unit 2 the nutrition function natural science 2. secondary education the nutrition process
TRANSCRIPT
UNIT
2The nutrition function
Natural Science 2. Secondary Education
THE NUTRITIONPROCESS
UNIT
2The nutrition process
Natural Science 2. Secondary Education
NUTRITION
OBTAINING NUTRIENTS RESPIRATION
SUBSTANCE DISTRIBUTION EXCRETION
AUTOTROPHIC NUTRITION
HETEROTROPHIC NUTRITION
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Obtaining nutrients
• Nutrients are the substances (organic or inorganic) that living things ingest and that can be used by their cells. • There are two types of nutrition:
Energy
Inorganic substances
Organic nutrients
Organicnutrients
Food
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• Heterotrophic• Autotrophic
UNIT
2The nutrition process
Natural Science 2. Secondary Education
Autotrophic nutrition
• Autotrophic organisms produce organic nutrients from inorganic substances, such as:
• Water
• Mineral salts
• Carbon dioxide
UNIT
2The nutrition process
Natural Science 2. Secondary Education
Autotrophic nutrition
• One example is photosynthesis. Plants and algae make organic nutrients using the energy from sunlight.
ENERGY
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Heterotrophic nutrition
• Heterotrophic organisms cannot make organic matter from inorganic matter. Therefore, they obtain nutrients from other organisms or their derivatives.• Animals are an example of heterotrophic organisms.
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Respiration
• Respiration is the process where a living organism takes in oxygen and expels carbon dioxide.
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
• This process also takes place in cells, which use oxygen to generate energy from nutrients. Mitochondria are the organelles that carry out cellular respiration.
UNIT
2The nutrition process
Natural Science 2. Secondary Education
Cellular respiration
• In this process, the mitochondrion takes in oxygen, obtains energy from nutrients and expels carbon dioxide and water.
Oxygen
Carbohydrates
Carbon dioxide
Water
Respiration in a mitochondrion
Energy
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Substance distribution in unicellular organisms
• In unicellular organisms, the cell exchanges substances directly with the environment through the membrane.
Nutrients
Waste
The exchange of substances in a protozoan
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Substance distribution in multicellular organisms
• In multicellular organisms, different parts of the body specialise in:• Taking in or expelling substances.• Transporting substances.
The digestive systemof a bird
The circulatory systemof a fish
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Excretion
• This is the process by where living beings expel the waste products generated by their activity.
The excretory systemof a reptile
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2The nutrition process
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