University of Southern Indiana Chemical Safety on the Job

We use many chemicals…We use many chemicals…We want you to know how to use them safelyWe want you to know how to use them safely

You will learn about…You will learn about… The Hazards of ChemicalsThe Hazards of Chemicals Our Written ProgramOur Written Program How Chemicals are LabeledHow Chemicals are Labeled Safe Use of ChemicalsSafe Use of Chemicals Material Safety Data SheetsMaterial Safety Data Sheets Basic Procedures for SpillsBasic Procedures for Spills Who you can ask for more informationWho you can ask for more information

Hazards of Chemicals…Hazards of Chemicals…There are 2 basic types of chemical hazardsThere are 2 basic types of chemical hazards

– Physical HazardsPhysical Hazards

– Health HazardsHealth Hazards

The first rule of chemical safety is… The first rule of chemical safety is… "Know what you are working with and "Know what you are working with and how to protect yourself and others“how to protect yourself and others“

Physical Hazards…Physical Hazards…Chemicals are classified as having Chemicals are classified as having Physical Physical

HazardsHazards if they are if they are ExplosiveExplosive Compressed GasCompressed Gas Combustible LiquidsCombustible Liquids FlammableFlammable UnstableUnstable Water ReactiveWater Reactive OxidizersOxidizers

Physical Hazards…Physical Hazards…

Some chemicals may be safe by themselves, Some chemicals may be safe by themselves, but become dangerous when in contact with but become dangerous when in contact with other substancesother substances..

Chemicals with Physical Chemicals with Physical Hazards…Hazards…

Used only by trained employeesUsed only by trained employees

Stored in a safe mannerStored in a safe manner

Never mixed with other chemicals unless by Never mixed with other chemicals unless by an approved procedurean approved procedure

Health HazardsHealth HazardsChemicals are classified as being a health Chemicals are classified as being a health

hazard if they:hazard if they:Can cause cancerCan cause cancerAre poisonous (toxic)Are poisonous (toxic)Cause harm to your skin, internal organs, or Cause harm to your skin, internal organs, or

nervous systemnervous systemAre corrosive - such as acidsAre corrosive - such as acidsCause allergic reactions after repeated Cause allergic reactions after repeated

exposureexposure

Chemicals can enter the body Chemicals can enter the body through:through:

your lungsyour lungs if you breath if you breath fumes, mists or dustfumes, mists or dust

your skinyour skin if liquid or dust if liquid or dust touches or spills on you or touches or spills on you or splashes in your eyessplashes in your eyes

your mouthyour mouth if you eat after if you eat after handling chemicalshandling chemicals

accidental swallowingaccidental swallowing of a of a chemicalchemical

Health Effects…Health Effects…Some chemicals affect Some chemicals affect

specific organs such specific organs such as your kidneys, liver, as your kidneys, liver, reproductive or reproductive or nervous system.nervous system.

Our Written Hazard Our Written Hazard Communication Program Communication Program

provides…provides…

Written information on hazardsWritten information on hazardsLists chemicals we use and their Lists chemicals we use and their

hazardshazardsSystem for ensuring chemicals are System for ensuring chemicals are

labeledlabeledMeans to ensure we have an Material Means to ensure we have an Material

Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for each Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for each chemicalchemical

Our Written Hazard Our Written Hazard Communication Program…Communication Program…

Lists who is responsible for the programLists who is responsible for the program

Provides chemical specific safety training Provides chemical specific safety training methodsmethods

Tells you where to find chemical safety Tells you where to find chemical safety informationinformation

You can see a copy of our written You can see a copy of our written program by asking you supervisorprogram by asking you supervisor

Labeling of Chemicals…Labeling of Chemicals…Chemical labels provide Chemical labels provide

information on information on Identity, Identity, Hazards and Safe UseHazards and Safe Use

All chemical containers are All chemical containers are labeled by the labeled by the manufacturermanufacturer

Our company may place Our company may place additional labelsadditional labels on the on the containerscontainers

Labeling of Chemicals…Labeling of Chemicals…

If chemicals are placed in another If chemicals are placed in another container, this new container must container, this new container must have a a label placed on it.have a a label placed on it.

All containers must be properly All containers must be properly labeledlabeled

Uniform Labeling Uniform Labeling System…System…

Our university “Uniform Labels” are Our university “Uniform Labels” are used to ensure we have one labeling used to ensure we have one labeling system.system.

These may be placed on containers These may be placed on containers when chemicals are delivered to us when chemicals are delivered to us or chemicals are transferred to or chemicals are transferred to other containersother containers

2 Basic “Uniform Labels”2 Basic “Uniform Labels”HMISHMIS - Hazardous Material Identification - Hazardous Material Identification

SystemSystem

NFPANFPA - National Fire Protection Association- National Fire Protection Association

Both types must identify theBoth types must identify the

chemical name and hazardschemical name and hazards

Uniform Labels…Uniform Labels…Pictures may be used to Pictures may be used to

identify hazards and identify hazards and required protectionrequired protection

This information may also This information may also be on the manufacturer’s be on the manufacturer’s labellabel

HMIS and NFPA labels are HMIS and NFPA labels are very similarvery similar

Both use colored boxes to identify specific Both use colored boxes to identify specific hazardshazards

Numbers or codes in the boxes tell you the Numbers or codes in the boxes tell you the hazard valuehazard value

higher number = higher hazardhigher number = higher hazard

NFPA and HMIS Label NFPA and HMIS Label ColorsColors

RedRed - Fire Hazard - Fire Hazard

BlueBlue - Health Hazard - Health Hazard

YellowYellow - Reactivity Hazard - - Reactivity Hazard - explosive, unstableexplosive, unstable

WhiteWhite - Special Hazards - corrosive, - Special Hazards - corrosive, radioactive, water reactive, acidradioactive, water reactive, acid

NFPA Label..NFPA Label..The purpose of the NFPA 704 labeling system is to provide a way of quickly identifying the various fire related hazards associated with a particular material. The NFPA 704 "diamond" is commonly found on bulk storage containers, but is also widely used on chemical containers and the MSDS.

NFPA Flammability CodesNFPA Flammability Codes44 Materials that will rapidly or Materials that will rapidly or

completely vaporize at atmospheric completely vaporize at atmospheric pressure and normal ambient pressure and normal ambient temperature, or that are readily temperature, or that are readily dispersed in air and that will burn dispersed in air and that will burn readily. Liquids with a flashpoint readily. Liquids with a flashpoint below 73ºF and a boiling point below below 73ºF and a boiling point below 100ºF.100ºF.

NFPA Flammability CodesNFPA Flammability Codes3 3 Liquids and solid that can be ignited under Liquids and solid that can be ignited under

almost all ambient temperature conditions. almost all ambient temperature conditions. Liquids with a flashpoint below 73ºF and a Liquids with a flashpoint below 73ºF and a boiling point above 100ºF or liquids with a boiling point above 100ºF or liquids with a flashpoint above 73ºF but not exceeding flashpoint above 73ºF but not exceeding 100ºF and a boiling point below 100ºF.100ºF and a boiling point below 100ºF.

NFPA Flammability CodesNFPA Flammability Codes2 2 Materials that must be moderately heated Materials that must be moderately heated

or exposed to relatively high ambient or exposed to relatively high ambient temperatures before ignition can occur. temperatures before ignition can occur. Liquids with flashpoint above 100ºF but not Liquids with flashpoint above 100ºF but not exceeding 200ºF.exceeding 200ºF.

NFPA Flammability CodesNFPA Flammability Codes11 Materials that must be preheated before Materials that must be preheated before

ignition can occur. Liquids that have a ignition can occur. Liquids that have a flashpoint above 200ºF.flashpoint above 200ºF.

00 Materials that will not burn.Materials that will not burn.

NFPA Health Hazard CodesNFPA Health Hazard Codes44 Materials that on very short Materials that on very short

exposure could cause death or exposure could cause death or major residual injury.major residual injury.

33 Materials that on short exposure Materials that on short exposure could cause serious temporary or could cause serious temporary or residual injury.residual injury.

NFPA Health Hazard CodesNFPA Health Hazard Codes

22 Materials that on intense or Materials that on intense or continued, but not chronic continued, but not chronic exposure could cause exposure could cause incapacitation or possible incapacitation or possible residual injury.residual injury.

NFPA Health Hazard CodesNFPA Health Hazard Codes11 Materials that on exposure Materials that on exposure

would cause irritation but only would cause irritation but only minor residual injury.minor residual injury.

00 Materials that on exposure Materials that on exposure under fire conditions would under fire conditions would offer no hazard beyond that of offer no hazard beyond that of ordinary combustible material.ordinary combustible material.

NFPA Reactivity Hazard NFPA Reactivity Hazard CodesCodes44 Materials that in themselves are readily Materials that in themselves are readily

capable of detonation or of explosive capable of detonation or of explosive decomposition or reaction at normal decomposition or reaction at normal temperatures and pressures.temperatures and pressures.

NFPA Reactivity Hazard NFPA Reactivity Hazard CodesCodes33 Materials that in themselves Materials that in themselves

are capable of detonation or are capable of detonation or explosive decomposition or explosive decomposition or reaction but require a strong reaction but require a strong initiating source or which initiating source or which must be heated under must be heated under confinement before initiation confinement before initiation or which react explosively or which react explosively with water.with water.

NFPA Reactivity Hazard NFPA Reactivity Hazard CodesCodes22 Materials that readily undergo violent Materials that readily undergo violent

chemical change at elevated temperatures chemical change at elevated temperatures and pressures or which react violently with and pressures or which react violently with water or which may form explosive water or which may form explosive mixtures with water.mixtures with water.

NFPA Reactivity CodesNFPA Reactivity Codes1 1 Materials that in themselves are normally Materials that in themselves are normally

stable, but which can become unstable at stable, but which can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures.elevated temperatures and pressures.

NFPA Reactivity CodesNFPA Reactivity Codes0 0 Materials that in themselves are normally Materials that in themselves are normally

stable, even under fire exposure conditions, stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and which are not reactive with water.and which are not reactive with water.

NFPA Special Hazard NFPA Special Hazard CodesCodes

ACID = Acid ProductsACID = Acid Products

ALK = Alkali or BasesALK = Alkali or Bases

COR = Corrosive ProductsCOR = Corrosive Products

OX = OxidizerOX = Oxidizer

W =Reacts with water W =Reacts with water

RadioactiveRadioactive

What do I do…What do I do…if there is no label or I cannot read the if there is no label or I cannot read the

label?label?

STOPSTOP - do not use the chemical - do not use the chemical

TELLTELL your supervisor your supervisor

READREAD the MSDS and have another label the MSDS and have another label put on the containerput on the container

Chemicals can be safely used Chemicals can be safely used if…if…

• you know the hazards and how to protect you know the hazards and how to protect yourselfyourself

• they are used only for approved purposesthey are used only for approved purposes

• they are stored properlythey are stored properly

• you use the correct personal protective you use the correct personal protective equipmentequipment

Chemicals can be safely used Chemicals can be safely used if…if…

you do not eat in areas where you do not eat in areas where chemicals are usedchemicals are used

you wash immediately if you come in you wash immediately if you come in contact with chemicalscontact with chemicals

Chemical Disposal…Chemical Disposal…Each chemical and container must be Each chemical and container must be

disposed of properlydisposed of properly

No container is truly "empty" unless No container is truly "empty" unless properly cleanedproperly cleaned

Follow MSDS requirements for Follow MSDS requirements for container disposalcontainer disposal

Chemical Disposal…Chemical Disposal…

Recycle unused chemicalsRecycle unused chemicals

Do not place hazardous Do not place hazardous chemicals in normal trash chemicals in normal trash receptaclesreceptacles

Do not pour chemicals into Do not pour chemicals into sinks, onto the ground or sinks, onto the ground or in storm drainsin storm drains

Safe Storage…Safe Storage…Store incompatible chemicals in Store incompatible chemicals in

separate areasseparate areas

Limit the amount of flammable material Limit the amount of flammable material to the minimum neededto the minimum needed

Store flammable liquids in approved Store flammable liquids in approved flammable storage lockersflammable storage lockers

Safe Storage…Safe Storage…Store acids in separate flammable Store acids in separate flammable

storage lockersstorage lockers

Do not store chemicals in a refrigerator Do not store chemicals in a refrigerator used for food storageused for food storage

Do not store food in refrigerators used Do not store food in refrigerators used for chemical storagefor chemical storage

In case of an emergency…In case of an emergency…Implement the proper Emergency Action PlanImplement the proper Emergency Action Plan

Evacuate people from the areaEvacuate people from the area

Isolate the area-keep others from enteringIsolate the area-keep others from entering

Turn off ignition and heat sourcesTurn off ignition and heat sources

Only trained employees are permitted to clean Only trained employees are permitted to clean up spillsup spills

Material Safety Data Sheets Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)(MSDS)

Show chemical safety informationShow chemical safety information

Each chemical has a separate MSDSEach chemical has a separate MSDS

MSDS is written by the chemical MSDS is written by the chemical manufacturermanufacturer

MSDS are kept in the workplace for your MSDS are kept in the workplace for your useuse

If you can't find an MSDS, ask your If you can't find an MSDS, ask your supervisorsupervisor

Material Safety Data Material Safety Data Sheets…Sheets…

are provided by the chemical are provided by the chemical manufacturer to provide manufacturer to provide additional information additional information concerning safe use of the concerning safe use of the product.product.

Each MSDS tells you…Each MSDS tells you…1. Common name and chemical name of 1. Common name and chemical name of

the materialthe material

2. Name, address and phone number of the 2. Name, address and phone number of the manufacturermanufacturer

3. Emergency phone numbers for 3. Emergency phone numbers for immediate hazard informationimmediate hazard information

4. Date the MSDS was written4. Date the MSDS was written

MSDS…MSDS…5.  Hazardous ingredients5.  Hazardous ingredients

6.  Physical and health hazards of the 6.  Physical and health hazards of the chemicalschemicals

7.  Identification of chemical and physical 7.  Identification of chemical and physical propertiesproperties

8.  First aid / emergency information8.  First aid / emergency information

9.  Safe handling and use information9.  Safe handling and use information

MSDS…MSDS…have specific hazard information onhave specific hazard information on

Fire and ExplosionFire and Explosion Chemical ReactionsChemical Reactions Control Measures Control Measures Health HazardsHealth Hazards Spill and Leak ProceduresSpill and Leak Procedures

MSDS MSDS Fire and Explosion Fire and Explosion InformationInformation

Material flash point, auto-Material flash point, auto-ignition temperature and ignition temperature and upper/lower flammability upper/lower flammability limitslimits

Fire extinguishing agents to be Fire extinguishing agents to be usedused

Fire fighting techniquesFire fighting techniques

Any unusual fire or explosive Any unusual fire or explosive hazardshazards

MSDS MSDS Reaction InformationReaction Information

Stability of Chemical..Stability of Chemical..

ConditionsConditions and other materials which and other materials which can cause reactions with the chemicalcan cause reactions with the chemical

Dangerous substancesDangerous substances that can be that can be produced when the chemical reactsproduced when the chemical reacts

MSDS MSDS Control MeasuresControl Measures

Engineering controls required for safe Engineering controls required for safe product useproduct use

Personal protective equipment required for Personal protective equipment required for use of productuse of product

Safe storage requirements and guidelinesSafe storage requirements and guidelines

Safe handling proceduresSafe handling procedures

MSDS MSDS Health HazardsHealth Hazards Permissible exposure and threshold limits Permissible exposure and threshold limits

(PEL and TLV)(PEL and TLV) Symptoms of exposureSymptoms of exposure Routes of entry into the bodyRoutes of entry into the body Medical conditions that can be made worse Medical conditions that can be made worse

by exposureby exposure Cancer causing propertiesCancer causing properties Emergency and first aid proceduresEmergency and first aid procedures

MSDS MSDS Spill and Leak Spill and Leak ProceduresProcedures

Clean up techniquesClean up techniques

Personal protective equipment to be Personal protective equipment to be used during cleanupused during cleanup

Disposal of waste and cleanup materialDisposal of waste and cleanup material

Protecting Yourself…Protecting Yourself…Personal Protective Equipment Personal Protective Equipment

(PPE) may be needed to (PPE) may be needed to protect yourself from protect yourself from chemical hazardschemical hazards

Use the PPE our university has Use the PPE our university has required for each chemicalrequired for each chemical

Check the PPE before use to Check the PPE before use to make sure it is not damagedmake sure it is not damaged

Protecting Yourself…Protecting Yourself…Use face shield and goggles if there is a Use face shield and goggles if there is a

splash hazardsplash hazard

Use the proper respirator for dusts, Use the proper respirator for dusts, mists and fumesmists and fumes

Protecting Yourself…Protecting Yourself…Use the right gloves when handling Use the right gloves when handling

chemicalschemicals

Properly clean and store your PPE Properly clean and store your PPE after useafter use

Don't take PPE home - why risk Don't take PPE home - why risk exposing your family?exposing your family?

Stay safe when using Stay safe when using chemicals…chemicals…

Know what you are working withKnow what you are working with

Know where MSDS are located and how to Know where MSDS are located and how to use themuse them

Ask your supervisor if you have questionsAsk your supervisor if you have questions

Only trained employees may use chemicalsOnly trained employees may use chemicals

Stay Safe…Stay Safe…Make sure all containers Make sure all containers

are properly are properly labeledlabeledUse the proper Use the proper protective protective

equipmentequipmentStore chemicals only in Store chemicals only in

approved areasapproved areasImmediately Immediately report leaksreport leaks

and spillsand spillsDisposeDispose of used chemicals of used chemicals

and containers properlyand containers properly