unit 1: physical geography. what makes earth a “living planet”? what color do you see the most?...
TRANSCRIPT
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Unit 1: Physical Geography
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What makes Earth a “living planet”?
What color do you see the most?
Blue= Water, Water =Life
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Bodies of Water
71% of the earth is covered
by salt water
What are the major oceans?
Oceans and Seas
Atlantic, Pacific, Arctic, Indian and Southern
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Ocean Motion•Currents
•Waves
•Tides
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Hydrologic CycleThe continuous circulation of water between the atmosphere, the oceans and the earth.
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Ground WaterWater that sits in
the rock of the earth. The water
table is the level at which the rock is saturated, or full.
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Make your own Hydrologic cycle
•In your notes, create your own version of the hydrologic cycle. Does not have to look like the example.
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Lakes, Rivers and Streams
Bodies of fresh water
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LandformsRelief: The geographic feature that
separates one landform from
another. It is the difference in
elevation from the lowest point to the highest.
4 types of Reliefs: Mountains, hills, plains and plateaus
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Oceanic LandformsContinental Shelf: From the edge of a continent to the deep part of the
ocean.
Ridges, valleys, canyons, plains and mountains all exist on the ocean floor...
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Other Landforms:
•Please turn to pgs 34-35 in your textbook
•Create your own landform glossary.
•List and define each landform using the Cornell note format.
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How the Earth is Shaped...
Our earth is MOVING!!
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Tectonic PlatesEnormous moving pieces of the
earth’s lithosphere
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Types of Plate Movement
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What Happens When the Plates
Move??EarthquakesEarthquakes are measured using
the Richter Scale. The scale begins at 1 and has no
upper limit...
What was the largest earthquake
ever recorded?9.5-Valdivia Chile
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Tsunami: Sometimes earthquakes cause a major
wave that hits the coast
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Volcanoes Magma, gases, and water gather under
the earth’s mantle. Eventually, they push their way out...
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Ring of Fire: A zone around the rim of the Pacific ocean where
most of the world’s volcanoes are located.
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External Forces…..
•Weathering – pg 42
•What is the difference between mechanical and chemical weathering. Give three examples of how each occurs. (3 for mechanical and 3 for chemical)
•Erosion - pg 43
•Take notes on the 3 types Erosion (Characteristics of each)
•What type of erosion is most likely to occur here in the greater Houston area?
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Vegetation….
•Read and take notes on the 3 types of vegetation pg. 66
•What are their characteristics, Where are they located? (this should be in with your notes)
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Seasons• The tilt of the
earth is what causes seasons to occur (Spring, Summer, Fall & Winter)
•Solstice: Longest and shortest days of the year
•Equinox: Equal day and night
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Weather•Weather: The condition of the atmosphere
at a particular location and time.
•Climate: Weather conditions at a particular location over a long period of time.
•What’s the difference between weather and climate?
•Give an example…
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Weather Extremes•Hurricanes: A storm that forms over
warm tropical ocean waters (Typhoons in Asia)
•Tornadoes: A powerful funnel-shaped column of spiraling air
•Blizzard: a heavy snowstorm with winds of more than 35 miles per hour
•Droughts: a long period of time without rain fall
•Floods: When water spreads over land not normally covered in water
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Factors that Affect Climate
•5 factors that affect climate:
•Wind Currents
•Ocean Currents
•Zones of Latitude
•Elevation
•Topography
•El Nino: The warming of waters off the west coast of South America (a natural change in climate)
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Questions
•1. From the 5 weather extremes name the one that Houston has yet to experience.
•2. How does location affect climate?
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Climate Regions (brief descriptions) •Tropical Wet: Little variation in
temperature, always hot and rainy
•Tropical Wet & Dry: Rainy season in the summer, and a dry season in the winter
•Semiarid: Typically found around deserts or interior of continents, small amount of rain
•Desert: receive less than 10 inches of rain a year (can be hot or cold)
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Climate Regions (brief descriptions)
•Mediterranean: Dry & hot summers, winters are cool & rainy
•Marine West Coast: Cloudy, foggy & rainy, near an ocean
•Humid Subtropical: Long summers of heat and humidity
•Humid Continental: mid-latitude interiors of the northern hemisphere, various temperatures
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Climate Regions (brief descriptions)
•Subartic: Huge variations in temperature, long freezing season
•Tundra: Flat, treeless land surrounding the Artic Circle
•Ice Cap: Snow, ice and permanently freezing temperatures
•Highlands: Rugged mountain areas
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Questions
•3. Which climate zone does Houston fall into?
•4. Discuss with your neighbor which climate zone you would prefer to live in and why.