unit 1 week 2

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a g c

d e b

Vocabulary

Vocabulary

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try

biologychemistryphysics

historygeogra-

phy

Simple Present vs. Present Continuous

Simple Present Present Continuous

Infinitive (verb base form)(3rd person singular: infinitive + 's')

I speakyou speak

he / she / it speakswe speak

they speak

form of 'be' and verb + ing(“is”, “am”, “are” + verb –ing)

I am speakingyou are speaking

he / she / it is speakingwe are speaking

they are speaking

Verb Forms/Structures

Simple Present Forms

Most verbs conjugate like the verb "run" below. Notice how you add an "s" to third-person forms. (he, she, it)Third-person negative forms and third-person questions are made using "does."

Positive Negative Question

I run. You run. We run. They run. He runs. She runs. It runs.

I do not run. You do not run. We do not run. They do not run. He does not run. She does not run. It does not run.

Do I run? Do you run? Do we run? Do they run? Does he run? Does she run? Does it run?



I am. You are. We are. They are. He is. She is. It is.

I am not. You are not. We are not. They are not. He is not. She is not. It is not.

Am I? Are you? Are we? Are they? Is he? Is she? Is it?

To Be The verb "be" is irregular in the Simple Present. It also has different question forms and negative forms.



I have. You have. We have. They have. He has. She has. It has.

I do not have. You do not have. We do not have. They do not have. He does not have. She does not

have. It does not have.

Do I have? Do you have? Do we have? Do they have? Does he have? Does she have? Does it have?

To HaveThe verb "have" is irregular in positive, third-person forms. This irregular form has been marked below in red.

Present Continuous Forms: “be” (is, am, are) + verb- “ing”


I am speaking. You are speaking. We are speaking. They are

speaking. He is speaking. She is speaking. It is speaking.

I am not speaking. You are not

speaking. We are not speaking. They are not

speaking. He is not speaking. She is not speaking. It is not speaking.

Am I speaking? Are you speaking? Are we speaking? Are they speaking? Is he speaking? Is she speaking? Is it speaking?

Simple Present Exceptions Present Continuous

Exceptions when adding 's' : For can, may, might, must, do not

add 's'. Example: he can, she may, it must

After o, ch, sh or s, add 'es'. Example: do - he does, wash - she washes

After a consonant, the final consonant 'y' becomes 'ie'. (but: not after a vowel)

Example: worry - he worriesbut: play - he plays

Exceptions when adding 'ing' : Silent ‘e' is dropped. (but: does not apply for -ee) Example: come - coming, move - movingbut: agree - agreeing

After a short, stressed vowel, the final consonant is doubled.

Example: sit - sitting, run - running

Final 'ie' becomes 'y' Example: lie - lying, tie - tying

Use: In general or right now?Do you want to express that something happens in general? Or is something happening right now?

Simple Present Present Continuous1) in general, routines, permanent situationsColin plays football every Tuesday.2) present actions happening one after anotherFirst Colin plays football, then he watches TV.

1) right now, actions in progressLook! Colin is playing football now.2) several actions happening at the same timeColin is playing football and Anne is watching.

Signal Words always every … often normally usually sometimes seldom never first then

at the moment at this moment today now right now Listen! Look!

Note: The following verbs are usually only used in the Simple Present: be, believe, have, hear, know, hope, like, love, mean, own, remember, see, seem, smell, think, understand, want

Use: In general or right now?

1. a) I am looking at Paul.b) I look at Paul.

2. a) He is sometimes eating chicken. b) He sometimes eats chicken.

3. a) She is studying at the moment.b) She studies at the moment.

4. a) They always come to class on time.b) They are always coming to class on time.

Use: In general or right now?

1. a) I am looking at Paul. (right now)b) I look at Paul.

2. a) He is sometimes eating chicken. b) He sometimes eats chicken. (in general)

3. a) She is studying at the moment. (right now)b) She studies at the moment.

4. a) They always come to class on time. (in general)b) They are always coming to class on time.

Use: Timetable/Schedule or arrangement?Do you refer to a time set by a timetable or schedule?Or do you want to express that something is arranged for the near future?


Action set by a timetable or schedule:

The film starts at 8 pm.

Arrangement for the near future:

I am going to the cinema tonight.

Use: Timetable or arrangement for the near future?

1. a) The movie is starting at 9 pm.b) The movie starts at 9 pm.

2. a) John is coming to spend the weekend with us.b) John comes to spend the weekend with us.

3. a) When are you going to the doctor’s on Wednesday?b) When do you go to the doctor’s on Wednesday?

4. a) What time does the bakery close?b) What time is the bakery closing?

5. Our flight to London __________ at 6 am tomorrow. (depart)

6. Where ________ you __________ in Hong Kong? (stay)

Use: Timetable or arrangement for the near future?

1. a) The movie is starting at 9 pm.b) The movie starts at 9 pm. (timetable)

2. a) John is coming to spend the weekend with us. (arrangement)b) John comes to spend the weekend with us.

3. a) When are you going to the doctor’s on Wednesday? (arrangement)b) When do you go to the doctor’s on Wednesday?

4. a) What time does the bakery close? (timetable)b) What time is the bakery closing?

5. Our flight to London departs at 6 am tomorrow. (timetable)

6. Where are you staying in Hong Kong? (arrangement)

Use: Routine or a temporary situation?Do you want to talk about a routine? Or are you talking about a temporary situation?


Routine:

Bob works in a restaurant.

Temporary situation (does not have to happen directly at the moment of speaking):

Jenny is working in a restaurant this week.

Use: Routine or a temporary situation?

1. a) Every Monday, she works at the library.b) Every Monday, she is working at the library.

2. a) Jane is babysitting her brother tonight.b) Jane babysits her brother tonight.

3. a) I am getting up early three times a week to exercise.b) I get up early three times a week to exercise.

4. a) We are studying for our final exam.b) We study for our final exam.

Use: Routine or a temporary situation?

1. a) Every Monday, she works at the library. (routine)b) Every Monday, she is working at the library.

2. a) Jane is babysitting her brother tonight. (temporary situation)b) Jane babysits her brother tonight.

3. a) I am getting up early three times a week to exercise.b) I get up early three times a week to exercise. (routine)

4. a) We are studying for our final exam. (temporary

situation)b) We study for our final exam.

Certain Verbs… are usually used in the Simple Present (NOT in the continuous form).

I believe you.Sam has a cat.They hope to win the race.We know the answer.She likes Tom.Jane loves pizza.He understands the lesson.John wants to join the club.

Certain Verbs… are usually used in the Simple Present (NOT in the continuous form).

I am liking this pizza! (X)I like this pizza (O)

He is knowing his history well. (X)He knows his history well. (O)

They are wanting to go to the U.S. (X)They want to go to the U.S. (O)

You are owning a car. (X)You own a car. (O)

am taking havedo not have

do gogo study

am prepar-ing is

is like wantare

is doingis helping are ask-

ingseem


do gogo study

am prepar-ing is

is like wantare


ingseem

Make groups of 4 or 6 people. Introduce yourselves.Choose a partner and practice the dia-logues.


do gogo study

am prepar-ing is

is like wantare


ingseem

Change your partner and do Part B pair work.

1. A: Are you taking a lot of classes these days?

B:

2. A: How often do you go to the library?

B:

3. A: How is your English class?

B:

4. A: What is the teacher doing now?

B:

Change your partner again and do pair work.

A. Read the information about Adam. Answer your partner’s ques-tions.

A. Now ask your partner these questions about Vicky. (Use the present continuous or the simple present.)

1. How many subjects _______ (Vicky / study) this year?

What _______ (they / be)?

2. _______ (she / take) a class in her favorite subject area?

What class is it?

3. _______ (she / want / go) to medical school?

4. _______ (she / ever / study) on Saturdays?

B. Ask your partner these questions about Adam. (Use the present continuous or the simple present.)

1. How many subjects _______ (Adam / study) this year?

What _______ (they / be)?

2. _______ (he / take) a class in his favorite subject area this year?

What class is it?

3. _______ (he / want / go) to law school?

4. _______ (he / ever / study) on Sundays?

B. Now read the information about Vicky. Answer your partner’s questions.

Work with another partner in your group.

A. Read the information about Adam. Answer your partner’s ques-tions.

A. Now ask your partner these questions about Vicky. (Use the present continuous or the simple present.)

1. How many subjects is Vicky studying this year?

What are they?

2. Is she taking a class in her favorite subject area?

What class is it?

3. Does she want to go to medical school?

4. Does she ever study on Saturdays?

B. Ask your partner these questions about Adam. (Use the present continuous or the simple present.)

1. How many subjects is Adam studying this year? What are they?

2. Is he taking a class in his favorite subject area this year?

What class is it?

3. Does he want to go to law school?

4. Does he ever study on Sundays?

B. Now read the information about Vicky. Answer your partner’s questions.

Work with another partner in your group.

unit 1 week 2

Education