and complete an Incident Report; and

notify the owners of the existing facilities (that were exposed during the digging activities) that the trench or excavation will be backfilled

Owner’s representative must be present for backfill activities.

If the trench or excavation is to be left open and unattended for any period of time, it must be flagged, fenced, or barricaded to prevent any vehicles, personnel, or animals from falling into the trench or excavation.

Emergency Trenching and Excavating: Leaking Underground Facilities

When an underground facility begins to leak and an excavation is required to repair the facility

and restore service, unique hazards may be present. Steps must be taken to identify and assess

these hazards prior to commencing the emergency excavation. Some of the unique hazards

include the following:

Hazards not being identified and controlled because actions are being taken hurriedly to restore the operation of the underground facility.

A possible source of flammable vapors if the facility carried liquid hydrocarbons or produced water. These vapors might create a respiratory hazard and hydrocarbon narcosis.

A fire or explosion hazard.

The presence of toxic hydrogen sulphide, if the facility carried sour fluids. Please note, this hazard needs to be anticipated in other lines also, due to batching and other factors.

The presence of benzene.

In all instances, there is a need to protect employees and the public, and, if possible, minimize

further damage to the environment.

Hazard Control Measures

All reasonable precautions to protect employees and the public must be taken. Some of the

precautionary measures to take are listed below.

Ensure that the line is shutdown, de‐pressurized, and isolated.

Secure the site with pipeline emergency signs, flagging, or warning tape to limit and control access to the release location.

Contact “One Call” or other available agencies and request emergency locate assistance.

Contact all known third party facility owners that may or may not be affected by the pipeline emergency.

Ensure that appropriate PPE (including respiratory equipment‐cartridge respirators, SCBA, and SABA), spill control, and fire‐fighting equipment is at the scene as soon as possible, especially




before mechanical excavation commences.

Position marker pins on identified foreign buried facilities.

Have at least one safety standby, equipped with a three‐way monitor, continuously check for high H2S, oxygen, or combustible gas readings.

Do as little trenching as possible for liquids recovery.

Develop a plan to handle soils during the excavation in conjunction with Client.

At a minimum, a plastic liner must be placed beneath the contaminated excavated spoil.

Ensure that top soils are removed and stored separately from sub‐soils.




Appendix 1: Definitions Dig Site Area (Ground Disturbance)

Any work, operation, or activity, without limitation, that results in a disturbance of the earth to a

depth greater than 30 cm (1 ft).

Search Area

The 30 meters surrounding the dig site area in which all reasonably necessary precautions must be

taken to determine whether or not a buried facility exists. The line locator must locate the lines

using an industry‐accepted method.

When blind sweeping during induction mode, the area should be swept in four separate ‘grid

patterns’ (for example, north/south, east/west, and angular in both directions) to ensure

maximum detection capabilities. This must be completed using the highest frequency possible.

Notification

Every owner within the ground disturbance area and the 30 m Search Area must be notified of the

nature and schedule of the ground disturbance. Notification must be provided, as per the Crossing

Agreement or as per provincial regulations, a minimum of 2 working days and a maximum of 7

working days, or greater, before the disturbance, as specified in the Crossing Agreement.

Crossing/Proximity Agreements (also referred to as approvals)

Anytime a ground disturbance takes place within a right‐of‐way or within 5 meters of a facility

where there is no right‐of‐way, written approval must be obtained from the owner.

Hand Exposure

Before commencing any mechanical excavation, hand exposure must be performed if the ground

disturbance crosses or is carried out within 5 meters of an existing, buried facility. When exposing

the buried facility, it must be exposed enough to sufficiently identify the facility.

Excavation techniques have been developed using water or air jets. These have generally been

accepted, although all procedures may not have specific regulatory approval. Care should be

taken to evaluate the best method of hand exposure, taking into consideration such factors as

damage to pipe coatings and methods of soil disposal.




International Color Code

White – proposed excavation

Pink – temporary survey markings

Red – electrical, lighting cables

Yellow – gas, oil, steam

Orange – telephone, cable, TV, signals, alarms

Blue – potable water

Green – sanitary and storm sewer, culverts

Purple – reclaimed water, irrigation, slurry

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