1

UNIT 8: Evolution Biology I DAYSHEET 71: Kingdoms of Life & Ecology Wrap-Up

Name:_______________________________ Date:____________________________Catalyst/Bellringer:Useyourlastdaysheet(DS70)tohelpyouanswerthequestionsbelow!1.Studythepicturebelow.Isthisafoodweborafoodchain?____________________________________

2.Labelthepictureabovewiththefollowingterms:Autotroph,Heterotroph,Mostenergy,Leastenergy,Omnivore,Herbivore,Carnivore3.Studythediagrambelow.Isthisafoodweborfoodchain?_____________________________________4.Listthealltheprimaryconsumers(herbivores)inthefoodchain:____________________________5.Listalltheomnivoresinthisfoodchain:_________________________________________________________6.Whichorganism(s)wouldbeaffectediftheSalmonpopulationstartedtodecline?___________

2

7.Usethefollowingtermstocorrectlylabelthetrophicpyramidbelow:producer,autotroph,heterotroph,primaryconsumer,secondaryconsumer,tertiaryconsumer,carnivore,herbivore,omnivore,highenergy,lowenergy8.Whichofthesepopulationswouldprobablyincreaseifthezooplanktondecreased?a.insectsb.snailsc.phytoplanktond.aquaticplants a. aObjective:Icandemonstratemyunderstandingofthekingdomsoflifeandecology.Homework:CompleteHW71&StudyforyourSOL(May22nd)

3

Activity1:SixKingdomsofLifeOverview(Useyourreadingstrategies)WhenLinnaeusdevelopedhissystemofclassification,therewereonlytwokingdoms,PlantsandAnimals.Buttheuseofthemicroscopeledtothediscoveryofneworganismsandtheidentificationofdifferencesincells.Atwo‐kingdomsystemwasnolongeruseful.Todaythesystemofclassificationincludessixkingdoms.TheSixKingdoms:Archaebacteria,Eubacteria,Protists,Fungi,Plants&Animals Howareorganismplacedintotheirkingdoms?

•Celltype(prokaryoticvs.eukaryotic)•Theirabilitytomakefood(autrophicvs.heterotrophic)•Thenumberofcellsintheirbody(unicellularvs.multicellular)

Archaebacteria

In1983,scientiststooksamplesfromaspotdeepinthePacificOceanwherehotgasesandmoltenrockboiledintotheoceanformtheEarth’sinterior.Totheirsurprisetheydiscoveredunicellular(onecell)organismsinthesamples.Theseorganismsaretodayclassifiedinthekingdom,Archaebacteria.Theseunicellularorganismsdonothaveanymembrane‐boundorganelles,andlackanucleus.Thismeansthatallarchaebacteriaareprokaryotes.

Archaebacteriaarefoundinextremeenvironmentssuchashotboilingwaterandthermalventsunderconditionswithnooxygenorhighlyacidenvironments.EubacteriaLikearchaebacteria,eubacteriaarecomplexandsinglecelled.Theyarealsoprokaryotic.MostbacteriaareintheEUBACTERIAkingdom.Theyarethekindsfoundeverywhereandaretheonespeoplearemostfamiliarwith.Eubacteriaareclassifiedintheirownkingdombecausetheirchemicalmakeupisdifferent.

4

Protists

Slimemoldsandalgaeareprotists.Sometimestheyarecalledtheoddsandendskingdombecauseitsmembersaresodifferentfromoneanother.Protistsincludeallmicroscopicorganismsthatarenotbacteria,notanimals,notplantsandnotfungi.OrganismsMostprotistsareunicellular.YoumaybewonderingwhythoseprotistsarenotclassifiedintheArchaebacteriaorEubacteriakingdoms.Itisbecause,unlikebacteria,protistsarecomplexcellsthatcontainmembrane‐boundorganellesandanucleus.Protistsareeukaryotic!

FungiMushrooms,moldandmildewareallexamplesoforganismsinthekingdomfungi.Mostfungiaremulticellularandconsistsofmanycomplexcellsthatcontainanucleus.Fungiareorganismsthatbiologistsonceconfusedwithplants,however,unlikeplants,fungicannotmaketheirownfood.Mostobtaintheirfoodfrompartsofplantsthataredecayinginthesoil.Plants

Youareprobablyquitefamiliarwiththemembersofthiskingdomasitcontainsalltheplantsthatyouhavecometoknow‐floweringplants,mosses,andferns.Plantsareallmulticellularandconsistofcomplexcells.Inadditionplantsareautotrophs,organismsthatmaketheirownfood.Withover250,000species,theplantkingdomisthesecondlargestkingdom.Plantspeciesrangefromthetinygreenmossestogianttrees.

Withoutplants,lifeonEarthwouldnotexist!Plantsfeedalmostalltheheterotrophs(organismsthateatotherorganisms)onEarth.Wow!

5

AnimalsTheanimalkingdomisthelargestkingdomwithover1millionknownspecies.Allanimalsconsistofmanycomplexcells(.Theyarealsoheterotrophs.

Membersoftheanimalkingdomarefoundinthemostdiverseenvironmentsintheworld.

KingdomofLife CellType NumberofCells Howdotheyget

theirenergy?Example(s)

Archaebacteria

Eubacteria

Protists(Protist)

Fungi

Plants

(Plantae)

Animals(Animalia)

6

Activity2:DichotomousKeyPractice

7

SharkDichotomousKey1. A.Bodykitelikeinshape(ifviewfromabove)……………………………………….Gotostatement12 B.Bodynotkitelikeinshape(ifviewfroabove)……………………………………...Gotostatement22. A.Pelvicfinabsentandnosesawlike…………………..........................................FamilyPristophoridae B.Pelvicfinpresent……………………………………………………………………...Gotostatement33. A.Sixgillslitspresent………………………………………………………………..FamilyHexanchidae B.Fivegillspresent…………………………………………………………………..….Gotostatement44. A.Onlyonedorsalfinpresent……………………………………………………...FamilyScyliorhinidae B.Twodorsalfinspresent……………………………………………………………….Gotostatement55. A.Mouthatthefrontoftheheadratherthanbackalongundersideofhead……………..FamilyRhinocodontidae B.Mouthbackalongundersideofhead……………………….………………………..Gotostatement66. A.Headexpandedonthesidewitheyesattheendofexpansion……………...…FamilySphyrnidae B.Headnotexpanded…………………………………………………………………....Gotostatement77. A.Tophalfofcaudalfinexactlysamesizeandshapeasbottomhalf………………….FamilyIsuridae B.Tophalfofcaudaldifferentinsizeandshapefromthebottomhalf…………………Gotostatement88. A.Firstdorsalfinverylong,almosthalfthelengthofthetotalbody…………….FamilyPseudotriakidae B.firstdorsalfinlengthmuchlessthanthehalfthetotallengthofbody………………Gotostatement99. A.Caudalfinverylong,almostaslongastheentirebody……………………………...FamilyAloplidae B.Caudalfinlengthmuchlessthanlengthofentirebody…………………………….Gotostatement1010. A.Nosewithlongneedlelikepointonend…………………………………....FamilyScapanorhynchidae B.Nosewithoutneedlelikepoint………………………………………………………Gotostatement1111. A.Analfinabsent………………………………………………………………………..FamilySqualidae B.Analfinpresent…………………………………………………………………FamilyCarcharhinidae12. A.Smalldorsalfinpresentneartipoftail………………...……………………………….FamilyRajidae B.Smalldorsalfinabsentneartipoftail………………………………………………Gotostatement1313. A.Hornlikeappendagesatfrontofshark.................................................................…...FamilyMobulidae B.Hornlikeappendagesnotpresentatfrontofshark…………………………………..FamilyDasyatidae

8

Activity3:SymbiosisReviewDirections:GotoBiomonsters.com.Clickon“WhatWeDidInClassToday.”LookunderDS71.WatchtheBrainPopSymbiosisVideotoanswerthequestionsbelow.

1. Whatissymbiosis?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Whatarethethreetypesofsymbiosisdiscussedinthevideo?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Whichformofsymbiosiscanberepresentedby+_?_______________________________________

4. Whichformofsymbiosiscanberepresentedby++?______________________________________

5. Whichformofsymbiosiscanberepresentedby+0?______________________________________Activity4:FoodChain&WebReviewDirections:GotoBiomonsters.com.Clickon“WhatWeDidInClassToday.”LookunderDS71.WatchtheFoodChain&WebReviewMovietoanswerthequestionsbelow.

1. Whatisafoodweb?

2. Whatarethethreecomponentsofafoodweb?

3. Whattypesofdisruptionscanhappeninafoodchainorfoodweb?

4. Listthedifferenttypesofconsumersdiscussedinthevideo.

9

HW71:SOLReviewQuestions BiologyIName:____________________________________ Date:___________________

1. Whatbestdemonstratestheflowofenergythroughtheenvironment?a.SunHeterotrophAutotrophDecomposerb.SunDecomposerHeterotrophAutotrophc.SunAutotrophHeterotrophDecomposerd.AutotrophSunHeterotrophDecomposer

2. Flowofenergyoccursbetweentrophiclevelsinallecosystems.Whatdoestheaboveillustrationdepict?a.Pyramidofbiomassb.Foodwebc.Pyramidofenergyd.Pyramidofnumbers

3. Whatdoestheaboveillustrationdepict?a.Pyramidofnumbersb.Foodchainc.Pyramidofenergyd.Pyramidofbiomass

4. Adepictionofthecombinationofmorethanonefoodchainisreferredtoas–a.apyramidofbiomassb.atrophiclevelc.afoodwebd.apyramidofnumbers

10

5. Refertothefoodwebshownbelow.Whichorganismiscorrectlyclassifiedasaprimaryconsumer?

a.grasshopperb.frogc.snaked.grasses

6. Accordingtotheenergypyramid,themostenergyispresentinorganismslivingatthesamelevelasthe–

a.grasshopperb.birdsc.bobcatdgrass

7. Inthefollowingdiagram,whichorganismprovidesnutrientsforthelargestnumberofotherorganisms?a.Snapperb.Bluefishc.Seald.Herring