https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=juxL

uo-sH6M

Term Definition Example

Biosphere Everywhere life exists Planet Earth

Biodiversity Variety of life. Tropical Rain Forests

and Coral Reefs

Species Group of organisms so similar

that they can breed and

produce fertile offspring.

Homo sapiens

Orcinus orca

Tursiops truncatus

Biology The study of all forms of life. Bacteria -> Blue Whale

Organism Individual living thing YOU!!!!!

Cell Basic unit of life. Unicellular or

multicellular-> bacteria

to a blue whale.

Metabolism Chemical process that breaks

down or builds up materials.

ENERGY = ATP

Term Definition Example

DNA Genetic Material Fingerprints

System An organized group of related

parts that work together to form

a whole.

All of your organ

systems work together

so that you can

function.

Ecosystem Environment made up of living

and non-living things (abiotic

and biotic factors).

Abiotic= rocks, sand,

water, sun

Biotic= plants and

animals

Homeostasis Maintain constant internal

conditions. BALANCE.

Body temp.= 98.6 F /

37C

Evolution Change in a species over time. Fossils, comparative

anatomy, DNA

Adaptation An inherited trait that gives an

organism an advantage and is

passed to future generations.

Can be physical or behavioral.

Webbed feet in ducks,

wings, sharp teeth,

whiskers, long beak,

stripes, aerodynamic

body.

Term Definition Example

Autotrophs Make their own

food through

sunlight. *PRODUCER

Plants- photosynthesis

Chemoautotrophs Make their own food through

chemosynthesis

(ATP is synthesized

by using chemicals instead of sunlight).

Deep sea hydrothermal vents

ecosystems- hydrogen

sulfide.

Heterotrophs Rely on others for

food and energy.

*CONSUMER

Humans- cellular

respiration.

Abiotic Nonliving factor in an ecosystem.

Sunlight, temperature, nutrients, pH, water

Biotic Living things Plants, animals, fungi,

bacteria

Term Definition Example

Sexual

Reproduction

Two parents, requires

both sperm and egg,

offspring are genetically

different.

YOU!

Asexual

Reproduction

Only one parent,

offspring is genetically

identical to the parent.

Budding= Hydra

Fragmentation= Sea star

Binary Fission= Bacteria

Budding A small projection grows

on the surface of a parent

organism, forming a

separate individual.

Hydra and yeast

Fragmentation Parent organism splits into

pieces, each of which

can grown into a new

organism.

Sea Stars and flatworms

Binary Fission Asexual reproduction of

a single celled organism

by division into two

roughly equal parts.

Bacteria

Organisms

range in size.

They can be

microscopic

like bacteria!

Organism

can be

tiny like

the honey

pot ant!

Or HUGE /

largest

animal on

the planet

like the blue

whale!

They MUST have these 9 characteristics: 1. Made up of cells

2. Metabolism

3. DNA

4. Stimulus

5. Reproduction

6. Evolution

7. Homeostasis

8. Grow and develop

9. Chemical Uniqueness

Life is

organized into

many levels.

Each level

builds on the

next.

The basic unit of life.

Chemical factory—much metabolism.

Multicellular – Most Eukaryotes, many celled like

us.

Unicellular- Prokaryotes (bacteria) , most protists,

and yeast (single-celled fungi).

Found in dead matter like a tree stump.

Most are microscopic, a few are macroscopic.

Different cells have specialized functions. For

example, your muscle cells contract and relax,

while your stomach cells secrete digestive juices.

Chemical process that builds up or breaks

down materials.

Every cell needs energy in order to survive.

Obtained by eating food, sunlight, or

chemicals.

Autotrophs- make their own food through

photosynthesis, such as plants.

Chemoautotrophs- make their own food through

chemicals / chemosynthesis.

Heterotrophs- rely on others for food.

Indirectly from photosynthesis and directly from

cellular respiration, in the form of ATP- Adenosine

Triphosphate.

All organisms must react in order to survive.

Organisms react to different factors.

Abiotic- nonliving, such as rocks, temperature,

nutrients, pH, etc

Biotic- living things, such as plants, animals,

bacteria, fungi, etc.

What happens

when you touch a

hot stove? Do you

leave your hand

on there?

Ecosystems are made up of both living

and nonliving things.

The abiotic factors directly affect the

biotic factors.

For example, if the temperature of the

bay drastically drops, many of the fish

may die because they can’t regulate

their body temperature.

http://www.discov

ery.com/tv-

shows/life/videos/v

enus-flytrap-

catches-flies/

http://naturesvenusflytrap.weebl

y.com/venus-fly-trap.html

Stores genetic information

Made up of nucleotides (4 nitrogenous

base pairs-AGCT), sugars, and

phosphates.

Adenine (A) pairs up with Thymine (T)

Guanine (G) pairs up with Cytosine (C)

The sequence of the bases is what codes

for the order of amino acids in the

protein sequence (amino acids).

Change in a species over time.

Process of biological change by which descendants come to differ from their ancestors.

Examples of evidence- fossil record, embryology, comparative anatomy, biogeography, and molecular DNA.

Adaptation- an inherited trait or gene that helps some individuals of a species survive and reproduce more successfully than others. The ones that don’t adapt will die off. Sometimes different populations of the same species live in

different environments. Therefore, they have different needs and adapt differently, evolving into different species.

http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/anole-lizards-example-speciation

Example of

adaptation https://www.pinterest.com/pin/3

29677635196634636/

Goal= to produce new individuals, and to pass on DNA to future generations.

Two types- sexual and asexual Sexual- two parents required, exchange of

gametes (sex cells), and the offspring are genetically different.

Asexual- requires only one parent and the offspring are genetically identical to the parent (ex- sea star).

Budding

Fragmentation

Binary Fission

Jawfish male holds unhatched eggs in his mouth. The male churns the eggs by spitting them out and sucking them back in. This allows the male to remove debris, aerate the eggs, and rotate eggs for proper development.

The male seahorse carries the offspring

Elephant gestation is 22 months

Killer whale gestation is 16 months

Human gestation is 9 months

http://www.funscience.in/study-

zone/Biology/AsexualReproduct

ion/Budding.php

https://science9ldssblock1.wikis

paces.com/Katie%27s+Biology+

Project

https://www.tes.com/lessons/H0

4C2gVfizVzBA/amazing-life-

cycles

http://www.sciencecounts2.com/

binary-fission.html

Regulation and maintenance of constant internal conditions in an organism. BALANCE!

Controlled by hormones and the nervous system.

Body temp. is 37 C or 98.6 F

Important because cells function best within a certain range of conditions. Temperature, glucose, water, pH, gases, nutrients, salt, etc. must be maintained/ balanced or it can be fatal.

Negative and Positive feedback loops.

Grades

Progress reports

Comments from a teacher on a paper you

wrote

One on one discussion about your

performance.

Rubric

Mechanism- a system of parts that operate or interact like those of a machine.

Control- an instrument used to operate, regulate, or guide a machine.

Sensor- a device that receives and responds to a signal.

Set point- the point at which a circuit is either activated or deactivated.

Target- something aimed or fired at.

Feedback- return of a portion of the output of a system to the input, used to maintain performance or control.

Loop- a closed circuit.

Thermostat- senses the temperature of a system.

A sensor in the thermostat constantly measures

the temperature of the room.

A control mechanism then compares the actual

room temperature to the set temperature.

Let’s say the set temperature is 21C (70F). When

the temperature falls below 21C, the thermostat

kicks on by sending an electronic message to

the furnace.

When the sensor on the thermostat indicates

that the air temperature is back to 21C,

another message is sent that turns off the

furnace.

Result- the room is always within a few

degrees of the desired temperature.

Of course in Florida this would resemble our

air conditioners!

Your body is set up to regulate

temperature just like a thermostat. It’s an

internal control system that includes

sensors, a control center, various

communication systems, and targets.

They are called receptors in our body.

Receptors spend a lot of time gathering information about what is going on inside and outside the body.

Ex- when it’s hot or cold, there are receptors in your skin and nose that gather information about the air temperatures.

Brain- receives information from the sensors.

The brain will then compare information to the ideal / set points, at which the body functions best at.

If there is an issue, such as the body being above or below that set point, the brain will send a message via a communication system (nervous or endocrine system/ hormones).

Nervous and Endocrine

system carry messages to

all parts of the body.

Nervous system= nerve

impulses (electrical)

Endocrine system=

hormones (chemical)

The nerve impulses and

hormones tell the targets in

the body how to respond to

the stimuli.

Any cell, tissue, or organ that changes its

level of activity.

Example- if it’s cold outside, a message

may be sent to the muscles to start

shivering. Shivering generates body

heat, therefore increasing temperature.

The body maintains

homeostasis via negative

and positive feedback

loops!

A control system responds when conditions change from the ideal or set point and returns conditions to this set point.

Continuous cycle

Example- Blood glucose concentrations rise after a meal (the stimulus), and insulin causes glucose to be removed from the bloodstream (the response), which decreases blood glucose.

Exercise creates metabolic heat, which raises body temperature (the stimulus) and vasodilation and sweating (the response) cools the body.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/higher/biology/control_regulation/ho

meostatic_control/revision/1/

Control system in which sensory information causes the body to increase the rate of change away from homeostasis. › Ex- cut your finger, positive feedback mechanisms

increase the rate of change in clotting factors in the blood until the wound is sealed.

› Ex- hormones during puberty. The body needs specific levels to accomplish the changes that need to take place.

› Ex-when a baby first suckles its mother's nipple, a small amount of breast milk is released (the stimulus) and a hormone is released which increases milk production (the response).

All organisms have a life cycle that they

go through from origin (when the sperm

fertilizes the egg = fertilization) to

adulthood.

Changes in size, shape, and differentiation

in structures.

Unicellular = simple and multicellular=

complex.

Metamorphosis- many organisms have

similar early stages of development and

are hard to tell apart.

https://ogremk5.wordpress.com/

2011/06/20/your-inner-fish-

chapter-5/

Complex molecular organization.

Carbon backbone.

Macromolecules- Proteins, Lipids,

Carbohydrates, and Nucleic

Acids

Ex-DNA

CO2 = carbon dioxide

O2 = oxygen

C6H12O6 = glucose

H2O= water

What do

they mean?

LIGHT + 6CO2 + 6H20 C6H12O6 + 6O2

C6H12O6 + 6O2 ATP’s + 6CO2 + 6H20