Unit: Nationalism Unit: Nationalism Topic: ItalyTopic: Italy

Mrs. Johnson October 7, 2011Mrs. Johnson October 7, 2011

Italian Italian Nationalists!Nationalists!

1. Giuseppe 1. Giuseppe MazziniMazzini

A.A. After the After the Congress of Congress of Vienna in 1815, Vienna in 1815, Austria ruled Austria ruled northern Italy northern Italy and Spain ruled and Spain ruled southern Italy – southern Italy – the Italians didn’t the Italians didn’t like this.like this.

B.B. In 1831, In 1831, Giuseppe Giuseppe MazziniMazzini founded the founded the nationalist nationalist group group Young ItalyYoung Italy but was but was eventually eventually exiled.exiled.

2. Count 2. Count Camilio Camilio CavourCavour

Darn… he hired bodyguards!

A.A. In 1852, the In 1852, the Kingdom of Piedmont-Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia’s (KPS)Sardinia’s (KPS) prime minister, prime minister, CavourCavour, , formed alliances with France and Prussia.formed alliances with France and Prussia.

B.B. Cavour Cavour then then started a started a war with war with Austria Austria that that resulted in resulted in the KPS the KPS taking all taking all of northern of northern Italy from Italy from the the Austrians!Austrians!

3. Giuseppe 3. Giuseppe GaribaldiGaribaldi

A.A. Garibaldi also Garibaldi also believed in believed in realpolitikrealpolitik and and thought the thought the only way to only way to unite Italy was unite Italy was by force.by force.

““I offer neither pay, I offer neither pay, nor quarters, nor nor quarters, nor provisions; I offer provisions; I offer hunger, thirst, hunger, thirst, forced marches, forced marches, battles, and death. battles, and death. Let him who loves Let him who loves his country in his his country in his heart, and not with heart, and not with his lips only, follow his lips only, follow me!”me!”

B.B. In May 1860, a small army of nationalists In May 1860, a small army of nationalists (the (the Red Shirts)Red Shirts) led by led by GaribaldiGaribaldi captured Sicily.captured Sicily.

Cavour then arranged a meeting between Cavour then arranged a meeting between Garibaldi and King Victor Emmanuel II of Garibaldi and King Victor Emmanuel II of Piedmont-Sardinia.Piedmont-Sardinia.

C.C. Garibaldi agreed to step aside and let the King Garibaldi agreed to step aside and let the King rule an united Italy.rule an united Italy.

In his famous meeting with Victor Emmanuel II In his famous meeting with Victor Emmanuel II Garibaldi greeted him as King of Italy and shook Garibaldi greeted him as King of Italy and shook his hand, then retired, refusing to accept any his hand, then retired, refusing to accept any reward for his services.reward for his services.