1 Generic Biology Unpacked Outcomes – Preliminary Course

Outcome Elementary Satisfactory Good Substantial Excellent In General – use these verbs in the creation of questions (from Assessment Support Document) NB underlined terms are not in this document

States, Defines, Demonstrates, Identifies, Explains, Outlines, Recalls, Collates , Selects

Applies, Describe, Extracts (information), Compares, Distinguishes, Interprets, Recounts, Summarises

Classifies, Compares, Accounts, Clarifies, Constructs, Contrasts, Deduces, Examines, Determines, Illustrates

Uses mathematical models, Analyses, Calculate, Discusses, Extrapolates, Investigates, Predicts, Designs

Evaluates, Synthesises, Critically (analyse/evaluate), Appreciates, Assesses, Justifies, Proposes, Recommends

P1 outlines the historical development of major biological principles, concepts and ideas

P1 States some of the ideas in biology

P1 Describes major concepts in biology mentioning people that first postulated them.

P1 Sequences the development of major concepts in biology

P1 Compares competing theories in the historical development of biology.

P1 Provides a detailed historical development of many concepts in biology describing how each concept outcompeted others.

P2 applies the processes that are used to t est and validate models, theories and laws of science, with particular emphasis on first-hand investigations in biology

P2 Identifies and describes simple variables and controls in experiments.

P2 Maintains all variables except one constant in experiments. Creates suitable controls in experiments

P2 Relates the results of an experiment to its aim. Accepts or discards theories on the basis of the results.

P2 Identifies and quantifies confounding variables in an experiment. Uses mathematical models to fit data.

P2 Analyses errors quantitatively. Uses the concept of null hypothesis or hypothesis testing to validate theories.

P3 assesses the impact of particular technological advances on understanding in biology

P3 States some technological advances.

P3 Explains the relevance of the advances to the scientific research.

P3 Compares other advances and demonstrates why a particular advance is useful in an area of scientific research.

P3 Justifies why a particular advance aids in scientific research using examples.

P3 Critically evaluates the usefulness of particular advances in specific areas of scientific research.

P4 describes applications of biology which affect society or the environment

P4 Identifies areas of society where science has made an impact.

P4 Gives and explains specific examples of the effect of science on society / environment.

P4 P4 P4

P5 describes the scientific principles employed in particular areas of biological research

P5 States some basic principles used in research.

P5Gives and explains specific examples of scientific principles used in research.

P5 P5 P5

P6 explains how cell ultrastructure and the coordinated activities of cells, tissues and organs contribute to macroscopic processes in organisms

P6 Identifies cell structures and defines the role of each organelle.

P6 Describes how cells communicate and are organised into systems.

P6 Examines how the activity of some cells modifies the activities of other cells.

P6 Discusses the activities of systems in terms of their constituent parts .

P6 Assesses how complex systems give rise to gestaltic phenomena

P7 describes the range of organisms in terms of specialisation for a habitat

P7 P7 P7 P7 P7

P8 analyses the interrelationships of organisms within the ecosystem

P8 P8 P8 P8 P8

P9 explains how processes of reproduction ensure continuity of species

P9 P9 P9 P9 P9

P10 identifies and describes the evidence for evolution

P10 P10 P10 P10 P10

2 Generic Biology Unpacked Outcomes – HSC Course

Outcome Elementary Satisfactory Good Substantial Excellent In General – use these verbs in the creation of questions (from Assessment Support Document) NB underlined terms are not in this document

States, Defines, Demonstrates, Identifies, Explains, Outlines, Recalls, Collates , Selects

Applies, Describe, Extracts (information), Compares, Distinguishes, Interprets, Recounts, Summarises

Classifies, Compares, Accounts, Clarifies, Constructs, Contrasts, Deduces, Examines, Determines, Illustrates

Uses mathematical models, Analyses, Calculate, Discusses, Extrapolates, Investigates, Predicts, Designs

Evaluates, Synthesises, Critically (analyse/evaluate), Appreciates, Assesses, Justifies, Proposes, Recommends

H1 evaluates how major advances in scientific understanding and technology have changed the direction or n ature of scientific thinking

H1 States some of the ideas in biology

H1 Describes major concepts in biology mentioning people that first postulated them.

H1 Sequences the development of major concepts in biology noting contributions made to theories.

H1 Compares competing theories in the historical development of biology and how these theories changed scientists' ideas about their existing theories.

H1 Provides a detailed historical development of many concepts in biology describing how each concept influenced scientist and modified /revolutionised existing theories.

H2 analyses the ways in which models, theories and laws in biology have been tested and validated

H2 Identifies and describes simple variables and controls in experiments.

H2 Maintains all variables except one constant in experiments. Creates suitable controls in experiments

H2 Relates the results of an experiment to its aim. Accepts or discards theories on the basis of the results.

H2 Identifies and quantifies confounding variables in an experiment. Uses mathematical models to fit data.

H2 Analyses errors quantitatively. Uses the concept of null hypothesis or hypothesis testing to validate theories.

H3 assesses the impact of particular advances in biology on the development of technologies

H3 States some technological advances made through science.

H3 Explains the relevance of the advances to the scientific research.

H3 Compares other advances and demonstrates why a particular advance is useful in an area of scientific research.

H3 Justifies why a particular advance aids in scientific research using examples.

H3 Critically evaluates the usefulness of particular advances in specific areas of scientific research.

H4 assesses the impacts of applications of biology on society and the environment

H4 Identifies areas of society where science has made an impact.

H4 Gives and explains specific examples of the effect of science on society / environment.

H4 Distinguishes between the science and technology in an application in society or the environment.

H4 Quantitatively analyses the effect of scientific applications made in technology on society or the environment.

H4 Critically evaluates the costs and benefits of a scientific application on society or the environment.

H5 identifies possible future directions of biological research

H5 State some current scientific research and the trends they indicate.

H5 Suggests new avenues of research on the basis of current science.

H5 Describes how different lines of scientific research may converge to create new avenues.

H5 Predicts future science or technology on the basis of prior history using examples.

H5

H6 explains why the biochemical processes that occur in cells are related to macroscopic changes in the organism

H6 H6 H6 H6 H6

H7 analyses the impact of natural and human processes on biodiversity

H7 H7 H7 H7 H7

H8 evaluates the impact of human activity on the interactions of organisms and their environment

H8 H8 H8 H8 H8

H9 describes the mechanisms of inheritance in molecular terms

H9 H9 H9 H9 H9

H10 describes the mechanisms of evolution and assesses the impact of human activity on evolution

H10 H10 H10 H10 H10

3 Generic Chemistry Unpacked Outcomes – Preliminary Course

Outcome Elementary Satisfactory Good Substantial Excellent In General – use these verbs in the creation of questions (from Assessment Support Document) NB underlined terms are not in this document

States, Defines, Demonstrates, Identifies, Explains, Outlines, Recalls, Collates , Selects

Applies, Describe, Extracts (information), Compares, Distinguishes, Interprets, Recounts, Summarises

Classifies, Compares, Accounts, Clarifies, Constructs, Contrasts, Deduces, Examines, Determines, Illustrates

Uses mathematical models, Analyses, Calculate, Discusses, Extrapolates, Investigates, Predicts, Des igns

Evaluates, Synthesises, Critically (analyse/evaluate), Appreciates, Assesses, Justifies, Proposes, Recommends

P1. outlines the historical development of major principles, concepts and ideas in chemistry

P1 States some of the ideas in chemistry.

P1 Describes major concepts in biology mentioning people that first postulated them.

P1 Sequences the development of major concepts in chemistry

P1 Compares competing theories in the historical development of chemistry.

P1 Provides a detailed historical development of many concepts in biology describing how each concept outcompeted others.

P2. applies the processes that are used to test and validate models, theories and laws of science with particular emphasis on first-hand investigations in chemistry

P2 Identifies and describes simple variables and controls in experiments.

P2 Maintains all variables except one constant in experiments. Creates suitable controls in experiments

P2 Relates the results of an experiment to its aim. Accepts or discards theories on the basis of the results.

P2 Identifies and quantifies confounding variables in an experiment. Uses mathematical models to fit data.

P2 Analyses errors quantitatively. Uses the concept of null hypothesis or hypothesis testing to validate theories.

P3. assesses the impact of particular technological advances on understanding in chemistry

P3 States some technological advances.

P3 Explains the relevance of the advances to the scientific research.

P3 Compares other advances and demonstrates why a particular advance is useful in an area of scientific research.

P3 Justifies why a particular advance aids in scientific research using examples.

P3 Critically evaluates the usefulness of particular advances in specific areas of scientific research.

P4. describes applications of chemistry which affect society or the environment

P4 Identifies areas of society where science has made an impact.

P4 Gives and explains specific examples of the effect of science on society / environment.

P4 P4 P4

P5. describes the scientific principles employed in particular areas of research in chemistry

P5 States some basic principles used in research.

P5 Gives and explains specific examples of scientific principles used in research.

P5 P5 P5

P6 explains trends and relationships between elements in terms of atomic structure and bonding

P6 P6 P6 P6 P6

P7. describes chemical changes in terms of energy inputs and outputs

P7 P7 P7 P7 P7

P8. describes factors that influence the type and rate of chemical reactions

P8 P8 P8 P8 P8

P9. relates the uses of carbon to the unique nature of carbon chemistry

P9 P9 P9 P9 P9

P10. applies simple stoichiometric relationships

P10 P10 P10 P10 P10

4 Generic Chemistry Unpacked Outcomes – HSC Course

Outcome Elementary Satisfactory Good Substantial Excellent In General – use these verbs in the creation of questions (from Assessment Support Document) NB underlined terms are not in this document

States, Defines, Demonstrates, Identifies, Explains, Outlines, Recalls, Collates , Selects

Applies, Describe, Extracts (information), Compares, Distinguishes, Interprets, Recounts, Summarises

Classifies, Compares, Accounts, Clarifies, Constructs, Contrasts, Deduces, Examines, Determines, Illustrates

Uses mathematical models, Analyses, Calculate, Discusses, Extrapolates, Investigates, Predicts, Designs

Evaluates, Synthesises, Critically (analyse/evaluate), Appreciates, Assesses, Justifies, Proposes, Recommends

H1. evaluates how major advances in scientific understanding and technology have changed the direction or nature of scientific thinking

H1 States some of the ideas in chemistry

H1 Describes major concepts in chemistry mentioning people that first postulated them.

H1 Sequences the development of major concepts in chemistry noting contributions made to theories.

H1 Compares competing theories in the historical development of chemistry and how these theories changed scientists' ideas about their existing theories.

H1 Provides a detailed historical development of many concepts in chemistry describing how each concept influenced scientist and modified /revolutionised existing theories.

H2. analyses the ways in which models, theories and laws in chemistry have been tested and validated

H2 Identifies and describes simple variables and controls in experiments.

H2 Maintains all variables except one constant in experiments. Creates suitable controls in experiments

H2 Relates the results of an experiment to its aim. Accepts or discards theories on the basis of the results.

H2 Identifies and quantifies confounding variables in an experiment. Uses mathematical models to fit data.

H2 Analyses errors quantitatively. Uses the concept of null hypothesis or hypothesis testing to validate theories.

H3. assesses the impact of particular advances in chemistry on the development of technologies

H3 States some technological advances made through science.

H3 Explains the relevance of the advances to the scientific research.

H3 Compares other advances and demonstrates why a particular advance is useful in an area of scientific research.

H3 Justifies why a particular advance aids in scientific research using examples.

H3 Critically evaluates the usefulness of particular advances in specific areas of scientific research.

H4. assesses the impacts of applications of chemistry on society and the environment

H4 Identifies areas of society where science has made an impact.

H4 Gives and explains specific examples of the effect of science on society / environment.

H4 Distinguishes between the science and technology in an application in society or the environment.

H4 Quantitatively analyses the effect of scientific applications made in technology on society or the environment.

H4 Critically evaluates the costs and benefits of a scientific application on society or the environment.

H5. identifies possible future directions of chemical research

H5 State some current scientific research and the trends they indicate.

H5 Suggests new avenues of research on the basis of current science.

H5 Describes how different lines of scientific research may converge to create new avenues.

H5 Predicts future science or technology on the basis of prior history using examples.

H5

H6. explains reactions between elements and compounds in terms of atomic structures and periodicity

H6 H6 H6 H6 H6

H7. describes the chemical basis of energy transformations in chemical reactions

H7 H7 H7 H7 H7

H8. assesses the range of factors which influence the type and rate of chemical reactions

H8 H8 H8 H8 H8

H9. describes and predicts reactions involving carbon compounds

H9 H9 H9 H9 H9

H10. analyses stoichiometric relationships

H10 H10 H10 H10 H10

5 Generic Cognitive Science and Learning Unpacked Outcomes – Preliminary Course

Outcome Elementary Satisfactory Good Substantial Excellent In General – use these verbs in the creation of questions (from Assessment Support Document) NB underlined terms are not in this document

States, Defines, Demonstrates, Identifies, Explains, Outlines, Recalls, Collates , Selects

Applies, Describe, Extracts (information), Compares, Distinguishes, Interprets, Recounts, Summarises

Classifies, Compares, Accounts, Clarifies, Constructs, Contrasts, Deduces, Examines, Determines, Illustrates

Uses mathematical models, Analyses, Calculate, Discusses, Extrapolates, Investigates, Predicts, Designs

Evaluates, Synthesises , Critically (analyse/evaluate), Appreciates, Assesses, Justifies, Proposes, Recommends

P1. outlines the historical development of scientific principles, concepts and ideas

P1 States some of the ideas in science

P1 Describes major concepts in biology mentioning people that first postulated them.

P1 Sequences the development of major concepts in science

P1 Compares competing theories in the historical development of science.

P1 Provides a detailed historical development of many concepts in biology describing how each concept outcompeted others.

P2. applies the processes that are used to test and validate models, theories and laws of science, with particular emphasis on first-hand investigations

P2 Identifies and describes simple variables and controls in experiments.

P2 Maintains all variables except one constant in experiments. Creates suitable controls in experiments

P2 Relates the results of an experiment to its aim. Accepts or discards theories on the basis of the results.

P2 Identifies and quantifies confounding variables in an experiment. Uses mathematical models to fit data.

P2 Analyses errors quantitatively. Uses the concept of null hypothesis or hypothesis testing to validate theories.

P3. assesses the impact of particular technological advances on science

P3 States some technological advances.

P3 Explains the relevance of the advances to the scientific research.

P3 Compares other advances and demonstrates why a particular advance is useful in an area of scientific research.

P3 Justifies why a particular advance aids in scientific research using examples.

P3 Critically evaluates the usefulness of particular advances in specific areas of scientific research.

P4. identifies applications of science that affect society and the environment

P4 Identifies areas of society where science has made an impact.

P4 Gives and explains specific examples of the effect of science on society / environment.

P4 P4 P4

P5. identifies areas of current scientific research

P5 States some basic principles used in research.

P5 Gives and explains specific examples of scientific principles used in research.

P5 P5 P5

P6. P6 P6 P6 P6 P6 P7. P7 P7 P7 P7 P7 P8. P8 P8 P8 P8 P8 P9. P9 P9 P9 P9 P9 P10. P10 P10 P10 P10 P10

6 Generic Cognitive Science and Learning Unpacked Outcomes – HSC Course

Outcome Elementary Satisfactory Good Substantial Excellent In General – use these verbs in the creation of questions (from Assessment Support Document) NB underlined terms are not in this document

States, Defines, Demonstrates, Identifies, Explains, Outlines, Recalls, Collates , Selects

Applies, Describe, Extracts (information), Compares, Distinguishes, Interprets, Recounts, Summarises

Classifies, Compares, Accounts, Clarifies, Constructs, Contrasts, Deduces, Examines, Determines, Illustrates

Uses mathematical models, Analyses, Calculate, Discusses, Extrapolates, Investigates, Predicts, Designs

Evaluates, Synthesises, Critically (analyse/evaluate), Appreciates, Assesses, Justifies, Proposes, Recommends

H1. discusses advances in scientific understanding and technology that have changed the direction or nature of scientific thinking

H1 States some of the ideas in science

H1 Describes major concepts in science mentioning people that first postulated them.

H1 Sequences the development of major concepts in science noting contributions made to theories.

H1 Compares competing theories in the historical development of science and how these theories changed scientists' ideas about their existing theories.

H1 Provides a detailed historical development of many concepts in science describing how each concept influenced scientist and modified /revolutionised existing theories.

H2. applies the processes that are used to test and validate models, theories and laws, to investigations

H2 Identifies and describes simple variables and controls in experiments.

H2 Maintains all variables except one constant in experiments. Creates suitable controls in experiments

H2 Relates the results of an experiment to its aim. Accepts or discards theories on the basis of the results.

H2 Identifies and quantifies confounding variables in an experiment. Uses mathematical models to fit data.

H2 Analyses errors quantitatively. Uses the concept of null hypothesis or hypothesis testing to validate theories.

H3. assesses the contribution of scientific advances on the development of technologies

H3 States some technological advances made through science.

H3 Explains the relevance of the advances to the scientific research.

H3 Compares other advances and demonstrates why a particular advance is useful in an area of scientific research.

H3 Justifies why a particular advance aids in scientific research using examples.

H3 Critically evaluates the usefulness of particular advances in specific areas of scientific research.

H4. assesses the impacts of applications of science on society and the environment

H4 Identifies areas of society where science has made an impact.

H4 Gives and explains specific examples of the effect of science on society / environment.

H4 Distinguishes between the science and technology in an application in society or the environment.

H4 Quantitatively analyses the effect of scientific applications made in technology on society or the environment.

H4 Critically evaluates the costs and benefits of a scientific application on society or the environment.

H5. describes possible future directions of scientific research

H5 State some current scientific research and the trends they indicate.

H5 Suggests new avenues of research on the basis of current science.

H5 Describes how different lines of scientific research may converge to create new avenues.

H5 Predicts future science or technology on the basis of prior history using examples.

H5

H6. H6 H6 H6 H6 H6 H7. H7 H7 H7 H7 H7 H8. H8 H8 H8 H8 H8 H9. H9 H9 H9 H9 H9 H10. H10 H10 H10 H10 H10

7 Generic Earth & Environmental Science Unpacked Outcomes – Preliminary Course

Outcome Elementary Satisfactory Good Substantial Excellent In General – use these verbs in the creation of questions (from Assessment Support Do cument) NB underlined terms are not in this document

States, Defines, Demonstrates, Identifies, Explains, Outlines, Recalls, Collates , Selects

Applies, Describe, Extracts (information), Compares, Distinguishes, Interprets, Recounts, Summarises

Classifies, Compares, Accounts, Clarifies, Constructs, Contrasts, Deduces, Examines, Determines, Illustrates

Uses mathematical models, Analyses, Calculate, Discusses, Extrapolates, Investigates, Predicts, Designs

Evaluates, Synthesises, Critically (analyse/evaluate), Appreciates, Assesses, Justifies, Proposes, Recommends

P1 outlines the historical development of major Earth and Environmental Science principles, concepts and ideas

P1 States some of the ideas in science

P1 Describes major concepts in biology mentioning people that first postulated them.

P1 Sequences the development of major concepts in chemistry

P1 Compares competing theories in the historical development of chemistry.

P1 Provides a detailed historical development of many concepts in biology describing how each concept outcompeted others.

P2 applies the processes that are used to test and validate models, theories and laws of science with particular emphasis on first-hand investigations in Earth and Environmental Science

P2 Identifies and describes simp le variables and controls in experiments.

P2 Maintains all variables except one constant in experiments. Creates suitable controls in experiments

P2 Relates the results of an experiment to its aim. Accepts or discards theories on the basis of the results .

P2 Identifies and quantifies confounding variables in an experiment. Uses mathematical models to fit data.

P2 Analyses errors quantitatively. Uses the concept of null hypothesis or hypothesis testing to validate theories.

P3 assesses the impact of particular technological advances on understanding in Earth and Environmental Science

P3 States some technological advances.

P3 Explains the relevance of the advances to the scientific research.

P3 Compares other advances and demonstrates why a particular advance is useful in an area of scientific research.

P3 Justifies why a particular advance aids in scientific research using examples.

P3 Critically evaluates the usefulness of particular advances in specific areas of scientific research.

P4 describes applications of Earth and Environmental Science which affect society or the environment

P4 Identifies areas of society where science has made an impact.

P4 Gives and explains specific examples of the effect of science on society / environment.

P4 P4 P4

P5 describes the scientific principles employed in particular areas of Earth and Environmental Science research

P5 States some basic principles used in research.

P5 Gives and explains specific examples of scientific principles used in research.

P5 P5 P5

P6 identifies the origins of Earth’s resources

P6 P6 P6 P6 P6

P7 identifies and describes the physical and chemical features of the environment

P7 P7 P7 P7 P7

P8 discusses the interplay between the internal and external forces which constantly reshape the Earth’s surface

P8 P8 P8 P8 P8

P9 describes and locates available resources in Australian environments

P9 P9 P9 P9 P9

P10 describes human impact on the local environment

P10 P10 P10 P10 P10

8 Generic Earth & Environmental Science Unpacked Outcomes – HSC Course

Outcome Elementary Satisfactory Good Substantial Excellent In General – use these verbs in the creation of questions (from Assessment Support Document) NB underlined terms are not in this document

States, Defines, Demonstrates, Identifies, Explains, Outlines, Recalls, Collates , Selects

Applies, Describe, Extracts (information), Compares, Distinguishes, Interprets, Recounts, Summarises

Classifies, Compares, Accounts, Clarifies, Constructs, Contrasts, Deduces, Examines, Determines, Illustrates

Uses mathema tical models, Analyses, Calculate, Discusses, Extrapolates, Investigates, Predicts, Designs

Evaluates, Synthesises, Critically (analyse/evaluate), Appreciates, Assesses, Justifies, Proposes, Recommends

H1 evaluates how major advances in scientific understanding or technology have changed the direction or nature of scientific thinking

H1 States some of the ideas in science

H1 Describes major concepts in science mentioning people that first postulated them.

H1 Sequences the development of major concepts in science noting contributions made to theories.

H1 Compares competing theories in the historical development of science and how these theories changed scientists' ideas about their existing theories.

H1 Provides a detailed historical development of many concepts in science describing how each concept influenced scientist and modified /revolutionised existing theories.

H2 analyses the ways in which models, theories and laws in Earth and Environmental Science have been tested and validated

H2 Identifies and describes simple variables and controls in experiments.

H2 Maintains all variables except one constant in experiments. Creates suitable controls in experiments

H2 Relates the results of an experiment to its aim. Accepts or discards theories on the basis of the results.

H2 Identifies and quantifies confounding variables in an experiment. Uses mathematical models to fit data.

H2 Analyses errors quantitatively. Uses the concept of null hypothesis or hypothesis testing to validate theories.

H3 assesses the impact of particular advances in Earth and Environmental Science on the development of technologies

H3 States some technological advances made through science.

H3 Explains the relevance of the advances to the scientific research.

H3 Compares other advances and demonstrates why a particular advance is useful in an area of scientific research.

H3 Justifies why a particular advance aids in scientific research using examples.

H3 Critically evaluates the usefulness of particular advances in specific areas of scientific research.

H4 assesses the impact of applications of Earth and Environmental Science on society and the environment

H4 Identifies areas of society where science has made an impact.

H4 Gives and explains specific examples of the effect of science on society / environment.

H4 Distinguishes between the science and technology in an application in society or the environment.

H4 Quantitatively analyses the effect of scientific applications made in technology on society or the environment.

H4 Critically evaluates the costs and benefits of a scientific application on society or the environment.

H5 identifies possible future directions of Earth and Environmental Science research

H5 State some current scientific research and the trends they indicate.

H5 Suggests new avenues of research on the basis of current science.

H5 Describes how different lines of scientific research may converge to create new avenues.

H5 Predicts future science or technology on the basis of prior history using examples.

H5

H6 evaluates the use of the Earth’s resources

H6 H6 H6 H6 H6

H7 discusses geological, biological, physical and chemical evidence of the evolving Australian and world environments

H7 H7 H7 H7 H7

H9 evaluates the impact of resources utilisation on the Australian environment

H9 H9 H9 H9 H9

H10 assesses the effects of current pressures on the Australian environment

H10 H10 H10 H10 H10

9 Generic Physics Unpacked Outcomes – Preliminary Course

Outcome Elementary Satisfactory Good Substantial Excellent In General – use these verbs in the creation of questions (from Assessment Support Document) NB underlined terms are not in this document

States, Defines, Demonstrates, Identifies, Explains, Outlines, Recalls, Collates , Selects

Applies, Describe, Extracts (information), Compares, Distinguishes, Interprets, Recounts, Summarises

Classifies, Compares, Accounts, Clarifies, Constructs, Contrasts, Deduces, Examines, Determines, Illustrates

Uses mathematical models, Analyses, Calculate, Discusses, Extrapolates, Investigates, Predicts, Designs

Evaluates, Synthesises, Critically (analyse/evaluate), Appreciates, Assesses, Justifies, Proposes, Recommends

P1 outlines the historical development of major principles, concepts and ideas in physics

P1 States some of the ideas in physics

P1 Describes major concepts in biology mentioning people that first postulated them.

P1 Sequences the development of major concepts in physics.

P1 Compares competing theories in the historical development of physics.

P1 Provides a detailed historical development of many concepts in biology describing how each concept outcompeted others.

P2 applies the processes that are used to test and validate models, theories and laws of science with particular emphasis on first-hand investigations in physics

P2 Identifies and describes simple variables and controls in experiments.

P2 Maintains all variables except one constant in experiments. Creates suitable controls in experiments

P2 Relates the results of an experiment to its aim. Accepts or discards theories on the basis of the results.

P2 Identifies and quantifies confounding variables in an experiment. Uses mathematical models to fit data.

P2 Analyses errors quantitatively. Uses the concept of null hypothesis or hypothesis testing to validate theories.

P3 assesses the impact of particular technological advances on understanding in physics

P3 States some technological advances.

P3 Explains the relevance of the advances to the scientific research.

P3 Compares other advances and demonstrates why a particular advance is useful in an area of scientific research.

P3 Justifies why a particular advance aids in scientific research using examples.

P3 Critically evaluates the usefulness of particular advances in specific areas of scientific research.

P4 describes applications of physics which affect society or the environment

P4 Identifies areas of society where science has made an impact.

P4 Gives and explains specific examples of the effect of science on society / environment.

P4 P4 P4

P5 describes the scientific principles employed in particular areas of physics research

P5 States some basic principles used in research.

P5 Gives and explains specific examples of scientific principles used in research.

P5 P5 P5

P6 describes the forces acting on an object which cause changes in its motion

P6 States that a force changes an object's direction.

P6 Resolves forces on an object individually.

P6 P6 P6

P7 describes the effects of energy transfers and energy transformations

P7 Identifies types of energy and states that energy is conserved.

P7 Describes how energy is transformed.

P7 P7 P7

P8 explains wave motions in terms of energy sources and the oscillations produced

P8 Recalls that waves are a form of energy and outlines the basic principles of wave motion.

P8 Distinguishes diffe rent features of wave motion and applies these to oscillations.

P8 P8 P8

P9 describes the relationship between force and potential energy in fields

P9 States how object move under the influence of forces, energy and fields.

P9 Describes quantitatively relationships between force, energy and fields.

P9 P9 P9

P10 describes theories and models in relation to the origins of matter and relates these to the forces involved

P10 Outlines some theories about the origins of matter.

P10 Applies theories of forces to explain how matter is formed.

P10 P10 P10

10 Generic Physics Unpacked Outcomes – HSC Course

Outcome Elementary Satisfactory Good Substantial Excellent In General – use these verbs in the creation of questions (from Assessment Support Document) NB underlined terms are not in this document

States, Defines, Demonstrates, Identifies, Explains, Outlines, Recalls, Collates , Selects

Applies, Describe, Extracts (information), Compares, Distinguishes, Interprets, Recounts, Summarises

Classifies, Compares, Accounts, Clarifies, Constructs, Contrasts, Deduces, Examines, Determines, Illustrates

Uses mathematical models, Analyses, Calculate, Discusses, Extrapolates, Investigates, Predicts, Designs

Evaluates, Synthesises, Critically (analyse/evaluate), Appreciates, Assesses, Justifies, Proposes, Recommends

H1 evaluates how major advances in scientific understanding and technology have changed the direction or nature of scientific thinking

H1 States some of the ideas in physics

H1 Describes major concepts in physics mentioning people that first postulated them.

H1 Sequences the development of major concepts in physics noting contributions made to theories.

H1 Compares competing theories in the historical development of physics and how these theories changed scientists' ideas about their existing theories.

H1 Provides a detailed historical development of many concepts in physics describing how each concept influenced scientist and modified /revolutionised existing theories.

H2 analyses the ways in which models, theories and laws in physics have been tested and validated

H2 Identifies and describes simple variables.

H2 Describes variables relevant to the accuracy of experimental outcomes.

H2 Explains the impact of variables on the accuracy of experimental results.

H2 Relates the results of an experiment to its aim. Uses mathematical models to apply first hand data.

H2 Accepts or discards theories on the basis of the results by analysing the ways in which this investigation tests and validates models, theories and laws.

H3 assesses the impact of particular advances in physics on the development of technologies

H3 States some technological advances made through science.

H3 Explains the relevance of the advances to the scientific research.

H3 Compares other advances and demonstrates why a particular advance is useful in an area of scientific research.

H3 Justifies why a particular advance aids in scientific research using examples.

H3 Critically evaluates the usefulness of particular advances in specific areas of scientific research.

H4 assesses the impact of applications of physics on society and the environment

H4 Identifies areas of society where science has made an impact.

H4 Gives and explains specific examples of the effect of science on society / environment.

H4 Distinguishes between the science and technology in an application in society or the environment.

H4 Quantitatively analyses the effect of scientific applications made in technology on society or the environment.

H4 Critically evaluates the costs and benefits of a scientific application on society or the environment.

H5 identifies possible future directions of physics research

H5 State some current scientific research and the trends they indicate.

H5 Suggests new avenues of research on the basis of current science.

H5 Describes how different lines of scientific research may converge to create new avenues.

H5 Predicts future science or technology on the basis of prior history using examples.

H5 Evaluates the potential of future technology in social, technical and environmental terms.

H6 explains events in terms of Newton’s Laws, Law of Conservation of Momentum and relativity

H6 States Newton's Laws of Motion, Conservation laws and basic principles of relativity.

H6 Describes qualitatively situations where Newton's Law of Motion, Conservation laws or relativity apply, giving examples.

H6 Describes quantitatively situations where Newton's Law of Motion, Conservation laws or relativity apply, giving numerical examples where appropriate.

H6 H6

H7 explains the effect of energy transfers and transformation

H7 Outlines the basic principles of energy transfers and transformations.

H7 Describes specific examples of energy transfers and transformations qualitatively.

H7 Describes specific examples of energy transfers and transformations quantitatively.

H7 Relates the effect if energy transfers and transformation to conservation laws.

H7

H8 analyses wave interactions and explains the effects of those interactions

H8 States the properties and characteristics of waves.

H8 Describes how waves interact qualitatively.

H8 Quantitatively examines wave interactions in specific situations.

H8 Quantitatively analyses wave interactions to examine the nature of such interactions.

H8

H9 explains the effects of electric, magnetic and gravitational fields

H9 Outlines the basic nature of electric, magnetic and gravitational fields.

H9 Applies the idea of "field" to particles moving within a field qualitatively.

H9 Applies the idea of "field" to particles moving within a field quantitatively.

H9 Analyses the factors that affect a field.

H9

H10 describes the nature of electromagnetic radiation and matter in terms of the particles

H10 Defines the nature of electromagnetic radiation using a wave model and for matter using a particle model.

H10 Applies the wave model of electromagnetic radiation and the particle theory of matter in explaining phenomena.

H10 Quantitatively applies the wave model of electromagnetic radiation and the particle theory of matter in explaining phenomena.

H10 Describes reality in terms of wave-particle duality qualitatively.

H10 Describes reality in terms of wave-particle duality quantitatively.

11 Generic Senior Science Unpacked Outcomes – Preliminary Course

Outcome Elementary Satisfactory Good Substantial Excellent In General – use these verbs in the creation of questions (from Assessment Support Document) NB underlined terms are not in this document

States, Defines, Demonstrates, Identifies, Explains, Outlines, Recalls, Collates , Selects

Applies, Describe, Extracts (information), Compares, Distinguishes, Interprets, Recounts, Summarises

Classifies, Compares, Accounts, Clarifies, Constructs, Contrasts, Deduces, Examines, Determines, Illustrates

Uses mathematical models, Analyses, Calculate, Discusses, Extrapolates, Investigates, Predicts, Designs

Evaluates, Synthesises, Critically (analyse/evaluate), Appreciates, Assesses, Justifies, Proposes, Recommends

P1. outlines the historical development of scientific principles, concepts and ideas

P1 States some of the ideas in science

P1 Describes major concepts in biology mentioning people that first postulated them.

P1 Sequences the development of major concepts in science

P1 Compares competing theories in the historical development of science.

P1 Provides a detailed historical development of many concepts in biology describing how each concept outcompeted others.

P2. applies the processes that are used to test and validate models, theories and laws of science, with particular emphasis on first-hand investigations

P2 Identifies and describes simple variables and controls in experiments.

P2 Maintains all variables except one constant in experiments. Creates suitable controls in experiments

P2 Relates the results of an experiment to its aim. Accepts or discards theories on the bas is of the results.

P2 Identifies and quantifies confounding variables in an experiment. Uses mathematical models to fit data.

P2 Analyses errors quantitatively. Uses the concept of null hypothesis or hypothesis testing to validate theories.

P3. assesses the impact of particular technological advances on science

P3 States some technological advances.

P3 Explains the relevance of the advances to the scientific research.

P3 Compares other advances and demonstrates why a particular advance is useful in an area of scientific research.

P3 Justifies why a particular advance aids in scientific research using examples.

P3 Critically evaluates the usefulness of particular advances in specific areas of scientific research.

P4. identifies applications of science that affect society and the environment

P4 Identifies areas of society where science has made an impact.

P4 Gives and explains specific examples of the effect of science on society / environment.

P4 P4 P4

P5. identifies areas of current scientific research

P5 States some basic principles used in research.

P5 Gives and explains specific examples of scientific principles used in research.

P5 P5 P5

P6. identifies the origins of Earth’s resources

P6 P6 P6 P6 P6

P7. explains relationships between organisms in the environment

P7 P7 P7 P7 P7

P8. describes reactions between compounds

P8 P8 P8 P8 P8

P9. describes the structure of body organs and systems

P9 P9 P9 P9 P9

P10. describes the effect of energy transfers and transformations

P10 P10 P10 P10 P10

12 Generic Senior Science Unpacked Outcomes – HSC Course

Outcome Elementary Satisfactory Good Substantial Excellent In General – use these verbs in the creation of questions (from Assessment Support Document) NB underlined terms are not in this document

States, Defines, Demonstrates, Identifies, Explains, Outlines, Recalls, Collates , Selects

Applies, Describe, Extracts (information), Compares, Distinguishes, Interprets, Recounts, Summarises

Classifies, Compares, Accounts, Clarifies, Constructs, Contrasts, Deduces, Examines, Determines, Illustrates

Uses mathematical models, Analyses, Calculate, Discusses, Extrapolates, Investigates, Predicts, Designs

Evaluates, Synthesises, Critically (analyse/evaluate), Appreciates, Assesses, Justifies, Proposes, Recommends

H1. discusses advances in scientific understanding and technology that have changed the direction or nature of scientific thinking

H1 States some of the ideas in science

H1 Describes major concepts in science mentioning people that first postulated them.

H1 Sequences the development of major concepts in science noting contributions made to theories.

H1 Compares competing theories in the historical development of science and how these theories changed scientists' ideas about their existing theories.

H1 Provides a detailed historical development of many concepts in science describing how each concept influenced scientist and modified /revolutionised existing theories.

H2. applies the processes that are used to test and validate models, theories and laws, to investigations

H2 Identifies and describes simple variables and controls in experiments.

H2 Maintains all variables except one constant in experiments. Creates suitable controls in experiments

H2 Relates the results of an experiment to its aim. Accepts or discards theories on the basis of the results.

H2 Identifies and quantifies confounding variables in an experiment. Uses mathematical models to fit data.

H2 Analyses errors quantitatively. Uses the concept of null hypothesis or hypothesis testing to validate theories.

H3. assesses the contribution of scientific advances on the development of technologies

H3 States some technological advances made through science.

H3 Explains the relevance of the advances to the scientific research.

H3 Compares other advances and demonstrates why a particular advance is useful in an area of scientific research.

H3 Justifies why a particular advance aids in scientific research using examples.

H3 Critically evaluates the usefulness of particular advances in specific areas of scientific research.

H4. assesses the impacts of applications of science on society and the environment

H4 Identifies areas of society where science has made an impact.

H4 Gives and explains specific examples of the effect of science on society / environment.

H4 Distinguishes between the science and technology in an application in society or the environment.

H4 Quantitatively analyses the effect of scientific applications made in technology on society or the environment.

H4 Critically evaluates the costs and benefits of a scientific application on society or the environment.

H5. describes possible future directions of scientific research

H5 State some current scientific research and the trends they indicate.

H5 Suggests new avenues of research on the basis of current science.

H5 Describes how different lines of scientific research may converge to create new avenues.

H5 Predicts future science or technology on the basis of prior history using examples.

H5

H6. describes uses of the Earth’s resources

H6 H6 H6 H6 H6

H7. identifies effects of internal and external environmental changes on the human body

H7 H7 H7 H7 H7

H8. relates the properties of chemicals to their use

H8 H8 H8 H8 H8

H9. relates the structure of body organs and systems to their function

H9 H9 H9 H9 H9

H10. discusses ways in which different forms of energy and energy transfers and transformations are used

H10 H10 H10 H10 H10

13

Outcome Elementary Satisfactory Good Substantial Excellent P11 identifies and implements improvements to investigation plans

11.1 identify data sources to:

a) analyse complex problems to determine appropriate ways in which each aspect may be researched

P11.1a Identifies large problem and describes it concisely.

P11.1a Breaks large problem into smaller, discrete problems.

P11.1a Classifies each component of the problem according to its level of difficulty and constructs solutions to each.

P11.1a Integrates the solution of each component of a complex problem into a meaningful relationship or single entity.

P11.1a

b) determine the type of data that needs to be collected and explain the qualitative or quantitative analysis that will be required for this data to be useful

P11.1b Identifies types of data that need to be collected.

P11.1b Explains the qualitative analysis that is needed to process the data.

P11.1b Explains the quantitative analysis that is needed to process the data.

P11.1b P11.1b

c) identify the orders of magnitude that will be appropriate and the uncertainty that may be present in the measurement of data

P11.1c Correctly represent numbers using scientific notation.

P11.1c P11.1c P11.1c P11.1c

d) identify and use correct units for data that will be collected

P11.1d Use correct units for physical quantities.

P11.1d P11.1d P11.1d P11.1d

e) recommend the use of an appropriate technology or strategy for data collection or gathering information that will assist efficient future analysis

P11.1e Identify types of data to be collected.

P11.1e Apply appropriate technologies to collect or gather information.

P11.1e Compares the use of different types of technologies to collect or gather information.

P11.1e Analyses the effectiveness of each type of technology in collecting or gathering information.

P11.1e Evaluates the best technology to gather a particular item of data.

11.2 plan first-hand investigations to:

a) demonstrate the use of the terms ‘dependent’ and ‘independent’ to describe variables involved in the investigation

P11.2a Define / Use the terms "dependent" and "independent" as they apply to experimental investigations.

P11.2a Correctly distinguish between dependent and independent variables in an experimental investigation.

P11.2a P11.2a P11.2a

b) identify variables that need to be kept constant, develop strategies to ensure that these variables are kept constant, and demonstrate the use of a control

P11.2b Identify controls in an experimental investigation.

P11.2b Describe conditions necessary in an experimental investigation to keep variables constant.

P11.2b Construct conditions where only one variable can change in an experimental investigation.

P11.2b P11.2a

c) design investigations that allow valid and reliable data and information to be collected

P11.2c Manipulate equipment so as to minimize systematic errors to obtain valid results.

P11.2c Repeat trials o r investigations to ensure reliable data.

P11.2c Examine the use of variables in an experimental investigation to ensure that data collected is valid/reliable.

P11.2c Analyse an experimental method to ensure that the design of the experiment allows valid and reliable data.

P11.2c Justify an experimental method in terms of the validity and reliability of the data obtained.

d) describe and trial procedures to undertake investigations and explain why a procedure, or a sequence of procedures or the repetition of procedures is appropriate

P11.2d Outline a basic experimental procedure to carry out an investigation.

P11.2d Distinguish between procedures that achieve different outcomes.

P11.2d Examine a procedure to establish if it requires a sequence or iteration in order to achieve a desired outcome.

P11.2d P11.2d

e) predict possible issues that may arise during the course of an investigation and identify strategies to address these issues if necessary

P11.2e State some issues that may arise in the course of an experimental investigation.

P11.2e Describe how these issues may affect the outcome of the experimental investigation.

P11.2e Accounts for these issues in the course of the experimental investigation.

P11.2e Analyses the effectiveness of strategies implemented to account for issues in an experimental investigation.

P11.2e

14 Outcome Elementary Satisfactory Good Substantial Excellent

11.3 choose equipment or resources by:

a) identifying and/or setting up the most appropriate equipment or combination of equipment needed to undertake the investigation

P11.3a Identify equipment needed to carry out an experimental investigation.

P11.3a Correctly set up equipment to carry out an experimental investigation.

P11.3a P11.3a P11.3a

b) carrying out a risk assessment of intended experimental procedures and identifying and addressing potential hazards

P11.3b Identify some (a minority) risks involved in carrying out an experimental investigation.

P11.3b Identify most of the risks involved in carrying out an experimental investigation.

P11.3b Describe the nature of each risk in an experimental investigation.

P11.3b Classifies risks according to their significance in an experimental investigation according to danger.

P11.3b Designs appropriate risk management strategies to minimize hazards during an experimental investigation.

c) identifying technology that could be used during investigations and determining its suitability and effectiveness for its potential role in the procedure or investigations

P11.3c Outlines technologies that can be utilized to perform an experimental investigation.

P11.3c Compares different technologies that can be utilized to perform an experimental investigation.

P11.3c Determines the suitability of a particular technology to perform an experimental investigation.

P11.3c Discusses the usefulness of applying a particular technology in an experimental investigation.

P11.3c Justifies the use of a particular technology in an experimental investigation.

d) recognising the difference between destructive and non-destructive testing of material and analysing potentially different results of these two procedures

P11.3d Demonstrates an understanding of the difference between destructive and non-destructive testing.

P11.3d Describes procedures for both destructive and non-destructive testing.

P11.3d Contrasts destructive and non-destructive testing in terms of the type of results that may be obtained.

P11.3d Discusses the differences in results between destructive and non-destructive testing.

P11.3d

P12 discusses the validity and reliability of data gathered from first-hand investigations and secondary sources

12.1 perform first-hand investigations by:

a) carrying out the planned procedure, recognising where and when modifications are needed and analysing the effect of these adjustments

P12.1a Follows a planned procedure.

P12.1 a Identifies steps in a planned procedure that are not suitable or safe.

P12.1a Modifies steps in a planned procedure to more efficiently or safely carry out the procedure.

P12.1a Discusses the reasons for a modification to a planned procedure.

P12.1a

b) Efficiently undertaking the planned procedure to minimise hazards and wastage of resources

P12.1b Follows a planned procedure using quantities stated in the procedure.

P12.1b Identifies and describes safety and use of chemicals issues in a planned procedure.

P12.1b Modifies a planned procedure to minimize hazards and wastage of resources.

P12.1b P12.1b

c) disposing of any waste materials produced carefully and safely during the investigation

P12.1c Disposes of any waste materials produced carefully and safely during the investigation.

P12.1c P12.1c P12.1c P12.1c

d) identifying and using safe work practices during investigations

P12.1d Identifies safe work practices during investigations.

P12.1d Uses safe work practices during investigations.

P12.1d P12.1d P12.1d

15 Outcome Elementary Satisfactory Good Substantial Excellent

12.2 gather first-hand information by:

a) using appropriate data collection techniques, employing appropriate technologies, including data loggers and sensors

P12.2a Identifies appropriate data collection techniques, including data loggers and sensors.

P12.2a Employs appropriate data collection techniques, including data loggers and sensors.

P12.2a P12.2a P12.2a

b) measuring, observing and recording results in accessible and recognisable forms, carrying out repeat trials as appropriate

P12.2b Measures, observes and records results.

P12.2b Measures, observes and records results in accessible and recognizable forms.

P12.2b Repeat trials of measurements to obtain valid and reliable results.

P12.2b P12.2b

12.3 gather information from secondary sources by:

a) accessing information from a range of resources, including popular scientific journals, digital technologies and the Internet

P12.3a Identifies information from a range of resources, including popular scientific journals, digital technologies and the internet.

P12.3a Accesses information from a range of resources, including popular scientific journals, digital technologies and the internet.

P12.3a P12.3a P12.3a

b) practising efficient data collection techniques to identify useful information in secondary sources

P12.3b Discerns between useful and useless information in secondary sources.

P12.3b Correctly records references to secondary resources.

P12.3b Applies and filters information from secondary sources.

P12.3b P12.3b

c) extracting information from numerical data in graphs and tables as well as from written and spoken material in all its forms

P12.3c Identifies and extracts information from numerical data in graphs and tables as well as from written and spoken material in all its forms

P12.3c Interpolates and extrapolates information from numerical data in graphs and tables as well as from written and spoken material in all its forms

P12.3c Applies information from numerical data in graphs and tables as well as from written and spoken material in all its forms

P12.3c P12.3c

d) summarising and collating information from a range of sources

P12.3d Summarises and collates information from a range of sources.

P12.3d P12.3d P12.3d P12.3d

e) identifying practising male and female Australian scientists, the areas in which they are currently working and information about their research

P12.3e Identifies Australian scientists, the areas in which they are working and information about their research.

P12.3e P12.3e P12.3e P12.3e

16 Outcome Elementary Satisfactory Good Substantial Excellent

12.4 process information to:

a) assess the accuracy of any measurements and calculations and the relative importance of the data and information gathered

P12.4a Obtains measurements correctly without random or systematic errors.

P12.4a Manipulates measurements to obtain secondary data.

P12.4a Performs calculations on measurements.

P12.4a Assesses the accuracy of measurements and data obtained by comparison to common experience.

P12.4a Evaluates the significance of data obtained in terms of its validity and reliability.

b) identify and apply relevant mathematical formulae and concepts

P12.4b Identify situations where a formula may be required.

P12.4b Obtain the correct formula for a given situation.

P12.4b Correctly apply a formula to a given situation.

P12.4b Manipulate formulae to obtain new equations.

P12.4b

c) illustrate trends and patterns by organising data through the selection and use of appropriate methods, including computer assisted analysis

P12.4c Identify trends and patterns in data sets.

P12.4c Numerically correlate trends and patterns using methods such as line of best fit, curve fitting, etc.

P12.4c Apply mathematical and statistical procedures to obtain parameters for trends such as gradient, mean, etc.

P12.4c Analyse data to obtain trends and patterns that may not be evident on casual analysis.

P12.4c

d) evaluate the validity of first-hand and secondary information and data in relation to the area of investigation

P12.4d Gather first-hand and secondary information and data from a variety of sources

P12.4d Rearrange first-hand and secondary information into an acceptable format.

P12.4d Compare first-hand and secondary information and data from a variety of sources

P12.4d Analyse whether first-hand and secondary information and data is valid.

P12.4d Evaluate the validity of first hand and secondary data and information.

e) assess the reliability of first-hand and secondary information and data by considering information from various sources

P12.4e Gather first-hand and secondary information and data from a variety of sources

P12.4e Rearrange first-hand and secondary information into an acceptable format.

P12.4e Compare first-hand and secondary information and data from a variety of sources

P12.4e Analyse whether first-hand and secondary information and data is valid.

P12.4e Evaluate the validity of first hand and secondary data and information.

f) assess the accuracy of scientific information presented in mass media by comparison with similar information presented in scientific journals

P12.4f Gather scientific information presented in mass media and in scientific journals.

P12.4f Summarise the scientific information presented in mass media and in scientific journals.

P12.4f Compare scientific information presented in mass media and in scientific journals.

P12.4f Discuss the reliability of scientific information presented in mass media and in scientific journals.

P12.4f Assesses scientific information presented in mass media and in scientific journals in terms of accuracy.

P13 identifies appropriate terminology and reporting styles to communicate information and understanding in biology

13.1 present information by:

a) selecting and using appropriate text types or combinations thereof, for oral and written presentations

P13.1a Select a text type suitable for a piece of writing or oral tasks.

P13.1a Use composite text types correctly.

P13.1a P13.1a P13.1a

b) selecting and using appropriate media to present data and information

P13.1b Identify suitable media for a given task.

P13.1b Arrange data and information to suit a medium.

P13.1b Utilise the features of a medium to present data and information.

P13.1b P13.1b

c) selecting and using appropriate methods to acknowledge sources of information

P13.1c Create a bibliography using an acceptable format.

P13.1c Use in-text referencing of sources.

P13.1c P13.1c P13.1c

d) using symbols and formulae to express relationships and using appropriate units for physical quantities

P13.1d Use symbols and formulae to express relationships and using appropriate units for physical quantities.

P13.1d P13.1d P13.1d P13.1d

17 Outcome Elementary Satisfactory Good Substantial Excellent

e) using a variety of pictorial representations to show relationships and presenting information clearly and succinctly

P13.1e Draw accurately labelled diagrams concisely and neatly.

P13.1e Use pictorial representations such as flow charts, Venn d iagrams, etc. to display information.

P13.1e P13.1e P13.1e

f) selecting and drawing appropriate graphs to convey information and relationships clearly and accurately

P13.1f Identify a suitable graph to use in a given situation.

P13.1f Correctly plot a graph and fully label it (title, axes, units, points, LOBF)

P13.1f P13.1f P13.1f

g) identifying situations where use of a curve of best fit is appropriate to present graphical information

P13.1g Identify a trend in a scatter graph.

P13.1g Draw a LOBF correctly on a scatter graph.

P13.1g P13.1g P13.1g

P14 draws valid conclusions from gathered data and information

14.1 analyse information to:

a) identify trends, patterns and relationships as well as contradictions in data and information

P14.1a Identifies t rends, patterns and relationships in data and information.

P14.1a Compares trends, patterns and relationships to identify contradictions in data and information.

P14.1a P14.1a P14.1a

b) justify inferences and conclusions P14.1b State a valid summary for a piece of information.

P14.1b Distinguish between an inference and an observation.

P14.1b Make an inference based on observations.

P14.1b Analyse an inference to identify assumptions made and how it is supported by data

P14.1b Justify why an inference or conclusion is valid.

c) identify and explain how data supports or refutes an hypothesis, a prediction or a proposed solution to a problem

P14.1c Identifies data in problems.

P14.1c Distinguishes between data that support a theory and data that is irrelevant.

P14.1c Examines data in terms of its support or refutation of a theory.

P14.1c P14.1c

d) predict outcomes and generate plausible explanations related to the observations

P14.1d States observations in a problem.

P14.1d Recognises trends or patterns in observations.

P14.1d Give explanations that are consistent to observations.

P14.1d Extrapolates trends or patterns to predict outcomes to events.

P14.1d

e) make and justify generalisations P14.1e States observations in a problem

P14.1e Recognises trends or patterns in observations.

P14.1e Give explanations that are consistent to observations.

P14.1e Generalise observations to broad principles.

P14.1e Justify a generalisation using observations.

f) use models, including mathematical ones, to explain phenomena and/or make predictions

P14.1f States observations in a problem

P14.1f Recognises trends or patterns in observations.

P14.1f Determines relationships between observations qualitatively.

P14.1f Determines relationships between observations quantitatively and makes predictions.

P14.1f

g) use cause and effect relationships to explain phenomena

P14.1g States observations in a problem.

P14.1g Recognises trends or patterns in observations.

P14.1g Deduces the cause and effect in a given situation.

P14.1g P14.1g

h) identify examples of the interconnectedness of ideas or scientific principles

P14.1h States observations of similar principles that come from different areas of science.

P14.1h P14.1h P14.1h P14.1h

18 Outcome Elementary Satisfactory Good Substantial Excellent

14.2 solve problems by:

a) identifying and explaining the nature of a problem

P14.2a Identifies a problem and its components.

P14.2a Explains the nature of a problem concisely.

P14.2a P14.2a P14.2a

b) describing and selecting from different strategies those which could be used to solve a problem

P14.2b Identifies a problem and its components.

P14.2b Selects an appropriate strategy to solve a problem.

P14.2b P14.2b P14.2b

c) using identified strategies to develop a range of possible solutions to a particular problem

P14.2c Identifies a problem and its components.

P14.2c Selects an appropriate strategy to solve a problem.

P14.2c Examines different strategies to solve a particular problem.

P14.2c P14.2c

d) evaluating the appropriateness of different strategies for solving an identified problem

P14.2d Identifies a problem and its components.

P14.2d Selects an appropriate strategy to solve a problem.

P14.2d Examines different strategies to solve a particular problem.

P14.2d Analyses each possible solution to a problem to ascertain the best strategy.

P14.2d Evaluates the appropriateness of different strategies for solving an identified problem.

14.3 use available evidence to:

a) design and produce creative solutions to problems

P14.3a Identifies a problem: its components and its evidence.

P14.3a Compares different strategies to a solve a problem.

P14.3a Determines new ways of solving a problem.

P14.3a Designs new solutions to a problem.

P14.3a

b) propose ideas that demonstrate coherence and logical progression and include correct use of scientific principles and ideas

P14.3b Uses correct terminology in communicating scientific principles and ideas.

P14.3b Applies scientific principles and ideas to problems.

P14.3b Constructs a hierarchy or progression of ideas utilising scientific principles or ideas.

P14.3b Analyses ideas to investigate logical or other flaws or incoherence in the proposal.

P14.3b Proposes ideas with sound logic and coherence using scientific principles and ideas.

c) apply critical thinking in the consideration of predictions, hypotheses and the results of investigations

P14.3c Outlines the results, hypothesis and predictions of an investigation.

P14.3c Describes the relationship between the results, hypothesis and predictions of an investigation.

P14.3c Determines if there are any logical flaws between the results, hypothesis and predictions of an investigation.

P14.3c Predict the results of an hypothesis in a novel situation

P14.3c Critically analyse the predictions of an hypothesis in terms of results.

d) formulate cause and effect relationships P14.3d Lists observations made of phenomena

P14.3d Distinguishes between the cause and effect in phenomena

P14.3d Determines a relationship between cause and effect

P14.3d P14.3d

P15 implements strategies to work effectively as an individual or as a member of a team

P15 Follows instructions independently

P15 Compares own strategy with the strategies of others.

P15 Clarifies duty roles in working with other people.

P15 Works well and communicates effectively in groups.

P15

P16 demonstrates positive values about and attitudes towards both the living and non-living components of the environment, ethical behaviour and a desire for a critical evaluation of the consequences of the applications of science

P15 Identifies some ethical, environmental and social issues in the application of science.

P15 Compares the ideals of science with its real life application in terms of ethical, environmental and social issues.

P15 Examines ethical, environmental and social issues to clarify positive and negative aspects.

P15 Predicts the consequences of actions in ethical, environmental and social issues.

P15 Critically evaluates humankind’s use of science in ethical, environmental and social issues.

19

Outcome Elementary Satisfactory Good Substantial Excellent H11 justifies the appropriateness of a particular investigation plan

11.1 identify data sources to:

a) analyse complex problems to determine appropriate ways in which each aspect may be researched

H11.1a Identifies large problem and describes it concisely.

H11.1a Breaks large problem into smaller, discrete problems.

H11.1a Classifies each component of the problem according to its level of difficulty and constructs solutions to each.

H11.1a Integrates the solution of each component of a complex problem into a meaningful relationship or single entity.

H11.1a Critically analyses the effectiveness of the overall solution in terms of the original problem.

b) determine the type of data that needs to be collected and explain the qualitative or quantitative analysis that will be required for this data to be useful

H11.1b Identifies types of data that need to be collected.

H11.1b Explains the qualitative analysis that is needed to process the data.

H11.1b Explains the quantitative analysis that is needed to process the data.

H11.1b H11.1b

c) identify the orders of magnitude that will be appropriate and the uncertainty that may be present in the measurement of data

H11.1c Correctly represent numbers using scientific notation.

H11.1c H11.1c H11.1c H11.1c

d) identify and use correct units for data that will be collected

H11.1d Use correct units for physical quantities.

H11.1d H11.1d H11.1d H11.1d

e) recommend the use of an appropriate technology or strategy for data collection or information gathering that will assist efficient future analysis

H11.1e Identify types of data to be collected.

H11.1e Apply appropriate technologies to collect or gather information.

H11.1e Compares the use of different types of technologies to collect or gather information.

H11.1e Analyses the effectiveness of each type of technology in collecting or gathering information.

H11.1e Evaluates the best technology to gather a particular item of data.

11.2 plan first-hand investigations to:

a) demonstrate the use of the terms ‘dependent‘ and ‘independent‘ to describe variables involved in the investigation

H11.2a Define / Use the terms "dependent" and "independent" as they apply to experimental investigations.

H11.2a Correctly distinguish between dependent and independent variables in an experimental investigation.

H11.2a H11.2a H11.2a

b) identify variables that needed to be kept constant, develop strategies to ensure that these variables are kept constant, and demonstrate the use of a control

H11.2b Identify controls in an experimental investigation.

H11.2b Identifies conditions necessary in an experimental investigation to keep variables constant.

H11.2b Construct conditions where only one variable can change in an experimental investigation.

H11.2b H11.2b

c) design investigations that allow valid and reliable data and information to be collected

H11.2c Manipulate equipment so as to minimize systematic errors to obtain valid results.

H11.2c Repeat trials or investigations to ensure reliable data.

H11.2c Examine the use of variables in an experimental investigation to ensure that data collected is valid/reliable.

H11.2c Analyse an experimental method to ensure that the design of the experiment allows valid and reliable data.

H11.2c Evaluate different experimental methods to produce the most valid and reliable data.

d) describe and trial procedures to undertake investigations and explain why a procedure, a sequence of procedures or the repetition of procedures is appropriate

H11.2d Outline a basic experimental procedure to carry out an investigation.

H11.2d Distinguish between procedures that achieve different outcomes.

H11.2d Examine a procedure to establish if it requires a sequence or iteration in order to achieve a desired outcome.

H11.2d H11.2d

e) predict possible issues that may arise during the course of an investigation and identify strategies to address these issues if necessary

H11.2e State some issues that may arise in the course of an experimental investigation.

H11.2e Describe how these issues may affect the outcome of the experimental investigation.

H11.2e Accounts for these issues in the course of the experimental investigation.

H11.2e Analyses the effectiveness of strategies implemented to account for issues in an experiment.

20 Outcome Elementary Satisfactory Good Substantial Excellent

11.3 choose equipment or resources by:

a) identifying and/or setting up the most appropriate equipment or combination of equipment needed to undertake the investigation

H11.3a Identify equipment needed to carry out an experimental investigation.

H11.3a Correctly set up equipment to carry out an experimental investigation.

H11.3a H11.3a H11.3a

b) carrying out a risk assessment of intended experimental procedures and identifying and addressing potential hazards

H11.3b Identify risks involved in carrying out an experimental investigation.

H11.3b Describe the nature of each risk in an experimental investigation.

H11.3b Classifies risks in an experimental investigation according to danger.

H11.3b Designs appropriate risk management strategies to minimize hazards during an experimental investigation.

H11.3b Evaluates risk management strategies performed in an experimental investigation.

c) identifying technology that would be used during investigation determining its suitability and effectiveness for its potential role in the procedure or investigation

H11.3c Outlines technologies that can be utilized to perform an experimental investigation.

H11.3c Compares different technologies that can be utilized to perform an experimental investigation.

H11.3c Determines the suitability of a particular technology to perform an experimental investigation.

H11.3c Discusses the usefulness of applying a particular technology in an experimental investigation.

H11.3c Justifies the use of a particular technology in an experimental investigation.

d) recognizing the difference between destructive and non-destructive testing of material and analysing potentially different results from these two procedures

H11.3d Demonstrates an understanding of the difference between destructive and non-destructive testing.

H11.3d Describes procedures for both destructive and non-destructive testing.

H11.3d Contrasts destructive and non-destructive testing in terms of the type of results that may be obtained.

H11.3d Discusses the differences in results between destructive and non-destructive testing.

H11.3d

H12 evaluates ways in which accuracy and reliability could be improved in investigations

12.1 perform first-hand investigations by:

a) carrying out the planned procedure, recognising where and when modifications are needed and analysing the effect of these adjustments

H12.1a Follows a planned procedure .

H12.1a Identifies steps in a planned procedure that are not suitable or safe.

H12.1a Modifies steps in a planned procedure to more efficiently or safely carry out the procedure.

H12.1a Discusses the reasons for a modification to a planned procedure.

H12.1a Evaluates a modification to a planned procedure to deduce if the changes have been effective.

b) efficiently undertaking the planned procedure to minimise hazards and wastage of resources

H12.1b Follows a planned procedure using quantities stated in the p rocedure.

H12.1b Identifies and describes safety and use of chemicals issues in a planned procedure.

H12.1b Modifies a planned procedure to minimize hazards and wastage of resources.

H12.1b Discusses the need for minimizing hazards and wastage of resources .

H12.1b Recommends procedures that minimize hazards and wastage of resources.

c) disposing carefully and safely of any waste materials produced during the investigation

H12.1c Disposes of any waste materials produced carefully and safely during the investigation.

H12.1c H12.1c H12.1c H12.1c

d) identifying and using safe work practices during investigations

H12.1d Identifies safe work practices during investigations.

H12.1d Uses safe work practices during investigations.

H12.1d H12.1d H12.1d

21 Outcome Elementary Satisfactory Good Substantial Excellent

12.2 gather first-hand information by:

a) using appropriate data collection techniques, employing appropriate technologies, including data loggers and sensors

H12.2a Identifies appropriate data collection techniques, including data loggers and sensors.

H12.2a Employs appropriate data collection techniques, including data loggers and sensors.

H12.2a H12.2a H12.2a

b) measuring, observing and recording results in accessible and recognisable forms, carrying out repeat trials as appropriate

H12.2b Measures, observes and records results.

H12.2b Measures, observes and records results in accessible and recognizable forms.

H12.2b Repeat trials of measurements to obtain valid and reliable results.

H12.2b H12.2b

12.3 gather information from secondary sources by:

a) accessing information from a range of resources, including popular scientific journals, digital technologies and the Internet

H12.3a Identifies information from a range of resources, including popular scientific journals, digital technologies and the internet.

H12.3a Accesses information from a range of resources, including popular scientific journals, digital technologies and the internet.

H12.3a H12.3a H12.3a

b) practising efficient data collection techniques to identify useful information in secondary sources

H12.3b Discerns between useful and useless information in secondary sources.

H12.3b Correctly records references to secondary resources.

H12.3b Applies and filters information from secondary sources.

H12.3b Assesses the reliability of information from secondary sources.

H12.3b

c) extracting information from numerical data in graphs and tables as well as written and spoken material in all its forms

H12.3c Identifies and extracts information from numerical data in graphs and tables as well as from written and spoken material in all its forms

H12.3c Interpolates and extrapolates information from numerical data in graphs and tables as well as from written and spoken material in all its forms

H12.3c Applies information from numerical data in graphs and tables as well as from written and spoken material in all its forms

H12.3c Assesses the reliability of information from secondary sources.

H12.3c Evaluates the validity of numerical data from graphs and tables as well as written and spoken materials.

d) summarising and collating information from a range of resources

H12.3d Summarises and collates information from a range of sources.

H12.3d H12.3d H12.3d H12.3d

e) identifying practising male and female Australian scientists, and the areas in which they are currently working and in formation about their research

H12.3e Identifies Australian scientists, the areas in which they are working and information about their research.

H12.3e Cites Australian research in secondary sources.

H12.3e H12.3e H12.3e

22 Outcome Elementary Satisfactory Good Substantial Excellent

12.4 process information to:

a) assess the accuracy of any measurements and calculations and the relative importance of the data and information gathered

H12.4a Obtains measurements correctly without random or systematic errors.

H12.4a Manipulates measurements to obtain secondary data.

H12.4a Performs calculations on measurements.

H12.4a Assesses the accuracy of measurements and data obtained by comparison to common experience.

H12.4a Evaluates the significance of data obtained in terms of its validity and reliability.

b) identify and apply appropriate mathematical formulae and concepts

H12.4b Identify situations where a formula may be required.

H12.4b Obtain the correct formula for a given situation.

H12.4b Correctly apply a formula to a given situation.

H12.4b Manipulate fo rmulae to obtain new equations.

H12.4b Creates new equations and relationships.

c) best illustrate trends and patterns by selecting and using appropriate methods, including computer assisted analysis

H12.4c Identify trends and patterns in data sets.

H12.4c Numerically correlate trends and patterns using methods such as line of best fit, curve fitting, etc.

H12.4c Apply mathematical and statistical procedures to obtain parameters for trends such as gradient, mean, etc.

H12.4c Analyse data to obtain trends and patterns that may not be evident on casual analysis.

H12.4c

d) evaluate the validity of first-hand and secondary information and data in relation to the area of investigation

H12.4d Gather first-hand and secondary information and data from a variety of sources

H12.4d Rearrange first-hand and secondary information into an acceptable format.

H12.4d Compare first-hand and secondary information and data from a variety of sources

H12.4d Analyse whether first-hand and secondary information and data is valid.

H12.4d Evaluate the validity of first hand and secondary data and information.

e) assess the reliability of first-hand and secondary information and data by considering information from various sources

H12.4e Gather first-hand and secondary information and data from a variety of sources

H12.4e Rearrange first-hand and secondary information into an acceptable format.

H12.4e Compare first-hand and secondary information and data from a variety of sources

H12.4e Analyse whether first-hand and secondary information and data is valid.

H12.4e Evaluate the validity of first hand and secondary data and information.

f) assess the accuracy of scientific information presented in mass media by comparison with similar information presented in scientific journals

H12.4f Gather scientific information presented in mass media and in scientific journals.

H12.4f Summarise the scientific information presented in mass media and in scientific journals.

H12.4f Compare scientific information presented in mass media and in scientific journals .

H12.4f Discuss the reliability of scientific information presented in mass media and in scientific journals.

H12.4f Assesses scientific information presented in mass media and in scientific journals in terms of accuracy.

H13 uses terminology and reporting styles appropriately and successfully to communicate information & understanding

13.1 present information by:

a) selecting and using appropriate text types or combinations thereof, for oral and written presentations

H13.1a Select a text type suitable for a piece of writing or oral tasks.

H13.1a Use composite text types correctly.

H13.1a H13.1a H13.1a

b) selecting and using appropriate media to present data and information

H13.1b Identify suitable media for a given task.

H13.1b Arrange data and information to suit a medium.

H13.1b Utilise the features of a medium to present data and information.

H13.1b H13.1b

c) selecting and using appropriate methods to acknowledge sources of information

H13.1c Create a bibliography using an acceptable format.

H13.1c Use in-text referencing of sources.

H13.1c H13.1c H13.1c

d) using symbols and formulae to express relationships and using appropriate units for physical quantities

H13.1d Use symbols and formulae to express relationships and using appropriate units for physical quantities.

H13.1d H13.1d H13.1d H13.1d

23 Outcome Elementary Satisfactory Good Substantial Excellent

e) using a variety of pictorial representations to show relationships and present information clearly and succinctly

H13.1e Draw accurately labelled diagrams concisely and neatly.

H13.1e Use pictorial representations such as flow charts, Venn diagrams, etc. to display information.

H13.1e H13.1e H13.1e

f) selecting and drawing appropriate graphs to convey information and relationships clearly and accurately

H13.1f Identify a suitable graph to use in a given situation.

H13.1f Correctly plot a graph and fully label it (title, axes, units, points, LOBF)

H13.1f H13.1f H13.1f

g) identifying situations where use of a curve of best fit is appropriate to present graphical information

H13.1g Identify a trend in a scatter graph.

H13.1g Draw a LOBF correctly on a scatter graph.

H13.1g H13.1g H13.1g

H14 assesses the validity of conclusions from gathered data and information

14.1 analyse information to:

a) identify trends, patterns and relationships as well as contradictions in data and information

H14.1a Identifies trends, patterns and relationships in data and information.

H14.1a Compares trends, patterns and relationships to identify contradictions in data and information.

H14.1a H14.1a H14.1a

b) justify inferences and conclusions H14.1b State a valid summary for a piece of information.

H14.1b Distinguish between an inference and an observation.

H14.1b Make an inference based on observations.

H14.1b Analyse an inference to identify assumptions made and how it is supported by data

H14.1b Justify why an inference or conclusion is valid.

c) identify and explain how data supports or refutes an hypothesis, a prediction or a proposed solution to a problem

H14.1c Identifies data in problems.

H14.1c Distinguishes between data that support a theory and data that is irrelevant.

H14.1c Examines data in terms of its support or refutation of a theory.

H14.1c H14.1c

d) predict outcomes and generate plausible explanations related to the observations

H14.1d States observations in a problem.

H14.1d Recognises trends or patterns in observations.

H14.1d Give explanations that are consistent to observations.

H14.1d Extrapolates trends or patterns to predict outcomes to events.

H14.1d

e) make and justify generalisations H14.1e States observations in a problem

H14.1e Recognises trends or patterns in observations.

H14.1e Give explanations that are consistent to observations.

H14.1e Generalise observations to broad principles.

H14.1e Justify a generalisation using observations.

f) use models, including mathematical ones, to explain phenomena and/or make predictions

H14.1f States observations in a problem

H14.1f Recognises trends or patterns in observations.

H14.1f Determines relationships between observations qualitatively.

H14.1f Determines relationships between observations quantitatively and makes predictions.

H14.1f

g) use cause and effect relationships to explain phenomena

H14.1g States observations in a problem.

H14.1g Recognises trends or patterns in observations.

H14.1g Deduces the cause and effect in a given situation.

H14.1g H14.1g

h) identify examples of the interconnectedness of ideas or scientific principles

H14.1h States observations of similar principles that come from different areas of science.

H14.1h H14.1h H14.1h H14.1h

24 Outcome Elementary Satisfactory Good Substantial Excellent

14.2 solve problems by:

a) identifying and explaining the nature of a problem

H14.2a Identifies a problem and its components.

H14.2a Explains the nature of a problem concisely.

H14.2a H14.2a H14.2a

b) describing and selecting from different strategies, those which could be used to solve a problem

H14.2b Identifies a problem and its components.

H14.2b Selects an appropriate strategy to solve a problem.

H14.2b H14.2b H14.2b

c) using identified strategies to develop a range of possible solutions to a particular problem

H14.2c Identifies a problem and its components.

H14.2c Selects an appropriate strategy to solve a problem.

H14.2c Examines different strategies to solve a particular problem.

H14.2c H14.2c

d) evaluating the appropriateness of different strategies for solving an identified problem

H14.2d Identifies a problem and its components.

H14.2d Selects an appropriate strategy to solve a problem.

H14.2d Examines different strategies to solve a particular problem.

H14.2d Analyses each possible solution to a problem to ascertain the best strategy.

H14.2d Evaluates the appropriateness of different strategies for solving an identified problem.

14.3 use available evidence to:

a) design and produce creative solutions to problems

H14.3a Identifies a problem: its components and its evidence.

H14.3a Compares different strategies to a solve a problem.

H14.3a Determines new ways of solving a problem.

H14.3a Designs new solutions to a problem.

H14.3a

b) propose ideas that demonstrate coherence and logical progression and include correct use of scientific principles and ideas

H14.3b Uses correct terminology in communicating scientific principles and ideas.

H14.3b Applies scientific principles and ideas to problems.

H14.3b Constructs a hierarchy or progression of ideas utilising scientific principles or ideas.

H14.3b Analyses ideas to investigate logical or other flaws or incoherence in the proposal.

H14.3b Proposes ideas with sound logic and coherence using scientific principles and ideas.

c) apply critical thinking in the consideration of predictions, hypotheses and the results of investigations

H14.3c Outlines the results, hypothesis and predictions of an investigation.

H14.3c Describes the relationship between the results, hypothesis and predictions of an investigation.

H14.3c Determines if there are any logical flaws between the results, hypothesis and predictions of an investigation.

H14.3c Predict the results of an hypothesis in a novel situation

H14.3c Critically analyse the predictions of an hypothesis in terms of results.

d) formulate cause and effect relationships H14.3d Lists observations made of phenomena

H14.3d Distinguishes between the cause and effect in phenomena

H14.3d Determines a relationship between cause and effect

H14.3d Predicts the effect of a given cause.

H14.3d

H15 explains why an investigation is best undertaken individually or by a team

H15 Follows instructions independently

H15 Compares own strategy with the strategies of others.

H15 Clarifies duty roles in working with other people.

H15 Works well and communicates effectively in groups.

H15

H16 justifies positive values about and attitudes towards both the living and non-living components of the environment, ethical behaviour and a desire for critical evaluation of the consequences of the applications of science

H16 Identifies some ethical, environmental and social issues in the application of science.

H16 Compares the ideals of science with its real life application in terms of ethical, environmental and social issues.

H16 Examines ethical, environmental and social issues to clarify positive and negative aspects.

H16 Predicts the consequences of actions in ethical, environmental and social issues.

H16 Critically evaluates humankind’s use of science in ethical, environmental and social issues.