unit conversion in surveying
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04/15/2023 Shinwaray
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Survey EngineeringBCE Department
•Unit •System of unit•Conversion and measurement
Lesson objective
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Survey EngineeringBCE Department
• A unit of measurement is a definite magnitude of a physical quantity, defined and adopted by convention or by law, that is used as a standard for measurement of the same physical quantity.
• Each physical quantity has two part1. Quantity or value 2. Unit
What is Unit
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Survey EngineeringBCE Department
• Basically unit are divided by to systems1.(SI ) International System
2.(USCS) United State Customary System
Other unit
• Domestic unit
Unit System
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Survey EngineeringBCE Department
1.Base units
2.Supplementary units
3.Derived units
SI System
Table supplementary unitsQuantity Name Symbol
Plan angle Radian rad
Solid angle Steradian sr
Quantity Name symbol
Length Meter m
Mass Kilogram Kg
Time Second S
Electric current Ampere A
Thermodynamic temp Kelvin K
Amount of substance Mole mol
Luminous intensity candela cd
Table Base unitsQuantity Name Symbol
Speed D/H S/U/V
Force Mass/unit area kg/m2
Derived units
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Survey EngineeringBCE Department
Units of Measurement
• Length:
English System inch (in “), foot (ft ‘), Yard (yd)
Metric System cm, m, km
1 foot = 12 inches
1 yard = 3 ft
1 mile = 5280 ft
1 inch = 2.54 cm
1 ft = 30.48 cm = 0.3048 m
• Area:
English 1 acre = 43560 ft
Metric 1 donum = 1000 m2
1 hectare = 10000 m2
1 km2 = 1,000,000 m2
Quantity FromInch-Pound
Units
ToMetricUnits
MultiplyBy
Volume
acre footcubic yardcubic footcubic footcubic foot100 board feetgallon1000 gallonscubic inch
m3m3cm3L (1000 cm3)m3L (1000 cm3)kL (1000 L)cm3mm3
1233.48940.764554928316.8528,316850.028316850.2359743.785412 x 10-33785412.16387.064
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Survey EngineeringBCE Department
To convert from (SI) Conversion factor To get U.S. Customary Metres (m) Multiply by 3.28084 Feet (ft)
Metres Multiply by 1.09361 Yards
Metres per second (m/s) Multiply by 2.23694 Miles per hour (mph) Centimeters (cm) Multiply by 0.3937 Inches (in.) Milimeters (mm) Multiply by 0.03937 Inches Kilometers (km) Multiply by 0.621371 Miles (mi)
Area cm2 Multiply by 0.155 Square inch
m2 Multiply by 10.76391 Square foot (ft2)
Hectare (ha = 10 000 m2) Multiply by 2.471054 Acre km2 ( = 100 ha = 106 m2)
Volume and Flow Multiply by 0.38610216 Square mile
Litres ( = 1 dm3) Divide by 28.31685 Cubic foot (ft3) cubic metre (m3) Multiply by 35.31467 ft3
Litres (L) Multiply by 0.264172 U.S. gal Litres (L) Multiply by 0.219969 Imp. gal Litres/(s-ha) Multiply by 0.014 Inches/hour
m3 Divide by 3 785.412 Million U.S. gal (mg/MG) m3 Multiply by 8.521662 Barrel (US)
m3 Divide by 1 233.481 Acre-ft Liters per second (L/s) Divide by 43.8126 Million U.S. gal/day
(L/s) Multiply by 15.8508 gal/min (gpm)
Liters/m2
Mass Divide by 40.7458 gal/ft2
Gram (g) Divide by 453.5924 Pounds (lb) Gram Multiply by 15.432 Grain
Kilograma(kg = 1 000 g) Multiply by 2.204623 Pounds Newton ( = 0.1 kgb) Multiply by 0.2247 Pounds
Tonne, Metric ton (= 1 000 kg) Multiply by 1.10231 U.S. ton
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Survey EngineeringBCE Department
Units of Measurement
• Angles:
1. Sexagesimal
circle is divided into 360°, each is divided into 60 min
(΄), each is divided into 60 seconds (΄΄)
213° 24΄ 47΄΄
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Survey EngineeringBCE Department
Units of Measurement
2. Decimal or Centisimalcircle is divided into 400 equal grads (g), each grade is divided into 100 simal minutes (c), each is divided into 100 centisimal (cc)
128g 60c 47cc
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Survey EngineeringBCE Department
Units of Measurement
3. The Radian SystemThe radian is defined as: the central angle opposite to a circular arc whose length is equal to its radius.
The whole circle has an opposing angle 2π
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Survey EngineeringBCE Department
Solving Problem
Convert the angle 213° 24΄ 47΄΄ into Decimal and Radian systems.
Solution:
3.72472π360
213.4131
:System Radial intoit Convert
56 12 237237.1256
237.1256400360
213.4131
:System Decimal intoit Convert
4131.2133600
47
60
24213
:as written be can Angle
cccgg
gg
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Survey EngineeringBCE Department
Solving Problem
Convert the angle 115g 2c 14cc into Sexagesimal system.
Solution:
9.34" 31' 103
:equals angle given the Then
9.336"60"0.1556 0.1556'
31.1556''060.51930.5193
103.5193603004
115.0214
:System lSexagesima intoit Convert
115.021410000
14
100
2151
:as written be can Angle
g
g
g