Unit 4 Earthquake

Warming up & reading

厦大附中 朱丽影

Warming up

How many Nature Disasters do you know?

typhoon tornado,tornado,

hurricanehurricaneseismic sea wave / tsunami

volcanic eruption

sand storm

thunderstorm

drought

flood

fire

hurricane

earthquake

我国地震分布

Natural disasters

• volcano• sandstorm• drought• flood• fire• hurricane• tsunami• earthquake

1) Do you know what would happen before an earthquake?

2) What can we do to keep ourselves safe from an earthquake?

Bright lights flash in the skyBright lights flash in the sky

Animals are too nervous, such as cows, dogs, horses, and snakes, etc.

Predictions of an earthquake:

1) Bright lights flash in the sky;

3) The well walls have deep cracks with smelly gas;

4) Animals are too nervous, such as cows, pigs, horses, and snakes, etc;

5) Mice run out to look for places to hide; 6) Fish jump out of the ponds.

2) The water in the well rise and fall;

Wenchuan Ear

thquake

Can you describe

how terrible the

earthquake was?

2008.5.12

The city lay in ruins. 破败不堪

The buildings fell down.倒塌

Roads might crack. 开裂

Many people were killed or injured.受伤的

A great number of people lost their homes.许多，大量

A terrible earthquake happened in India.A terrible earthquake happened in India.

Tangshan, Hebei

July 28th, 1976

Reading

Second reading: Structure of the text

Part Events

Before the earthquake (Paragraph _______)

_____________ were happening both in the countryside and in the city of Tangshan but ______________ them.

During the earthquake (Paragraph _______)

The earthquake ________ the city and _______ the people.

shockeddestroyed

2-3

no one noticed

Strange things

1

Part Events

After the earthquake (Paragraph _______)

Soldiers were sent to dig out those trapped and _______ the dead; _______ were built for the homeless and ___________ was taken to the city.fresh water

sheltersto bury

4

Join the correct parts of the sentences.

Do a fast reading of the passage.

2 The people didn’t worry because

1 The chickens didn’t eat because

C they were nervous.

E they didn’t know what the strange events meant.

3 Such a great

number of people di

ed because

4 Water was needed

because

5 The people did not l

ose hope because

D dams and wells

were useless.

B the quake

happened while

they were

sleeping.

A the army

came to help

them.

Third reading:

Part 1

Part 2

Part 3

Things What happened

water in the well

well walls

chickens and pigs

mice

fish

sky

sound

water pipes

rose and felldeep cracks, smelly gas

ran out of, looking for places to hide

too nervous to eat

jumped out

bright lights

sound of planes heard even no planes

cracked and burst

Data ( 数据 ) ______ of the nation felt the earthquake. A huge crack that was __ kilometres long and _____ metres wide cut across houses.In ___ terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. ____ of the people died or were injured during the earthquake. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than ________.All of the city’s hospitals, _____ of its factories and buildings and _____ of its homes were gone.

1/38

30 1

52/3

400,00075%90

%

Para. 2-3

These numbers show the destructive effects of earthquake directly to students which can help student gain more information about the earthquake.

How the army helped the people in Tangshan?The army organized teams to dig out those

who were trapped and to bury those who were trapped.

☆

Miners were rescued from the coal mines.

☆

Shelters were built for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.

☆

Fresh water was taken to the city.

☆

:After the earthquake

1. Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away.

imagine: form a mental picture imagine + n. /pron. imagine sb. to be imagine doing imagine + 从句 P57

Language points

He _____ from his chair when the door

bell rang.

Her job is _______ chickens.

Her temperature is still ______.

He ________ in study recently.

2. rise vi. rose, risen 上升 ; 升起 ; 上涨 ; 升高 ; 增加 raise vt. raised, raised 举起 , 抬起，喂养

rose

raising

rising

has risen

smelly: smell+ y = adj.

smell n./v (smelt/ smelled)

They were all hungry and the food ______ goo

d.

I can ______ something burning in the kitchen.

Please throw the _______ fish away.

smelt

smell

smelly

3. A ______ gas came ___ __ the cracks.smelly out of

4. … the water pipes in some buildings cracked and _____.burst

burst 可以作动词，意为：使爆炸 ; 使破裂 ；突然发生，突然出现。常构成短语burst into sth. 或 burst out doing sth. ，表示“突然开始（做某事）”，如： bur

st into tears = burst out crying （表示“突然哭起来”）。也可以作名词，意为： 爆炸。例如：

1. The dam burst after heavy rains.

2. In the game, children try to burst

balloons by sitting on them.

3. Claire looked as if she were about to

burst into tears.

4. Joan didn’t say anything at first and

then she burst out crying.

5. There is a burst in the water pipe.

P57

5. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. [ 考点 ] 定语从句中引导词 who 的用法。[ 考例 ] Women ____ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those ____ don’t. ( 北京 2006)A. who; 不填 B. 不填 ; who C. who; who D. 不填 ; 不填

think of

Will you think of me after I've left?

You're very quiet; what are you thinking of?

We are thinking of going to Spain for our holiday this year.

We think of him as representing modern writers.

We think highly /much of him.

思念，想念

考虑，思考

评价，看法

It seemed as ifIt seemed as if the world was __ ___ ___. the world was __ ___ ___.at an end

P58

7. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city 7. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city laylay in _____. in _____.ruinsruins

lie (lay, lain): in ruins:

Compare: ruin; destroy; damage

The village ___ in ruins after the war.

These machines have ____ idle since the

factory closed.

An earthquake left the whole town _______.

His career is ________.

lay

lain

in ruins

in ruins

Everywhere they looked nearly everything was _________. destroyed

He ______ his girl friend’s prospectsruined

Soft wood ________easily.damages

8. 8. Two-thirdsTwo-thirds of the people died or of the people died or werwer

ee _______ during the earthquake. _______ during the earthquake.injured

More than 61% of the surface of the earth

____ covered by water.

Seventy percent of the workers in this facto

ry ____ young.

以百分数作为主语的，谓语动词是单数还是负数取决于百分数后面跟的名词是可数还是不可数的。

is

are

请根据提示完成下列句子。1. ________ ( 三分之一 ) of the students

in our class ____ (be) girls.2. __________ ( 五分之三 ) of the soil _

_________ (wash) away by the flood last night.

3. ______ ( 一半 ) of the desks in this school ________ (make) in his company.

4. ______ ( 大部分的 ) of the lecture he made yesterday ______ (be) interesting.

One-thirdare

Three-fifthswas washed

Halfare made

Mostwas

5. _________________ ( 数万 ) people ___

__________ (dance) in the big square now.

6. There were ____________ ( 一万 ) stud

ents taking part in the exam yesterday.

7. _________________ ( 百分之九十 ) of t

he mountain __________ (cover) by trees.is covered

Tens of thousands of

are dancing

ten thousand

90% / 90 percent

Compare: injure;

hurt;

wound

burn

cut

injure: to hurt oneself/ sb. / sth. physically injure: to hurt oneself/ sb. / sth. physically

Their words _________ him deeply.

Smoking will ________ his health.

He was slightly ________ in the car accident.

He got _________ in the fighting.

What you said _____ my feeling.

P59

have hurt

injured

injured

wounded

hurt

9. Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents. [ 分析 ] a. 这是一个由 and 连接的并列复合句。b. 本句的结构是：第一个分句（ Thousands of families were killed ） + and + 第二个分句（ many children were left without parents ）。c. 第二个分句的结构为：主语（ many children ） + 谓语（ were left ） + 主语补足语（ without parents ）。

[ 考点 ] last 在此句中意为“持续，延续”。可单独使用，也可后接 for + 一段时间（ for 可以省略）。

12. People began to wonder how long th

e disaster would last.

[ 考例 ] The evening news comes on at seven o’clock and ______ only thirty minutes. (2004 全国卷 II)A. keeps B. continuesC. finishes D. lasts [ 点拨 ] 根据句意“……只持续 30 分钟”，排除 C ； keep 意为“维持，保持”时，后接形容词作表语，排除 A; continue 指继续做某事； last 指某事持续了多长时间。

13. All hope was not lost.

[ 考点 ] all...not = not all... 意为“并不都……”，是部分否定。当 all, both 及 ev

ery 的合成词与 not 连用时，表示部分否定；完全否定要用 no, never, nowhere,

none, neither, nothing, nobody 等。

[ 考例 ] I agree with most of what you sai

d, but I don’t agree with ______.

(NMET 1997)

A. everything B. anything

C. something D. nothing

[ 点拨 ] 根据前面的“我同意你说的大部分”，暗示“我并不同意所有的”，可知是部分否定，选 A 。 not...everythi

ng 表示的是部分否定。

14. The army organized teams to dig out

those who were trapped and to bury the

dead.

dig out 挖掘；发现bury: A. to place in the ground

B. to occupy (oneself) with deep

concentration; absorb

The dog buried the bone in the ground.

I buried myself in my studies.

bury oneself in= be buried in

devote oneself to= be devoted to

a. 这是一个含有定语从句的复合句。b. 本句的结构是：主语（ The army ） +

谓语（ organized ） + 宾语（ teams ） + 目的状语（ to dig out those who were t

rapped and to bury the dead ）。c. who were trapped 是定语从句，修饰先行词 those 。d. and 连接两个不定式短语作目的状语。

15. Workers built shelters for survivors

whose homes had been destroyed.

[ 考点 ] whose 意为“……的”，在定语从句中作关系代词，后接名词。当前面的先行词与后面的名词构成所属关系时，就用关系代词 whose 。其先行词可以是人，也可以是物。

[ 考例 ] Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from ______ effects the people are still suffering. ( 天津 2005)A. that B. whoseC. those D. what [ 点拨 ] 因 from 前是逗号，可判断出后面是一个定语从句，排除 those ；从句部分与先行词之间的关系为： the people are still suffering from the effects of the floods ， whose 指代 of the floods, 在句中作定语，故此题选 B 。